Editing List of file formats

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Short description|Historical and current file formats}}
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This is a '''list of file formats''' used by [[computer]]s, organized by type. [[Filename extension]] is usually noted in parentheses if they differ from the [[file format]]'s name or abbreviation. Many [[operating system]]s do not limit filenames to one extension shorter than 4 characters, as was common with some operating systems that supported the [[File Allocation Table]] (FAT) file system. Examples of operating systems that do not impose this limit include [[Unix-like]] systems, and [[Microsoft Windows]] [[Windows NT|NT]], [[Windows 95|95]]-[[Windows 98|98]], and [[Windows Me|ME]] which have no three character limit on extensions for [[32-bit]] or [[64-bit]] applications on [[file system]]s other than pre-Windows 95 and Windows NT 3.5 versions of the FAT file system. Some filenames are given extensions longer than three characters. While MS-DOS and NT always treat the suffix after the last period in a file's name as its extension, in UNIX-like systems, the final period does not necessarily mean that the text after the last period is the file's extension.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfo.org/filename_extension.html|title=Filename extension definition|website=The Linux Information Project|access-date=1 February 2019}}</ref>

Some file formats, such as <code>.txt</code> or <code>.text</code>, may be listed multiple times.

== [[Archive of Our Own|Archive]] and compressed ==
{{Main|List of archive formats}}
* ?Q? – files that are compressed, often by the [[SQ (program)|SQ program]].
* [[7z (file format)|7z]] – 7-zip compressed file
* ACE – [[ACE (compressed file format)|ace]]: ACE compressed file
* ALZ – [[ALZip]] compressed file
* [[ARC (file format)|ARC]] – pre-Zip data compression
* [[ARJ]] – ARJ compressed file
* BZ2 – [[bzip2]]
* [[Cabinet (file format)|CAB]] – A cabinet file is a library of compressed files stored as one file. Cabinet files are used to organize installation files that are copied to the user's system.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd361921.aspx|title=What Is a Cabinet (.cab) File?|publisher=Microsoft|work=microsoft.com}}</ref>
* CPT, SEA – [[Compact Pro]] ([[Macintosh]])
* EGG – Alzip Egg Edition compressed file
* EGT – EGT Universal Document also used to create compressed cabinet files, replaces .ecab
* ECAB, EZIP – EGT Compressed Folder used in advanced systems to compress entire system folders, replaced by EGT Universal Document
* ESS – EGT SmartSense File, detects files compressed using the EGT compression system.
* FLIPCHART – Used in [[Promethean World|Promethean]] Flipchart Software.
* FUN – A FUN file is a file that has been encrypted by Jigsaw ransomware, which is malware distributed by cybercriminals. It contains a file, such as a .JPG, .DOCX, .XLSX, .MP4, or .CSV file, that has been renamed and encrypted by the virus.
* GZ – [[gzip]] Compressed file
* JAR – [[Jar (file format)|jar]] ZIP file with manifest for use with [[Java (programming language)|Java]] applications.
* LAWRENCE – LBR Lawrence Compiler Type file
* LBR – [[LBR (file format)|LBR]] Library file
* LZH – [[LHA (file format)|LHA]] Lempel, Ziv, Huffman
* LZ – [[lzip]] Compressed file
* LZO – [[lzo]]
* LZMA – [[Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm|lzma]] Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm compressed file
* LZX – [[LZX]]
* MBW – MBRWizard archive
* MCADDON - Plugin for [[Minecraft]] Bedrock
* BIN – BIN [[MacBinary]] 
* OAR – OAR: OAR archive
* PAK – Enhanced type of .ARC archive
* PAR, PAR2 – PAR [[Parchive]]
* PAF – PAF Portable Application File
* PEA – PEA PeaZip archive file
* PYK – PYK compressed file
* RAR – [[RAR (file format)|RAR]] Rar Archive, for multiple file archive (rar to .r01-.r99 to s01 and so on)
* RaX – Archive file created by RaX
* SITX – [[StuffIt|SIT]] StuffIt ([[Macintosh]])
* TAR – [[Tar (file format)|TAR]]: group of files, packaged as one file
* WAX – Wavexpress – A ZIP alternative optimized for packages containing video, allowing multiple packaged files to be all-or-none delivered with near-instantaneous unpacking via NTFS file system manipulation.
<!-- tar.xz removed because it is not an archive, it is an archive combination-->
* XZ – xz compressed files, based on [[Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm|LZMA/LZMA2]] algorithm 
* Z – [[Unix]] [[compress]] file
* ZOO – [[zoo (file format)|zoo]]: based on [[LZW]]
* ZIP – [[ZIP (file format)|zip]]: popular compression format

=== Application packages ===
* ABB – [[Android App Bundle]] – is the [[Android (operating system)|Android]] (and [[Android TV]]) application publishing [[file format]] (required by [[Google Play]]) taking over from APK
* APK – [[apk (file format)|Android package]]: Applications installable on [[Android (operating system)|Android]] (also installable in derivatives and e.g. [[Windows 11]]); also a package format of the [[Alpine Linux]] distribution. 
* APPX – Microsoft Application Package (.appx)
* APP – [[App (file format)|HarmonyOS APP Packs]] file format for [[HarmonyOS]] apps installable from [[Huawei AppGallery|AppGallery]] and third party [[OpenHarmony]] based app distribution stores.
* DMG - A format that [[Macintosh]] devices use for all applications third-party applications and some direct [[Apple Inc.]] applications.
* [[deb (file format)|DEB]] – [[Debian]] install package
* HPKG – [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]] application package format
* IPG – Format in which Apple Inc. packages their [[iPod game]]s. Can be extracted through [[Winrar]]
* RPM – [[Red Hat Package Manager|Red Hat]] package/installer for Fedora, [[RedHat Enterprise Linux|RHEL]], and similar systems.
* SIS, SISX – [[SIS (file format)|SIS]]/[[SISX]]: [[Symbian]] Application Package
* XAP – [[Windows Phone]] Application Package

=== Physical recordable media archiving ===
* [[Amiga Disk Format|ADF]] – for archiving [[Amiga]] floppy disks
* ADZ – The GZip-compressed version of ADF.
* B5T – BlindWrite 5 image file
* B6T – [[BlindWrite]] 6 image file
* BWT – BlindWrite 4 image file
* BIN – Raw binary format, often paired with CUE
* CDI – [[DiscJuggler]] image file
* [[CDRWin|CUE]] – CDRWrite CUE image file
* CIF – [[Easy CD Creator]] .cif format
* [[Roxio Creator|C2D]] – Roxio-WinOnCD .c2d format
* [[Direct Access Archive|DAA]] – PowerISO .daa format<!--
* CCD,SUB,IMG – [[CloneCD|CCD,SUB,IMG]]: CloneCD image file removed because CCD and SUB are a file extension for a mapfile for creating and reading .IMG, .IMG is not specific to CloneCD, is already on "Physical recordable media archiving"  -->
* D64 – An archive of a [[Commodore 64]] floppy disk.
* DAA – [[Direct Access Archive|DAA]]: Closed-format, [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]-only compressed disk image
* [[Apple Disk Image|DMG]] – Macintosh disk image files
* [[Disk Masher System|DMS]] – a disk-archiving system native to the Amiga.
* DSK – For archiving floppy disks from a number of other platforms, including the [[ZX&nbsp;Spectrum]] and [[Amstrad CPC]].
* ESD – [[Electronic software distribution|ESD]]: Electronic Software Distribution, a [[Data compression|compressed]] and [[encrypted]] WIM File
* FFPPKG – FreeFire Profile Export Package
* GHO, GHS – GHO [[Norton Ghost]]
* IMG – Raw disk image, for archiving [[DOS]] formatted [[floppy disks]], hard drives, and larger optical media.
* [[ISO image|ISO]] – Generic format for most optical media, including [[CD-ROM]], [[DVD-ROM]], [[Blu-ray]], [[HD DVD]] and [[Universal Media Disc|UMD]].
* [[MDS file|MDS]] – [[Daemon Tools]] native disc image format used for making images from optical CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, HD DVD or Blu-ray. It comes together with MDF file and can be mounted with DAEMON Tools.
* [[MDX file|MDX]] – Daemon Tools format that allows getting one MDX disc image file instead of two (MDF and MDS).
* [[NRG (file format)|NRG]] – Proprietary optical media archive format used by [[Nero AG|Nero]] applications.
* [[System Deployment Image|SDI]] – used for archiving and providing "virtual disk" functionality.
* SWM – Splitted WIM File, usually found on [[OEM]] [[WinRE|Recovery Partition]] to store preinstalled Windows image, and to make Recovery backup (to USB Drive) easier (due to FAT32 limitations)
* TIB – [[TIB (file format)|TIB]] [[Acronis True Image]] backup
* WIM – [[Windows Imaging Format|WIM]] A compressed disk image for installing [[Windows Vista]] or higher, [[Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PC]], or restoring a system image made from Backup and Restore ([[Windows Vista]]/[[Windows 7|7]])

