Editing Lamego

{{Infobox Portuguese subdivision
| type            = municipality
|official_name      = 
|image_flag         = Pt-lmg1.png
|flag_border        = no
|image_shield       = LMG.png
| image_skyline           = {{Photomontage
| photo1a                 = Lamego - Sé de Lamego.jpg
| photo1b                 = Lamego - Chafariz dos Remédios (2).jpg
| photo2a                 = Lamego - Portugal (243753560).jpg
| photo2b                 = Lamego - Castelo de Lamego (cropped).jpg
| photo2c                 = Reaching the gates II (5044586005).jpg
| photo3a                 = Nini Andrade Silva - Aquapura Doudo Valley web 01 (6010244000).jpg
| spacing                 = 2
| position                = center
| color_border            = white
| color                   = white
| size                    = 280
| foot_montage            = 
}}
|image_location     = LocalLamego.svg
|region             = [[Norte Region, Portugal|Norte]]
|CIM                = [[Douro (intermunicipal community)|Douro]]
|district           = [[Viseu District|Viseu]]
|parishes           = [[#Human geography|18]]
|leader_name        = Francisco Lopes
|leader_party       = [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD-CDS]]
|coordinates        = {{coord|41|6|3|N|7|48|36|W|type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
|elevation          = 644
|elevation_min      = 
|elevation_max      = 
|area_total         = 165.42
|population_as_of   = 2011
|population_total   = 26,691
|patron             = [[Blessed Virgin Mary|Santa Maria Maior]]
|postal_code        = 5100 
|area_code          = 
|website            = {{website|http://www.cm-lamego.pt}}
}}

'''Lamego''' ({{IPA|pt-PT|lɐˈmeɣu|lang|Pt-pt Lamego FF.ogg}}; {{langx|cel-x-proto|Lamecum}}) is a city and municipality in the [[Viseu District]], in the [[Norte Region, Portugal|Norte Region]] of the [[Douro Subregion|Douro]] in northern [[Portugal]]. Located on the shores of the [[Balsemão River]], the municipality has a population of 26,691,<ref name=ine>[http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xlang=en&xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0005889&contexto=pi&selTab=tab0 Instituto Nacional de Estatística]</ref> in an area of 165.42&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=dgt>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/ |title=Áreas das freguesias, concelhos, distritos e país |access-date=2018-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105172426/http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/ |archive-date=2018-11-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

With origins before the Roman occupation of the [[Iberian Peninsula]], Lamego is known for its historic city center, having a long history as a principal city of the former [[Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Province]]. Legend holds that the first [[Portuguese Cortes]] were held in Lamego, in 1143. The [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamego]] is based in the city center.

==Etymology==
The toponymic name ''Lamego'' was derived from ''Lamaecus'', a [[Hispano-Celtic]] and Roman derivative referring to owners of agrarian titles in the 3rd century around the local castle.<ref name="CMHistoria">{{cite web|title=Lamego - Raízes Históricas|url=http://www.cm-lamego.pt/|editor=Câmara Municipal|location=Lamego, Portugal|publisher=Câmara Municipal de Lamego|year=2011|access-date=9 June 2011|language=pt}}</ref><ref>M. Gonçalves da Costa (1977), p.45</ref>

==History==
[[File:Lamego - Castelo de Lamego (1).jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Castelo de Lamego|Lamego Castle]], with origins in the 5th century.]]
The area around Lamego was inhabited by [[Ligures]] and [[Turduli]], and during the Roman presence it was occupied by [[Coelerni]], which left behind several monuments.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Due to the placement of the castle, it is likely that a [[Castro culture|castro]] originally existed on the site. During the ''Inquirições'' (''Inventory/Enquiries'') of King Afonso (during the 13th century) there was reference to the Castro de Lameco, referred to as a medieval fortification.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Destroyed by the Romans, the inhabitants were forced to descend into the valley and cultivate the land, as part of the Roman reorganization of the land.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

===Middle Ages===
Lamego became Catholic when the [[Visigoth]]ic king [[Rekared I]] converted to Catholicism. In 569, during the Council of Lugo, there appeared references to Sardinário the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamego|Bishop of Lamego]].<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the reign of Sisebuto (612-621), the Visigothic monarch coined currency from Lamego, indicating the importance of the region to commerce and culture.

