Editing List of document markup languages

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The following is a list of [[document markup language]]s. You may also find the [[List of markup languages]] of interest.

==Well-known document markup languages==
* [[HyperText Markup Language]] (HTML) – an [[ad hoc]] markup language that was originally created for the [[World Wide Web]], took inspiration from the metalanguage [[SGML]], and inspired many other markup languages 
* [[Keyhole Markup Language]] (KML/KMZ) – an [[XML]]-based markup language used to exchange geographic information, originally, for use with [[Google Earth]] and, now also, other map programs<ref>Google Developers: Keyhole Markup Language  [https://developers.google.com/kml/documentation/kmlreference ''KML Reference'']. Accessed on 2013/03/15.</ref>
* [[Markdown]] – a simple, [[plain text]] markup language with multiple implementations, popular on blogs and content management systems<ref>{{cite web|url=http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/ |title=Daring Fireball: Markdown |access-date=2014-04-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040402182332/http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/ |archive-date=2004-04-02 }}</ref>
* [[Mathematical Markup Language]] (MathML) – a part of the [[HTML5]] standard, an XML-based markup language used to describe mathematical notations as well as capturing their structure and content, intended to integrate mathematical formulae in the World Wide Web and other documents
* [[Scalable Vector Graphics]] (SVG) – an XML-based [[vector image format]] for defining two-dimensional graphics that has support for animations and interactive content
* [[TeX]], [[LaTeX]] – a format for describing complex types and page layouts that is often used for mathematical, technical, and academic publications
* [[Wiki markup]] – one of a number of often [[lightweight markup languages]] used on [[wiki]]s such as [[Wikipedia]] or [[WikiWikiWeb]]
* [[Extensible 3D]] (X3D) – a set of graphics file formats for declaratively representing [[3D computer graphics]] that has support for interactive, network-capable content
* [[Extensible HyperText Markup Language]] (XHTML) – a markup language that mirrors HTML, written in the XML syntax
** [[XHTML Basic]] – a subset of XHTML for simple (typically mobile, handheld) devices, meant to replace the [[Wireless Markup Language]] (WML) and [[Compact HTML]] (C-HTML) markup languages, as well as XHTML's own [[XHTML Mobile Profile|Mobile Profile]] (XHTML MP)

=== Metalanguages ===
* [[Standard Generalized Markup Language]] (SGML) – a [[metalanguage]] used to describe markup languages, of which XML and [[DocBook]], as well as versions of HTML prior to [[HTML5]] adhere to
* [[Extensible Markup Language]] (XML) – now the base of hundreds<ref>{{cite web |url= http://xml.coverpages.org/xmlApplications.html |title= XML Applications and Initiatives |editor-first=Robin|editor-last=Cover|website=XML Cover Pages |access-date=16 November 2017}}</ref> of other markup languages and document formats, an [[SGML#Applications|application]] and more restrictive subset of SGML that was designed to be easier to implement than a full SGML parser

