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{{use mdy dates|date=January 2018}} {{for|the UK version|Jack FM (United Kingdom)}} {{More citations needed|date=October 2008}} {{Infobox radio station | name = Jack FM | logo = WNPT-FM Jack logo.png | logo_size = 250px | format = [[Adult Hits]] | owner = [[Sparknet Communications]]<br>Oxis Media in the [[European Union|EU]]<br>JACK Media (OXIS Media Ltd) in the [[United Kingdom|UK]] | website = [http://www.jack.fm/ jack.fm] | city = | frequency = | airdate = | coordinates = }} '''Jack FM'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jack FM |url=https://jack.fm/ |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=Jack FM |language=en-US}}</ref> is a [[radio network]] brand that is licensed by Sparknet Communications, with the exception of the European Union where it is licensed by Oxis Media.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-03-26|title=Oxis acquires JACKfm brand rights in Europe|url=https://radiotoday.co.uk/2015/03/oxis-acquires-jackfm-brand-rights-in-europe/|access-date=2020-06-21|website=RadioToday|language=en-GB}}</ref> It plays an [[adult hits]] [[radio format|format]], in most cases not using [[disc jockey|DJ]]s. == Format characteristics == {{Advert|date=June 2020}} Stations using the "Jack" name are strictly licensed by SparkNet Communications. There are several terms that each station must agree to, including operating without [[disc jockey]]s for at least the first few months of the format. SparkNet has been protective of its format, unsuccessfully filing [[trademark infringement]] suits against [[Bonneville International]] for its use of the Jack FM service-marked slogan "Playing What We Want" and other similar phrases.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sparknet Communications v. Bonneville International, 386 F. Supp. 2d 965 {{!}} Casetext Search + Citator |url=https://casetext.com/case/sparknet-communications-v-bonneville-international |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=casetext.com}}</ref> For this reason, many stations airing a Jack-like format use slightly different slogans to avoid infringing on SparkNet's service marks: [[WBEN-FM]] in [[Philadelphia]] uses the tagline "Playing anything we feel like." On [[WLKO]] "102.9 The Lake" in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], the tagline is "We Play Anything". During its run as "Doug FM", [[WUFL (FM)|WDRQ]] in [[Detroit]] used the line "93.1 DOUG FM – We Play...EVERYTHING!" Most stations in the United States use Howard Cogan and Andrew Anthony (best known as the voices of [[GEICO]] and [[EA Sports]], respectively) as the voice of "Jack", while stations in Canada use [[Greg Beharrell]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.howardcogan.com/aboutnew|title=About Howard Cogan|website=howardcogan.com|access-date=March 18, 2017|archive-date=March 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319111754/http://www.howardcogan.com/aboutnew|url-status=dead}}</ref> All Jack FM stations in the [[United Kingdom]] used former [[Blake's 7]] actor [[Paul Darrow]] as the voice of Jack.{{Citation needed|date=June 2020}} In place of DJs, the Jack character makes sarcastic or ironic remarks and quips, often using self-deprecating humor. Each September, all Jack FM stations ask listeners to visit a certain link to evaluate which songs should be played on the radio and which ones should be swapped. ==History== ===2000–2003: Origins=== :"Perry launched JACK-FM on the internet in 2001 at jack.fm<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tunein.com/radio/Jack-FM-s320825/ | title=Jack FM | Free Internet Radio }}</ref> (where you can listen to it streaming for free at 128 kbps quality). His company, Big Sticks Broadcasting Corporation, owns the service marks to "JACK-FM" and "Playing What We Want" in the United States."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.varietyhits.com/variety/history.shtml | title=Variety Hits - History of the Format }}</ref> In 2000, the first originator of New York's Jack FM format was radio programmer Bob Perry, the president of Big Sticks Broadcasting Corp.,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1495989/Jack-and-Jill-dump-the-DJs-in-Americas-all-music-radio-revolution.html | title=Jack and Jill dump the DJS in America's all-music radio revolution | date=August 11, 2005 }}</ref> on a United States–based [[Internet radio]] [[streaming audio|stream]] in 2000. Perry named the station after a fictitious persona, "Cadillac Jack" Garrett, "a hard-living radio cowboy". The back story created by Perry for the original web stream was that Garrett, a disc jockey who had worked many "big sticks", finally got his own radio station, and after years of being told what he was to play on-air was creating a station where the motto was "playing what we want". [[Rogers Communications]] claims that the only thing taken without permission, for the Jack FM radio station, in [[Vancouver]], British Columbia, Canada, was the name and the tagline. Pat Cardinal, one of the first Jack program directors, says that he was unaware of the type of music on the American website and that "Jack" was one of several names that were considered for the format. Rogers Communications came to an agreement with Perry for the use of the Jack FM name in Canada soon after the launch. The original web stream is still live to this day. Jack was also inspired by the success of [[CHUM Limited]]'s "[[Bob FM]]" brand on [[CFWM]] radio in [[Winnipeg]]. Program director Howard Kroeger was inspired to create Bob FM after hearing a mixtape at a friend's 40th birthday party. Other Canadian broadcasters copied the concept as well, adopting such brands as [[Corus