Editing Inuvik

{{Short description|Arctic town in the Northwest Territories, Canada}}
{{Other uses|Inuvik (disambiguation)}}
{{use Canadian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                        = Inuvik
| native_name                 = Inuuvik
| other_name                  =
| settlement_type             = Town
| image_skyline               = Inuvik skyline.jpg
| image_caption               = Buildings of central Inuvik from south of town
| image_flag                  =
| motto                       =
| pushpin_map                 = Canada Northwest Territories#Canada
| coordinates                 = {{coord|68|21|39|N|133|43|47|W|type:city_scale:30000|notes=<ref>{{Cite cgndb|LALNA|Inuvik}}</ref>|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type            = Country
| subdivision_name            = Canada
| subdivision_type1           = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Territory]]
| subdivision_name1           = [[Northwest Territories]]
| subdivision_type3           = [[List of regions of the Northwest Territories|Region]]
| subdivision_name3           = [[Inuvik Region]]
| subdivision_type4           = [[Constituency]]
| subdivision_name4           = [[Inuvik Boot Lake]]<br />[[Inuvik Twin Lakes]]
| subdivision_type5           = [[Census geographic units of Canada|Census division]]
| subdivision_name5           = [[Region 1, Northwest Territories|Region 1]]
| established_title           = Surveyed<ref name=estab>{{cite web|url=https://www.inuvik.ca/en/doing-business/Community-Profile.asp |title=Community Profile |date=14 July 2020 |publisher= Town of Inuvik | access-date=27 December 2024}}</ref>
| established_date            = 1954
| established_title1          = Official start<ref name=estab/>
| established_date1           = 18 July 1958
| established_title2          = Village<ref name=estab/>
| established_date2           = 1 April 1967
| established_title3 = Town<ref name=estab/>
| established_date3 = January 1970
| established_title4 = Incorporation<ref name="CGDL"/>
| established_date4 = 1 January 1979
| government_footnotes        =<ref name="CGDL"/>
| leader_title                = Mayor
| leader_name                 = Clarence Wood
| leader_title1               = SAO
| leader_name1                = Grant Hood
| leader_title2               = [[Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories|MLA]]
| leader_name2                = [[Lesa Semmler]] (Twin Lakes)
| leader_title3               = [[Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories|MLA]]
| leader_name3                = [[Denny Rodgers]] (Boot Lake)
| leader_title4               = MP
| leader_name4                = [[Michael McLeod (politician)|Michael McLeod]]
| area_footnotes              = <ref name=2021census/>
| area_land_km2               = 62.68
| area_blank1_title           = [[Census geographic units of Canada#Population centres|Population centre]]<ref name="popcen"/>
| area_blank1_km2             = 1.60
| elevation_m                 = 15
| elevation_max_m             = 68
| elevation_min_m             = 10
| population_footnotes        = <ref name=2021census/>
| population_total            = 3,137
| population_as_of            = 2021
| population_density_km2      = 50.0
| population_blank1_footnotes = <ref name="popcen">{{cite web|url=https://census.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Inuvik&DGUIDlist=2021S05100388&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Data table Inuvik Northwest Territories [Population centre] |publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=15 March 2022|date=30 January 2022}}</ref>
| population_blank1_title     = Population centre
| population_blank1           = 3,001
| population_density_blank1_km2 = 1,871.4
| timezone                    = [[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset                  = −07:00
| timezone_DST                = MDT
| utc_offset_DST              = −06:00
| postal_code_type            = [[Canadian Postal code]]
| postal_code                 = [[List of X postal codes of Canada|X]]0E 0T0
| area_code                   = [[Area code 867|867]]
| blank_name                  = [[Telephone exchange]]
| blank_info                  = 620, 678, 768, 777 [777 was previously (403) 979], 888
| blank2_name                 = Prices
| blank3_name                 = – Living cost (2018)
| blank3_info                 = 147.5{{ref|A|A}}
| blank4_name                 = – Food price index (2019)
| blank4_info                 = 158.6{{ref|B|B}}
| blank5_name                 = Highways
| blank5_info                 = [[Dempster Highway]]<br />[[Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway]]
| blank6_name                 = Waterways
| blank6_info                 = [[Mackenzie River]]
| blank7_name                 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank7_info                 = [[Subarctic climate|Dfc]]
| website                     = {{URL|http://www.inuvik.ca/}}
| footnotes                   = Sources:<br />Department of Municipal and Community Affairs,<ref name="CGDL">{{MACANT|inuvik|Inuvik}}</ref><br />Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre,<ref name="pwhc">{{cite web |url= http://www.pwnhc.ca/cultural-places/geographic-names/community-names/#4/65.98/-119.97 |title= Northwest Territories Official Community Names and Pronunciation Guide |website= [[Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre]] |publisher= Education, Culture and Employment, Government of the Northwest Territories |location= Yellowknife |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160113110003/http://www.pwnhc.ca/cultural-places/geographic-names/community-names/ |archive-date= 13 January 2016 |url-status= live |access-date= 13 January 2016}}</ref><br />Canada Flight Supplement<ref>{{CFS}}</ref><br />{{note|A|A}}2018 figure based on [[Edmonton]] = 100<ref name="comstat">{{cite web|url=https://www.statsnwt.ca/community-data/Profile-PDF/Inuvik.pdf |title=Inuvik – Statistical Profile |website=statsnwt.ca}}</ref><br />{{note|B|B}}2019 figure based on [[Yellowknife]] = 100<ref name="comstat"/>
}}

