Editing Labna

{{Short description|Maya archeological site in the Puuc region, Yucatán}}
{{For|the milk product known as ''labna''|Strained yogurt}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox ancient site
| name           = Labna
| alternate_name = 
| image          = Labna arco W.jpg
| image_size     = 300px
| alt            = 
| caption        = The Gateway Arch of Labna
| map            = 
| map_type       =
| map_alt        = 
| map_caption    = 
| map_size       = 
| relief         = 
| coordinates    = 
| map_dot_label  = 
| location       = 
| region         = 
| built          = 862 AD (according to inscriptions)
| abandoned      =
| epochs         = Late Classic to Terminal Classic.
| cultures       = [[Maya civilization]]
| event          = 
| excavations    = 
| archaeologists =
| condition      = 
| architectural_styles = 
| architectural_details = 
| notes          = 
  {{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
  |child = yes
  |Official_name = Pre-Hispanic Town of Uxmal
  |ID = 791
  |Year = 1996
  |Criteria = Cultural: i, ii, iii
  }}
}}
'''Labna''' (or '''Labná''' in [[Writing system of Spanish|Spanish orthography]]) is a [[Mesoamerica]]n [[archaeological site]] and ceremonial center of the [[pre-Columbian]] [[Maya civilization]], located in the [[Puuc]] Hills region of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]. It is situated to the south of the large Maya site of [[Uxmal]], in the southwest of the present-day state of [[Yucatán (state)|Yucatán]], Mexico. Labna, [[Sayil]] and [[Kabah (Maya site)|Kabah]] were incorporated with [[Uxmal]] as a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]] in 1996.

== History ==
The city existed from 200 to 1000 AD. It reached its peak in the period from 800 to 1000 AD. It undoubtedly had a complex social organization and shares style and decorative elements with other cities in the region ([[Uxmal]], [[Sayil]], Kabah). It is estimated that about 3,000 inhabitants lived in Labna.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=Labná|url=https://lugares.inah.gob.mx/es/inicio/expertos/1889-labn%C3%A1.html|website=Lugares INAH|access-date=2024-10-02|language=es}}</ref>

The first written report of Labna was by [[John Lloyd Stephens]] who visited it with artist [[Frederick Catherwood]] in 1842. Thanks to this, drawings illustrating the state of the ruins from that period have also been preserved.<ref name=drawings>{{cite web |title=Labná – łuk zapomniany na 600 lat|url=https://merwinski.pl/labna-luk-zapomniany-na-600-lat/|website=Merwinski.pl|last=Merwiński |first=Tomasz |author-link=Tomasz Merwiński|access-date=2024-10-02|language=pl}}</ref>

[[File:Labná by Catherwood.jpg|thumb|The Labna Arch sketched by Catherwood]]

== Archeological Zone ==
The site is a comparatively small and compact one. Among its notable structures is a large two-storey 'palace' (''"El Palacio"''), which is one of the longest contiguous structures in the [[Puuc]] region at approximately 120&nbsp;m (393.7&nbsp;ft) in length. From the palace, a ceremonial road (''[[sacbe]]'') extends to an elaborately decorated gateway arch (''"El Arco"''). This structure is 3&nbsp;m (9.8&nbsp;ft) wide and 6 m high, with well-reserved [[bas-relief]]s. The arch is not an entrance to the city, but rather is a passageway between public areas.<ref name="Labna :: The Mayan Kingdom">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090201100211/http://mayans.particlebook.com/#/get/page_id/62/Labna/ Labná :: The Mayan Kingdom]</ref> Next to this gateway stands ''"El Mirador"'', a [[Mesoamerican pyramid|pyramid-like]] structure surmounted by a temple. A part of the same site is the Temple of the Columns.

The structural design and motifs of the site's buildings are in the [[Maya architecture]] regional style known as ''[[Puuc]]''. This makes extensive use of well-cut stone forming patterns and depictions, including masks of the long-nosed rain-god [[Chaac]].

The site was built in the [[Mesoamerican chronology|Late and Terminal Classic era]]. A date corresponding to AD 862 is inscribed in the palace.

The site is open to visitors.

== References ==
As the relations between India and Mexico are warming up, India has recently unveiled a replica of the Arch at Garden of Five Senses, New Delhi as a goodwill gesture.

== Gallery ==
<gallery widths="160" heights="140" perrow="5">
File:Frieze on The Arch (22006024862).jpg|Detail on the Arch of Labna
File:2002.12.29 01 Labná Yucatán México.jpg|The Palace of Labna
File:2002.12.29 07 Labná Yucatán México.jpg
File:Labna-04-Palast-1980-gje.jpg
File:Labna 01.JPG|Detail on the Palace of Labna – [[Chaac]] mask
File:Labna Palace- Human Materializing from Vision Serpent - 9790326086.jpg|Detail on the Palace of Labna – [[Vision Serpent]]
File:Labná 20.JPG|El Mirador temple
File:Labna-16-Pyramide-Palisaden-1980-gje.jpg
</gallery>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331195738/http://www.millsaps.edu/miiar/fieldwork_mexico.shtml Labna-Kiuic Regional Archaeological Project]
*[http://academic.reed.edu/uxmal/ Labná web site at Reed College]. Over 300 19th–21st century photographs of Labná.
{{Coord|20|10|21|N|89|34|44.40|W|type:landmark|display=title}}.

{{Maya sites}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Maya sites in Yucatán]]
[[Category:Maya Classic Period]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Yucatán]]