Entertainment]]'s "[[CJDV-FM|Dave FM]]" and "[[CKNG-FM|Joe FM]]". In 2003, an [[Ottawa]] station launched "Frank FM" as a one-day [[Halloween]] [[prank]]. (The prank's name was possibly also inspired by the Canadian satirical magazine ''[[Frank Magazine|Frank]]'', and probably the [[New England]] stations known as [[Frank FM]].) [[File:Jackfmcrownlogo.png|thumb|First Jack FM logo, often used on [[Infinity Broadcasting Corporation|Infinity-CBS]] stations.]] Beginning in late 2002, several Canadian [[radio station]]s owned by [[Rogers Communications]] starting using the format. The first Jack station was Vancouver's [[CJAX-FM|CKLG-FM]], which quickly shot to the top of the city's [[Bureau of Broadcast Measurement|BBM]] radio ratings. The format was consequently adopted on other Rogers stations in 2002 and 2003. The format proved popular in many markets where it was introduced, although its success was not always as dramatic as it had been in Vancouver. ===2004–2005: Introduction to United States and controversies=== In 2004, SparkNet Communications, the owner of the Jack FM and "Playing What We Want" trademarks outside of Canada, started to license the Jack FM trademark in the United States. NRC Broadcasting's [[KJAC]] in [[Denver]] was the first U.S. station to adopt the "Jack FM" format on April 14, 2004. (It has since switched to a [[public radio]] [[adult album alternative]] format.) The success of Jack caused a cloning effect, with some stations using the names of famous local figures, landmarks, or symbols to promote their version of the format. These variations have included [[WTAX-FM|WABZ]] "Abe FM" in [[Springfield, Illinois]], named for [[Abraham Lincoln]]; [[WBEN-FM]] "Ben FM" in [[Philadelphia]], named for [[Benjamin Franklin]]; "100.5 FM Louie" in [[Louisville, Kentucky]]; "96.7 Steve FM" [[WLTY]] in [[Columbia, South Carolina]], named after [[South Carolina Gamecocks football|University of South Carolina football]] coach [[Steve Spurrier]]; [[WREE|WCFF]] "The Chief 92.5 FM" in [[Champaign, Illinois]], named for the controversial symbol of the [[University of Illinois]], [[Chief Illiniwek]]; [[WARH]] in [[St. Louis]], known as "106.5 The Arch," named for the [[Gateway Arch]], and even a body of water like "106-5 The Lake" [[WHLK]] in [[Cleveland]], named for [[Lake Erie]]. On July 29, 2005, [[Rawlco Communications|Rawlco]]'s [[CKCK-FM]] in [[Regina, Saskatchewan]], became the first non-Rogers station in Canada to directly license the Jack FM brand rather than adopting an alternate name. On May 4, 2005, at 11 a.m., [[WQSR]], an [[oldies]] station in [[Baltimore]], changed its format to Jack FM. Listeners and staffers alike were surprised by the sudden change because many of the station's long-time air personalities were considered Baltimore institutions. WQSR received a large amount of negative publicity regarding the format change. Popular former WQSR personality Steve Rouse later became the morning show host at [[sister station]] 101.9 [[WLIF]]. [[File:Jack SMALL.png|Logo used on Cumulus and iHeartMedia owned stations.|thumb|right]] The introduction of Jack FM in [[New York City]] generated the most negative publicity of any market that switched a station to the format. On June 3, 2005, at 5:00 p.m., [[WCBS-FM]], an oldies station in New York City, flipped to Jack FM without any prior warning. The switch to the format, with no DJs and few songs before 1980 was termed ''The Day the Music Died'' by some New Yorkers and has drawn criticism even from non-listeners of the station.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/19/opinion/nyregionopinions/19LIgoldman.html|title=The Day the Music Died|first=Kevin|last=Goldman|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 19, 2005}}</ref> The sudden firing of DJs of historic renown such as [[Cousin Brucie]], [[Ron Lundy]] and [[Harry Harrison (DJ)|Harry Harrison]] was noted in the press. In a partial nod to this controversy, on June 14, 2005, the station announced that it would tweak the format to include a handful of 1950s and early 1960s songs as well as performers such as [[Frank Sinatra]] — elements not typical of the Jack format. However, a later update retracted this and songs from before the late 1960s were no longer played. One prominent reaction to the format change came in the form of a derogatory comment from the city's mayor. According to the ''New York Post'', mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]] responded to the change by declaring he would "never listen to that fucking CBS radio ever again" (the quote was censored in the newspaper). The new Jack station quickly picked up on this, using its trademark sarcasm: "Hey, Mayor Bloomberg. I heard you took a shot at us in the ''Post''. What's with all the swearin' like a sailor? [[Fleet Week]] is over. It's just music." Initially, [[Arbitron]] ratings showed a sharp decline and while ratings did improve, they never surpassed the levels that WCBS-FM had before the format switch. As a result, on July 6, 2007, WCBS-FM announced it would drop Jack FM and restore the station's old format on July 12 with an updated [[classic hits]] approach, a move attributed mostly to the newly appointed CBS Radio CEO Dan Mason.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://publications.mediapost.com/index.cfm?fuseaction%3DArticles.san%26s%3D63620%26Nid%3D32050%26p%3D407397 |title=MediaPost Publications - Mag Rack: The 2005 Edition - 01/03/2005 |access-date=2007-07-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227064523/http://publications.mediapost.