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Jon McBride
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{{Short description|American astronaut (1943β2024)}} {{About|the astronaut|the film director|Jon McBride (filmmaker)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2024}} {{Infobox astronaut |name = Jon McBride |image = Mcbride-ja.jpg |birth_name = Jon Andrew McBride |birth_date = {{birth date|1943|8|14}} |birth_place = [[Charleston, West Virginia]], U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2024|8|7|1943|8|14}} |death_place = |education = [[West Virginia University]]<br>[[Naval Postgraduate School]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])<br>[[Pepperdine University]] |awards = [[Legion of Merit]]<br>[[Defense Superior Service Medal]]<br>[[Air Medal]] |type = [[NASA astronaut]] |rank = [[Captain (United States O-6)|Captain]], [[United States Navy|USN]] |time = 8d 5h 23m |selection = [[NASA Astronaut Group 8|NASA Group 8 (1978)]] |mission = [[STS-41-G]]<br>[[STS-61-E]] (never flew) |insignia = [[File:STS-41-G patch.png|55px]] [[File:STS-61-E patch.png|55px]] |retirement = May 12, 1989 }} '''Jon Andrew McBride''' (August 14, 1943 β August 7, 2024) was an American [[United States Navy|naval officer]], [[test pilot]], [[astronaut]] and administrator for [[NASA]]. Throughout his career with the [[United States Navy]], McBride served as an [[aviator]], a [[fighter pilot]], a test pilot, and an [[aeronautical engineer]]. He had achieved the rank of captain when he retired in 1989. McBride was an astronaut with NASA, a role in which he piloted [[STS-41-G]], and would have been commander of [[STS-61-E]] had the mission not been [[Canceled Space Shuttle missions| canceled]] as the next scheduled launch in the wake of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|''Challenger'' disaster]]. ==Early life, education and personal life== Jon McBride was born on August 14, 1943, in [[Charleston, West Virginia]].<ref name="NASA">{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/mcbride_jon.pdf |title=Jon A. Mcbride (Captain, USN, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (Former) |publisher=NASA |date=July 2008 |access-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-date=August 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806184132/https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/mcbride_jon.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> When he was still a young child, his family moved to [[Beckley, West Virginia]],<ref name="CharlestonGM-Obit">{{cite news |last1=Steelhammer |first1=Rick |title=Jon McBride, veteran, governor candidate, state's first astronaut, dies at age 80 |url=https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/kanawha_valley/jon-mcbride-veteran-governor-candidate-states-first-astronaut-dies-at-age-80/article_34e2807a-566f-11ef-8b66-abb3ea2a018a.html |access-date=August 10, 2024 |work=[[Charleston Gazette-Mail]] |date=August 10, 2024 |language=en}}</ref> which he considered to be his hometown. In 1960, he graduated from Beckley's [[Woodrow Wilson High School (Beckley, West Virginia)|Woodrow Wilson High School]], then attended [[West Virginia University]] from 1960β1964 and received a [[Bachelor of Science]] degree in [[Aeronautical Engineering]] from the U.S. [[Naval Postgraduate School]] in 1971. He did graduate work in [[Human Resource Management]] at [[Pepperdine University]]. At West Virginia University, McBride became a member of the [[Phi Delta Theta]] fraternity.<ref name="NASA"/> McBride was married to the former Brenda Lou Stewart in 1966.<ref name="Obituary" /> They had three children, Richard M. (1962β1992),<ref>{{cite web |title=Richard M. McBride, LT, USN |url=https://usnamemorialhall.org/index.php/RICHARD_M._MCBRIDE,_LT,_USN |website=U.S. Naval Academy Virtual Memorial Hall |publisher=U. S. Naval Academy |access-date=May 30, 2022 |archive-date=October 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030174830/https://usnamemorialhall.org/index.php/RICHARD_M._MCBRIDE,_LT,_USN |url-status=live }}</ref> Melissa L. (1966), and Jon A. (1970).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.spaceacts.com/starship/seh/mcbride.htm |title=McBride's children |access-date=April 29, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923052145/http://www.spaceacts.com/STARSHIP/seh/mcbride.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> After their divorce in 1986, he married the former Sharon Lynn White in 1988, which also ended in divorce in 2019.<ref name="Obituary" /> ==Military career== McBride's naval service began in 1965 with flight training at [[Naval Air Station Pensacola]] in [[Florida]].