Editing Jack Adams

{{other people|Jack Adams|Jack Adams (disambiguation)}}
{{short description|Canadian ice hockey player and coach (1894–1964)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Infobox ice hockey player
| image = Jack Adams, Toronto Arenas.jpg
| caption = 
| alt = The head and torso of a male caucasian hockey player. He is wearing a sweater with two buttons on the chest and two on the collar. The words "Jack Adams right wing" are written in the lower right corner.
| image_size = 230px
| position = [[Centre (ice hockey)|Centre]]
| shoots = Right
| height_ft = 5
| height_in = 9
| weight_lb = 175
| played_for = [[Toronto Arenas]]<br>[[Vancouver Millionaires]]<br>[[Toronto St. Patricks]]<br>[[Ottawa Senators (original)|Ottawa Senators]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1894|6|14}}
| birth_place = [[Fort William, Ontario]], Canada
| death_date = {{death date and age|1968|5|1|1894|6|14}}
| death_place = [[Detroit]], Michigan, U.S.
| career_start = 1917
| career_end = 1927
| halloffame = 1959
}}
'''John James "Jolly Jack" Adams''' (June 14, 1894 – May 1, 1968) was a Canadian professional [[ice hockey]] player, coach, and general manager in the [[National Hockey League]] and [[Pacific Coast Hockey Association]]. He played for the [[Toronto Arenas]], [[Vancouver Millionaires]], [[Toronto St. Patricks]] and [[Ottawa Senators (original)|Ottawa Senators]] between 1917 and 1927. He won the [[Stanley Cup]] twice as a player, with Toronto in [[1918 Stanley Cup Finals|1918]] and Ottawa in [[1927 Stanley Cup Finals|1927]], and was inducted into the [[Hockey Hall of Fame]].

After retiring Adams began a 36-year association with the [[Detroit Red Wings]] of the [[National Hockey League]] as head coach and as a general manager. He held the record of the winningest coach in Red Wings history until 2014. He later became the first president of the [[Central Professional Hockey League]]. Adams won the Stanley Cup a further seven times with the Red Wings and is the only person to have won the Stanley Cup as a player, coach, and general manager.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/LegendsMember.jsp?mem=p195901&type=Player&page=bio&list=ByName |title=Legends of Hockey: Jack Adams |website=[[Hockey Hall of Fame]] |access-date=2019-06-20}}</ref>

==Playing career==
[[File:Jack Adams, Vancouver Millionaires.jpg|thumb|left|140px|Adams with the [[Vancouver Millionaires]].]]Born in [[Fort William, Ontario]], Jack Adams began his career with the Fort William Maple Leafs in 1914 of the NMHL and then played for the [[Calumet Miners]] a year later. In 1916, he joined the intermediate Peterborough 247th Battalion of the [[Ontario Hockey Association]] and the next season moved up to the senior Sarnia Sailors. His younger brother [[Bill Adams (ice hockey)|Bill]] also was a professional hockey player, with the [[Regina Capitals]] and the [[Vancouver Millionaires]].

Adams turned pro in 1917 upon joining the [[Toronto Arenas]] of the [[National Hockey League|NHL]] for the [[1917–18 NHL season|1917–18]], earning the reputation as a physical, bruising player. Although he participated in the NHL playoffs, he did not play in any games in the [[1918 Stanley Cup Finals]] against the Vancouver Millionaires when the Torontos won the trophy.

In March 1918 he was drafted into the Canadian military as part of the [[First World War]], and was sent to the United Kingdom in April. He was discharged that November as the war ended and returned to Canada shortly after.<ref>{{harvnb|MacLeod|2018|p=97}}</ref>

In December 1919 he was moved west alongside his brother Bill to join the Vancouver Millionaires, where he flourished as a player, leading the league in scoring in 1921–22, when he centred a line with [[Alf Skinner]] and [[Smokey Harris]].<ref>{{harvnb|MacLeod|2018|p=98}}</ref> The February 26, 1922 issue of the ''[[Vancouver Sun]]'', commenting on Adams' playing style, complimented him on his strong hands and his ability to shield and hold onto the puck against several checking opponents, as well as his ability to "bore through" the opposing defense.<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82996146/jack-adams-heads-coast-scorers/ "Jack Adams heads coast scorers"] ''Vancouver Sun''. Feb. 26, 1922 (pg. 24).</ref> He played in two Stanley Cup series for Vancouver, and was the star of the [[1922 Stanley Cup Finals|1922 series]], scoring 6 goals in 5 games.

