Editing Leap year starting on Wednesday

{{Short description|none}}
A '''leap year starting on Wednesday''' is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes [[29 February]]) that begins on [[Wednesday]] 1 January and ends on [[Thursday]] 31 December. Its [[dominical letter]]s hence are '''ED'''. The most recent year of such kind was [[2020]], and the next one will be [[AD 2048|2048]] in the [[Gregorian calendar]], or likewise, [[2004]] and [[2032]] in the obsolete [[Julian calendar]], see below for more.<ref name="math">{{cite web|url=https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/calendar/isocalendar.htm |author=Robert van Gent |title=The Mathematics of the ISO 8601 Calendar |publisher=Utrecht University, Department of Mathematics |date=2017 |access-date=20 July 2017}}</ref>

Any leap year that starts on [[Wednesday]] has two [[Friday the 13th]]s: those two in this leap year [[March 13|occur in March]] and [[November 13|November]]. [[Common years starting on Thursday]] share this characteristic, but also have another [[February 13|in February]].

[[Leap year starting on Sunday|Leap years starting on Sunday]] also share a similar characteristic to this type of leap year, three [[Friday the 13th]]'s have a three month gap between them, the former two being in [[Common year starting on Tuesday|the common year preceding this type of leap year]], those being [[September]] and [[December]], and the latter being in this type of year, that being [[March]]. [[Leap year starting on Sunday|Leap years starting on Sunday]] share this by having [[January]], [[April]] and [[July]] three months apart from each other.

This is the only leap year with three occurrences of [[Friday the 13th #Friday the 17th in Italy|Friday the 17th]]: those three in this leap year occur three months (13 weeks) apart: [[January 17|in January]], [[April 17|April]], and [[July 17|July]]. [[Common year starting on Sunday|Common years starting on Sunday]] share this characteristic, in the months of February, March, and November.

From [[August]] of the [[Common year starting on Tuesday|common year preceding that year]] until [[October]] in this type of year is also the longest period (14 months) that occurs without a [[Friday the 13th #Tuesday the 13th in Hispanic and Greek culture|Tuesday the 13th]], as in 2019-20. [[common year starting on Saturday|Common years starting on Saturday]] share this characteristic, from [[July]] of the year that precedes it to [[September]] in that type of year, as in 2021-22.

This year has four months (February, March, August and November) which begin on a weekend-day.

==Calendars==
<!-- To avoid arbitrary years, use the most recent year of this type. 2020 was the most recent year of this type. -->
{{calendar|year=2020|show_year=off|title=Calendar for any [[leap year]] starting on Wednesday,<br />presented as common in many English-speaking areas}}

{{calendar|year=2020|show_year=off|format=iso|row=3|zero=0|title=[[ISO 8601]]-conformant calendar with [[ISO week date|week numbers]] for<br />any leap year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter ED)}}

==Applicable years==
===Gregorian Calendar===
Leap years that begin on Wednesday, along with those [[Leap year starting on Tuesday|starting on Tuesday]], occur at a rate of approximately 14.43% (14 out of 97) of all total leap years in a 400-year cycle of the [[Gregorian calendar]]. Thus, their overall occurrence is 3.5% (14 out of 400).

For this kind of year, the corresponding ISO year has 53 weeks.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Gregorian leap years starting on Wednesday<ref name=math/>
!scope=row| Decade
! 1st !! 2nd !! 3rd !! 4th !! 5th !! 6th !! 7th !! 8th !! 9th !! 10th
|- style="opacity: 0.5;"