== Other extensions ==
* Msi – Windows installation file
* Vdhx – Virtual disk created by [[Hyper-V]] (Hyper-V runs on [[Microsoft Windows]])

== Computer-aided design ==
''[[Computer-aided]]'' is a prefix for several categories of tools (e.g., design, manufacture, engineering) which assist professionals in their respective fields (e.g., [[machining]], [[architecture]], [[schematics]]).

=== Computer-aided design (CAD) ===
[[Computer-aided design]] (CAD) software assists engineers, architects and other design professionals in project design.
* [[3DXML]] – Dassault Systemes graphic representation
* [[3D Manufacturing Format|3MF]] – [[Microsoft]] 3D Manufacturing Format<ref name="msdn.microsoft.com">{{cite web|url=https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/bg183398.aspx|title=3D printing with Windows 10|publisher=Microsoft|work=microsoft.com}}</ref>
* ACP – VA Software VA – Virtual Architecture CAD file
* AMF – [[Additive Manufacturing File Format]]
* AEC – [[DataCAD]] drawing format<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.datacad.com/update/downloads/RevHist/DataCAD/RevHist.html|title=www.datacad.com – DataCAD Revision History|work=datacad.com}}</ref>
* AEDT – [[Ansys HFSS|Ansys Electronic Desktop]] – Project file
* AR – [[Ashlar-Vellum]] Argon – 3D Modeling
* ART – ArtCAM model
* ASC – [[BRL-CAD]] Geometry File (old ASCII format)
* ASM – [[Solid Edge|Solidedge]] Assembly, Pro/ENGINEER Assembly
* BIN, BIM – [[Data Design System]] DDS-CAD
* BREP – [[Open CASCADE]] 3D model (shape)
* C3D – [[C3D Toolkit]] File Format
* C3P – Construct3 Files
* CCC – CopyCAD Curves
* CCM – CopyCAD Model
* CCS – CopyCAD Session
* CAD – CadStd
* CATDrawing – [[CATIA]] V5 Drawing document
* CATPart – [[CATIA]] V5 Part document
* CATProduct – [[CATIA]] V5 Assembly document
* CATProcess – [[CATIA]] V5 Manufacturing document
* CGR – [[CATIA]] V5 graphic representation file
* CKD – [[KeyCreator]] CAD parts, assemblies, and drawings
* CKT – [[KeyCreator]] template file
* CO – Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt – parametric drafting and 3D modeling
* DAB – AppliCad 3D model CAD file
* DRW – [[Caddie (CAD system)|Caddie]] Early version of Caddie drawing – Prior to Caddie changing to DWG
* DFT – Solidedge Draft
* [[DGN]] – [[MicroStation]] design file
* DGK – [[Delcam]] Geometry
* DMT – Delcam Machining Triangles
* DXF – [[ASCII Drawing Interchange file format]], [[AutoCAD]]
* DWB – [[VariCAD]] drawing file
* DWF – Autodesk's Web Design Format; AutoCAD & [[Autodesk Revit|Revit]] can publish to this format; similar in concept to PDF files; Autodesk Design Review is the reader
* [[.dwg|DWG]] – Popular file format for Computer Aided Drafting applications, notably [[AutoCAD]], Open Design Alliance applications, and [[Autodesk Inventor]] Drawing files
* EASM – SolidWorks eDrawings assembly file
* EDRW – eDrawings drawing file
* EMB – Wilcom ES Designer Embroidery CAD file
* EPRT – eDrawings part file
* EscPcb – "esCAD pcb" data file by Electro-System (Japan)
* EscSch – "esCAD sch" data file by Electro-System (Japan)
* ESW – AGTEK format
* EXCELLON – [[Excellon file]]
* EXP – Drawing Express format
* F3D – Autodesk Fusion 360 archive file<ref>{{cite web |title=How to export a design in Fusion 360 |url=https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/fusion-360/learn-explore/caas/sfdcarticles/sfdcarticles/How-to-export-a-design-in-Fusion-360.html |website=Knowledge.autodesk.com|access-date=4 August 2019}}</ref>
* FCStd – Native file format of [[FreeCAD]] [[CAD]]/[[Computer-aided manufacturing|CAM]] package
* FM – FeatureCAM Part File
* FMZ – FormZ Project file
* G – [[BRL-CAD]] Geometry File
* GBR – [[Gerber file]]
* GCODE - [[G-code]] Geometric code. Instructions for 3D printers.
* GLM – [[KernelCAD]] model
* GRB – [[T-FLEX CAD]] File
* GRI – AppliCad GRIM-In file in readable text form for importing roof and wall cladding job data generated by business management and accounting systems into the modelling/estimating program
* GRO – AppliCad GRIM-Out file in readable text form for exporting roof and wall cladding data job material and labour costing data, material lists generated by the modelling/estimating program to business management and accounting systems
* IAM – [[Autodesk Inventor]] Assembly file
* ICD – IronCAD 2D CAD file
* IDW – [[Autodesk Inventor]] Drawing file
* [[Industry Foundation Classes|IFC]] – [[buildingSMART]] for sharing AEC and [[Facility management|FM]] data
* [[IGES]] – Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
* DGN, CEL – [[Intergraph Standard File Formats]] [[Intergraph]]
* IO – [[Bricklink|Stud.io]] 3D model
* IPN – [[Autodesk Inventor]] Presentation file
* IPT – [[Autodesk Inventor]] Part file
* [[JT (visualization format)|JT]] – Jupiter Tesselation
* MCD – Monu-CAD (Monument/Headstone Drawing file)
* MDG – Model of [[Digital Geometric Kernel]]
* model – [[CATIA]] V4 part document
* OCD – [[Orienteering]] Computer Aided Design (OCAD) file
* PAR – Solidedge Part
* PART – A file used with Stud.Io
* PIPE – PIPE-FLO Professional Piping system design file
* PLN – ArchiCad project
* PRT – NX (recently known as Unigraphics), Pro/ENGINEER Part, CADKEY Part
* PSM – Solidedge Sheet
* PSMODEL – PowerSHAPE Model
* PWI – PowerINSPECT File
* PYT – Pythagoras File
* RLF – ArtCAM Relief
* RVM – [[AVEVA]] [[PDMS (software)|PDMS]] 3D Review model
* RVT – [[Autodesk Revit]] project files
* RFA – [[Autodesk Revit]] family files
* RFT - [[Autodesk Revit]] Revit Family Template 
* RXF – AppliCad annotated 3D roof and wall geometry data in readable text form used to exchange 3D model geometry with other systems such as truss design software
* S12 – Spirit file, by Softtech
* SCAD – [[OpenSCAD]] 3D part model
* SCDOC – [[SpaceClaim]] 3D Part/Assembly
* SKB – Google [[SketchUp]] backup File
* SKP – [[SketchUp#File formats|Sketchup]]
* SLDASM – [[SolidWorks]] Assembly drawing
* SLDDRW – [[SolidWorks]] 2D drawing
* SLDPRT – [[SolidWorks]] 3D part model
* [[dotXSI]] – For [[Autodesk Softimage|Softimage]]
* STATE – A file used by the [[Infrastructure as code|IaC]] tool to record information about what has been deployed by the tool.
* [[Standard for the Exchange of Product model data|STEP]] – Standard for the Exchange of Product model data
* [[STL (file format)|STL]] – Stereo Lithographic data format used by various CAD systems and stereo lithographic printing machines.
* STD – Power Vision Plus – Electricity Meter Data (Circuitor)
* TCT – [[TurboCAD]] drawing template
* TCW – [[TurboCAD]] for Windows 2D and 3D drawing
* UNV – [[I-DEAS]] I-DEAS (Integrated Design and Engineering Analysis Software)
* VC6 – Ashlar-Vellum Graphite – 2D and 3D drafting
* VLM – Ashlar-Vellum Vellum, Vellum 2D, Vellum Draft, Vellum 3D, DrawingBoard
* VS – Ashlar-Vellum Vellum Solids
* [[VRML#WRL file format|WRL]] – Similar to STL, but includes color. Used by various CAD systems and 3D printing rapid prototyping machines. Also used for VRML models on the web.
* X_B – [[Parasolid]]s binary format
* X_T – [[Parasolid]]s
* XE – Ashlar-Vellum Xenon – for associative 3D modeling
* ZOFZPROJ – ZofzPCB 3D PCB model, containing mesh, netlist and BOM