'''Inuvik''' {{IPAc-en|ᵻ|ˈ|n|uː|v|ɪ|k}} (''place of man'') is the only town<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.maca.gov.nt.ca/en/communitylist?title_field_value=&field_community_region_target_id=114&field_community_status_value=Town |title=Communities|website=maca.gov|access-date=25 October 2022}}</ref> in the [[Inuvik Region]], and the [[List of municipalities in the Northwest Territories|third largest community]] in Canada's [[Northwest Territories]]. Located in what is sometimes called the Beaufort Delta Region,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iti.gov.nt.ca/en/beaufort-delta |title=Beaufort Delta|website=iti.gov |access-date=25 October 2022}}</ref> it serves as the region's administrative and service centre. Inuvik is home to federal, territorial, and Indigenous government offices, along with a regional hospital and airport.

Inuvik is located on the northern edge of a [[Taiga|boreal forest]] just before it begins to transition to [[tundra]]. It is on the east side of the enormous [[Mackenzie River]] delta. The town lies within the [[Gwich'in Tribal Council|Gwich'in Settlement Region]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gwichin.ca/gwichin-settlement-region |title=Gwich'in Settlement Region|date=16 December 2013|publisher=Gwich'in Social and Cultural Institute|access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eia.gov.nt.ca/en/priorities/concluding-and-implementing-land-claim-and-self-government-agreements/gwichin |title=Concluding and Implementing Land Claim and Self-Government Agreements – Gwich'in|publisher=Government of Northwest Territories|access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref> and the [[Inuvialuit Settlement Region]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://irc.inuvialuit.com/lands/inuvialuit-land-administration |title=Inuvialuit Land Administration|publisher=Inuvialuit Regional Corporation|access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eia.gov.nt.ca/en/priorities/concluding-and-implementing-land-claim-and-self-government-agreements/inuvialuit |title=Concluding and Implementing Land Claim and Self-Government Agreements – Inuvialuit|publisher=Government of Northwest Territories|access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=[[Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada]] |title=Post-1975 Treaties (Modern Treaties) |url=https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/be54680b-ea62-46f3-aaa9-7644ed970aef |website=Open Government |format=Shapefile |date=4 June 2015}}</ref>

== History ==
Inuvik was conceived in 1953 as a replacement administrative centre for the hamlet of [[Aklavik]] on the west of the [[Mackenzie River|Mackenzie Delta]], as the latter was prone to flooding and had no room for expansion. Initially called "New Aklavik", it was renamed Inuvik in 1958. The school was built in 1959 and the hospital, government offices and staff residences in 1960, when people, including [[Inuvialuit]], [[Gwichʼin]] ([[Dene]]) and [[Métis]], began to live in the community.

[[CFS Inuvik|Naval Radio Station (NRS) Inuvik]], later CFS Inuvik, callsign CFV, was commissioned on 10 September 1963 after operations had been successfully transferred from NRS Aklavik. Station CFV was part of the SUPRAD (Supplementary Radio) network of intercept and direction finding stations.

CFS Inuvik closed on 1 April 1986 and the site was transferred to the [[Transport Canada|Department of Transport]] for use as a telecommunications station. Nothing remains of CFS Inuvik today. The Navy Operations base at the end of Navy Road was completely dismantled and removed.