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=Articles.san |archive-date=2007-02-27 }}, Retrieved on 2008/06/12</ref> Three of the fired DJs and staff (Dan Taylor, Bob Shannon, and Mr. G) returned to the station, along with newsman Al Meredith (who had stayed at the station during Jack FM doing his Sunday morning public affairs show), as well as DJ [[Pat St. John]] who had previously left CBS-FM for Q104.3 about a year before the flip to Jack. Steve O'Brien, a weekend and fill-in DJ at the time of the format change, also returned in a similar capacity in 2008. For a time, the Jack FM format WAS renamed ToNY. It was available through WCBS-FM's [[HD Radio|HD2]] subchannel, and via an internet stream. On the same day that WCBS-FM flipped to Jack FM, another station owned by CBS, [[WBMX (FM)|WJMK]], an oldies station in [[Chicago]], changed formats to Jack FM as well. The change at [[WBMX (FM)|WJMK]] didn't attract as much attention as the WCBS-FM flip, but it still drew the ire of its listeners. Just as with WCBS-FM in New York, WJMK Chicago ended the Jack FM format and reverted to [[classic hits]] in 2011. On July 5, 2005, it was announced that Bohn & Associates Media and Wall Media formed SparkNet Communications L.P. as the exclusive international licensor and owner of the Jack FM format. SparkNet has, in turn, licensed the format to [[Dial Global]] for satellite-based syndication to stations in U.S. markets outside the 40 largest. This satellite-fed Jack became active in October 2005, and now serves many of the smaller Jack stations, such as those in [[Evansville, Indiana]], and [[Knoxville, Tennessee]]. In late September 2005, [[CKIS-FM|CJAQ-FM]] in [[Toronto]], announced that it would become the first DJ-less station in Canada. Pat Cardinal, general manager and program director of the station, said "The move came as a result of listener feedback. The audience has been telling us that they want no DJs on Jack. They want more music." When it first launched, 92.5 Jack FM operated without disc jockeys in an effort to establish the "Playing What We Want" concept, which was new to Toronto. DJs were introduced within weeks. In November 2005, Cardinal defended his decision in an interview with [[Michael Hainsworth]] of [[Report on Business Television]] and stated why he doesn't see commercial-free iPods and satellite radio as a threat to a non-DJ format.<ref>[http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Jack_FM_-_History/id/5173186 History Of Jack FM] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408090751/http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Jack_FM_-_History/id/5173186 |date=2009-04-08 }}</ref> In October 2005, Entravision Radio launched a [[Spanish language|Spanish-language]] version of the Jack format dubbed "José" with the "We Play What We Want" tagline translated into Spanish as "Toca lo que Quiere". "José" went live on six FM and AM stations in [[KRCX-FM|Sacramento]], [[KCVR (AM)|Stockton]], and [[KCVR-FM|Modesto, California]]; [[KRZY (AM)|Albuquerque, New Mexico]]; and [[KMXA (AM)|Denver, Colorado]].<ref>Leila Cobo, "José Is The Latin Jack," ''Billboard'', 11/12/2005, Vol. 117 Issue 46, p. 32.</ref> The "José" stations have no affiliation with Jack, SparkNet Communications, or Bob Perry. On October 25, 2005, Infinity Broadcasting, part of [[CBS]], announced that it would be replacing [[Howard Stern]] with Jack FM on some of its stations. Stern left terrestrial radio for [[Sirius Satellite Radio]] in late 2005. ===Since 2006: North American format changes, international expansion=== Following the format's mid-2000s growth throughout North America, Jack FM continued to expand into smaller markets across the continent. However, in many cities the novelty wore off, and in the late 2000s a number of Jack stations modified their playlists drastically or flipped to other formats outright. In May 2006, the playlist of [[CKIS-FM|CJAQ-FM]] in [[Toronto]] evolved into a [[mainstream rock]] format. The 1980s [[Top 40 (radio format)|top-40]] acts such as [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], [[Duran Duran]], [[Kim Wilde]], [[Cyndi Lauper]], and [[Falco (musician)|Falco]] were dropped in favor of an all-rock playlist, and the station's slogan changed to "Toronto's Best Rock Variety". However, In June 2009, the station flipped back to Contemporary Hits. It returned to its former "Kiss" branding as well as adopted its current call letters.<ref>[http://www.925jackfm.com/ 92.5 JackFM] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050410044828/http://www.925jackfm.com/ |date=April 10, 2005 }}</ref> Similarly, Rawlco-owned CKCK-FM (the only non-Rogers operated Jack FM station) in [[Regina, Saskatchewan]], adopted a [[classic rock]] direction in September, changing its slogan from the traditional "Playing What We Want" to "The Greatest Rock Of All Time" and adding announcers to its afternoon [[drive time]] show. In 2010, the tagline was changed again to "Regina's Greatest Hits". In October 2006, the UK's first Jack FM format station won a broadcast licence for the [[Oxford]] area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ofcom.org.uk/media/news/2006/10/nr_20061012 |title=Ofcom awards new FM commercial radio licence for Oxford and South Oxfordshire | Ofcom |access-date=October 13, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930041556/http://www.ofcom.org.uk/media/news/2006/10/nr_20061012 |archive-date=September 30, 2007 }}</ref> 106 Jack FM Oxford started broadcasting at 1:06 p.m. [[British Summer Time|BST]] on October 18, 2007.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} On December 2, 2009, Bristol radio station Original FM changed to Jack FM after requesting a format change with OFCOM.