=== Electronic design automation (EDA) ===
[[Electronic design automation]] (EDA), or electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is specific to the field of electrical engineering.
* BRD – Board file for [[EAGLE (program)|EAGLE Layout Editor]], a commercial [[Printed circuit board|PCB]] design tool
* [[Boundary scan description language|BSDL]] – Description language for testing through [[JTAG]]
* CDL – [[Transistor]]-level [[netlist]] format for [[Integrated circuit|IC]] design
* [[Common Power Format|CPF]] – Power-domain specification in [[system-on-a-chip]] (SoC) implementation (see also [[Unified Power Format|UPF]])
* [[Design Exchange Format|DEF]] – [[Logic gate|Gate]]-level [[Integrated circuit layout|layout]]
* Detailed Standard Parasitic Format – Detailed Standard Parasitic Format, [[Analog signal|Analog]]-level Parastic component of interconnections in [[Integrated circuit|IC]] design
* [[EDIF]] – Vendor neutral [[Logic gate|gate]]-level [[netlist]] format
* FSDB – [[Analog waveform]] format (see also [[Waveform viewer]])
* [[GDSII]] – Format for [[Printed circuit board|PCB]] and [[Integrated circuit layout|layout]] of integrated circuits
* [[Intel HEX|HEX]] – [[ASCII]]-coded [[Binary file|binary]] format for [[memory dump]]s
* LEF – Library Exchange Format, physical abstract of cells for [[Integrated circuit|IC]] design
* Liberty (EDA) – [[Library (electronics)#Library|Library]] modeling ([[Logic function|function]], timing) format
* MS12 – [[NI Multisim]] file
* OASIS – [[Open Artwork System Interchange Standard]]
* [[OpenAccess]] – Design database format with [[Application Programming Interface|API]]s
* PSF – Cadence proprietary format to store simulation results/waveforms (2GB limit)
* PSFXL – Cadence proprietary format to store simulation results/waveforms
* SDC – Synopsys Design Constraints, format for [[Logic synthesis|synthesis]] constraints
* [[Standard Delay Format|SDF]] – Standard for [[Logic gate|gate]]-level timings
* [[Standard Parasitic Exchange Format|SPEF]] – Standard format for Parasitic component of interconnections in [[Integrated circuit|IC]] design
* SPI, CIR – [[SPICE]] Netlist, device-level [[netlist]] and commands for [[Computer simulation|simulation]]
* [[SREC (file format)|SREC]], S19 – S-record, [[ASCII]]-coded format for [[memory dump]]s
* SST2 – Cadence proprietary format to store mixed-signal simulation results/waveforms
* STIL – Standard Test Interface Language, IEEE1450-1999 standard for Test Patterns for [[Integrated circuit|IC]]
* SV – [[SystemVerilog]] source file
* S*P – [[Touchstone file|Touchstone]]/[[EEsof]] Scattering parameter data file – multi-port blackbox performance, measurement or simulated 
* [[Timing Library Format|TLF]] – Contains timing and logical information about a collection of cells ([[circuit element]]s)
* [[Unified Power Format|UPF]] – Standard for Power-domain specification in [[System-on-a-chip|SoC]] implementation
* V – [[Verilog]] source file
* [[Value Change Dump|VCD]] – Standard format for [[Digital data|digital]] simulation [[waveform]]
* VHD, VHDL – [[VHDL]] source file
* WGL – Waveform Generation Language, format for Test Patterns for [[Integrated circuit|IC]]

=== Test technology ===
Files output from [[Automatic Test Equipment]] or post-processed from such.
* [[Standard Test Data Format]]

== Database ==
* 4DB – [[4th Dimension (software)|4D]] database Structure file
* 4DC – 4D database Structure file (compiled in legacy mode)
* 4DD – 4D database Data file
* 4DIndy – 4D database Structure Index file
* 4DIndx – 4D database Data Index file
* 4DR – 4D database Data resource file (in old 4D versions)
* 4DZ – 4D database Structure file (compiled in 4D Project mode)
* ACCDB – Microsoft Database ([[Microsoft Access|Microsoft Office Access 2007]] and later)
* ACCDE – Compiled Microsoft Database ([[Microsoft Access|Microsoft Office Access 2007]] and later)
* ADT – Sybase [[Advantage Database Server (ADS)]]
* APR – [[Lotus Approach]] data entry & reports
* BOX – [[Lotus Notes]] Post Office mail routing database
* CHML – Krasbit Technologies Encrypted database file for 1 click integration between contact management software and the Chameleon Software
* DAF – Digital Anchor data file
* DAT – DOS Basic
* DAT – [[Caché (software)|Intersystems Caché]] database file
* DB – [[Paradox (database)|Paradox]]
* DB – [[SQLite]]
* DBF – db/dbase II,III,IV and V, Clipper, Harbour/xHarbour, Fox/FoxPro, [[Oracle database|Oracle]]
* DTA – [[Sage Sterling]] database file
* EGT – EGT Universal Document, used to compress sql databases to smaller files, may contain original EGT database style.
* ESS – EGT SmartSense is a database of files and its compression style. Specific to EGT SmartSense
* EAP – [[Enterprise Architect (software)|Enterprise Architect]] Project
* FDB – [[Firebird (database server)|Firebird]] Databases
* FDB – [[Microsoft Dynamics NAV|Navision]] database file
* FP, FP3, FP5, FP7 – [[FileMaker Pro]]
* FRM – [[MySQL]] table definition
* GDB – Borland [[InterBase]] Databases
* GTABLE – [[Google Drive]] [[Google Fusion Tables|Fusion Table]]
* KEXI – [[Kexi]] database file ([[SQLite]]-based)
* KEXIC – shortcut to a database connection for a [[Kexi]] databases on a server
* KEXIS – shortcut to a [[Kexi]] database
* LDB – Temporary database file, only existing when database is open
* LIRS – '''L'''ayered '''I'''ntage'''r''' '''S'''torage. Stores intageres with characters such as semicolons to create lists of data. 
* MDA – Add-in file for [[Microsoft Access]]
* MDB – [[Microsoft Access]] database
* ADP – [[Microsoft Access]] project (used for accessing databases on a server)
* MDE – Compiled Microsoft Database (Access)
* MDF – Microsoft SQL Server Database
* MYD – MySQL MyISAM table data
* MYI – MySQL MyISAM table index
* NCF – [[Lotus Notes]] configuration file
* NSF – [[Lotus Notes]] database
* NTF – [[Lotus Notes]] database design template
* NV2 – QW Page [[NewViews]] object oriented accounting database
* ODB – [[LibreOffice Base]] or [[OpenOffice.org|OpenOffice Base]] database
* ORA – [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] tablespace files sometimes get this extension (also used for configuration files)
* PCONTACT – WinIM Contact file
* PDB – [[PDB (Palm OS)|Palm OS Database]]
* PDI – Portable Database Image
* PDX – [[Paradox (database)|Corel Paradox]] database management
* PRC – [[PRC (Palm OS)|Palm OS resource database]]
* [[SQL]] – bundled SQL queries
* REC – GNU recutils database
* REL – Sage [[Retrieve 4GL]] data file
* RIN – Sage Retrieve 4GL index file
* SDB – [[StarOffice]]'s StarBase
* SDF – SQL Compact Database file
* SQLITE – [[SQLite]]
* UDL – [[Universal Data Link]]
* waData – Wakanda (software) database Data file
* waIndx – Wakanda (software) database Index file
* waModel – Wakanda (software) database Model file
* waJournal – Wakanda (software) database Journal file
* WDB – [[Microsoft Works]] Database
* WMDB – [[Windows Media Player|Windows Media]] Database file – The <code>CurrentDatabase_360.wmdb</code> file can contain file name, file properties, music, video, photo and playlist information.