Just outside the city center is the tiny 7th century [[São Pedro de Balsemão]] Chapel, a [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] chapel believed to be the oldest in Portugal (and second oldest in Europe).<ref name=CMHistoria/>

The region alternated between Christian and Muslim hands during the early [[Reconquista]] Period. The city was first conquered by [[Alfonso I of Asturias]] in 741,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Menéndez Pidal |first1=Ramón |title=PRIMERA CRÓNICA GENERAL. ESTORIA DE ESPAÑA DE ALFONSO X|url=https://www.boe.es/biblioteca_juridica/abrir_pdf.php?id=PUB-LH-2022-258|date=1906 |publisher=Biblioteca Digital de Castilla y León |page=357 |edition=2022 |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref> and repopulated in 868 by [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso III]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Menéndez Pidal |first1=Ramón |title=PRIMERA CRÓNICA GENERAL. ESTORIA DE ESPAÑA DE ALFONSO X|url=https://www.boe.es/biblioteca_juridica/abrir_pdf.php?id=PUB-LH-2022-258|date=1906 |publisher=Biblioteca Digital de Castilla y León |page=406 |edition=2022 |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref> It fell into Islamic hands briefly again during the late 10th century, until [[Ferdinand I of León and Castile]] conquered the region definitively on 29 November 1057. As a consequence the bishopric was moved after these events (to later be restored in 1071).<ref name=CMHistoria/>

In 1128, the nascent national Egas Moniz, had his tenancy in Lamego while his residence was in [[Britiande]], as master of the Riba–Douro, between [[Vila Nova de Paiva|Paiva]] and [[Távora (Santa Maria e São Vicente)|Távora]] (in addition to the lands of Côa).<ref name=CMHistoria/>
[[File:Lamego, Sé-PM 33447.jpg|thumb|left|The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption, built in 1129.]] 
The most significant moment in the town's history was in 1139, when nobles declared [[Afonso Henriques]] to be Portugal's first king. The town's Gothic cathedral was built by him, although only the [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] tower is left from the original building, with its carved Renaissance portal and fine cloister dating from the 16th and 18th centuries. The 12th-century castle preserves a fine keep and a very old and unusual [[cistern]] with [[monogram]]s of master masons.

King [[Sancho I of Portugal|Sancho I]] issued a charter of independence in 1191, as the local community grew around two poles: the ecclesiastical parishes of Sé and Castelo.<ref name=CMHistoria/> In 1290, King [[Denis of Portugal|Denis]] provided a market charter to the city, attracting merchants from [[Crown of Castile|Castile]] and [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]] with their oriental spices and textiles.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

Lamego had a privileged positioned on the routes from western Iberia, as a transit point within the settlements of the Além-Douro, [[Braga]] and [[Guimarães]], from [[Alcântara, Lisbon|Alcântara]] and [[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]] to [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] and [[Seville]].<ref name=CMHistoria/> It was also one of the preferred routes on the ''Saint James Way'' pilgrimage to [[Santiago de Compostela]]. But, two events changed the economic and social circumstances in the region: the conquest of Granada which drove the last of the Moors from the Peninsula; and the discovery of the maritime connection to India, which resulted in a slow decline for the region.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

===Early modern era===
[[File:Lamego remedios.jpg|thumb|right|190px|Sanctuary of Our Lady of Remédios, built in 1750.]]
[[Manuel I of Portugal]] issued a [[foral]] (''charter'') in 1514. Also in the 16th century, Manuel de Noronha (one of the more notable prelates of Lamego) was appointed the Bishop of Lamego, occupying the role for the next 18 years and referred to the ''"great builder"'', responsible for the cult of ''Nossa Senhora dos Remédios'' (''Our Lady of Remedies'').<ref name=CMHistoria/>

In the 17th and 18th century, the ''solares'' (''country estates'') were slowly constructed in Lamego, resulting from the wine commerce down the Douro.

The economic growth of [[viticulture]] along the Douro resulted in the issuance of a writ by [[Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal]], to designate the area as the ''Região Demarcada do Douro'' and the establishment of the ''Companhia Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro'' (''General Company of the Wine Agriculture of the Upper Douro'').<ref name=CMHistoria/>

In 1835, Lamego was the capital of the district, but lost this title to Viseu (December 1835), under the authority of the King's Minister [[Luís Mouzinho de Albuquerque]]. 
In 1919, in an attempt to restore the monarchy, Lamego became the capital of the district for 24 days.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

During the second half of the 19th century, during the presidency of the Viscount of Guedes Teixeira, Lamego begins a process of modernization with the construction of new avenues.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

After the establishment of the [[Portuguese First Republic|First Republic]], during the presidency of Alfredo de Sousa, Lamego undergoes a new phase of building, including the construction a bridge over the Coura River.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

==Twin towns – sister cities==
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Bouchemaine]], France

==Geography==
===Climate===
Lamego has a [[Mediterranean climate]] with some continental influence; with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The nearest weather station is located in Bigorne, almost {{convert|400|m|abbr=on}} higher in altitude, and having cooler temperatures as such. While snowfalls in the city may happen usually no more than once or twice per year, the surrounding mountains often experience significantly more.