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radiotoday.co.uk/news.php?extend.5428 |title=Radio Today with RCS: Original replaced by JACK fm |access-date=December 9, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091204202439/http://radiotoday.co.uk/news.php?extend.5428 |archive-date=December 4, 2009 }}</ref> Two further Jack FM stations were planned on DAB digital radio from 2008 for Northamptonshire and Northeast Wales and West Cheshire{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} but by August 2009 were a year late with no indication of an [[Estimated time of arrival|ETA]]. In addition the Oxfordshire Jack was to have been relayed to a wider area. ''RadioToday'' reported [[The Coast (radio station)|The Coast]] was to flip to become JACK FM on July 4, 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://radiotoday.co.uk/2011/06/feature-is-jack-the-future |title=Feature: Is JACK fm the future of radio? |date=June 8, 2011 }}</ref> In January 2007, [[KJJZ|KAJR]] in [[California]]'s [[Coachella Valley]] launched as a "Jack FM" affiliate in a region unable to receive the [[KCBS-FM]] signal from Los Angeles, {{convert|100| mi|km}} to the west.{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}} Jack did not last long. By February 1, 2010, that station became [[soft adult contemporary]]-formatted KJJZ. On October 22, 2007, [[WBMX (FM)|WJMK]] in Chicago announced that radio personality [[Steve Dahl]] would be morning drive personality as of November 5, the first personality on the station since it went to the Jack format. In March 2011, WJMK dropped the Jack format in favor of [[classic hits]] as "K-Hits", featuring 1960s to 1980s music. Eddie & Jobo (Ed Volkman and Joe Bohannon, former morning hosts at co-owned [[WBBM-FM]]) took over the morning show. On June 29, 2012, it was announced that [[KLO-FM|KJQN]] in Salt Lake City would drop the "Jack FM" format on July 16, 2012, and begin to simulcast the talk radio format of [[KMES|KLO]].<ref>[http://www.radio-info.com/news/salt-lake-city-standalone-klo-1430-buys-kjqn-fm-1031]{{dead link|date=March 2017}}</ref> On August 2, 2013, [[KFBG (FM)|KFMB-FM]], the Jack FM station in San Diego, began restricting access to its online stream to listeners within the city of San Diego proper.<ref name="RI 2013-08-08 KFMB-FM">{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/headlines/84544/local-radio-behind-a-paywall/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=Local Radio Behind A Paywall |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=August 8, 2013 |access-date=April 22, 2020 }}</ref> This move by program director Mike O'Reilly drew the ire of fans who live outside the city limits, including the large [[Economy of San Diego#Defense and military|U.S. military community]] stationed locally and overseas. O'Reilly explained his rationale, citing a new [[Arbitron]] policy on how online listening is measured: {{Quote |text=Our radio industry is continually adapting to changing metrics, which are sometimes out of our control within our competitive landscape. I understand your frustration and I can assure you this decision to restrict our streaming efforts to San Diego was based on multiple factors including the licensing issues outlined on our website. In addition, radio stations that do not 100% simulcast their signals online are essentially competing with themselves. Technically they are considered two separate radio stations in the way they are rated. By restricting our signal to San Diego only, our online stream and our air signal at 100.7FM will be considered one unified station. |author=Mike O'Reilly, KFMB-FM program director }} KFMB-FM achieved this effect by restricting the signal based on the IP address of the device on which a listener streamed the station. However, fans within the city of San Diego were prevented from hearing the station as well. In addition, the station charged for access to its local morning radio show on podcast in September 2013.<ref name="RI 2013-08-08 KFMB-FM" /> On November 17, 2015, KFMB-FM dropped its regular Jack FM programming and began [[Stunting (broadcasting)|stunting]] with all-Christmas music as "Jack Frost"; The station launched a [[mainstream rock]] format on January 4, 2016.<ref name="RI 2016-01-04 KFMB-FM">{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/blog/headlines/95651/wheel-of-formats-kills-off-jack-fm-san-diego/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=Wheel of Formats Kills Off Jack-FM San Diego |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=January 4, 2016 |access-date=October 28, 2019 }}</ref> On February 28, 2014, [[CFLT-FM]] in [[Halifax, Nova Scotia]], flipped formats to Jack FM becoming the latest Rogers radio station to adopt the Jack branding. Meanwhile, in February 2015, another Rogers station, [[CHTT-FM]] in [[Victoria, British Columbia]], dropped the Jack FM format and flipped to [[contemporary hit radio]] (CHR) as "Kiss 103.1". That station, however, returned to Jack FM programming on August 15, 2019. On December 26, 2017, at midnight, [[KSAJ-FM]] in [[Topeka, Kansas]], flipped formats from oldies to Jack FM. The Jack FM format is distributed via satellite in the United States and internationally. Within the US, distributed originally by [[Citadel Media|ABC Radio]] and later acquired by Dial Global (now [[Westwood One]]). In September 2019, Skyview Networks took over the US distribution rights from Westwood One.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/headlines/180665/after-losing-jack-westwood-one-launches-two-new-variety-hits-networks/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=After Losing Jack, Westwood One Launches Two New Variety Hits Networks |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=September 23, 2019 }}</ref> US military radio station [[American Forces Network#Radio|Armed Forces Network, Afghanistan]] broadcasts Jack FM, having adopted the format on August 1, 2011, as a way to expand the playlist and reduce operational personnel. ==Jack FM stations== Radio stations are listed here if they specifically use the '''Jack FM''' brand.