Inuvik achieved village status in 1967 and became a full town in 1979 with an elected mayor and council. In 1979, with the completion of the [[Dempster Highway]], Inuvik became connected to [[National Highway System (Canada)|Canada's highway system]], and simultaneously the most northerly town to which one could drive in Canada. While a winter only [[ice road]] through the Mackenzie River delta still connects Inuvik to [[Aklavik]], southwest of Inuvik, the [[Tuktoyaktuk Winter Road]], which ran northeast to [[Tuktoyaktuk]], is no longer being built due to the opening in November 2017, of the [[Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway]] (ITH), which is open all year round. The Inuvik to Tuktoyaktuk highway, which connects to Canada's highway system at Inuvik via the Dempster Highway, is the first road in history to reach the [[Arctic Ocean]] in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spectacularnwt.com/story/follow-the-first-ever-highway-to-the-arctic-ocean/ |title = Follow the first-ever highway to the Arctic Ocean |access-date=27 December 2024}}</ref>

Between 1971 and 1990, the town's economy was supported by the local [[Canadian Armed Forces]] Station, CFS Inuvik, (originally a Naval Radio Station, later a communications research/signals intercept facility<ref name="Proc">{{cite web|url=http://jproc.ca/rrp/inuvik.html|title=Inuvik|access-date=31 December 2014|last=Proc|first=Jerry|date=October 2007|publisher=jproc.ca}}</ref>) and by [[petrochemical]] companies exploring the Mackenzie Valley and the [[Beaufort Sea]] for petroleum. This all collapsed in 1990 for a variety of reasons, including disappearing government military subsidies, local resistance to petroleum exploration, and low international oil prices. Since then the economy has been based on some minor tourism and subsidy provided by the [[Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada]] (INAC), [[Health Canada]] (for the regional hospital) and the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]].

== Demographics ==

{{Historical populations
| title = Federal census population history of Inuvik
| type = Canada
| align = left
| width =
| state =
| shading =
| percentages =
|[[1961 Canadian census|1961]]|1248
|[[1966 Canadian census|1966]]|2040
|[[1971 Canadian census|1971]]|2669
|[[1976 Canadian census|1976]]|3116
|[[1981 Canadian census|1981]]|3147
|[[1986 Canadian census|1986]]|3389
|[[1991 Canadian census|1991]]|3206
|[[1996 Canadian census|1996]]|3296
|[[2001 Canadian census|2001]]|3152<!--Amended by StatCan. Was 2894.-->
|[[2006 Canadian census|2006]]|3484
|[[2011 Canadian census|2011]]|3463
|[[2016 Canadian census|2016]]|3243
|[[2021 Canadian census|2021]]|3137
| footnote =
| source = [[Statistics Canada]]<br/><ref name=2021census/><ref name=1961census>{{cite book | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS92-539-1961.pdf | title=1961 Census of Canada | series=Series 1.1: Historical, 1901–1961 | volume=I: Population | publisher=[[Statistics Canada|Dominion Bureau of Statistics]] | location=Ottawa | chapter=Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1901–1961 | date=8 March 1963 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1971census>{{cite book | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS92-702-1971.pdf | title=1971 Census of Canada | series=Population | volume=Census Subdivisions (Historical) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | location=Ottawa | chapter=Table 2: Population of Census Subdivisions, 1921–1971 | date=July 1973 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1976census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS92-805-1976.pdf | title=1976 Census of Canada: Population – Geographic Distributions | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=June 1977 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1981census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS94-905-1981.pdf | title=1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=May 1992 | accessdate=1 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=1986census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2013/statcan/rh-hc/CS92-101-1987.pdf | title=1986 Census: Population – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=September 1987 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1991census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2013/statcan/rh-hc/CS93-304-1992.pdf | title=91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions – Population and Dwelling Counts | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=April 1992 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1996census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/statcan/rh-hc/CS93-357-1997.pdf | title=96 Census: A National Overview – Population and Dwelling Counts | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=April 1997 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2001census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/amend.cfm | title=Population and Dwelling Count Amendments | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=4 July 2012 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2006census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-550/Index.cfm?TPL=P1C&Page=RETR&LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=1&O=A&RPP=9999&CMA=0&PR=61 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=20 August 2021 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2011census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=51&O=A&RPP=9999&CMA=0&PR=61 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Northwest Territories) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=25 July 2021 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref>
}}
{{Historical populations
|align=none
|cols=2
|title=Annual population estimates
|1996|3461
|1997|3361
|1998|3313
|1999|3317
|2000|3324
|2001|3399
|2002|3555
|2003|3572
|2004|3622
|2005|3654
|2006|3646
|2007|3616
|2008|3601
|2009|3632
|2010|3639
|2011|3607
|2012|3559
|2013|3457
|2014|3368
|2015|3266
|2016|3239
|2017|3192
|2018|3424
|2019|3370
|2020|3366
|footnote= Sources: NWT Bureau of Statistics (2008–2019),<ref name="comstat"/> NWT Bureau of Statistics (2001–2017)<ref name=brost>[https://www.statsnwt.ca/population/population-estimates/commtotals_2001-2017.xlsx Population Estimates By Community] from the GNWT</ref>
}}
In the [[2021 Canadian census]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Inuvik had a population of 3,137 living in 1,223 of its 1,464 total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:3137-3243}}|3243|1|% = &nbsp;per cent}} from its 2016 population of 3,243. With a land area of {{cvt|62.68|km2}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|3137|62.68|km2|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6101017&Geo2=CD&Code2=6101&Data=Count&SearchText=inuvik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 | title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population – Profile table – Inuvik, Town (T), Northwest Territories [Census subdivision] | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=2 September 2022 | accessdate=25 October 2022}}</ref>