<ref name="NYT-1984" /> After being designated a [[Naval Aviator|naval aviator]] and receiving his [[United States Aviator Badge|wings]] in August 1966, he was assigned to Fighter Squadron 101 ([[VF-101]]) based at [[Naval Air Station Oceana]] in [[Virginia]] for training on the [[F-4 Phantom II]] aircraft. He was subsequently assigned to Fighter Squadron 41 ([[VFA-41|VF-41]]) where he served three years as a [[fighter pilot]] and division officer. He also served tours with [[VFA-11|VF-11]] and [[VFA-103|VF-103]]. While deployed in Southeast Asia, McBride flew 64 [[Aerial warfare|combat missions]] during the [[Vietnam War]].<ref name="NASA" /> He attended the [[U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School]] (Class 75A) at [[Edwards Air Force Base]] in [[California]] before reporting to Air Test and Development Squadron Four ([[VX-4]]) at [[Naval Air Station Point Mugu]] in California, where he served as a maintenance officer and [[AIM-9 Sidewinder|Sidewinder]] project officer. He flew over 40 different types of [[military]] and [[civilian]] aircraft and piloted the Navy "Spirit of '76" bicentennial-painted [[F-4J Phantom]] in various [[air show]]s during 1976, 1977, and 1978. He held [[Federal Aviation Administration]] ratings which included [[Commercial pilot license|civilian commercial pilot certificate]] (multi-engine), instrument, and [[Glider (sailplane)|glider]], and he previously served as a certified flight instructor.<ref name="NASA" /> He logged over 8,800 hours of flying timeβincluding 4,700 hours in [[jet aircraft]] and over 600 [[Aircraft carrier|carrier]] landings.<ref name="NASA" /> ==NASA career== [[File:STS 41-G crew photo taken on the flight deck of the Challenger during flight - STS41G-19-006.jpg|thumb|right|McBride (bottom left) with the crew of the STS-41-G mission]] Selected as [[NASA Astronaut Group 8|an astronaut candidate by NASA in January 1978]], McBride became an astronaut in August 1979,<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ross-Nazzal |first=Jennifer |title=Legacy of the 35 New Guys |journal=Houston History |issn= 2165-6614 |volume=6 |issue=1 |date=Fall 2008 |url=https://historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov/JSCHistoryPortal/history/HouHistory/HoustonHistory-Fall08.pdf |access-date=October 5, 2020 }}</ref> the first astronaut from West Virginia.<ref name="Register-Herald Obit" /><ref name="CharlestonGM-Obit" /> His NASA assignments included lead [[Chase plane|chase pilot]] for the maiden voyage of [[Space Shuttle Columbia|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'']], [[software]] verification in the [[Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory]], capsule communicator for [[STS-5]], [[STS-6]], and [[STS-7]], flight data file manager, and [[orbital rendezvous]] procedures development.<ref name="NASA" /> McBride was the pilot of [[STS-41-G]], which launched from [[Kennedy Space Center]] in Florida, on October 5, 1984, aboard the Orbiter [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]. This was the first crew of seven, at the time the largest crew ever sent into space.<ref name="NYT-1984">{{cite news |title=LARGEST CREW EVER SENT INTO SPACE BLENDS INTEREST IN FLIGHT AND SCIENCE |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/10/06/us/largest-crew-ever-sent-into-space-blends-interest-in-flight-and-science.html |access-date=August 10, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 6, 1984}}</ref> During their eight-day mission, crew members deployed the [[Earth Radiation Budget Satellite]], conducted scientific observations of the Earth with the OSTA-3 pallet and Large Format Camera, and demonstrated potential satellite refueling with an [[Extravehicular activity|EVA]] and associated [[hydrazine]] transfer. The mission duration was 197 hours and concluded with a landing at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, on October 13, 1984.<ref name="NASA" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Dumoulin |first1=Jim |title=NASA mission summary 41-G (13) |url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/41-g/mission-41-g.html |publisher=NASA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329234114/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/41-g/mission-41-g.html |archive-date=March 29, 2013 |format=by web.archive.org, the [[Wayback Machine]] |date=June 29, 2001}}</ref> McBride was scheduled to fly again in March 1986 as the commander of [[Cancelled Space Shuttle missions|STS-61-E]]. This flight was one of several deferred by NASA in the wake of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|''Challenger'' accident]] in January 1986.