<ref>[http://www.jack.fm/listen/ JACK Map - Every JACK station in THE WORLD!] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303212328/http://www.jack.fm/listen/ |date=2009-03-03 }}</ref> Stations branded as [[Bob FM]] are listed on that article; stations using alternate brands are listed at [[adult hits]]. ===Canada=== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;" |- !Location !! [[Call sign]] !! Frequency !! Owner !! Notes |- |[[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]], [[Saskatchewan]] || [[CKCK-FM]] || 94.5 FM || [[Rawlco Communications]] || only Jack FM station in Canada not owned by [[Rogers Sports & Media]] |- |[[London, Ontario|London]], [[Ontario]] || [[CHST-FM]] || 102.3 FM || [[Rogers Sports & Media]] || |- |[[Smiths Falls]], [[Ontario]] || [[CJET-FM]] || 92.3 FM || [[Rogers Media]] || serves [[Ottawa]] market, was a Jack FM station from 2004 until 2020 when it became Country 92.3. Reverted to Jack format effective December 27, 2023. |- |[[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]] || [[CJAX-FM]] || 96.9 FM || [[Rogers Sports & Media]] || |- |[[Calgary]], [[Alberta]] || [[CJAQ-FM]] || 96.9 FM || [[Rogers Sports & Media]] || |- |[[Dartmouth, Nova Scotia|Dartmouth]], [[Nova Scotia]] || [[CFLT-FM]] || 92.9 FM || [[Rogers Sports & Media]] || serves [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]] market |- |[[Victoria, British Columbia]] || [[CHTT-FM]] || 103.1 FM || [[Rogers Sports & Media]] || Was re-branded as [[Contemporary hit radio|Top 40/CHR]] (KiSS 103.1) from February 24, 2015, to August 15, 2019. |- |[[Medicine Hat, Alberta]] || [[CJCY-FM]] || 102.1 FM || [[Rogers Sports & Media]] || |} ====Former stations==== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;" |- !Location !! Call sign !! Frequency !! Owner !! Notes |- |[[Toronto]], [[Ontario]] || [[CKIS-FM|CJAQ-FM]] || 92.5 FM || [[Rogers Media]] || Became [[Contemporary hit radio|Top 40/CHR]] [[CKIS-FM]] (KiSS 92.5) in June [[2009 in radio|2009]], although it was a [[mainstream rock]] station from [[2006 in radio|2006]] to 2009. |- |[[Orillia]], [[Ontario]] || [[CICX-FM]] || 105.9 FM || [[Larche Communications]] || Became [[country music|country]] (KICX 106) in [[2008 in radio|2008]]. |- |} ===United States=== {| class="wikitable sortable" !Location!! Call sign !! Frequency !! Owner !! Notes |- |[[Parker, Arizona]] || [[KPKR]] || 95.7 FM || Arizona's Hometown Radio Group || |- |[[Paragould, Arkansas]] || [[KDRS-FM]] || 107.1 FM || Mor Media || |- |[[Vilonia, Arkansas]] || [[KCON (FM)|KCON]] || 92.7 FM || East Arkansas Broadcasters || |- |[[Los Angeles, California]] || [[KCBS-FM]] || 93.1 FM || [[Audacy, Inc.]] || |- |[[Susanville, California]] || [[KAJK]] || 96.3 FM || Huth Broadcasting || |- |[[Lake Worth, Florida]] || [[WWRF]] || 1380 AM || Glades Media Company || Simulcast on W234DA (94.7 FM) and W245AY (96.9 FM) |- |[[Vero Beach, Florida]] || [[WJKD]] || 99.7 FM || Vero Beach Broadcasters || |- |[[Boise, Idaho]] || [[KJOT]] || 105.1 FM || [[Lotus Communications]] || Debuted March 15, 2021 |- |[[Decatur, Illinois]] || [[WEJT]] || 105.1 FM || [[Cromwell Radio Group]] || |- |[[Ottawa, Illinois]] || [[WRKX]] || 95.3 FM || [[NRG Media]] || As of August 31, 2015<ref>"[https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/145058/westwood-one-signs-off-sam-fm Westwood One Signs Off 'SAM-FM']", ''All Access Music Group''. August 31, 2015. Retrieved July 25, 2018.</ref> |- |[[Tell City, Indiana]] ||[[WTCJ]] || 1230 AM || Cromwell Radio Group || Simulcast on W227CO (93.3 FM), W254CC (98.7 FM), and W294CG (106.7 FM) |- |[[Burlingame, Kansas]] || [[KSAJ-FM]] || 98.5 FM || [[Alpha Media]] || Debuted December 26, 2017 |- |[[Elizabethtown, Kentucky]] || [[WRZI]] || 107.3 FM || Commonwealth Broadcasting || |- |[[Lexington, Kentucky]] || [[WLXX]] || 101.5 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || Debuted September 4, 2020 |- |[[Munfordville, Kentucky]] || [[WLLI (FM)|WLLI]] || 102.3 FM || Commonwealth Broadcasting || |- |[[Baltimore, Maryland]] || [[WQSR]] || 102.7 FM || iHeartMedia || |- |[[Kalamazoo, Michigan]] || [[WVFM]] || 106.5 FM || Midwest Communications || Debuted February 24, 2021, picking up the format after [[WZOX]] 96.5 FM Portage dropped the Jack FM branding |- |[[Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota]] || [[KZJK]] || 104.1 FM || Audacy, Inc. || |- |[[Redwood Falls, Minnesota]] || [[KLGR-FM]] || 97.7 FM || Alpha Media || |- |[[Hazlehurst, Mississippi]] || [[WDXO]] || 92.9 FM || [[Supertalk Mississippi|Telesouth Communications]] || |- |[[Columbia, Missouri|Columbia]]/[[Boonville, Missouri]] || [[KWJK]] || 93.1 FM/103.5 FM || Billings Broadcasting || |- |[[Kansas City, Missouri]] || [[K273BZ]] || 102.5 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || |- |[[Missoula, Montana]] || [[KYJK]] || 105.9 FM || Simmons Media Ventures || |- |[[Elko, Nevada]] || [[KLKO]] || 93.7 FM || Elko Broadcasting || Formerly [[Bob FM]] |- |[[Fayetteville, North Carolina]] || [[WFLB]] || 96.5 FM || [[Beasley Media Group]] || Debuted August 8th, 2024, replacing BOB FM. |- |[[Fargo, North Dakota]] || [[KRWK]] || 101.9 FM || [[Midwest Communications|Midwest Radio]] || Formerly Mix 101.9 |- |[[Williston, North Dakota]] || [[KDSR]] || 101.1 FM || [[The Marks Group]] || Formerly Bob FM |- |[[Dayton, Ohio]] || [[WGTZ]] || 92.9 FM || [[Alpha Media]] || Debuted September 1, 2017, at 5 p.m. Formerly "Soft Rock 92.9". |- |[[Loretto, Pennsylvania]] || [[WYUP]] || 1400 AM || Matt Lightner || Simulcast on