=== Ethnicity ===
As of the 2021 Canadian census there were 1,990 people who identified as [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]. Of these 63.6 per cent were [[Inuvialuit]] ([[Inuit]], predominantly [[Uummarmiut]]), 26.1 per cent [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]], 5.8 per cent [[Métis]] and 4.8 per cent reported other Indigenous heritage. The non-Indigenous population of Inuvik was 36.6 per cent. Local [[Gwichʼin]] are enrolled in the [[Inuvik Native Band]].

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in the Town of Inuvik (2001−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=26 October 2022 |title= Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Inuvik&DGUIDlist=2021A00056101017&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=27 October 2021 |title= Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6101017&Geo2=CD&Code2=6101&SearchText=Inuvik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=27 November 2015 |title= NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6101017&Data=Count&SearchText=Inuvik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=20 August 2019 |title= 2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6107017&Geo2=PR&Code2=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Inuvik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2 July 2019 |title= 2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6107017&Geo2=PR&Code2=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Inuvik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 1,990
| {{Percentage | 1990 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 2,080
| {{Percentage | 2080 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 2,485
| {{Percentage | 2485 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 2,175
| {{Percentage | 2175 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 1,690
| {{Percentage | 1690 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name=euro}}
| 765
| {{Percentage | 765 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 820
| {{Percentage | 820 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 1,015
| {{Percentage | 1015 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 1,140
| {{Percentage | 1140 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 1,085
| {{Percentage | 1085 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asian Canadians|Southeast Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name=SoutheastAsian}}
| 115
| {{Percentage | 115 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 75
| {{Percentage | 75 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 45
| {{Percentage | 45 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Black Canadians|African]]
| 80
| {{Percentage | 80 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 45
| {{Percentage | 45 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 55
| {{Percentage | 55 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 50
| {{Percentage | 50 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name=MiddleEastern}}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 30
| {{Percentage | 30 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name=EastAsian}}
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
| Other / [[Multiracial people|multiracial]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name=Other}}
| 30
| {{Percentage | 30 | 3055 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 3125 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 3655 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 3430 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 2855 | 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 3,055
! {{Percentage | 3055 | 3137 | 2 }}
! 3,125
! {{Percentage | 3125 | 3243 | 2 }}
! 3,655
! {{Percentage | 3655 | 3463 | 2 }}
! 3,430
! {{Percentage | 3430 | 3484 | 2 }}
! 2,855
! {{Percentage | 2855 | 2894 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total population
! 3,137
! {{Percentage | 3137 | 3137 | 2 }}
! 3,243
! {{Percentage | 3243 | 3243 | 2 }}
! 3,463
! {{Percentage | 3463 | 3463 | 2 }}
! 3,484
! {{Percentage | 3484 | 3484 | 2 }}
! 2,894
! {{Percentage | 2894 | 2894 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="11" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}
|}

=== Language ===
The main language spoken in Inuvik is English, though schools teach and a handful of local people still speak [[Inuinnaqtun]] ([[Inuvialuktun]]), and [[Gwichʼin language|Gwichʼin]].<ref name="census2016">{{cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6101017&Geo2=CD&Code2=6101&Data=Count&SearchText=inuvik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 |title=Census Profile &#124; Inuvik, T Northwest Territories (Census subdivision) |date=8 February 2017 |publisher=www12.statcan.gc.ca|access-date=25 August 2018}}</ref> Local [[CBC Radio]], [[CHAK (AM)]], broadcasts an hour of programming a day in each of these languages.

[[File:Inuvik-Stop.jpg|thumb|Trilingual Stop sign in Inuvik, July 2022]]

=== Religion ===
There are also about 100 Muslims, most of whom came there for economic opportunities. A small mosque (dubbed "Little mosque on the tundra" in reference to the CBC show ''[[Little Mosque on the Prairie]]'') was established in 2010.<ref name="thestar">{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/866258--little-mosque-on-the-tundra |title=Little mosque on the tundra &#124; Toronto Star |work=thestar.com|date=24 September 2010 |access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref>

== Geography ==

[[File:Inuvik, NT.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of town in 2021]]

Inuvik is located on the East Channel of the Mackenzie Delta, approximately {{cvt|100|km}} from the Arctic Ocean and approximately {{cvt|200|km}} north of the [[Arctic Circle]]. The [[tree line]] lies north of Inuvik, and the town is surrounded by [[Taiga|boreal forest]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inuvik.ca/en/discovering-inuvik/About-Inuvik.asp |title=About Inuvik |website=inuvik.ca |date=19 August 2019 |access-date=27 December 2024}}</ref>

Due to its northern location, Inuvik experiences an average of 56 days of [[midnight sun]] every summer and 30 days of [[polar night]] every winter.