==Lesser-known document markup languages==
(including some [[lightweight markup language]]s)
* [[ABC notation]] – markup language for music scores in pure text<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://abcnotation.com/wiki/abc:standard|title = Abc:standard &#91;abc wiki&#93;}}</ref>
* [[Amigaguide]] – the [[Amiga]] hypertext documentation format, including multimedia support
* [[AsciiDoc]] – plaintext markup language similar to Markdown
* [[Chemical Markup Language]] (CML)
* [[C-HTML|Compact HyperText Markup Language]] (C-HTML) – used for some mobile phones
* [[Computable Document Format]] – used for interactive technical documents
* [[ConTeXt]] – a modular, structured formatting language based on TeX
* [[Darwin Information Typing Architecture]] (DITA) – modular open free format for technical and specialized documents
* [[DocBook]] – format for technical (but not only) manuals and documentation
* [[Encoded Archival Description]] (EAD)
* [[Enriched text]] – for formatting e-mail text
* [[GML (disambiguation)#Computing|GML]]
** [[IBM Generalized Markup Language|Generalized Markup Language]] (GML) – the Document Composition Facility (DCF) product provides GMLSS, a starter set of GML tags implemented as a set of [[SCRIPT (markup)|SCRIPT/VS]] macros. 
** [[Geography Markup Language]] (GML)<ref>Open Geospatial Consortium, [http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/gml  "Geography Markup Language"], ''OGC'' accessed on 2013/03/15.</ref><ref>Geography Markup Language is an [[List of International Organization for Standardization standards|ISO standard]] (ISO 19136:2007).</ref>
** Gesture Markup Language (GML)<ref>Gesture Markup Language [http://www.gestureml.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page  ''GestureML Wiki''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310023247/http://www.gestureml.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page |date=2013-03-10 }}. ''Extensible markup language used to define gestures that describe interactive object behavior and the relationships between objects in an application.'' Accessed on 2013/03/15.</ref>
** [[Graffiti Markup Language]] (GML)<ref>Graffiti Markup Language [http://www.graffitimarkuplanguage.com ''Graffiti Markup Language'']. ''Designed to maximize readability and ease of implementation for even hobbyist programmers, artists and graffiti writers.'' Accessed on 2013/03/15.</ref>
* [[GNU TeXmacs]] format – used by the GNU TeXmacs document preparation system<ref>{{Cite web|title=The TeXmacs format|url=https://www.texmacs.org/tmweb/manual/webman-format.en.html}}</ref>
*[[GuideML|Guide Markup Language]] (GuideML) – used by the ''Hitchhiker's Guide'' site<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/ h2g2]</ref>
* [[Handheld Device Markup Language]] (HDML) – designed for smartphones and handheld computers
* [[HelpML|Help Markup Language]] (HelpML)
* [[HyTime|Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language]] (HyTime)
* [[HyperTeX]] – for including hyperlinks in TeX (and LaTeX) documents
* [[Information Presentation Facility]] (IPF) – a system for presenting online help and hypertext on [[IBM]] [[OS/2]] systems, and the default help file format used by the cross-platform [[fpgui|fpGUI Toolkit]] project
* [[Journal Article Tag Suite]] (JATS) – a NISO standard of XML used to describe and publish [[STEM]] scholarly journal articles
* [[LilyPond]] – a system for music notation
* [[LinuxDoc]] – used by the Linux Documentation Project
* Lout – a document formatting functional programming language, similar in style to LaTeX
* [[Maker Interchange Format]] (MIF)
* [[Microsoft Assistance Markup Language]] (MAML)
* [[Music Encoding Initiative]] (MEI)
* [[MusicXML|Music Extensible Markup Language]] (MusicXML)
* [[OMDoc|Open Mathematical Documents]] (OMDoc)
* [[OpenMath]] – a markup language for mathematical formulae which can complement MathML
* [[Parameter Value Language]] – stores mission data in NASA's Planetary Database System
* [[Plain Old Documentation]] (POD) – a simple, platform-independent documentation tool for [[Perl]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://perldoc.perl.org/perlpod.html|title=Perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format - Perldoc Browser}}</ref>
* Pillar – a markup syntax and associated tools to write and generate documentation written in [[Pharo]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ci.inria.fr/pharo-contribution/job/EnterprisePharoBook/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/book-result/PillarChap/Pillar.html |title=Documenting and Presenting with Pillar |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426015100/https://ci.inria.fr/pharo-contribution/job/EnterprisePharoBook/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/book-result/PillarChap/Pillar.html |archive-date=26 April 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[PUB (markup language)|PUB]] – an early [[markup language]] with [[Scripting language|scripting]] support<ref>[http://www.nomodes.com/pub_manual.html PUB Manual]</ref>
* [[Remote Telescope Markup Language]] (RTML)
* [[reStructuredText]] (reSt) – plaintext platform-independent markup used as [[Python (programming language)|Python]] libraries documentation tool, multiple output formats (HTML, LaTeX, ODT, EPUB, ...)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html|title = ReStructuredText|date = 24 May 2016}}</ref>
* [[RTML|Retail Template Markup Language]] (RTML) – e-commerce language which is based on [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]]
* [[Revisable-Form Text]] (RFT) – part of [[IBM]]'s [[Document Content Architecture]] to allow transfer of formatted documents to other systems
* [[S1000D]] – international specification for technical documentation related to commercial or military; aerospace, sea or land; vehicles or equipment
* Scribble – Markup language based on [[Racket (programming language)|Racket]]<ref>{{cite conference |last1=Flatt |first1=M. |last2=Barzilay |first2=E. |last3=Findler |first3=R. B. |title=Scribble: Closing the Book on Ad Hoc Documentation Tools |book-title=International Conference on Functional Programming |year=2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://docs.racket-lang.org/scribble/ |title=Scribble: The Racket Documentation Tool}}</ref>
* [[Scribe (markup language)|Scribe]] – [[Brian Reid (computer scientist)|Brian Reid's]] seminal markup language
* [[SCRIPT (markup)|Script]] – early [[IBM]] markup language on which GML is built
* Semantic, Extensible, Computational, Styled, Tagged markup language (SECST) – a more expressive and semantic alternative to Markdown that also transpiles to HTML<ref>SECST Markup Language [https://secst.org ''SECST Markup Language'']</ref>
* Structured Information, Serialized Units (SiSU) – generalized markup language with several output formats<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sisudoc.org |title=≅ SiSU project sisudoc.org}}</ref>
* [[SKiCal]] – a machine-readable format for the interchange of enhanced yellow-page directory listings
* [[Skriv]] – lightweight markup language
* [[Texinfo]] – GNU documentation format
* [[Text Encoding Initiative]] (TEI) – guidelines for text encoding in the humanities, social sciences and linguistics
* [[Textile (markup language)|Textile]] – plaintext XHTML web text
*[[Time Management Markup Language]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=TMML tutorial|url=https://sites.google.com/view/tmml|access-date=2019-10-29|website=sites.google.com|language=en-US}}</ref> (TMML) – for Time Management and rarely used for mobile alarm in 2008
* [[troff|Typesetter roff]] (troff), [[groff (software)|GNU troff]] (groff)
* [[UDO (markup language)|Universal Document Output]] (UDO) – a lightweight markup language
* [[Wireless Markup Language]] (WML), [[WapTV|Wireless TV Markup Language]] (WTVML)
* [[Extensible Application Markup Language]] (XAML) – an XML based user interface markup language
* Xupl – a C-style equivalent to XML