W296ED (107.1 FM) and W267CM (101.3) |- |[[Sisseton, South Dakota]] || [[KJKQ]] || 99.5 FM || Armada Media || |- |[[Dyersburg, Tennessee]] || [[WASL (FM)|WASL]] || 100.1 FM || Burks Broadcasting || |- |[[Knoxville, Tennessee]] || [[WNFZ]] || 94.3 FM || Midwest Communications|| |- |[[Nashville, Tennessee]] || [[WCJK]] || 96.3 FM || [[Midwest Communications]] || |- |[[Austin, Texas]] || [[KJFK (AM)|KJFK]] || 1490 AM || Township Media, LLC || Simulcast on W242DE (96.3 FM) |- |[[Dallas, Texas]] || [[KJKK]] || 100.3 FM || Audacy, Inc. || |- |[[Llano, Texas]] || [[KJFK (AM)|KJFK-FM]] || 96.3 FM || Township Media, LLC || |- |[[Longview, Texas|Longview]]/[[Jacksonville, Texas]] || [[KOOI]] || 106.5 FM || [[Alpha Media]] || |- |[[San Antonio, Texas]] || [[KJXK]] || 102.7 FM || [[Alpha Media]] || |- |[[Victoria, Texas]] || [[KTXN-FM]] || 98.7 FM || Broadcast Equities Texas ||Operated by [[Townsquare Media]] |- |[[Aberdeen, Washington]] || [[KSWW]]/K263BE || 102.1 FM HD2/100.5 FM || Jodesha Broadcasting || |- |[[Seattle, Washington]] || [[KJAQ]] || 96.5 FM || iHeartMedia || |- |[[Wenatchee, Washington]] || [[KKRV]]/K232ED || 104.7 FM HD3/94.3 FM || [[Alpha Media]] || |- |[[Neenah, Wisconsin|Neenah]]/[[Menasha, Wisconsin]] || [[WYDR]] || 94.3 FM || Midwest Communications || |- |[[Rhinelander, Wisconsin]] || [[WRHN]] || 100.1 FM || NRG Media || Debuted September 1, 2015 |- |[[Hudson, Wyoming]] || [[KTUG]] || 105.1 FM || MORCOM Bdcstg || Debuted November 1, 2016 |- |[[Rock Springs, Wyoming]] || [[KSIT]] || 99.7 FM || WyoRadio || Debuted January 1, 2017 |- |[[Vista West, Wyoming|Vista West]]/[[Casper, Wyoming]] || [[KRVK]] || 107.9 FM || [[Townsquare Media]] || |} ==== Former stations ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Location !! Call sign !! Frequency !! Owner !! Notes |- | [[Mobile, Alabama]] || [[WDLT-FM|WYOK]] || 104.1 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || Switched format to [[Contemporary hit radio|CHR]] as WABD in February 2012, now [[Urban AC]] as WDLT-FM. |- | [[Kodiak, Alaska]] || [[KVOK-FM|KRXX]] || 101.1 FM || Kodiak Island Broadcasting || Now as a [[hot AC]] format. |- |[[Bakersfield, California]] || [[KRJK]] || 97.3 FM || Buck Owens Broadcasting || Switched format to [[country music]] on October 14, 2016 |- ||[[Chico, California]] || [[KHEX]] || 100.3 FM || Huth Broadcasting || Switched format to [[classic country]] on March 2, 2017 |- | [[Fresno, California]] || [[KMJ-FM|KFJK]] || 105.9 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || Switched to a simulcast of [[KMJ (AM)|KMJ]] in March 2009 |- | [[Palm Springs, California]] || [[KJJZ|KAJR]] || 95.9 FM || RM Broadcasting || Switched format to [[Soft adult contemporary|soft AC]] in 2010 |- | [[Sacramento, California]] || [[KYRV|KQJK]] || 93.7 FM || [[iHeartMedia]] || Switched format to [[classic rock]] on April 3, 2017 |- | [[San Diego, California]] || [[KFBG (FM)|KFMB-FM]] || 100.7 FM || [[Tegna, Inc.]] || Dropped most pre-2000 titles in early 2014, assuming a [[modern rock]] format but retaining the branding. Switched to [[mainstream rock]] on January 4, 2016, as "KFM-BFM". Returned to adult hits in December 2018 and changed call letters to [[KFBG (FM)|KFBG]] in April 2020. |- |rowspan="2"| [[Denver, Colorado]] || [[KJAC]] || 105.5 FM || NRC Broadcasting || Switched format to [[sports talk]] in 2012 as an affiliate of [[ESPN Radio]], and currently features a [[Adult album alternative|AAA]] format. Was the first station in the United States to license the "Jack FM" brand. |- | [[KFCO|KDHT-FM]] || 107.1 FM || [[Max Media]] || Switched format to [[modern rock]] in 2014, then to [[classic hip hop]]. |- | [[Steamboat Springs, Colorado]] || [[KIDN-FM]] || 95.9 FM || AlwaysMountainTime || Switched format to [[Hot adult contemporary|hot AC]] in 2010 |- | [[Seaford, Delaware]] || [[WSUX (AM)|WSUX]] || 1280 AM || Seaford Media || Switched to Spanish-language programming in August 2017 |- | [[Jacksonville, Florida]] || [[WPLA (FM)|WWJK]] || 107.3 FM || [[iHeartMedia]] || Rebranded as "107.3 Jacksonville" on April 18, 2017, then rebranded again as "107.3 The River" on May 26, 2017 |- | [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]] || [[WBMX (FM)|WJMK]] || 104.3 FM || [[CBS Radio]] || Switched format to [[classic hits]] on March 14, 2011 |- | [[Effingham, Illinois]] || [[WHQQ]] || 98.9 FM || [[Cromwell Radio Group]] || Switched format to [[sports talk]] in 2014 |- | [[Peoria, Illinois]] || [[WZPN|WHPI]] || 101.1 FM || Advanced Media Partners, LLC || Switched format to [[sports talk]] on June 6, 2018, as an affiliate of [[ESPN Radio]], assuming the WZPN callsign from [[WHPI|96.5]] on June 26, 2018. Was a simulcast of that frequency until September 2020, when WHPI became a simulcast of [[Contemporary hit radio|CHR]] station [[WPIA]]. |- | [[Evansville, Indiana]] || [[WJPS|WEJK]] || 107.1 FM || The Original Company || Switched format to [[classic hits]] in 2014 |- | [[Indianapolis]], [[Indiana]] || [[WJJK]] || 104.5 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || Switched format to [[classic hits]] in September 2006, then dropped the Jack FM brand that December |- | [[Vincennes, Indiana]] || [[WFML]] || 96.7 FM || The Vincennes University Foundation || Switched format to [[adult contemporary]] on April 2, 2017 |- | [[Davenport, Iowa]] || [[KQCJ]] || 93.9 FM || Virden Broadcasting || Switched format to [[alternative rock]] on April 22, 2020 |- | [[Larned, Kansas]] || [[KGBK|KSOB]] || 96.7 FM || Rocking M Media || Dropped the branding in favor of [[Bob FM]] in 2007. Switched to [[classic country]] in 2013. |- |[[Lexington, Kentucky]] || [[WVLK-FM|WLXX]] || 101.5 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || Switched to country September 4, 2020 |- |[[Louisville, Kentucky]] || [[WXMA]] ||102.3 FM ||[[Alpha Media]] ||Switched format to [[soft adult contemporary]] on August 30, 2022 |- | [[Lake Charles, Louisiana]] || [[KBIU]] || 103.3 FM || [[Cumulus Media]] || Switched format to [[adult contemporary]] on March 23, 2012 |- |[[Kalamazoo, Michigan]] || [[WZOX]] || 96.5 FM || Midwest Communications || Switched format to [[Contemporary hit radio|CHR]] in 2021 |- | [[Jackson, Mississippi]] || [[WJXN-FM]] || 100.9 FM || Flinn Broadcasting Corporation || Switched to classic country on March 1, 2014. Re-debuted February 19, 2021, before Alpha Media's LMA expired in January 2023 in favor of Air 1 |- ||[[West Plains, Missouri]] || [[KSPQ]] || 93.9 FM || Missouri Ozark Radio Network || Switched format to [[classic rock]] on April 1, 2016 |- | [[Holdrege, Nebraska]] || [[KMTY]] || 97.7 FM || Legacy Communications, LLC || Switched format to [[country music|country]] on June 17, 2013 |- | [[Imperial, Nebraska]] || [[KADL]] || 102.9 FM || Armada Media - McCook, Inc. || Switched format to [[classic hits]] on April 1, 2024 |- | [[Las Vegas, Nevada]] || [[KXQQ-FM|KKJJ]] || 100.5 FM || [[CBS Radio]] || Switched to a simulcast of [[KXNT (AM)|KXNT]] in August 2010 |- |[[Buffalo, New York]] || [[WBUF]] || 92.9 FM || [[Townsquare Media]] || Reverted to [[mainstream rock]]/[[active rock]] in November 2020. |- | [[New York, New York]] || [[WCBS-FM]] || 101.1 FM || [[CBS Radio]] || Reverted to [[classic hits]] on July 12, 2007. The Jack FM format was moved to 101.1-HD2, dropped the branding in 2008 for "Tony FM", and eventually was dropped altogether in 2012. |- | [[Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]] || [[KKNG-FM|KOJK]] || 97.3 FM || [[Tyler Media]] || Flipped to [[Country music|country]] on March 8, 2010, then to [[Catholic]] programming on February 28, 2013 |- | rowspan="2"| [[Worthington, Ohio]] || [[WTOH|WJKR]] || 98.9 FM || [[Salem Media Group]] || Format switched to [[talk radio]] following an ownership change on November 1, 2012. The Jack FM format and call letters resurfaced in July 2013 at the former [[WJKR|WMNI-FM]]. |- || [[WJKR]] || 103.9 FM || North American Broadcasting || Format switched to [[country radio]]. |- | [[Apollo, Pennsylvania]] || [[WJFA|WXJX]] || 910 AM || LHTC Media, Inc. || Format switched to oldies on February 9, 2021. |- | [[Johnstown, Pennsylvania]] || [[WKGE]] || 850 AM || Zip2, LLC || License cancelled on August 7, 2024. |- | [[Latrobe, Pennsylvania]] || [[WJFG|WCNS]] || 1480 AM || LHTC Media, Inc. | Format switched to oldies on February 9, 2021. |- | [[Philipsburg, Centre County, Pennsylvania|Philipsburg, Pennsylvania]] || [[WLGJ|WPHB]] || 1260 AM || Matt Lightner | Switched format to [[classic country]] on January 3, 2023 |- | [[Pierre, South Dakota]] || [[KLXS-FM]] || 95.3 FM || Riverfront Broadcasting LLC || Switched format to [[Country music|country]] in 2012. |- |[[Greenville, South Carolina]] || [[W258CB]] || 99.5 FM || [[SummitMedia]] || Switched format to [[classic hits]] in 2021. |- |rowspan="2"| [[Knoxville, Tennessee]]<br />([[Maryville, Tennessee|Maryville]]/[[Norris, Tennessee|Norris]]) || [[WDKW|WQJK]] || 95.7 FM || [[Midwest Communications]] || Dropped the format in August 2012 in favor of [[Contemporary hit radio|CHR]], then [[active rock]], and currently is [[classic country]]. |- | [[WFGW|WRJK]] || 106.7 FM || Blue Ridge Broadcasting Company || Ended a WQJK simulcast in February 2012 when the station was leased, then sold, to the [[Billy Graham Evangelistic Association]] and assumed a [[Contemporary Christian Music|CCM]] format. |- | |[[Amarillo, Texas]] || [[KPRF]] || 98.7 FM || [[Townsquare Media]] || Switched format to [[classic rock]] on June 29, 2017. Currently operates with classic hits. |- | [[Bryan, Texas]] || [[KVLX|KJXJ]] || 103.9 FM || Brazos Valley Communications, LTD. || Switched format to [[mainstream rock]] on September 20, 2010. |- |[[Holliday, Texas]] |[[KWFB (FM)|KWFB]] |100.9 FM |Falls Radio, LLC |Switched from [[Bob FM]] to simply 100.9 FM on February 8, 2022. Switched to the international Jack FM name on March 6, 2022. Switched format to Santa FM for the holiday season, then finally reverting back to the [[Bob FM]] name and format on January 1, 2024. |- | [[Houston, Texas]] || [[KHJK]] || 103.7 FM || [[Educational Media Foundation]] || Switched format to [[Adult album alternative|AAA]] in May 2009. Sold by Cumulus Media to Educational Media Foundation in 2012, which operates it today as an [[Air 1]] affiliate. |- | [[Midland, Texas|Midland]]/[[Odessa, Texas]] || [[KFZX]] || 102.1 FM || ICA Communications || Switched format to [[classic rock]] in 2010 |- | [[Salt Lake City, Utah]] || [[KLO-FM|KJQN]] || 103.1 FM || KLO Broadcasting || Switched to a simulcast of [[KMES|KLO]] in 2012, then to [[adult contemporary]], and currently is [[classic hits]]. |- | [[Richmond, Virginia]] || [[WJSR]] || 100.9 FM || SummitMedia || Switched format to [[classic hits]] in March 2021. |- | [[Fisher, West Virginia]] || [[WQWV]] || 103.7 FM || Thunder Associates, LLC || Switched format to [[classic hits]] in 2019 |- | |[[Westover, West Virginia]] || [[WZST]] || 100.9 FM || Spectrum Radio || Switched format to [[conservative talk]] in 2025 |- | [[Wheeling, West Virginia]] || [[WRQY|WYJK]] || 96.5 FM || FM Radio Licenses || Switched format to [[sports talk]] and [[active rock]] in 2014 |- |[[Park Falls, Wisconsin]] || [[WPFP]] || 980 AM || Civic Media || Rebranded to "103.1 Trail Mix" in February 2024 |- |[[Wausau, Wisconsin]] || [[WOZZ]] || 94.7 FM || [[Midwest Communications|WRIG, Inc.]] || Switched format to [[active rock]] in July 2024 |} ===United Kingdom=== In the UK, the [[Jack FM (United Kingdom)|Jack FM stations]] were initially licensed to OXIS Media in 2007 