! style="background:#efefef;"| [[16th century]]
| colspan="9" | ''prior to first adoption (proleptic)''|| [[1592]]
|-
![[17th century]]
|
|
|[[1620]]
|
|[[1648]]
|
|
|[[1676]]
|
|
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[18th century]]
| || [[1716]] || || || [[1744]] || || || [[1772]] || || 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[19th century]]
| || [[1812]] || || [[1840]] || || || [[1868]] || || || [[1896]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[20th century]]
| [[1908]] || || || [[1936]] || || || [[1964]] || || || [[1992]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[21st century]]
| || || [[2020]] || || [[AD 2048|2048]] || || || [[2076]] || || 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[22nd century]]
| || [[2116]] || || || [[2144]] || || || [[2172]] || ||
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[23rd century]]
| || [[2212]] || || [[2240]] || || || [[2268]] || || || [[2296]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[24th century]]
| [[2308]] || || || [[2336]] || || || [[2364]] || || || [[2392]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[25th century]]
| || || [[2420]] || || [[2448]] || || || [[2476]] || || 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[26th century]]
| || [[2516]] || || || [[2544]] || || || [[2572]] || ||
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[27th century]]
| || 2612 || || [[2640s|2640]] || || || [[2668]] || || || [[2696]]
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ 400-year cycle
|-
! 0–99
| 20 || 48 || 76 ||
|-
! 100–199
| 116 || 144 || 172 ||
|-
! 200–299
| 212 || 240 || 268 || 296
|-
! 300–399
| 308 || 336 || 364 || 392
|}

===Julian Calendar===
Like all leap year types, the one starting with 1 January on a Wednesday occurs exactly once in a [[solar cycle|28-year cycle]] in the Julian calendar, i.e. in 3.57% of years. As the Julian calendar repeats after 28 years that means it will also repeat after 700 years, i.e. 25 cycles. The year's position in the cycle is given by the formula ((year + 8) mod 28) + 1).

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Julian leap years starting on Wednesday
!scope=row| Decade
! 1st !! 2nd !! 3rd !! 4th !! 5th !! 6th !! 7th !! 8th !! 9th !! 10th
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[15th century]]
| || [[1416]] || || || [[1444]] || || || [[1472]] || || [[1500]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[16th century]]
| || || [[1528]] || || || [[1556]] || || || [[1584]] || 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[17th century]]
| || [[1612]] || || [[1640]] || || || [[1668]] || || || [[1696]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[18th century]]
| || || [[1724]]|| || || [[1752]]|| || [[1780]]|| || 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[19th century]]
| [[1808]]|| || || [[1836]]|| || || [[1864]]|| || || [[1892]]
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[20th century]]
| || [[1920]]|| || || [[1948]]|| || || [[1976]]|| || 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[21st century]]
| [[2004]]|| || || [[2032]]|| || [[2060]]|| || || [[2088]]||
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"| [[22nd century]]
| || [[2116]]|| || || [[2144]]|| || || [[2172]]|| || [[2200]]
|}

{{Commons category}}

== Holidays ==

=== International ===
* [[Valentine's Day]] falls on a [[Friday]]
* The leap day ([[February 29]]) falls on a [[Saturday]]
* [[Grandparents' Day|World Day for Grandparents and the Elderly]] falls on [[July 26]]
* [[Halloween]] falls on a [[Saturday]]
* [[Christmas Day]] falls on a [[Friday]]

=== Roman Catholic Solemnities ===
* [[Epiphany (holiday)|Epiphany]] falls on a [[Monday]]
* [[Candlemas]] falls on a [[Sunday]]
* [[Saint Joseph's Day]] falls on a [[Thursday]]
* The [[Annunciation of Jesus]] falls on a [[Wednesday]]
* The [[Nativity of John the Baptist]] falls on a [[Wednesday]]
* The [[Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul]] falls on a [[Monday]]
* The [[Transfiguration of Jesus]] falls on a [[Thursday]]
* The [[Assumption of Mary]] falls on a [[Saturday]]
* The [[Exaltation of the Holy Cross]] falls on a [[Monday]]
* [[All Saints' Day]] falls on a [[Sunday]]
* [[All Souls' Day]] falls on a [[Monday]]
* The [[Feast of Christ the King]] falls on [[November 22]] (or on its earliest possible date of [[October 25]] in versions of the calendar between 1925 and 1962)
* The [[First Sunday of Advent]] falls on [[November 29]]
* The [[Immaculate Conception]] falls on a [[Tuesday]]
* [[Gaudete Sunday]] falls on [[December 13]]
* [[Rorate Sunday]] falls on [[December 20]]

=== Australia and New Zealand ===
* [[Australia Day]] falls on a [[Sunday]]
* [[Waitangi Day]] falls on a [[Thursday]]
* [[Daylight saving]] ends on [[April 5]]
* [[ANZAC Day]] falls on a [[Saturday]]
* [[Mother's Day]] falls on [[May 10]]
* [[Father's Day]] falls on [[September 6]]
* Daylight saving begins on [[September 27]] in New Zealand and [[October 4]] in Australia