{{Weather box
|location = Bigorne, Lamego, 1961-1990, altitude: ~ {{convert|970|m|abbr=on}}, precipitation 1981-2019
|metric first = yes
|single line = Yes

|Jan high C = 6.9
|Feb high C = 7.9
|Mar high C = 10.0
|Apr high C = 12.1
|May high C = 15.3
|Jun high C = 20.3
|Jul high C = 23.9
|Aug high C = 24.1
|Sep high C = 21.3
|Oct high C = 15.4
|Nov high C = 10.1
|Dec high C = 7.6
|year high C =

|Jan mean C = 3.6
|Feb mean C = 4.4
|Mar mean C = 6.0
|Apr mean C = 7.7
|May mean C = 10.5
|Jun mean C = 14.9
|Jul mean C = 17.6
|Aug mean C = 17.7
|Sep mean C = 15.7
|Oct mean C = 11.2
|Nov mean C = 6.6
|Dec mean C = 4.3
|year mean C =

|Jan low C = 0.3
|Feb low C = 0.9
|Mar low C = 2.0
|Apr low C = 3.3
|May low C = 5.7
|Jun low C = 9.4
|Jul low C = 11.2
|Aug low C = 11.4
|Sep low C = 10.1
|Oct low C = 7.0
|Nov low C = 3.0
|Dec low C = 0.9
|year low C =

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 195.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 156.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 115.7
|Apr precipitation mm = 150.9
|May precipitation mm = 114.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 46.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 16.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 30.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 91.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 192.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 203.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 266.3
|year precipitation mm =

|source 1 = [[IPMA]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Plano de Gestão da Região hidrográfica do Douro |url=https://apambiente.pt/sites/default/files/_SNIAMB_Agua/DRH/PlaneamentoOrdenamento/PGRH/2010-2015/PTRH1/PGRH_1_RH1_Parte2.pdf |publisher=APA |access-date=25 June 2021 |pages=136}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=SNIRH > Dados de Base |url=https://snirh.apambiente.pt/snirh/_dadosbase/site/janela_relatorio.php?sites=920686152&pars=1436794570&tmin=01/05/1981&tmax=26/06/2021 |website=snirh.apambiente.pt}}</ref>
}}

===Human geography===
{{Historical populations
|title = Population Growth<br><small>(1849 - 2011)</small>
| 1801 | 14688
| 1849 | 20240
| 1900 | 31835
| 1930 | 34730
| 1960 | 36320
| 1981 | 32833
| 1991 | 30164
| 2001 | 28081
| 2011 | 26691
}}
Administratively, the municipality is divided into 18 civil parishes (''[[freguesia (Portugal)|freguesias]]''):<ref>{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 60|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |access-date=24 July 2014|author=Diário da República|author-link=Diário da República|language=pt}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Lamego (Almacave e Sé)
* Avões
* Bigorne, Magueija e Pretarouca
* [[Britiande]]
* [[Cambres]]
* Cepões, Meijinhos e Melcões
* Ferreirim
* Ferreiros de Avões
* Figueira
* [[Lalim]]
* [[Lazarim]]
* Parada do Bispo e Valdigem
* Penajóia
* Penude
* Samodães
* Sande
* Várzea de Abrunhais
* Vila Nova de Souto d'El-Rei
{{div col end}}

==Economy==
[[File:Lamego Mata Remedios.jpg|thumb|left|Our Lady of Remédios Park.]]
The principal activities in this region are tied to the service sector, with commerce and agriculture also representing an important part of the economy. In particular [[viticulture]], since the municipality (and other municipalities in the region) have been designated as part of the ''Denominação de Origem Controlada'' (DOC), a control used to classify wine products as a locally produced product of origin, for national and international marketing.

Lamego has a large shopping centre, with approximately 30 main shops, three malls of medium-size and several small traditional shops. Industrial activities are concentrated in the industrial zone in the parish of Várzea de Abrunhais. Local textiles are also promoted but tend to be small-scale production runs, with few medium- to large-companies involved in mass-production. The Portuguese Army's [[Special Operations Troops Centre|Special Operations]] regiment is also based in Lamego.<ref name="CTOE">{{cite web|url= https://www.exercito.pt/pt/quem-somos/organizacao/ceme/cft/brigrr/ctoe|title=Centro de Tropas de Operações Especiais |access-date=20 May 2025|publisher=Exército Português}}</ref> 

The tourist sector is primarily associated with the monuments and religious buildings, and has been a growing part of the local economy. The extension of the A24 motorway has been important in attracting more visitors and businesses to the region.