== Big Data (Distributed) ==
* [[Apache Avro|Avro]] – Data format appropriate for ingestion of record based attributes. Distinguishing characteristic is schema is stored on each row enabling schema evolution.
* [[Apache Parquet|Parquet]] – Columnar data storage. It is typically used within the Hadoop ecosystem.
* [[Apache ORC|ORC]] – Similar to Parquet, but has better data compression and schema evolution handling.

== Desktop publishing ==
* AI – [[Adobe Illustrator]]
* AVE, ZAVE – [[Aquafadas]]
* CDR – [[CorelDRAW]]
* CHP, pub, STY, CAP, CIF, VGR, FRM – [[Ventura Publisher]] – Xerox (DOS / GEM)
* CPT – [[Corel Photo-Paint]]
* DPE – Package of AVE documents made with [[Aquafadas]] digital publishing tools.
* DTP – [[Greenstreet Software|Greenstreet]] Publisher, GST PressWorks
* FM – [[Adobe FrameMaker]]
* GDRAW – [[Google Drive]] Drawing
* ILDOC – Broadvision Quicksilver document
* INDD – [[Adobe InDesign]]
* MCF – [[FotoInsight]] Designer
* PDF – [[Adobe Acrobat]] or Adobe Reader
* PMD – [[Adobe PageMaker]]
* PPP – Serif [[PagePlus]]
* PSD – [[Adobe Photoshop]]
* PUB – [[Microsoft Publisher]]
* QXD – [[QuarkXPress]]
* SLA, SCD – [[Scribus]]
* XCF – [[XCF (file format)|XCF]]: File format used by the [[GIMP]], as well as other programs

== Document ==
These files store [[formatted text]] and [[plain text]].

* 0 – Plain Text Document, normally used for licensing
* 1ST – Plain Text Document, normally preceded by the words "README" (README.1ST)
* 600 – Plain Text Document, used in UNZIP history log
* 602 – Text602 (T602) document
* ABW – [[AbiWord]] document
* ACL – MS Word AutoCorrect List
* AFP – Advanced Function Presentation
* AMI – Lotus Ami Pro
* ANS – [[American National Standards Institute]] (ANSI) text
* ASC – [[ASCII]] text
* AWW – Ability Write
* [[BBeB]] – Broad Band EBook
* CCF – Color Chat 1.0
* CSV – [[ASCII]] text as [[comma-separated values]], used in [[spreadsheet]]s and [[database management systems]]
* CWK – ClarisWorks-[[AppleWorks]] document
* DBK – [[DocBook]] XML sub-format
* DITA – [[Darwin Information Typing Architecture]] document
* [[DOC (computing)|DOC]] – [[Microsoft Word]] document
* DOCM – Microsoft Word macro-enabled document
* DOCX – document, [[Office Open XML]], there are at least 4 quite different versions of Microsoft's DOCX: 1) ECMA-376, 2)ISO/IEC 29500 Transitional, 3) ISO/IEC 29500 Strict, 4) Microsoft-specific Compatibility Mode variants.
* DOT – [[Microsoft Word]] document template
* DOTX – [[Office Open XML]] text document template
* DWD – [[Davka]]Writer Heb/Eng word processor file 
* EGT – EGT Universal Document
* EPUB – [[EPUB]] open standard for e-books
* EVTX – Windows XML EventLog files are system log files used by the Windows operating system<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/libyal/libevtx/blob/main/documentation/Windows%20XML%20Event%20Log%20(EVTX).asciidoc|title=Windows XML Event Log (EVTX) format|publisher=github.com}}</ref>
* EZW – Reagency Systems easyOFFER document<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reagency.ca/htmdocs/easyOFFER/info_more.htm|title=Reagency Systems – easyOFFER the OREA and TREB real estate forms software solution details|work=reagency.ca|access-date=11 August 2013|archive-date=19 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619034911/http://www.reagency.ca/htmdocs/easyOFFER/info_more.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* FDX – [[Final Draft (software)|Final Draft]]
* FTM – Fielded Text Meta
* FTX – Fielded Text (Declared)
* GDOC – [[Google Drive]] Document
* GUIDE – [[Amigaguide|AmigaGuide]]
* [[HTML|HTML, HTM]] – HyperText Markup Language
* HWP – [[Haansoft]] (Hancom) Hangul Word Processor document
* HWPML – Haansoft (Hancom) Hangul Word Processor Markup Language document
* KPUB – [[Rakuten Kobo Inc.|Kobo]] ebook format
* LOG – Text log file
* LWP – [[Lotus Word Pro]]
* MBP – metadata for [[Mobipocket]] documents
* MD – [[Markdown]] text document
* ME – Plain text document normally preceded by the word "READ" (READ.ME)
* MCW – [[Microsoft Word]] for Macintosh (versions 4.0–5.1)
* Mobi – [[Mobipocket]] documents
* NB – [[Mathematica]] Notebook
* NB – [[Nota Bene (word processor)|Nota Bene]] Document (Academic Writing Software)
* NBP – [[Mathematica]] Player Notebook
* NEIS – 학교생활기록부 작성 프로그램 (Student Record Writing Program) Document
* NT – [[N-Triples]] [[Resource Description Framework|RDF container]] (.nt)
* NQ – [[N-Triples#N-Quads|N-Quads]] [[Resource Description Framework|RDF container]] (.nq)
* ODM – [[OpenDocument]] master document
* ODOC – Synology Drive Office Document
* ODT – [[OpenDocument]] text document
* OSHEET – Synology Drive Office Spreadsheet
* OTT – [[OpenDocument]] text document template
* OMM – OmmWriter text document
* PAGES – Apple [[Pages (iWork)|Pages]] document
* PAP – Papyrus word processor document
* PER – Canadian Forces Personnel Appraisal System (CFPAS) Personnel Evaluation Report (PER)
* PDR – Canadian Forces Personnel Appraisal System (CFPAS) Personnel Development Report (PDR)
* PDAX – Portable Document Archive (PDA) document index file
* PDF – [[Portable Document Format]]
* PROTONDOC – [[Proton AG|Proton]] Docs file shortcut
* QUOX – Question Object File Format for Quobject Designer or Quobject Explorer
* [[Radix-64]] – Need helps!!!
* [[Rich Text Format|RTF]] – Rich Text document
* RPT – [[Crystal Reports]]
* SDW – StarWriter text document, used in earlier versions of [[StarOffice]]
* SE – Shuttle Document
* STW – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) text document template
* Sxw – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) text document
* [[TeX]] – TeX
* TMDX – [[SoftMaker]] TextMaker
* INFO – [[Texinfo]]
* [[Troff]] – Unix OS [[document processing system]] 
* [[Text file|TXT]] – [[ASCII]] or [[Unicode]] [[Plain text|plain text file]]
* UOF – [[Uniform Office Format]]
* UOML – Unique Object Markup Language
* VIA – Revoware VIA Document Project File
* WPD – [[WordPerfect]] document
* WPS – [[Microsoft Works]] document
* WPT – [[Microsoft Works]] document template
* WRD – WordIt! document
* WRF – [[ThinkFree Office|ThinkFree]] Write
* WRI – [[Microsoft Write]] document
* XHTML, XHT – [[XHTML]] eXtensible HyperText Markup Language
* [[XML]] – eXtensible Markup Language
* XPS – [[Open XML Paper Specification|XPS]]: Open XML Paper Specification