Coming off that 1921–22 season, he returned east to rejoin the Toronto Arenas, now renamed the [[Toronto St. Patricks]], and played four seasons on a line with [[winger (ice hockey)|right-winger]] [[Babe Dye]]. Adams was the team's leading scorer in 1925–26.

The next season, he joined the [[Ottawa Senators (original)|Ottawa Senators]], finishing his playing career as it began, with a second Stanley Cup championship. His NHL stats included 83 goals, 32 assists in 173 games played.

Adams was inducted into the [[Hockey Hall of Fame]] in 1959 as a player.

==Coaching and managing career==
Soon after his retirement, he became coach and general manager of the second-year Detroit Cougars at the suggestion of NHL president [[Frank Calder]].

At first, the team struggled under his leadership, making the playoffs only two times in his first five years at the helm. A name change to the Detroit Falcons in 1930 did not improve the team's performance. Detroit's fortunes changed in 1932, when [[Chicago]] [[grain trade|grain merchant]] [[James E. Norris]] bought the Falcons and renamed them the Detroit Red Wings. Norris gave the Red Wings the financing they needed to become an NHL power. Adams led the team to three Stanley Cups before stepping down in 1947 to concentrate on his duties as general manager. His coaching career tallied 413 wins, 390 losses, and 161 ties, including a 52–52–1 coaching record in the playoffs. Most of those wins came without a contract; when Norris bought the team he'd torn up Adams' contract and given him a year on his job on probation and a handshake. As it turned out, one year became 15 years. He was the winningest coach in Red Wings history until [[Mike Babcock]] passed him late in the 2013-14 season.

By 1947, Adams had built a farm system that produced [[Alex Delvecchio]], [[Terry Sawchuk]], [[Ted Lindsay]], [[Red Kelly]], [[Sid Abel]], and most notably [[Gordie Howe]]. It was this core group of players that led the Red Wings to seven straight regular-season first-place finishes from 1948 to 1955, along with four more Cups—making Adams the only man to have his name on the Stanley Cup as a player, coach, and general manager.

Adams was known for being wary of letting his teams get complacent, and was not shy about orchestrating blockbuster trades to keep them on their toes—a philosophy which won him the nickname "Trader Jack."  His impulse was slightly restrained after Norris died in 1952 and was succeeded by his daughter, [[Marguerite Norris]]. She and Adams never got along very well. While she could have summarily fired Adams since he was still without a contract, she did not do so.

However, Marguerite was forced to turn over control of the team to her younger brother, [[Bruce Norris (ice hockey)|Bruce Norris]], in 1955 after losing an intrafamily struggle. Bruce voiced full confidence in Adams, and the trading resumed anew. During their seven-season run in first place, many thought the Red Wings would rule the league for years to come. However, just days after Bruce took over the presidency, Adams traded away eight players from the 1955 champions. Years later, Howe wrote that Adams' reasoning for the trades still "def(ied) explanation," and argued that the trades opened the door for the [[Montreal Canadiens]] to win five Cups in a row (and nine in 14 years). Although the Red Wings remained competitive until the late 1960s, Howe believed the trades "sapped us of the firepower we needed to win another championship."<ref name=HoweBio>{{cite news|url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/nhl/red-wings/2014/09/11/new-gordie-howe-book-recounts-red-wings-decline-after-1950s-dynasty/15431555/|title=New Gordie Howe book recounts Detroit Red Wings' decline after 1950s|author1=Gene Myers|publisher=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=September 11, 2014}}</ref>

In [[1956–57 NHL season|1957]], Adams traded [[Ted Lindsay]] to Chicago because of union-organizing efforts and had other players affiliated with the effort sent to the minors. As part of the [[union busting]] efforts, Adams spread fake rumours attributing Lindsay as criticizing his former teammates. Adams also showed a fake contract to Detroit reporters, claiming Lindsay was being paid $25,000 per year, when he was being paid $12,000.<ref>{{harvnb|Cruise|Griffiths|1991|p=94}}</ref>

The efforts resulted in most of the core of this team leaving town and eventually led to Adams being fired in 1963. His 36-year tenure as general manager is the longest in NHL history. He served 31 of those years while still on probation; after 1932 he never signed a contract with the Wings. His ouster from the Red Wings also ended 46 consecutive years at the major league level in hockey.