==Office document markup languages==
* [[Compound Document Format]]
* [[Microsoft Office 2003 XML formats]] – Microsoft's predecessor to the Office Open XML formats
* [[Office Open XML]] (OOXML) – mainly developed by Microsoft, a standardized, open format for office documents that describes of a number of [[XML schema]]s, including the following:
** [[SpreadsheetML]] – a schema for representing spreadsheets and charts
** [[PresentationML]] – a schema for representing presentations
** [[WordprocessingML]] – a schema for representing word processing documents
** [[DrawingML]] – a supporting schema for representing charts, shapes, pictures, tables, diagrams, and document themes<ref name="ECMA376">{{Cite book |url=https://ecma-international.org/wp-content/uploads/ECMA-376-1_5th_edition_december_2016.zip |edition=5th |title=ECMA-376-1:2016: Office Open XML File Formats — Fundamentals and Markup Language Reference |publisher=Ecma-international.org |access-date=8 March 2025}}</ref>{{rp|19}}
* [[OpenDocument]] (ODF) – a standardized, open format for office documents originally conceived by a Technical Committee (TC) under the [[OASIS (organization)|Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards]] (OASIS) industry consortium
* [[OpenOffice.org XML]] – a standardized, open format for office documents and the predecessor of the OpenDocument format
* [[ReportML]] – report format language originating from [[Microsoft Access]] that, as of the 2016 edition, is not yet a part of Office Open XML standard
* [[Rich Text Format]] (RTF) – though not a markup language per se, since it was never meant for intuitive and easy typing, a Microsoft format for exchanging documents with other vendors' applications<ref name="rtf-pocket-scribd">{{citation |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/15490806/RTF-Pocket-Guide-by-OReilly-Media |title=RTF Pocket Guide by O'Reilly Media  |access-date=2010-03-13}}</ref><ref name="rtf-pocket-guide">{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/product-description/0596004753 |title=RTF Pocket Guide |author=Sean M. Burke |website=Amazon UK |date=July 2003 |access-date=2010-03-13}}</ref>
* [[Uniform Office Format]] (UOF) – an open format for office documents that is being harmonised with OpenDocument{{as of when|date=March 2025}}

==See also==
* [[Comparison of document markup languages]]
* [[Comparison of Office Open XML and OpenDocument]]
* [[Lightweight markup language]]
*[[Page description language]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Document markup languages}}

[[Category:Markup languages|*]]
[[Category:Lists of computer languages|Document markup languages]]