==Transportation==

===Road===
Until November 2017, Inuvik was the most northern community in Canada to be accessible by road (now second to [[Tuktoyaktuk]]). The {{cvt|736|km}} [[Dempster Highway]] links Inuvik to the rest of Canada, providing relatively easy access to a wide variety of goods, and greatly reducing their cost. In contrast, many Arctic communities depend on cargo flights for regular goods and summer [[sealift]]s for larger freight, making goods expensive and often slow to arrive.<ref>{{cite web
 |url= https://theindependent.ca/commentary/61st-parallel/the-logistics-of-northern-living-part-1-sealifting/
 |title= The Logistics of Northern Living, Part 1: Sealifting
 |author= Keith Collier
 |date= 13 August 2021
|work= [[The Independent (Newfoundland)|The Independent]]
 |access-date= 16 October 2022
}}</ref>
In 2017, the [[Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway]] was extended north from Inuvik another {{cvt|138|km}} to Tuktoyaktuk on the Arctic coast. Inuvik is also connected to [[Aklavik]] by an [[ice road]] across the Mackenzie Delta from late December until late April each year.<ref name="winter road dates">{{cite web
 |url= https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/en/services/highways-ferries-and-winter-roads/winter-roads-average-openclose-dates
 |title= Winter Roads Average Open/Close Dates
 |author= Government of Northwest Territories
 |date= 11 May 2022
|publisher= Government of Northwest Territories, Department of Infrastructure
 |access-date= 16 October 2022
}}</ref>

The Dempster Highway relies on ferries to cross the [[Peel River (Canada)|Peel River]] near [[Fort McPherson, Northwest Territories|Fort McPherson]] and the [[Mackenzie River]] at [[Tsiigehtchic]] during the summer. In winter, ice bridges are constructed to cross the rivers. During the spring the crossings close throughout May as the ice on the rivers breaks up. Similarly, they are impassible for most of November while the rivers freeze.<ref name="winter road dates"/><ref>{{cite web
 |url= https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/en/ferries
 |title= Highways, Ferries, and Winter Roads
 |author= Government of Northwest Territories
 |date=n.d.
 |publisher= Government of Northwest Territories, Department of Infrastructure
 |access-date= 16 October 2022
}}</ref>
During these times air travel is the only way for people and goods to reach Inuvik.

===Air===
The [[Inuvik (Mike Zubko) Airport]] is serviced by several regional carriers. [[Canadian North]] has regular direct flights to [[Yellowknife]] and [[Norman Wells]]. It further connects to [[Edmonton]], and a number of smaller communities in the Northwest Territories and [[Nunavut]].<ref>{{cite web
 |url= https://canadiannorth.com/plan_your_trip/route-map/
 |title= Route Map
 |author= [[Canadian North]]
 |date= October 2022
 |publisher= [[Canadian North]]
 |access-date= 16 October 2022
}}</ref>
[[Air North]] connects to points in the [[Yukon]] and travels as far south as [[Vancouver]].<ref>{{cite web
 |url= https://www.flyairnorth.com/destinations
 |title= Air North Destinations
 |author= [[Air North]]
 |date=n.d.
 |publisher= [[Air North]]
 |access-date= 16 October 2022
}}</ref>
[[Aklak Air]] flies north to the small communities of [[Sachs Harbour]], [[Paulatuk]], and [[Ulukhaktok]].<ref>{{cite web
 |url= http://aklakair.ca/flight_schedule.pdf
 |title= Flight Schedule
 |author= [[Aklak Air]]
 |date= 31 May 2021
|publisher= [[Aklak Air]]
 |access-date= 16 October 2022
}}</ref>
Freight services, helicopters, and [[floatplane]] charters are also available from Inuvik. Floatplane service operates out of the nearby [[Inuvik/Shell Lake Water Aerodrome]].