Adams had also been involved in an incident in 1942, when he had an outburst due to his belief of biased penalty calling, which led to a fit of rage and ultimately a referee getting punched in game three of the [[1942 Stanley Cup Finals]], thus becoming the first coach to be suspended in a Final.

In 1963, Adams became founding president of the [[Central Professional Hockey League|Central Hockey League]], a post he held until his death at his desk in 1968.

==Career statistics==
===Regular season and playoffs===
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center; width:60em"
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff"|
! rowspan="100" bgcolor="#ffffff"|
! colspan="5"|[[Regular season]]
! rowspan="100" bgcolor="#ffffff"|
! colspan="5"|[[Playoffs]]
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! [[Season (sports)|Season]]
! Team
! League
! GP !! [[Goal (ice hockey)|G]] !! [[Assist (ice hockey)|A]] !! [[Point (ice hockey)|Pts]] !! [[Penalty (ice hockey)|PIM]]
! GP !! G !! A !! Pts !! PIM
|-
| 1914–15 
| Fort William Maple Leafs
| NHML
| — || — || — || — || —
| 2 || 4 || 0 || 4 || 3
|-
| [[1915 Allan Cup|1914–15]]
| Fort William Maple Leafs
| [[Allan Cup]]
| — || — || — || — || —
| 2 || 3 || 0 || 3 || 5
|-
| 1915–16 
| [[Calumet Miners]]
| NMHL
| — || — || — || — || —
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| 1916–17 
| Peterborough 247th
| [[Ontario Hockey Association|OHA Int]]
| — || — || — || — || —
| — || — || — || — || —
|-
| 1917–18 
| Sarnia Sailors
| [[OHA Senior A League (1890–1979)|OHA Sr]]
| 6 || 15 || 0 || 15 || —
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1917–18 NHL season|1917–18]]
| [[Toronto Arenas]]
| [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
| 8 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 31
| 2 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 6
|-
| [[1918–19 NHL season|1918–19]]
| Toronto Arenas
| NHL
| 17 || 3 || 3 || 6 || 35
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1919–20 PCHA season|1919–20]]
| [[Vancouver Millionaires]]
| [[Pacific Coast Hockey Association|PCHA]]
| 22 || 9 || 6 || 15 || 18
| 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[1920–21 PCHA season|1920–21]]
| Vancouver Millionaires
| PCHA
| 24 || 17 || 12 || 29 || 60
| 2 || 3 || 0 || 3 || 0
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1921–22 PCHA season|1921–22]]
| Vancouver Millionaires
| PCHA
| 24 || 26 || 4 || 30 || 24
| 2 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 1921–22
| Vancouver Millionaires
| West-P
| — || — || — || — || —
| 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 12
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1922 Stanley Cup Finals|1921–22]]
| Vancouver Millionaires
| [[Stanley Cup|St-Cup]]
| — || — || — || — || —
| 5 || 6 || 1 || 7 || 18 
|-
| [[1922–23 NHL season|1922–23]]
| [[Toronto St. Patricks]]
| NHL
| 23 || 19 || 9 || 28 || 64
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1923–24 NHL season|1923–24]]
| Toronto St. Patricks
| NHL
| 22 || 14 || 4 || 18 || 51
| — || — || — || — || —
|-
| [[1924–25 NHL season|1924–25]]
| Toronto St. Patricks
| NHL
| 27 || 21 || 10 || 31 || 67
| 2 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 7
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1925–26 NHL season|1925–26]]
| Toronto St. Patricks
| NHL
| 36 || 21 || 5 || 26 || 52
| — || — || — || — || —
|-
| [[1926–27 NHL season|1926–27]]
| [[Ottawa Senators (original)|Ottawa Senators]]
| NHL
| 40 || 5 || 1 || 6 || 66
| 6 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | NHL totals
! 173 !! 83 !! 32 !! 115 !! 366
! 10 !! 2 !! 0 !! 2 !! 13
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | PCHA totals
! 70 !! 52 !! 22 !! 74 !! 102
! 6 !! 4 !! 0 !! 4 !! 0
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | St-Cup totals
! — !! — !! — !! — !! —
! 5 !! 6 !! 1 !! 7 !! 18  
|}