=== British Isles ===
* [[Saint David's Day]] falls on a [[Sunday]]
* [[Mother's Day]] falls on its earliest possible date of [[March 1]], or on [[March 8]], [[March 15]], [[March 22]] or [[March 29]]
* [[Saint Patrick's Day]] falls on a [[Tuesday]]
* [[Daylight saving]] begins on [[March 29]]
* [[Saint George's Day]] falls on a [[Thursday]]
* [[Father's Day]] falls on its latest possible date, [[June 21]]
* [[Orangeman's Day]] falls on a [[Sunday]]
* Daylight saving ends on its earliest possible date, [[October 25]]
* [[Guy Fawkes Night]] falls on a [[Thursday]]
* [[Saint Andrew's Day]] falls on a [[Monday]]

=== Canada ===
* [[Daylight saving]] begins on its earliest possible date, [[March 8]]
* [[Mother's Day]] falls on [[May 10]]
* [[Victoria Day]] falls on its earliest possible date, [[May 18]]
* [[Father's Day]] falls on its latest possible date, [[June 21]]. This is the only leap year when Victoria Day and Labour Day are 34 days apart. They are 27 days apart in all other leap years.
* [[Canada Day]] falls on a [[Wednesday]]
* [[Labour Day (Canada)|Labour Day]] falls on its latest possible date, [[September 7]] – this is the only leap year when Victoria Day and Labour Day are sixteen weeks apart (they are fifteen weeks apart in all other leap years)
* [[Thanksgiving Day (Canada)|Thanksgiving Day]] falls on [[October 12]]
* Daylight saving ends on its earliest possible date, [[November 1]] -This is the only leap year when Labour Day and the end of Daylight Saving Time are 55 days apart. They are 62 days apart in all other leap years

=== United States ===
* [[Martin Luther King Jr. Day]] falls on [[January 20]]
* [[President's Day]] falls on [[February 17]]
* [[Daylight saving]] begins on its earliest possible date, [[March 8]]
* [[Mother's Day]] falls on [[May 10]]
* [[Memorial Day]] falls on its earliest possible date, [[May 25]]
* [[Juneteenth]] falls on a [[Friday]]
* [[Father's Day]] falls on its latest possible date, [[June 21]]. This is the only leap year when Memorial Day and Father’s Day are 27 days apart. They are 20 days apart in all other leap years. This is also the only leap year when the start of Daylight Saving Time and Father’s Day are 15 weeks apart. They are 14 weeks apart in all other leap years
* [[Independence Day (United States)|Independence Day]] falls on a [[Saturday]]
* [[Labor Day (United States)|Labor Day]] falls on its latest possible date, [[September 7]] – this is the only leap year when Memorial Day and Labor Day are fifteen weeks apart (they are fourteen weeks apart in all other leap years). This is the only leap year when the start of Daylight Saving Time and Labor Day are 183 days apart. They are 176 days apart in all other leap years.
* [[Grandparents' Day]] falls on its latest possible date, [[September 13]]. This is the only leap year when Memorial Day and Grandparent’s Day are 111 days apart. They are 104 days apart in all other leap years. This is also the only leap year when the start of Daylight Saving Time and Grandparent’s Day are 27 weeks apart. They are 26 weeks apart in all other leap years 
* [[Columbus Day]] falls on [[October 12]]
* Daylight saving ends on its earliest possible date, [[November 1]]. This is the only leap year when Labor Day and the end of Daylight Saving Time are 55 days apart. They are 62 days apart in all other leap years. This is also the only leap year when Father’s Day and the end of Daylight Saving Time are 19 weeks apart. They are 20 weeks apart in all other leap years. This is also the only leap year when Grandparent’s Day and the end of Daylight Saving Time are 7 weeks apart. They are 8 weeks apart in all other leap years
* [[Election Day (United States)|Election Day]] falls on [[November 3]], its 2nd earliest election day, only surpassed by [[November 2]]. 
* [[Thanksgiving Day]] falls on [[November 26]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{List of calendars}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Leap Year Starting On Wednesday}}
[[Category:Gregorian calendar]]
[[Category:Wednesday]]