by Sparknet Communications in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://radiotoday.co.uk/2015/03/oxis-acquires-jackfm-brand-rights-in-europe/|title = Oxis acquires JACKfm brand rights in Europe|date = March 26, 2015}}</ref> OXIS Media, who manage the brand, was set up by Clive Dickens, Ian Walker, Donnach O’Driscoll and Adrian Robinson, who had been involved with establishing Virgin Radio<ref name="Story - JACK Radio Group">{{Cite web|url=https://www.jack.radio/the-story/|title=Story}}</ref> (now Absolute). A number of local stations were set up, with the stations being individually run by Passion Radio in Oxfordshire or Madejski Communications Limited elsewhere. By 2021, the Oxfordshire stations were run by JACK Media Oxfordshire Ltd,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jackfm.co.uk |title = JACKfm}}</ref> a division of the JACK Radio Group/JACK Media,<ref>Interview with Dick Stone, Chief Content Officer at Jack Media, by Datshiane Navanayagam on The Media Show, BBC Radio 4 broadcast on 3 November 2021, and repeated in vision on the BBC News channel</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001154c|title = BBC Radio 4 - the Media Show, Who's been listening?}}</ref> with the others by JACK Media National Ltd, with the JACK Radio Group being ultimately run by OXIS Media Ltd.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jack.radio |title = JACK Radio Group}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unionjack.co.uk/ |title=Union JACK Radio |access-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-date=November 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126152826/https://www.unionjack.co.uk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Discontinued: * JACKfm ([[Oxford, Oxfordshire|Oxford]], [[Oxfordshire]] – previously [[106 Jack FM (Oxfordshire)|106 Jack FM]]) launched on October 18, 2007 – rebranded to [[Greatest Hits Radio]] on October 30, 2023. * JACK2 Hits (launched as Jack FM 2 in Oxfordshire in August 2013) – closed down October 29, 2023. * JACK3 Chill (launched in May 2017 as Jack FM 3) – rebranded to [[Hits Radio]] on October 30, 2023. * Union JACK Radio (broadcasting nationwide on DAB, a music station with comedy clips) (owner Jack Radio National went into administration). * Union JACK Dance (broadcasting nationwide on DAB, a dance music station) (owner Jack Radio National went into administration). * Union JACK Rock (broadcasting nationwide, playing only British rock music tracks) (owner Jack Radio National went into administration). * JACK Radio (broadcasting nationwide on DAB, a music station playing only tracks by female artists, which was launched in 2018 and lasted for two years, until the slot was given over to Union JACK Dance).<ref name="Story - JACK Radio Group" /> * [[Hertfordshire]] – 106 Jack FM (Hertfordshire), existed from May 10, 2010, until rebranded as [[BOB fm (Hertfordshire)|Bob FM Hertfordshire]] on March 10, 2014. * [[Bristol]] – 106 Jack FM (Bristol) launched at 6:00 am December 2, 2009, with no prior warning, following a staged on-air argument and station hijacking of [[Original 106.5 (Bristol)|Original 106.5]] the previous day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/news/Mike-Ford-row-Bristol-DJ-launches-new-radio-station/article-1567360-detail/article.html |title=Mike Ford 'row' with Bristol DJ launches new radio station |work=[[Bristol Evening Post]] |date=December 2, 2009 |access-date=2009-12-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105155122/http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/news/Mike-Ford-row-Bristol-DJ-launches-new-radio-station/article-1567360-detail/article.html |archive-date=January 5, 2010 }}</ref> Rebranded on April 1, 2015, to [[Sam FM (Bristol)|Sam FM]].<ref name="radiotoday.co.uk"/> * [[Swindon|Swindon, Wiltshire]] – [[Jack FM (Swindon)|Swindon]] – (previously More Radio) launched at 06:00 a.m. on May 28, 2012, rebranded on April 1, 2015, to [[Sam FM (Swindon)|Sam FM]].<ref name="radiotoday.co.uk"/> * [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] – [[107 JACK fm (Berkshire)|107 Jack FM (Berkshire)]] – (previously Reading 107) launched on March 2, 2014, the same day as the Reading Half Marathon, rebranded to Sam FM and The Breeze in August 2017 * [[Hampshire]] – 106 Jack FM (South Coast) – (previously The Coast 106), launched on July 4, 2011, rebranded on April 1, 2015, to [[Sam FM (South Coast)|Sam FM]] it returned to [[Digital Audio Broadcasting|DAB]] as Jack FM In 2016<ref name="radiotoday.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://radiotoday.co.uk/2015/03/celadors-jack-stations-to-become-sam-fm/|title=Celador's JACK stations to become Sam FM|date=March 27, 2015}}</ref> ===Austria=== * [[Vienna]] – Radio 8 ===Russia=== * [[Moscow]] – [[KEKC (Russia)|KEKC]] 89.9 * [[Saint Petersburg]] – [[KEKC (Russia)|KEKC]] 91.1 ==See also== * [[:Category:Lists of radio stations|Jack]] * [[Bob FM]] * [[BOB fm (Hertfordshire)|BOB fm Hertfordshire]] * [[Hank FM]] * [[Nash (brand)|Nash FM]], a peer specializing in country music * [[Frank FM]], a similar station ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.jack.fm/ Sparknet Communication: JACK FM website] * [http://www.sparknetcommunications.com/ SparkNet Communication website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080630205530/http://sparknetcommunications.com/ |date=June 30, 2008 }} {{Jack FM Radio stations}} {{Westwood One}} [[Category:Jack FM stations|*]] [[Category:Adult hits radio stations]] [[Category:Franchised radio formats]] [[Category:Adult hits radio stations in the United States]] [[Category:Triton Media Group]] [[Category:2000s fads and trends]]
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