<ref name="NASA" /><ref name="STS-61E">{{cite web |last1=Evans |first1=Ben |title=In the Shadow of Challenger: The Lost Mission of STS-61E (Part 1) |url=https://www.americaspace.com/2013/03/09/in-the-shadow-of-challenger-the-lost-mission-of-sts-61e-part-1/ |website=www.americaspace.com |access-date=August 10, 2024 |date=March 9, 2013}}</ref> [[File:STS-61-E crew.jpg|thumb|left|McBride (sitting in the middle), as commander of never flown STS-61-E spaceflight]] On July 30, 1987, McBride was assigned to [[NASA Headquarters]] to serve as assistant administrator for Congressional Relations, with responsibility for NASA's relationship with the [[United States Congress]], and for providing coordination and direction to all headquarters and field center communications with congressional support organizations. He held this post from September 1987 through March 1989. In 1988, McBride was named to command the crew of the [[STS-35]] (ASTRO-1) mission, scheduled for launch in March 1990, but chose to retire from NASA instead.<ref name="NASA" /><ref name="STS-61E"/> ==Post-NASA career== ===Business career=== In May 1989, McBride retired from NASA and the U.S. Navy to pursue a business career. He moved to [[Lewisburg, West Virginia]], where he became [[President (corporate title)|president]] and [[Chief Executive Officer|chief executive officer]] of the Flying Eagle Corporation, a venture capital firm,<ref name="CharlestonGM-Obit" /> and president of the Constructors' Labor Council of West Virginia, a group representing heavy and highway construction contractors.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AbxDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1318,2382238&dq=flying+eagle+jon+mcbride&hl=en|title=Jon McBride|date=May 10, 1996|work=Williamson Daily News|page=5A|access-date=May 8, 2012|archive-date=August 8, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808162405/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AbxDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1318,2382238&dq=flying+eagle+jon+mcbride&hl=en|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Political career=== [[1996 West Virginia gubernatorial election|In 1996]], he unsuccessfully vied for the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nomination for [[Governor of West Virginia]], losing to [[Cecil H. Underwood]].<ref name="CharlestonGM-Obit" /><ref name="RozellWilcox1997">{{cite book|last1=Rozell|first1=Mark J.|last2=Wilcox|first2=Clyde|title=God at the Grass Roots, 1996: The Christian Right in the American Elections|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ExrbUtDV1zYC&pg=PA246|access-date=May 8, 2012|year=1997|publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]]|isbn=9780847686117|pages=246β}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Markham |first1=Gailyn |title=Two historic markers dedicated in Beckley |url=https://www.wvva.com/2023/10/25/two-historic-markers-dedicated-beckley/ |access-date=August 10, 2024 |work=[[WVVA]] |date=October 25, 2023 |language=en |quote=The first is a tribute to Jon McBride, a NASA astronaut and space shuttle pilot. McBride graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School more than 60 years ago, and, in 1996, he tried to join the state's political scene when he put his name in the hat for the Republican nomination for governor. He lost the race to Cecil Underwood.}}</ref> <!-- In subsequent years, he left West Virginia to pursue business opportunities in [[Arizona]]. --> ===Kennedy Space Center and retirement=== By 2008, McBride was retired and living near [[Cocoa, Florida]]. According to a short interview on September 20, 2017, during a "Meet an Astronaut" event, he was also actively working on improving the Space Shuttle Experience ride. He had proposed to assist in the development of a landing sequence for the ride.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/f_launchexp.html|title=NASA β Space Shuttle Launch Experience|last=KSC|first=Jeff Stuckey|website=www.nasa.gov|language=en|access-date=September 22, 2017|archive-date=July 30, 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050730004244/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/f_launchexp.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Tapscott, Sean. Personal interview with Jon A. McBride. September 20, 2017.</ref> McBride remained active supporting the "Lunch with an Astronaut" program at Kennedy Space Center until 2020 when he announced his retirement from duty at the visitors complex.