===Water===
When the Mackenzie River is ice-free, [[Marine Transportation Services]] provides a commercial barge service from [[Hay River, Northwest Territories|Hay River]], on [[Great Slave Lake]] to the regional terminal in Inuvik. The annual [[sealift]] moves supplies east into the [[Kitikmeot Region]] of [[Nunavut]] and west to [[Utqiagvik, Alaska]].<ref name="MTS">{{cite web
 |url= https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/en/MTS
 |title= Marine Transportation Services
 |website=inf.gov.nt.ca
 |access-date= 15 March 2022
}}</ref>
Many locals own small boats with [[outboard motor]]s which are used to access family hunting and fishing camps or to visit [[Aklavik]]. Boat traffic comes to a halt in the winter when the Mackenzie River freezes.

==Climate==
Inuvik has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfc'', [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]] ''Eclc/Ecld''). Summers are typically wetter and cool, with temperatures varying wildly throughout the months due to its peculiar location near the cold [[Arctic Ocean]]. The average hottest month of the year, July, has a mean high of {{cvt|19.5|C}} and mean low of {{cvt|8.6|C}}. Unlike many other North American continental climates, Inuvik warms up very quickly during May and June due to the rapidly increasing day length, and that remaining snow cools down until May. June is a warmer month than August.

Seasonal transitions are extremely short, with mean daily temperatures rising or falling as fast as {{cvt|0.5|C-change}} per day. Winters are long and cold; the coldest month of the year, January, having a mean high of {{cvt|-22.8|C}} and a mean low of {{cvt|-31.0|C}}. Freezing temperatures can occur any month of the year. Inuvik has a great variation of temperatures during the year, usually peaking below {{cvt|-40|C}} in the winter and above {{cvt|30|C}} in the summer.<ref name= "ccnYEV"/> The highest temperature ever recorded in Inuvik was {{cvt|34.8|C}} on 7 August 2024.<ref name="August 2024 YEV"/> The coldest temperature ever recorded was {{cvt|-56.7|C}} on 4 February 1968.<ref name= "ccnYEV"/>

Snow that falls from October onward usually stays until the spring thaw in mid-May but can sometimes last until June.<ref name= "ccnYEV"/>

{{Inuvik weatherbox}}

== Tourism ==

=== Famous attractions ===
[[File:Our Lady of Victory church.jpg|thumb|''Our Lady of Victory'' church]]

Inuvik's [[Our Lady of Victory Church (Inuvik)|Our Lady of Victory Church]], often called ''Igloo Church'', is a famous landmark in the region. It is the most-photographed building in the town {{Citation needed|date=May 2013}}.

Inuvik has the [[Midnight Sun Mosque]], North America's northernmost, which opened in November 2010 after being built in [[Winnipeg]] and moved {{cvt|4000|km}} by truck and barge.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/arctic-bound-mosque-makes-barge-to-inuvik-1.870470 |title=Arctic-bound mosque makes barge to Inuvik |website=cbc.ca |date=10 September 2010}}</ref> Some media reports have mistakenly called the mosque "the world's northernmost mosque", but in fact the [[Nord Kamal Mosque]] in [[Norilsk]], Russia, and a mosque in [[Tromsø]], Norway, are both slightly further north than Inuvik.<ref name="alnor">{{cite web |url=http://www.alnor.no/en_facts_tromso.htm |title=Alnor facts Tromsø |publisher=alnor.no |access-date=31 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006180338/http://www.alnor.no/en_facts_tromso.htm |archive-date=6 October 2014 }}</ref><ref name="sptimes">{{cite web |url=http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=21621 |title=Arctic Muslims &#124; The St. Petersburg Times &#124; The leading English-language newspaper in St. Petersburg |publisher=sptimes.ru |access-date=31 December 2014 |archive-date=4 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204014803/http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=21621 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Annual events of note ===
[[File:The Inuvik community greenhouse converted from an old hockey rink.jpg|thumb|The Inuvik community greenhouse, converted from an old hockey rink<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/hothouse-flourishes-as-rink-turns-over-new-leaf/article4123330/ |title=Hothouse flourishes as rink turns over new leaf |website=theglobeandmail.com |last=Mahoney |first=Jill |date=12 July 2004}}</ref>]]

The [[Great Northern Arts Festival]] has been held annually for 10 days in the middle of July since 1989.<ref name="gnaf.">{{cite web|title=Great Northern Arts Festival|url=http://www.gnaf.org|access-date=31 December 2014|publisher=gnaf.org}}</ref> The Festival has hosted over 3,000 artists from across Canada's north, and from as far away as Japan and Australia over 31 years and is the largest annual tourism event in the Beaufort Delta. Featuring on-site demonstrations, 50+ arts workshops, a 3,500-piece gallery, an outdoor carving village, an interactive artist studio zone, nightly cultural performances, northern film screenings, family activities and an [[Arctic]] fashion show, the Festival attracts visitors from around the world to travel the Dempster Highway to visit Inuvik and the Gwich'in and [[Inuvialuit Settlement Region]]s.