== Financial records ==
* MYO – [[MYOB (company)|MYOB Limited]] (Windows) File
* MYOB – MYOB Limited (Mac) File
* TAX – [[TurboTax]] File
* YNAB – [[You Need a Budget (YNAB)]] File
* Tax2010 – Tax filling software

=== Financial data transfer formats ===
* IFX – Interactive Financial Exchange [[XML]]-based specification for various forms of financial transactions
* OFX – [[Open Financial Exchange]]， [[open standard]] supported by [[CheckFree]] and [[Microsoft]] and partly by Intuit; [[SGML]] and later [[XML]] based
* [[QFX (file format)|QFX]] – proprietary pay-only format used only by [[Intuit]]
* QIF – [[Quicken Interchange Format]] [[open standard]] formerly supported by [[Intuit]]

== Font file ==
* ABF – Adobe Binary Screen Font
* AFM – Adobe Font Metrics<!-- (generally only used in UNIX environments) Not entirely true... -->
* BDF – [[Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format|Bitmap Distribution Format]]
* BMF – ByteMap Font Format
* BRFNT – Binary Revolution Font Format
* FNT – [[bitmap font|Bitmapped Font]] – [[Graphics Environment Manager]] (GEM)
* FON – [[bitmap font|Bitmapped Font]] – Microsoft Windows
* MGF – MicroGrafx Font
* OTF – [[OpenType]] Font
* PCF – [[Portable Compiled Format]]
* PFA – Printer Font ASCII
* PFB – Printer Font Binary – Adobe
* PFM – Printer Font Metrics – Adobe
* FOND – Font Description resource – Mac OS
* SFD – [[FontForge]] spline font database Font
* SNF – [[Server Normal Format]]
* TDF – TheDraw Font
* TFM – [[TeX font metric]]
* TTF, TTC – [[TrueType]] Font
* UFO – [[Unified Font Object]] is a cross-platform, cross-application, human readable, future proof format for storing font data.
* WOFF – [[Web Open Font Format]]

== General purpose ==
These file formats allow for the rapid creation of new binary file formats.

* IFDS – Incredibly Flexible Data Storage file format. File extension and the magic number does not have to be IFDS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://github.com/cubiclesoft/ifds|title=Incredibly Flexible Data Storage (IFDS) File Format|website=Github.com|language=en|access-date=16 December 2022}}</ref>

== Geographic information system ==
{{Main|GIS file formats}}
* ASC – ASCII [[point of interest]] (POI) text file
* APR – [[Environmental Systems Research Institute|ESRI]] ArcView 3.3 and earlier project file
* DEM – [[USGS DEM]] file format
* E00 – ARC/INFO interchange file format
* [[GeoJSON]] – Geographically located data in object notation
* [[GeoJSON#TopoJSON|TopoJSON]] – Extension of GeoJSON with topology encoded in arcs for web development
* [[GeoTIFF]] – Geographically located raster data
* GML – [[Geography Markup Language]] file<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gephi.org/users/supported-graph-formats/gml-format/|title=GML Format|work=gephi.org}}</ref>
* [[GPS eXchange Format|GPX]] – XML-based interchange format
* [[Itinerary file|ITN]] – [[TomTom]] Itinerary format
* MXD – ESRI ArcGIS project file, 8.0 and higher
* NTF – [[National Transfer Format]] file
* OV2 – [[TomTom]] POI overlay file
* SHP – ESRI [[shapefile]]
* TAB – [[MapInfo TAB format]]
* GeoTIFF – Geographically located raster data: text file giving corner coordinate, raster cells per unit, and rotation
* [[DTED]] – Digital Terrain Elevation Data
* [[KML]] – [[Keyhole Markup Language]], XML-based

== Graphical information organizers ==
* 3DT – [[3D Topicscape]], the database in which the meta-data of a 3D Topicscape is held, it is a form of 3D concept map (like a 3D mind-map) used to organize ideas, information, and computer files
* [[ATY]] – [[3D Topicscape]] file, produced when an association type is exported; used to permit round-trip (export Topicscape, change files and folders as desired, re-import to 3D Topicscape)
* CAG (file format) – [[Linear Reference System]]
* FES (file format) – [[3D Topicscape]] file, produced when a fileless occurrence in 3D Topicscape is exported to Windows. Used to permit round-trip (export Topicscape, change files and folders as desired, re-import them to 3D Topicscape)
* MGMF – MindGenius Mind Mapping Software file format
* [[Mind Map|MM]] – [[FreeMind]] mind map file (XML)
* MMP (file format) – [[Mind Manager]] mind map file
* MUP – File type used by [https://mindmup.com MindMup] to export editable Mind Maps
* TPC (file format) – [[3D Topicscape]] file, produced when an inter-Topicscape topic link file is exported to Windows; used to permit round-trip (export Topicscape, change files and folders as desired, re-import to 3D Topicscape)

== Graphics ==
{{Main|Image file formats|Comparison of graphics file formats}}

=== Color palettes ===
* ACT – Adobe Color Table. Contains a raw color palette and consists of 256 24-bit RGB colour values.
* ASE – Adobe Swatch Exchange. Used by [[Adobe Substance]], Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/indesign/using/swatches.html|title=Create, manage, and import swatches in InDesign|website=Helpx.adobe.com|language=en|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref>
* GPL – GIMP palette file. Uses a text representation of color names and RGB values. Various open source graphical editors can read this format,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wiki.inkscape.org/wiki/index.php/Swatch_Book#Software_Support|title=Swatch Book – Inkscape Wiki|website=Wiki.inkscape.org|language=en|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref> including [[GIMP]], [[Inkscape]], [[Krita]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.krita.org/en/reference_manual/dockers/palette_docker.html|title=Palette Docker – Krita Manual version 4.1|website=Docs.krita.org|language=en|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref> [[KolourPaint]], [[Scribus]], [[CinePaint]], and [[MyPaint]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://github.com/mypaint/mypaint/wiki/v1.2-Palette|title=v1.2 Palette · mypaint/mypaint Wiki|website=GitHub.com|language=en|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref>
* PAL – Microsoft [[Resource Interchange File Format|RIFF]] palette file

=== Color management ===
* ICC, ICM – Color profile conforming the specification of the [[International Color Consortium|ICC]].