<ref>{{cite news|title=NASA astronaut Jon McBride retires from Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex|first1=Emre|last1=Kelly|publisher=Florida Today|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/story/tech/science/space/2020/01/10/nasa-astronaut-jon-mcbride-retires-kennedy-space-center/4434856002/|date=January 10, 2020|access-date=January 16, 2023|archive-date=January 17, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117013743/https://www.floridatoday.com/story/tech/science/space/2020/01/10/nasa-astronaut-jon-mcbride-retires-kennedy-space-center/4434856002/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2009-03-16/travel/kennedy.space.center.tourism_1_shuttle-astronauts-shuttle-launch-experience-international-space-station?_s=PM:TRAVEL|title=Astronaut encounters at Kennedy Space Center|last=Ogintz|first=Eileen|date=March 16, 2009|work=[[CNN]]|access-date=May 8, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312182054/http://articles.cnn.com/2009-03-16/travel/kennedy.space.center.tourism_1_shuttle-astronauts-shuttle-launch-experience-international-space-station?_s=PM:TRAVEL|archive-date=March 12, 2012}}</ref> On September 23, 2011, the NASA [[Independent Verification and Validation Facility]] (IV&V) in [[Fairmont, West Virginia]], dedicated a NASA software laboratory to McBride, a West Virginia native. The laboratory's official name is the Jon McBride Software Testing and Research Laboratory, or JSTAR. JSTAR is NASA IV&V's environment for adaptable testing and simulation, designed to enhance tools and methods used to critically assess mission and safety critical software across NASA's missions. The lab supports end-to-end testing on mission flight software through the application of analytical rigor to reduce the threat of software-related mission failure.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jon McBride Software Testing and Research (JSTAR) |url=https://www.nasa.gov/jon-mcbride-software-testing-and-research-jstar/ |publisher=NASA |access-date=August 10, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=New NASA Software Laboratory in West Virginia Named in Honor of Former Astronaut Jon A. McBride |url=https://spacenews.com/new-nasa-software-laboratory-in-west-virginia-named-in-honor-of-former-astronaut-jon-a-mcbride/ |website=[[SpaceNews]] |access-date=August 10, 2024 |date=September 22, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Obituary" /> ==Death== Jon McBride died on August 7, 2024, at the age of 80, just a week before his 81st birthday.<ref name="Obituary">{{cite web |title=Astronaut Jon McBride, early NASA space shuttle pilot, dies at 80 |url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-080724a-nasa-astronaut-jon-mcbride-obituary.html |website=Collect Space |access-date=August 8, 2024 |archive-date=August 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808162535/http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-080724a-nasa-astronaut-jon-mcbride-obituary.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Register-Herald Obit">{{cite news |last1=Patton |first1=Andy |title=West Virginia's first astronaut, Beckley native, Jon McBride dies at 80 |url=https://www.register-herald.com/news/local_news/west-virginia-s-first-astronaut-beckley-native-jon-mcbride-dies-at-80/article_d7a1fdca-567b-11ef-97c5-8ba22dc18859.html |access-date=August 10, 2024 |work=[[The Register-Herald]] |date=August 9, 2024 |location=Beckley, WV |language=en}}</ref> ==Organizations== *[[Association of Naval Aviation]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[Veterans of Foreign Wars]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[American Legion]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[Society of Experimental Test Pilots]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[Phi Delta Theta]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[National Honor Society]]<ref name="NASA" /> *West Virginia University Engineering Visiting Committee ([[Chairman]], 1990β1992) <ref name="NASA" /> *[[University System of West Virginia]] Board of [[Trustee]]s (1992β1995) <ref name="NASA" /> *Co-Chairman (with wife), [[American Cancer Society]] fund-raising (State of [[West Virginia]]) 1990 <ref name="NASA" /> *Executive Committee, [[Boy Scouts of America]]<ref name="NASA" /> *President, [[Association of Space Explorers]] (USA) (1997β1998) <ref name="NASA" /> * Executive Committee, Association of Space Explorers (Co-President, 1995β1996) <ref name="NASA" /> *[[March of Dimes]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[American Red Cross]] Disaster Relief <ref name="NASA" /> *Shawnee Hills Mental Health Group <ref name="NASA" /> ==Awards and honors== *[[Legion of Merit]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[Defense