The annual Sunrise Festival happens on the second weekend of the new year, when the sun finally breaks the horizon after about thirty days of [[polar night]]. The Festival is an all-day community event highlighted by [[dog sled]] races, a long-program fireworks show and community bonfire. This Festival was highlighted in the award-winning<ref name="coloribus">{{cite web|url=http://www.coloribus.com/festivals-awards/cannes-lions/Cannes-Lions-2010/film-lions/--/gold/ |title=Cannes Lions 2010 Winners Film Lions |publisher=coloribus.com|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref> 2010 national Tropicana Orange Juice commercial ''Arctic Sun''.<ref name="coloribus2">{{cite web |url=http://www.coloribus.com/adsarchive/tv-commercials/tropicana-juice-arctic-sun-13585855/ |title=Tropicana Juice: &quot;Arctic Sun&quot; TV Commercial by BBDO Toronto Canada |publisher=coloribus.com |access-date=31 December 2014 |archive-date=2 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102050454/http://www.coloribus.com/adsarchive/tv-commercials/tropicana-juice-arctic-sun-13585855/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Inuvik celebrates the Muskrat Jamboree each year in late March or early April. Started in 1957, the event brings together thousands of people to participate in traditional games, watch the dog sled and snowmobile races and dance (jig) the night away in town. Most events are held on the Mackenzie River where several community groups operate concessions in stove-heated traditional McPherson tents, preparing hot soup, [[Bannock (Indigenous American)|bannock]], baked goods, coffee, [[Labrador tea]], hot chocolate and other traditional refreshments. Many participants and spectators wear traditional clothing and often local artisans will have something to sell. In conjunction with the Muskrat Jamboree, the Town of Inuvik hosts the annual Muskrat Cup 3-on-3 Pond Hockey Tournament on the frozen Mackenzie River, the world's most northerly cash tournament.

The weekend closest to the summer solstice (21 June) each year features the Midnight Sun Fun Run, a 5K, 10K and [[half marathon]] that starts at midnight under the [[Midnight sun|24-hours of sunlight]] experienced for over 50 days each summer in Inuvik. Runners from around the world make their way north to participate in this unique event under the midnight sun.

==Facilities==
[[File:Inuvik Regional Hospital 2.jpg|thumb|Inuvik Regional Hospital]]
A new hospital opened in early 2003, providing service to an area extending from [[Sachs Harbour]] on [[Banks Island]], to [[Ulukhaktok]] on [[Victoria Island]], and from [[Paulatuk]] into the [[Sahtu Region]] including [[Norman Wells]], [[Tulita]], [[Délı̨nę]], [[Fort Good Hope]], and [[Colville Lake, Northwest Territories|Colville Lake]].

The Midnight Sun Complex, a stage-built multi-use facility, was completed in 2006. Featuring the Roy 'Sugloo' Ipana Memorial Arena, with an NHL-sized ice surface; the Inuvik Curling Club with three sheets and a well-situated licensed lounge/viewing area; the Inuvik Pool, an award-winning Class B recreational pool with lane swimming, waterpark features including a two-story waterslide, hot tub, sauna and steam room; two squash courts; a multi-use community hall with stage; on-site business centre/production office; full building wireless; video-conferencing facility; on-site catering/kitchen; and meeting rooms for groups of 5 to 500. At full-building use, the Complex can host conferences, conventions and trade shows with up to 1200 delegates/exhibitors.<ref name="inuvik">{{cite web|url=http://www.inuvik.ca |title=Town of Inuvik &#124; Go beyond the Arctic Circle &#124; Town of Inuvik |publisher=inuvik.ca|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref>

The community has a state-of-the-art school called East 3. The construction budget for the school exceeded $110&nbsp;million, and it features modern technologies such as 'smartboards' and videoconferencing facilities as well as a large gym.

A distinct feature of Inuvik is the use of "[[Utility tunnel#Arctic towns|utilidors]]" – above-ground utility conduits carrying water and sewage – which are covered by corrugated steel. They run throughout town connecting most buildings, and as a result there are many small bridges and underpasses. The utilidors are necessary because of the [[permafrost]] underlying the town.

==Media==

===Print===
The town is served by the ''Inuvik Drum'', a community newspaper published weekly by [[Northern News Services]].