=== Raster graphics ===
[[Raster graphics|Raster or bitmap]] files store images as a group of [[pixel]]s.

* [[ART image file format|ART]] – [[America Online]] proprietary format
* BLP – [[Blizzard Entertainment]] proprietary texture format
* [[Windows bitmap|BMP]] – [[Microsoft Windows]] [[bitmap]] formatted image
* BTI – [[Nintendo]] proprietary texture format
* C4 – [[JEDMICS]] image files, a DOD system
* CALS – [[JEDMICS]] image files, a DOD system
* CD5 – [[Chasys Draw IES]] image
* CIT – [[Intergraph]] monochrome bitmap format
* CPT – [[Corel PHOTO-PAINT]] image
* CLIP – [[Clip Studio Paint|CLIP STUDIO PAINT]] format
* CPL – [[Microsoft Windows]] control panel file
* [[DirectDraw Surface|DDS]] – [[DirectX]] texture file
* [[Windows bitmap|DIB]] – Device-Independent Bitmap graphic
* [[DjVu]] – designed for scanned documents
* EGT – EGT Universal Document, used in EGT SmartSense to compress PNG files to yet a smaller file
* EXIF – [[Exchangeable image file format]] (Exif) is a specification for the image format used by digital cameras
* [[Graphics Interchange Format|GIF]] – [[CompuServe]]'s Graphics Interchange Format
* [[GIF#Animation_formats|GIFV]] – Graphics Interchange Format Video, a format used for short, looping videos that combines the advantages of GIFs and videos, with better playback quality and lower file sizes<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/glossary/gifv/|title=What is graphics interchange format video (GIFV)?|publisher=Lenovo.com}}</ref>
* GRF – [[Zebra Technologies]] proprietary format
* [[Apple Icon Image|ICNS]] – format for ''[[icon (computing)|icons]]'' in [[macOS]]. Contains bitmap images at multiple resolutions and bitdepths with [[alpha channel]].
* HEIF, HEIC – [[High Efficiency Image File Format]]
* [[ICO (icon image file format)|ICO]] – a format used for ''[[icon (computing)|icons]]'' in [[Microsoft Windows]]. Contains small bitmap images at multiple resolutions and bitdepths with 1-bit transparency or alpha channel.
* IFF, ILBM, LBM – IFF [[ILBM]]
* [[JPEG Network Graphics|JNG]] – a single-frame [[Multiple-image Network Graphics|MNG]] using [[JPEG]] compression and possibly an [[alpha channel]]
* [[JPEG]], JPG, JFIF – [[Joint Photographic Experts Group]]; a lossy image format widely used to display photographic images
* [[JPEG 2000|JP2]] – JPEG2000
* [[JPEG Stereo|JPS]] – JPEG Stereo
* JXL – [[JPEG XL]], an image format designed for professional photography and web images; supports wide color gamut, high dynamic range, animations, and a max resolution of 1,073,741,823 x 1,073,741,824
* KRA – [[Krita]] image file
* LBM – [[Deluxe Paint]] image file
* MAX – ScanSoft [[PaperPort]] document
* MIFF – [[ImageMagick]]'s native file format
* MNG – [[Multiple-image Network Graphics]], the animated version of [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]]
* MSP – a format used by old versions of Microsoft Paint; replaced by [[BMP file format|BMP]] in [[Microsoft Windows]] 3.0
* NEF – [[Nikon]] camera raw format; photos have this on some Nikon cameras if the quality ''RAW'' is selected in camera settings
* [[NITF (National Imagery Transmission Format)|NITF]] – A U.S. Government standard commonly used in [[Intelligence (information gathering)|Intelligence]] systems
* [[OTA bitmap|OTB]] – Over The Air bitmap, a specification designed by [[Nokia]] for black and white images for [[mobile phone]]s
* [[Portable bitmap|PBM]] – portable bitmap
* compressed [[DEGAS (software)|Degas]] picture files:
** PC1 – low resolution
** PC2 – medium resolution
** PC3 – high resolution
* PCF – Pixel Coordination Format
* [[PCX]] – a lossless format used by ZSoft's PC Paint, popular for a time on [[DOS]] systems.
* PDD – [[Adobe PhotoDeluxe]] image
* PDN – [[Paint.NET]] image file
* PGF – [[Progressive Graphics File]]
* PGM – [[Portable graymap]]
* uncompressed [[DEGAS (software)|Degas]] picture files:
** PI1 – low resolution
** PI2 – medium resolution
** PI3 – high resolution
* PI2 – Portrait Innovations encrypted image format
* [[PICT]], PCT – Apple [[Macintosh]] PICT image
* [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]] – Portable Network Graphics (lossless, recommended for display and edition of graphic images)
* PNJ – a sub-format of the MNG file format, used for encapsulating JPEG files<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filesuffix.com/en/extension/pnj|title=How do I open a .pnj file?|publisher=FileSuffix.com}}</ref>
* PNM – [[Portable anymap]] graphic bitmap image
* PNS – PNG Stereo
* PPM – [[Portable Pixmap]] (Pixel Map) image
* procreate – [[Procreate (software)|Procreate]]'s drawing file
* [[Adobe Photoshop]] files:
** PSB – large document
** PSD – document
* PSP – [[Paint Shop Pro]] image
* PX – Pixel image editor image file
* PXM – [[Pixelmator]] image file
* PXR – [[Pixar Image Computer]] image file
* PXZ – a compressed layered image file used for the image editing website, pixlr.com
* QFX – QuickLink Fax image
* RLE – a [[run-length encoding]] image
* [[Scitex CT|SCT]] – [[Scailex Corporation|Scitex]] Continuous Tone image file
* [[Silicon Graphics Image|SGI]], RGB, INT, BW – [[Silicon Graphics]] Image
* [[Truevision Targa File Format|TGA]], TARGA, ICB, VDA, VST, PIX – [[Truevision]] TGA (Targa) image
* [[TIFF]], TIF – Tag(ged) Image File Format; usually lossless, but many variants exist, including lossy ones.
* [[TIFF/EP]], TIF, TIFF – Tag Image File Format / Electronic Photography, ISO 12234-2; tends to be used as a basis for other formats rather than in its own right.
* VTF – [[Valve Corporation|Valve]] Texture Format
* WEBP – [[WebP]], an image format designed for the web that can provide both lossless and lossy compression.
* XBM – [[X Window System]] Bitmap
* [[XCF (file format)|XCF]] – [[GIMP]] image (from Gimp's origin at the [[eXperimental Computing Facility]] of the [[University of California]])
* [[XPM (image format)|XPM]] – X Window System Pixmap
* ZIF – Zoomable/Zoomify Image Format (a web-friendly, TIFF-based, zoomable image format)

==== Photographs ====
* CR2 – [[Canon Inc.|Canon]] camera raw format; photos have this on some Canon cameras if the quality ''RAW'' is selected in camera settings
* [[DNG file|DNG]] – "Digital Negative" a type of raw image file format used in digital photography.
* [[Raw image format|RAW]] – General term for minimally processed image data (acquired by a [[digital camera]])

