Editing Lebedev Physical Institute

{{Short description|Russian science institute}}
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{{Infobox government agency
|agency_name     = '''Lebedev Physical Institute'''
|nativename      = {{langx|ru|Физи́ческий институ́т имени П.Н.Ле́бедева Российской академии наук (ФИАН)}}
|nativename_a    =
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|logo            = 
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|seal            = 
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|picture       = 2015 (LPI, Moscow).jpg
|picture_width = 270px
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|formed          = 1934
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|headquarters    = 119991, [[Moscow]], [[Leninsky Avenue, Moscow|Leninsky Avenue]], 53
|employees       = 1600
|budget          =   
|chief1_name     = [[:ru:Колачевский, Николай Николаевич|Nikolai Kolachevsky]]
|chief1_position = director
|parent_agency   = [[Russian Academy of Sciences]]
|jurisdiction    = 
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|website         = {{URL|lebedev.ru}} {{in lang|ru}}
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The '''Lebedev Physical Institute''' of the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] ('''LPI RAS''' or just '''LPI''') (in {{langx|ru|Физи́ческий институ́т имени П.Н.Ле́бедева Российской академии наук (ФИАН)}}), situated in Moscow, is a Russian research institute specializing in [[physics]]. The institute was established in its present shape in 1934 by academician [[Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov|Sergey Vavilov]]. It moved to Moscow and was named after a Russian physicist [[Pyotr Lebedev]] the same year. It is also known as '''P. N. Lebedev Institute of Physics''' or just '''Lebedev Institute'''. In Russian it is often referred to by the acronym '''FIAN''' (ФИАН) standing for "Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences". The range of the research activities includes: laser technology, dark matter structure, nanostructures, superconductivity, cosmic rays, and gamma-astronomy. The institute developed a technique of crystallizing [[cubic zirconia]] (which was called ''[[Fianit]]'' in Russia, named after FIAN).

==Directors of the Institute==
# [[Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov|Sergey Vavilov]] (1934&ndash;1951)
# [[Dmitri Skobeltsyn]] (1951&ndash;1972)
# [[Nikolay Basov]] (1973&ndash;1988)
# [[Leonid Keldysh]] (1988&ndash;1994)
# [[Oleg Krokhin]] (1994&ndash;2004)
# [[Gennady Mesyats]] (2004&ndash;2015)
# {{ill|Nikolai Kolachevsky|ru|Колачевский, Николай Николаевич}} (2015&ndash;)

==[[Nobel Prize|Nobel prize]]s awarded to FIAN scientists==
* 1958 — [[Pavel Cherenkov]], [[Igor Tamm]], [[Ilya Frank]]: "for the discovery and the interpretation of the [[Cherenkov radiation|Cherenkov-Vavilov effect]]".
* 1964 — [[Nikolay Basov]], [[Alexander Prokhorov]]: "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the [[maser]]-[[laser]] principle".
* 1975 — [[Andrei Sakharov]] won a [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace Prize]] for his campaigning for human rights.
* 2003 — [[Vitaly Ginzburg]]: "for pioneering contributions to the theory of [[superconductivity|superconductors]] and [[superfluid]]s".

== Facilities ==

The institute has, among other research facilities, a particle accelerator: 1.2 GeV electron synchrotron called "Pakhra", located in [[Troitsk, Moscow|Troitsk]] near Moscow (at the LPI's HEP department). However, the institute is not totally (or even perhaps mainly) focused on accelerator/particle physics, but the scope of the research of the institute contains most of the areas of modern physics.

==Publications of the Institute==
* "Краткие сообщения по физике" {{in lang|ru}}; English version: ''[[Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute]]''
*"Квантовая электроника" {{in lang|ru}}; English translation: ''[[Quantum Electronics (journal)|Quantum Electronics]]'' (formerly ''Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics'')

==Films about the Lebedev Physical Institute==
In 2021 it was released a documentary “Mishik Kazaryan: The Path of an Explorer” (2021) ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WWuZsXSCFxo ). The film (original title «Мишик Казарян: путь Искателя») was directed by Leonid Ioffe. It narrates about the life and work of Professor Mishik Kazaryan, an experimental physicist, laureate of the USSR State Prize, who worked in the Lebedev Physical Institute. The film also allows to immerse into the life of the Lebedev Physical Institute since middle of 1960-s.

==See also==
* {{Ill|A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute|qid=Q16655721}}
* [[Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory]]

==External links==
* [http://www.lebedev.ru/en/ Lebedev Physics Institute official web site]

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[[Category:Physics research institutes]]
[[Category:Universities and institutes established in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Research institutes in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Nuclear research institutes in Russia]]
[[Category:1714 establishments in Russia]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage monuments in Moscow]]