<small>Sources:</small><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php?pid=23806 |title=Jack Adams (b. 1894) hockey statistics and profile |access-date=July 22, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hockey-reference.com/players/a/adamsja01.html |title=Jack Adams NHL statistics |access-date=September 28, 2013 }}</ref>

===Coaching record===
{| BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="0" width="75%" style="text-align:center"
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff" | &nbsp;
! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" | &nbsp;
! colspan="5" | [[Regular season|Regular&nbsp;season]]
! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" | &nbsp;
! colspan="5" | [[Playoffs]]
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! [[Season (sports)|Season]]
! Team
! League
! GC !! W !! L !! T !! Finish
! GC !! W !! L !! T !! Result
|-
| [[1927–28 NHL season|1927–28]]
| [[Detroit Red Wings|Detroit Cougars]]
| [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
| 44 || 19 || 19 || 6 || 4th, American
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1928–29 NHL season|1928–29]]
| Detroit Cougars
| NHL
| 44 || 19 || 16 || 9 || 3rd, American
| 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || Lost in Quarterfinals
|-
| [[1929–30 NHL season|1929–30]]
| Detroit Cougars
| NHL
| 44 || 14 || 24 || 6 || 4th, American
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1930–31 NHL season|1930–31]]
| [[Detroit Red Wings|Detroit Falcons]]
| NHL
| 44 || 16 || 21 || 7 || 4th, American
| — || — || — || — || —
|-
| [[1931–32 NHL season|1931–32]]
| Detroit Falcons
| NHL
| 48 || 18 || 20 || 10 || 3rd, American
| 2 || 0 || 1 || 1 || Lost in Quarterfinals
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1932–33 NHL season|1932–33]]
| [[Detroit Red Wings]]
| NHL
| 48 || 25 || 15 || 8 || 2nd, American
| 4 || 2 || 2 || 0 || Lost in Semifinals
|-
| [[1933–34 NHL season|1933–34]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 24 || 14 || 10 || 1st, American
| 9 || 4 || 5 || 0 || Lost in Finals
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1934–35 NHL season|1934–35]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 19 || 22 || 7 || 4th, American
| — || — || — || — || —
|-
| [[1935–36 NHL season|1935–36]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 24 || 16 || 8 || 1st, American
| 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || Won Stanley Cup
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1936–37 NHL season|1936–37]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 25 || 14 || 9 || 1st, American
| 10 || 6 || 4 || 0 || Won Stanley Cup
|-
| [[1937–38 NHL season|1937–38]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 12 || 25 || 11 || 4th, American
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1938–39 NHL season|1938–39]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 18 || 24 || 6 || 5th, NHL
| 6 || 3 || 3 || 0 || Lost in Semifinals
|-
| [[1939–40 NHL season|1939–40]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 16 || 26 || 6 || 5th, NHL
| 5 || 2 || 3 || 0 || Lost in Semifinals
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1940–41 NHL season|1940–41]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 21 || 16 || 11 || 3rd, NHL
| 9 || 4 || 5 || 0 || Lost in Finals
|-
| [[1941–42 NHL season|1941–42]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 48 || 19 || 25 || 4 || 5th, NHL
| 12 || 7 || 5 || 0 || Lost in Finals
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1942–43 NHL season|1942–43]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 50 || 25 || 14 || 11 || 1st, NHL
| 10 || 8 || 2 || 0 || Won Stanley Cup
|-
| [[1943–44 NHL season|1943–44]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 50 || 26 || 18 || 6 || 2nd, NHL
| 5 || 1 || 4 || 0 || Lost in Semifinals
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1944–45 NHL season|1944–45]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 50 || 31 || 14 || 5 || 2nd, NHL
| 14 || 7 || 7 || 0 || Lost in Finals
|-
| [[1945–46 NHL season|1945–46]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 50 || 20 || 20 || 10 || 4th, NHL
| 5 || 1 || 4 || 0 || Lost in Semifinals
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1946–47 NHL season|1946–47]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 60 || 22 || 27 || 11 || 4th, NHL
| 5 || 1 || 4 || 0 || Lost in Semifinals
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | NHL totals
! 964 !! 413 !! 390 !! 161 !! —
! 105 !! 52 !! 52 !! 1 !! Three Stanley Cups
|}