=== Vector graphics ===
[[Vector graphics]] use geometric primitives such as points, lines, curves, and polygons to represent images.
* 3DV file – 3-D wireframe graphics by Oscar Garcia
* [[Additive Manufacturing File Format|AMF]] – Additive Manufacturing File Format
* [[Ability Draw|AWG]] – Ability Draw
* [[Adobe Illustrator Artwork|AI]] – [[Adobe Illustrator]] Document
* [[Computer Graphics Metafile|CGM]] – Computer Graphics Metafile, an [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] Standard
* CDR – [[CorelDRAW]] Document
* CMX – [[CorelDRAW]] vector image
* DP – Drawing Program file for [[PERQ]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/perq/accent_S5/Accent_UsersManual_1984/|title=Index of /pdf/perq/accent_S5/Accent_UsersManual_1984|website=Bitsavers.org|access-date=4 August 2019}}</ref>
* DRAWIO – [[Diagrams.net]] offline diagram
* [[AutoCAD DXF|DXF]] – ASCII Drawing Interchange file Format, used in [[AutoCAD]] and other CAD-programs
* E2D – 2-dimensional vector graphics used by the editor which is included in [[JFire]]
* EGT – EGT Universal Document, EGT Vector Draw images are used to draw vector to a website
* [[Encapsulated PostScript|EPS]] – Encapsulated Postscript
* FS – FlexiPro file.x
* GBR – [[Gerber file]]
* ODG – [[OpenDocument]] Drawing
* MOVIE.BYU – 3D Vector file for polygons, coordinates and more complex shapes
* [[RenderMan Interface Specification|RenderMan]] – Displays Shading in both 2D and 3D scapes
* [[Scalable Vector Graphics|SVG]] – Scalable Vector Graphics, employs [[XML]]
* 3DMLW – Scene description languages (3D vector image formats)
* [[STL (file format)|STL]] – Stereo Lithographic data format (see [[STL (file format)]]) used by various CAD systems and stereo lithographic printing machines. See above.
* WRL – Virtual Reality Modeling Language, [[VRML]] Uses this extension for the creation of 3D viewable web images.
* [[X3D]] – XML-based file for communicating 3D graphics
* SXD – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) Drawing
* TGAX – Texture format used by Zwift
* V2D – voucher design used by the voucher management included in [[JFire]]
* VDOC – Vector format used in AnyCut, CutStorm, DrawCut, DragonCut, FutureDRAW, MasterCut, SignMaster, VinylMaster software by Future Corporation
* VSD – Vector format used by [[Microsoft Visio]]
* VSDX – Vector format used by MS Visio and opened by VSDX Annotator
* VND – Vision numeric Drawing file used in TypeEdit, Gravostyle.
* [[Windows Metafile|WMF]] – Windows Meta File
* [[EMF File Format|EMF]] – Enhanced (Windows) MetaFile, an extension to WMF
* ART – [[Xara]]–Drawing (superseded by XAR)
* XAR – [[Xara]]–Drawing

=== 3D graphics ===
{{hatnote|See also: [http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/3D_file_format 3D file format] at EduTech Wiki}}
[[3D computer graphics|3D graphics]] are 3D models that allow building models in real-time or non-real-time 3D rendering.
* 3DMF – [[3DMF|QuickDraw 3D Metafile]] (.3dmf)
* 3DM – [[OpenNURBS Initiative]] 3D Model (used by Rhinoceros 3D) (.3dm)
* 3MF – [[Microsoft]] 3D Manufacturing Format (.3mf)<ref name="msdn.microsoft.com"/>
* [[.3ds|3DS]] – [[Autodesk 3ds Max#History|legacy 3D Studio]] Model (.3ds)
* ABC – [[Alembic (computer graphics)]]
* AC – [[AC3D]] Model
* [[Additive Manufacturing File Format|AMF]] – Additive Manufacturing File Format
* AN8 – [[Anim8or]] Model
* AOI – Art of Illusion Model
* ASM – [[PTC Creo]] assembly
* B3D – [[Blitz Basic|Blitz3D]] Model
* BBMODEL [[Blockbench]] Model
* BLEND – [[Blender (software)|Blender]]
* BLOCK – [[Blender (software)|Blender]] encrypted blend files
* BMD3 – [[Nintendo]] [[GameCube]] first-party J3D proprietary model format (.bmd)
* BDL4 – [[Nintendo]] [[GameCube]] and [[Wii]] first-party J3D proprietary model format (2002, 2006–2010) (.bdl)
* BRRES – [[Nintendo]] [[Wii]] first-party proprietary model format 2010+ (.brres)
* BFRES – [[Nintendo]] [[Wii U]] and later [[Nintendo Switch|Switch]] first-party proprietary model format
* C4D – [[Cinema 4D]] (.c4d)
* Cal3D – Cal3D (.cal3d)
* [[CCP4 (file format)|CCP4]] – X-ray crystallography voxels (electron density)
* CFL – [[Compressed File Library]]
* COB – [[TrueSpace|Caligari Object]]
* CORE3D – Coreona 3D Coreona 3D Virtual File(.core3d)
* CTM – [[OpenCTM]]
* DAE – [[COLLADA]]
* DFF – [[RenderWare]] binary stream, commonly used by [[Grand Theft Auto III]]-era games as well as other RenderWare titles
* DN – [[Adobe Dimension]] CC file format
* DPM – DeepMesh
* DTS – [[Torque Game Engine]] (DTS (file format))
* EGG – [[Panda3D]] Engine
* FACT – [[Electric Image]] (.fac)
* FBX – Autodesk [[FBX]]
* G – [[BRL-CAD]] geometry
* GLB – a binary form of [[glTF]] required to be loaded in [[Facebook 3D Posts]]
* GLM – Ghoul Mesh
* [[glTF]] – the JSON-based standard developed by [[Khronos Group]]
* HEC – Hector Game Engine – [[Flatspace]] model format
* IO – Bricklink Stud.io 2.0 Model File
* IOB – [[Imagine (3D modeling software)]]
* JAS – [[Cheetah 3D]] file
* [[JMesh|JMESH]] – Universal mesh data exchange file based on [[JMesh]] specification (.jmsh for text/[[JSON]] based, .bmsh for binary/[[UBJSON]] based)
* LDR – [[LDraw]] Model File
* LWO – [[LightWave 3D|Lightwave]] Object
* LWS – [[LightWave 3D|Lightwave]] Scene
* LXF – [[LEGO Digital Designer]] Model file
* LXO – Luxology [[Modo (software)]] file
* M3D – Model3D, universal, engine-neutral format
* MA – Autodesk [[Maya (software)|Maya]] ASCII File
* MAX – Autodesk [[3D Studio Max]] file 
* MB – Autodesk [[Maya (software)|Maya]] Binary File
* MPD – [[LDraw]] Multi-Part Document Model File
* MD2 – [[MD2 (file format)|MD2]]: [[Quake 2]] model format
* MD3 – [[MD3 (file format)|MD3]]: [[Quake 3]] model format
* MD5 – [[MD5 (file format)|MD5]]: [[Doom 3]] model format
* MDX – [[Blizzard Entertainment]]'s own model format
* MESH – New York University(.m)
* MESH – Meshwork Model (.mesh)
* MIOBJECT – [https://www.mineimator.com/ Mine-Imator] object file
* MIPARTICLE – [https://www.mineimator.com/ Mine-Imator] particle file
* MIMODEL – [https://www.mineimator.com/ Mine-Imator] model file
* MM3D – Misfit Model 3d
* MPO – Multi-Picture Object – This [[.mpo#JPEG Multi-Picture Format|JPEG]] standard is used for 3d images, as with the [[Nintendo 3DS]]
* MRC – [[MRC (file format)|MRC]]: voxels in cryo-electron microscopy
* NIF – [[Gamebryo]] NetImmerse File
* NWC – [[Navisworks]] - cached version of the converted model geometry  
* NWD – [[Navisworks]] - publish format
* NWF – [[Navisworks]] - working format for projects
* OBJ – [[Wavefront .obj file]]
* OFF – [[OFF (file format)|OFF Object file format]]
* OGEX – [[Open Game Engine Exchange]] (OpenGEX) format
* PLY – [[PLY (file format)|PLY]]: Polygon File Format / Stanford Triangle Format
* PRC – Adobe [[PRC (file format)|PRC]] (embedded in [[PDF]] files)
* PRT – [[PTC Creo]] part
* POV – [[POV-Ray]] document
* R3D – [[Realsoft 3D]] (Real-3D)
* RWX – [[RenderWare]] Object
* SIA – Nevercenter Silo Object
* SIB – Nevercenter Silo Object
* SKP – [[SketchUp]] file
* SLDASM – [[SolidWorks]] Assembly Document
* SLDPRT – [[SolidWorks]] Part Document
* SMD – [[Valve Corporation|Valve]] Studiomdl Data format 
* U3D – [[Universal 3D]] format
* USD – [[Universal Scene Description]]
* USDA – [[Universal Scene Description]], human-readable text format
* USDC – [[Universal Scene Description]], binary format
* USDZ – [[Universal Scene Description]], a zip-compressed container
* VIM – [[Revizto]] visual information model format (.vimproj)
* VRML97 – [[VRML]] Virtual reality modeling language (.wrl)
* VUE – [[E-on Vue|Vue]] scene file
* VWX – [[Vectorworks]]
* WINGS – [[Wings3D]]
* W3D – Westwood 3D Model
* X – [[DirectX|DirectX 3D Model]]
* X3D – [[Extensible 3D]]
* Z3D – [[Zmodeler]]
* ZBMX – Mecabricks [[Blender (software)|Blender]] Add-On