==Culture==
[[File:Cine-teatro1.jpg|thumb|right|Ribeiro Conceição Theatre.]]
Lamego is considered one of the principal cities of the [[Baroque architecture in Portugal|Portuguese Baroque]], for its numerous churches, palaces, and civic buildings. The city is the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamego]] and has a cathedral.

The following cultural institutions are based in Lamego:
*Ribeiro Conceição Theatre
*Lamego City Museum
*Lamego Municipal Library
*Lamego Image Archive
*Clav'Art
*APC - Amigos Pela Cultura
*ArqDoc – Lamego Document Archive

The film ''[[Abraham's Valley]]'' (1993) is set in and around Lamego.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ikoJpHRBItkC&q=%22Abraham%27s+Valley%22+lamego&pg=PT93|title=Manoel de Oliveira|first=Randal|last=Johnson|date=June 1, 2007|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252074424|via=Google Books}}</ref>

== Sports ==
[[S.C. Lamego|Sporting Clube de Lamego]], founded on 4 June 1934 as the branch number 63 of [[Sporting CP|Sporting Clube de Portugal]] (Sporting CP),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Filiais do Sporting |url=https://www.dn.pt/dossiers/desporto/sporting/as-casas-do-sporting/filiais-do-sporting-1004270.html/ |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=Diário de Notícias |language=pt}}</ref> is the major sports club in Lamego.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Sporting de Lamego perto de acabar |url=https://www.jornaldocentro.pt/noticias/detalhe/56662 |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=www.jornaldocentro.pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sc Lamego |url=https://www.fpf.pt/pt/Clubes/Detalhe-de-clube/Club/1334 |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=FPF |language=pt-PT}}</ref>

==Notable people==
[[File:GentilGuedesGomes.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Gentil Guedes Gomes]]
*[[Manuel Rodrigues Lamego]] (born ca.1590) a [[Marrano]] merchant and slave trader active in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas.
*[[António de Mendonça]] (1600–1675) [[Patriarchate of Lisbon|Archbishop of Lisbon]], from 1670 to 1675. 
*[[Manuel Pinto da Fonseca]] (1681–1773) a nobleman, the [[List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller|68th Grand Master]] of the [[Knights Hospitaller|Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John]], from 1741 to 1773.
*[[Diogo de Carvalho e Sampayo]] (1750–1807) a nobleman, magistrate, diplomat and scientist. 
* [[:pt:José Augusto Guedes Teixeira|José Augusto Guedes Teixeira, (Wiki PT)]]  (1843-1890) Civil Governor of Porto District
* [[:pt:Fausto Guedes Teixeira|Fausto Guedes Teixeira, (Wiki PT)]] (1871-1940) contemplative and melancholic lyric poet 
*[[Emília de Sousa Costa]] (1877-1959) a teacher, feminist and writer of novels 
* [[:pt:Gentil Guedes Gomes|Gentil Guedes Gomes, (Wiki PT)]] (1896-1970) lawyer, poet and writer 
*[[Fernando Amaral|Fernando Monteiro de Amaral]] (1925-2009) 7th [[List of Presidents of the Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)|President of the Assembly of the Republic]] 
*[[Mário Lemos Pires]] (1930-2009) Major-general of the [[Portuguese Army]] and last Governor of [[Portuguese Timor]] 
*[[João Botelho]] (born 1949) film director.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0098439/  João Botelho, IMDb Database] retrieved 23 August 2021.</ref>
*Antônio Rodrigues de Alvarenga (1550-1614), nobleman
=== Sport ===
*[[José Maria Pedroto]]  (1928-1985) footballer for [[F.C. Porto|Porto]] with 227 club caps and 17 for [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]
*[[Álvaro Magalhães]] (born 1961) footballer for [[S.L. Benfica|Benfica]] with 293 club caps and 20 for [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]
*[[Jorge Silva (footballer, born 1972)|Jorge Silva]] (born 1972) a retired footballer with 382 club caps
*[[Chico Silva (footballer, born 1978)|Chico Silva]] (born 1978) a retired footballer with 311 club caps
*[[Gonçalo Santos]] (born 1986) a footballer with over 290 club caps

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
;Sources
* {{citation|last=Costa|first=M. Gonçalves da|title=História do Bispado e cidade de Lamego|location=Lamego, Portugal|year=1977|volume=1|language=pt}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Lamego}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/vitor107/sets/72057594053369396/ Photos from Lamego]
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Lamego|short=x}}

{{Municipalities of Viseu}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Lamego| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Portugal]]
[[Category:Populated places in Viseu District]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Viseu District]]