Editing JADE (cipher machine)

{{Short description|Japanese World War II cipher machine}}
[[Image:Imperial Japanse navy Jade code machine 1.jpg|thumbnail|right|A captured JADE machine on display in the [[National Cryptologic Museum]].]]
[[File:JADE, Japanese Type-97 cipher machine captured in Saipan in June 1944 - National Cryptologic Museum - DSC07854.JPG|thumb|Keyboard of Jade machine]]

'''JADE''' was the [[codename]] given by US codebreakers to a Japanese [[World War II]] cipher machine. The [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] used the machine for communications from late 1942 until 1944. JADE was similar to another cipher machine, CORAL, with the main difference that JADE was used to encipher messages in [[katakana]] using an alphabet of 50 symbols.<ref name=NSAearlyjapanese>https://www.nsa.gov/about/cryptologic-heritage/center-cryptologic-history/pearl-harbor-review/early-japanese/ Early Japanese Systems NSA Center for Cryptologic History</ref>

According to the NSA, "apparently, the JADE machine did not stand up to heavy usage in the field, and, after an initial high volume of traffic, it was used much less." While CORAL traffic was also low, an important user was a Japanese representative, Vice Admiral Abe, to an Axis war-planning council whose reports coded in CORAL were intercepted and proved vital to Allied planning in the European theater.<ref name=NSAearlyjapanese />

==See also==
* [[Type A Cipher Machine]] ("Red")
* [[Type B Cipher Machine]] ("Purple")

==External links==
* [http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/documents/eusage/usage11.htm TENTATIVE LIST OF ENIGMA AND OTHER MACHINE USAGES 30 March 1945] &mdash; JADE is covered

==References==
{{reflist}}

===References from Japanese Wikipedia===
*Separate Mathematical Sciences Cryptography, Science Inc., 1982, “Deciphering Japanese Machine Cryptography in the United States and Its Theoretical Considerations”, Masataka Kato
*Machine Cryptography and Modern Cryptanalysis, Cipher A. Deavours, Louis Kruh, ARTECH HOUSE, 1985
*BIG MACHINES, Stephen J. Kelley, Aegean Park Press, 2001
*"Naval Operational Communication History", Guard Corps School of Art, Showa 28
*"Shin Takayama Tore 128," Miyauchi Kanto, Rokuko Publishing, 1975
*History of Kitajima Island Naval Forces, "Cryptographic Printing Machine and Thin-Bar Type Replacement Board", Kakuji Ishigami, 1985
*"A review of correspondence warfare and correspondence warfare measures", Yoshio Nakano, 1955

{{Cryptography navbox | machines}}

{{commonscat|JADE cipher machines}}
[[Category:Encryption devices]]
[[Category:World War II Japanese cryptography]]


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