==Awards and achievements==
* Won the [[Stanley Cup]] as a player with the [[Toronto Arenas]] in [[1917–18 Toronto Hockey Club season|1918]] and with the [[Ottawa Senators (original)|Ottawa Senators]] in [[1926–27 Ottawa Senators season|1927]].
* Won the Stanley Cup as General Manager and Head Coach of the [[Detroit Red Wings]] in [[1935–36 Detroit Red Wings season|1936]], [[1936–37 Detroit Red Wings season|1937]], and [[1942–43 Detroit Red Wings season|1943]].
* Won the Stanley Cup as General Manager of the Detroit Red Wings in [[1949–50 Detroit Red Wings season|1950]], [[1951–52 Detroit Red Wings season|1952]], [[1953–54 Detroit Red Wings season|1954]] and [[1954–55 Detroit Red Wings season|1955]].
* Named in his honour, the [[Jack Adams Award]] was introduced in [[1973–74 NHL season|1974]] and is awarded annually to the most outstanding coach in the [[National Hockey League]].
* Was the first recipient of the [[Lester Patrick Trophy]] in [[1965–66 NHL season|1966]].
* Inducted into the [[Hockey Hall of Fame]] in 1959.
* First All-Star Team Coach in [[1936–37 NHL season|1937]] & [[1942–43 NHL season|1943]].
* Second All-Star Team Coach in [[1944–45 NHL season|1945]].

==See also==
* [[List of Detroit Red Wings award winners]]
* [[List of Detroit Red Wings seasons]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Citation|last=Coleman|first=Charles L.|year=1964|title=The Trail of the Stanley Cup, Volume 1: 1893–1926 inc.|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing|location=Dubuque, Iowa|oclc=957132}}
* {{Citation|last=Cruise|first=David|last2=Griffiths|first2=Alison|year=1991|title=Net Worth: Exploding the Myths of Pro Hockey|publisher=Viking|location=Toronto|isbn=0-670-83117-4}}
* {{Citation|last=Duff|first=Bob|year=2017|title=The First Season: 1917–18 and the Birth of the NHL|publisher=Biblioasis|location=Windsor, Ontario|isbn=978-1-771961-84-4}}
* {{Citation|last=MacLeod|first=Alan Livingstone|year=2018|title=From Rinks to Regiments: Hockey Hall-of-Famers and the Great War|publisher=Heritage House|location=Victoria, British Columbia|isbn=978-1-77203-268-0}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{icehockeystats|legendsm=P195901}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box | before = [[Duke Keats]] | title = [[List of Detroit Red Wings head coaches|Head coach of the Detroit Red Wings]] | years = 1927–1947 | after = [[Tommy Ivan]] }}
{{succession box | before = [[Art Duncan]] | title = [[List of Detroit Red Wings general managers|General manager of Detroit Red Wings]] | years = 1927–62 | after = [[Sid Abel]]}} 
{{s-end}}

{{Central Professional Hockey League President}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Adams, Jack}}
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1968 deaths]]
[[Category:Canadian ice hockey centres]]
[[Category:Canadian ice hockey coaches]]
[[Category:Detroit Red Wings coaches]]
[[Category:Detroit Red Wings general managers]]
[[Category:Hockey Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Ice hockey people from Thunder Bay]]
[[Category:Lester Patrick Trophy recipients]]
[[Category:National Hockey League executives]]
[[Category:Ontario Hockey Association Senior A League (1890–1979) players]]
[[Category:Ottawa Senators (1917) players]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Stanley Cup champions]]
[[Category:Stanley Cup championship–winning head coaches]]
[[Category:Toronto Arenas players]]
[[Category:Toronto St. Pats players]]
[[Category:Vancouver Millionaires players]]