Superior Service Medal]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[Air Medal]]s (3) <ref name="NASA" /><ref name="NYT-1984" /> *[[Navy Commendation Medal]] with [[Combat V]]<ref name="NASA" /><ref name="NYT-1984" /> *[[Navy Unit Commendation]]<ref name="NASA" /><ref name="NYT-1984" /> *[[National Defense Service Medal]]<ref name="NASA" /><ref name="NYT-1984" /> *[[Vietnam Service Medal]]<ref name="NASA" /><ref name="NYT-1984" /> *[[NASA Space Flight Medal]]<ref name="NASA" /> *[[West Virginia Secretary of State]]'s "State Medallion" and appointed "West Virginia Ambassador of Good Will Among All Men" (1980)<ref name="NYT-1984" /><ref name="NASA" /> *[[Honorary degree|Honorary Doctorate]] in [[Aerospace Engineering]] from [[Salem International University|Salem College]] (1984) <ref name="NASA" /> *Honorary Doctorate of Science from [[West Virginia University]] (1985) <ref name="NASA" /> *Honorary Doctorate of Science from [[University of Charleston]] (1987) <ref name="NASA" /> *Honorary Doctorate of Science from [[West Virginia University Institute of Technology|West Virginia Institute of Technology]] (1987) <ref name="NASA" /> *West Virginia Society's "Son-of-the-Year" (1988), City of Beckley <ref name="NASA" /> *West Virginia "Hall of Fame" <ref name="NASA" /> *Distinguished Alumni; West Virginia University (1988) <ref name="NASA" /> *West Virginia's "Honorary [[Italian-American]]" (1988) <ref name="NASA" /> *[[Kanawha County, West Virginia]]'s "Famous Person Award" (1988) <ref name="NASA" /> *West Virginia Broadcasters' "Man-of-the-Year" (1989) <ref name="NASA" /> *City of Hope's "Spirit of Life Award Winner" (1991) <ref name="NASA" /> *[[Daughters of the American Revolution]] "Medal of Honor" (1993) <ref name="NASA" /> *West Virginia Aviation Hall of Fame (2014)<ref>{{cite web |title=Captain Jon A. McBride |url=https://transportation.wv.gov/aeronautics/hof/Pages/JAMcBride.aspx |website=WV Aviation Hall of Fame |publisher=West Virginia Department of Transportation |access-date=August 10, 2024 |language=en |date=2014}}</ref> ==See also== {{Portal|Biography|Spaceflight}} * [[List of spaceflight records]] {{Clear}} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{NASA |article=Jon A. Mcbride (Captain, USN, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (Former) |url=https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/mcbride_jon.pdf?emrc=f72afa |access-date=August 8, 2024 }} ==External links== {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020330191342/http://www.astronautix.com/astros/mcbride.htm Astronautix biography of Jon McBride] * [http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/mcbride_jon.htm Spacefacts biography of Jon McBride] * [http://www.spaceacts.com/STARSHIP/seh/mcbride.htm McBride at Spaceacts] ({{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923052145/http://www.spaceacts.com/STARSHIP/seh/mcbride.htm |date=September 23, 2018 }}) * {{C-SPAN|14201}} {{NASA Astronaut Group 8}} {{Use American English|date=January 2014}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:McBride, Jon}} [[Category:1943 births]] [[Category:1984 in spaceflight]] [[Category:2024 deaths]] [[Category:American aerospace engineers]] [[Category:American astronaut-politicians]] [[Category:American business executives]] [[Category:American commercial aviators]] [[Category:Aviators from West Virginia]] [[Category:Businesspeople from Charleston, West Virginia]] [[Category:Military personnel from Beckley, West Virginia]] [[Category:NASA people]] [[Category:Naval Postgraduate School alumni]] [[Category:Military personnel from Charleston, West Virginia]] [[Category:People from Cocoa, Florida]] [[Category:Pepperdine University alumni]] [[Category:Recipients of the Air Medal]] [[Category:Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal]] [[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Merit]] [[Category:Space Shuttle program astronauts]] [[Category:U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni]] [[Category:United States Naval Aviators]] [[Category:United States Navy astronauts]] [[Category:United States Navy captains]] [[Category:United States Navy personnel of the Vietnam War]] [[Category:University System of West Virginia trustees]] [[Category:West Virginia Republicans]] [[Category:West Virginia University alumni]] [[Category:Woodrow Wilson High School (Beckley, West Virginia) alumni]] [[Category:Phi Delta Theta members]] [[Category:Businesspeople from Beckley, West Virginia]] [[Category:Politicians from Beckley, West Virginia]] [[Category:Politicians from Charleston, West Virginia]]
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