===Television===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
![[Terrestrial television|OTA]] channel
!Call sign
!Network
!Notes
|-
|13 ([[very high frequency|VHF]])
|[[Aboriginal Peoples Television Network#Distribution|CH4221]]
|[[Aboriginal Peoples Television Network]]
|
|}

Inuvik was previously served by [[CHAK-TV]], [[very high frequency|VHF]] channel 6, a [[CBC North]] [[CBC Television|television]] repeater of [[CFYK-DT]] ([[Yellowknife]]). That station closed on 31 July 2012 due to budget cuts affecting the CBC.<ref name="radio-canada">{{cite web|url=http://cbc.radio-canada.ca/en/media-centre/2012/04/04/ |title=Speaking notes for Hubert T. Lacroix regarding measures announced in the context of the Deficit Reduction Action Plan |publisher=cbc.radio-canada.ca|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="crtc">{{cite web|url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2012/2012-384.htm |title=Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2012-384, July 17, 2012. |date=17 July 2012 |publisher=crtc.gc.ca|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref>

===Radio===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Frequency
!Call sign
!Branding
!Format
!Owner
!Notes
|-
|[[AM broadcasting|AM]] 860
|[[CHAK (AM)|CHAK]]
|[[CBC Radio One]]
|[[Talk radio]], [[Public broadcasting|public radio]]
|[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]
|Part of [[CBC North]]; broadcasts programming in English, [[Gwichʼin language|Gwichʼin]], and [[Inuvialuktun]]
|-
|[[FM broadcasting|FM]] 98.7
|[[CKRW-FM|CKRW-FM-2]]
|The Rush
|[[Adult contemporary music|Hot adult contemporary]]
|Klondike Broadcasting
|Rebroadcaster of [[CKRW-FM]] ([[Whitehorse]])
|-
|[[FM broadcasting|FM]] 101.9
|[[CKLB-FM|VF2082]]
|CKLB Radio: The Voice of Denendeh
|[[Community radio]]
|Native Communications Society of the Northwest Territories
|[[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] community radio; rebroadcaster of [[CKLB-FM]] ([[Yellowknife]])
|}

==Communications==
Landline telephone service is provided by [[Northwestel]], and cellular service by [[Ice Wireless]] and Arctic Digital ([[Bell Mobility]]). Cable television is also offered in Inuvik by New North Networks.

[[Optical fiber|Fibre optic]] communications were added in Inuvik in June 2017 with the completion of the [[Mackenzie Valley Fibre Link]]; the $82&nbsp;million {{cvt|1200|km}} line adds new capability to the town. However, the dependence on this single trunk line occasionally causes widespread Internet outages during Dempster or Alaska Highway maintenance or construction.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/northwestel-internet-phone-service-restored-to-all-customers-1.3703436| title = Northwestel: Internet, phone service restored to all customers |website=cbc.ca |date=1 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/federal-government-apologizes-yukon-internet-1.3706366| title = Feds apologize after contractor knocks out internet in Yukon, Nunavut |website=cbc.ca |date=3 August 2016}}</ref> A backup trunk line between [[Fort Simpson]] and Inuvik was under construction as of 2015.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-internet-fibre-dempster-northwestel-1.3291529| title = Yukon to build fibre optic line along Dempster Highway to N.W.T. |website=cbc.ca |last=Croft |first=Dave |date=27 October 2015}}</ref>

== Planetary nomenclature ==

In 1988, the [[International Astronomical Union]]'s Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (IAU / WGPSN) officially adopted the name [[List of craters on Mars: H–N#Inuvik|Inuvik]] for a crater on [[Mars]], at 78.7° north latitude and 28.6° west longitude. The crater's diameter is {{cvt|20.5|km}}.<ref name="usgs">{{cite web|url=http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/mc1_mola.pdf |title=USGS Map MC-01 of the Mare Boreum Region of the planet Mars showing INUVIK Crater |publisher=planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Leona Aglukkaq]], former member of Parliament for the electoral district of [[Nunavut (electoral district)|Nunavut]] and former Minister of Health
*[[Roger Allen (cross-country skier)|Roger Allen]], former member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories and Olympian
*[[Zac Boyer]], former [[National Hockey League]] right winger
*[[Tom Butters (politician)|Tom Butters]], former member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories
*[[Jason Elliott (ice hockey)|Jason Elliott]], former professional ice hockey player
*[[Fred Koe]], former member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories
*[[Floyd Roland]], former mayor of Inuvik and former Premier and member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories
*[[Richard Nerysoo]], former chief of the Gwich'in Tribal Council, former member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories, former Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories, and former Premier of the Northwest Territories
* [[Eric Schweig]], [[Inuvialuit]] / [[Ojibwe|Chippewa]] / [[Dene]] actor
* [[Willow Allen]], model

==See also==
* [[List of municipalities in the Northwest Territories]]
* [[Vertical Distribution of Ice in Arctic Clouds]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Inuvik}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
* [http://www.inuvik.ca/ Town of Inuvik Web Site]

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