== Links and shortcuts ==
* Alias – [[Alias (Mac OS)]]
* [[JNLP]] – Java Network Launching Protocol, an [[XML]] file used by [[Java Web Start]] for starting Java applets over the Internet
* LNK – binary-format [[file shortcut]] in [[Microsoft Windows]] 95 and later
* APPREF-MS – [[File shortcut]] format used by [[ClickOnce]]
* NAL – ZENworks Instant shortcut (opens a .EXE not on the C:\ drive)
* URL – [[INI file]] pointing to a [[URL]] [[bookmark (World Wide Web)|bookmark]]s/Internet shortcut in [[Microsoft Windows]]
* WEBLOC – [[Property list]] file pointing to a [[URL]] [[bookmark (World Wide Web)|bookmark]]s/Internet shortcut in [[macOS]]
* SYM – Symbolic link 
* DESKTOP – Desktop entry on [[Linux]] [[Desktop environments]]

== Mathematical ==
* [[Harwell-Boeing file format|Harwell-Boeing]] – a file format designed to store [[sparse matrix|sparse matrices]]
* MML – [[MathML]] – Mathematical Markup Language
* ODF – [[OpenDocument]] Math Formula
* SXM – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) Math Formula
* G3K – an obscure, uncommon format used by the [[CASIO]] [[graphing calculators]] to store keylogs

== Object code, executable files, shared and dynamically linked libraries ==
* [[8BF]] – files plugins for some photo editing programs including [[Adobe Photoshop]], [[Paint Shop Pro]], [[GIMP]] and [[Helicon Filter]].
* A – a [[static library]] on Unix-like systems
* A – Objective C native static library
* [[a.out (file format)|a.out]] – (no suffix for executable image, .o for object files, .so for [[shared object]] files) classic [[Unix]] object format, now often superseded by ELF
* APK – [[apk (file format)|Android Package]]
* APP – A folder found on macOS systems containing program code and resources, appearing as one file.
* [[App (file format)|APP]] – file extension are executable application packages for running apps on [[HarmonyOS]], [[OpenHarmony]] and Oniro devices.
* [[BAC (file format)|BAC]] – an executable image for the [[RSTS/E]] system, created using the [[BASIC-PLUS]] <code>COMPILE</code> command<ref name=dec-11-orsua-d-d>{{cite book|title=RSTS-11 System Users Guide|year=1975|publisher=Digital Equipment Corporation|pages=2–16–2–17|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp11/rsts/V06/DEC-11-ORSUA-D-D_RSTS_SystemUserGuide_Jul75.pdf|edition=DEC-11-ORSUA-D-D (RSTS/E V06A-02)|access-date=22 March 2011|archive-date=21 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321190748/http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp11/rsts/V06/DEC-11-ORSUA-D-D_RSTS_SystemUserGuide_Jul75.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[BPL (file format)|BPL]] – a Win32 PE file created with [[Delphi (software)|Delphi]] or [[C++Builder]] containing a package.
* [[Bundle (file format)|Bundle]] – a Macintosh plugin created with [[Xcode]] or [[make (software)|make]] which holds executable code, data files, and folders for that code.
* [[Class (file format)|CLASS]] – Compiled [[Java (programming language)|Java]] bytecode
* [[COFF]] – (no suffix for executable image, .o for object files) Unix Common Object File Format, now often superseded by ELF
* [[COM file|COM]] – Simple executable format used by [[CP/M]] and [[DOS]].
* [[Delphi (programming language)|DCU]] – [[Delphi (software)|Delphi]] compiled unit
* [[Dynamic-link library|DLL]] – Dynamic library used in Windows and OS/2 to store data, resources and code.
* DOL – the format used by the [[GameCube]] and [[Wii]], short for Dolphin, which was the codename of the GameCube.
* [[EAR (file format)|EAR]] – archives of Java [[enterprise application]]s
* [[Executable and Linkable Format|ELF]] – (no suffix for executable image, .o for object files, .so for shared object files) used in many modern [[Unix]] and [[Unix-like]] systems, including [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], other [[UNIX System V|System V Release 4]] derivatives, [[Linux]], and [[BSD]])
* EXE – [[DOS executable]] ([[EXE|.exe]]: used in [[DOS]])
* [[EXE]] – [[New Executable]] (used in multitasking ("European") MS-DOS 4.0, [[16-bit]] [[Microsoft Windows]], and [[OS/2]])
* [[EXE]] – [[Portable Executable]] used in [[Microsoft Windows]] and some other systems
* [[.ipa|IPA]] – file extension for apple IOS application executable file. Another form of zip file.
* [[JAR (file format)|JAR]] – archives of Java class files
* [[JEFF (file format)|JEFF]] – a file format allowing execution directly from static memory<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02042-jeff-spec.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=24 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215155940/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02042-jeff-spec.pdf |archive-date=15 December 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* KO – [[Loadable kernel module]]
* LIB – a [[static library]] on Microsoft platforms
* LIST – variable list
* [[Mach-O]] – (no suffix for executable image, .o for object files, .dylib and .bundle for shared object files) [[Mach kernel|Mach]]-based systems, notably native format of [[macOS]], [[iOS]], [[iPadOS]], [[watchOS]], [[tvOS]] and [[visionOS]]
* NLM – [[NetWare Loadable Module]] the native 32-bit binaries compiled for Novell's [[NetWare]] Operating System (versions 3 and newer)
* [[XCOFF|O]] – un-linked object files directly from the compiler
* OBJ – [[object file]] on Windows
* [[RLL file format|RLL]] – used in Microsoft operating systems together with a DLL file to store program resources
* [[S1ES]] – [[Executable]] used for S1ES learning system.
* SO – shared library, typically ELF
* VAP – Value Added Process the native 16-bit binaries compiled for Novell's [[NetWare]] Operating System (version 2, NetWare 286, Advanced NetWare, etc.)
* [[WAR (Sun file format)|WAR]] – an archive of a Java [[Web application]]
* XAP – [[Windows Phone package]]
* XBE – [[Xbox executable|XBE]] is Xbox executable
* [[XCOFF]] – (no suffix for executable image, .o for object files, .a for shared object files) extended COFF, used in [[AIX (operating system)|AIX]]
* XEX – [[Xbox 360|XEX]] is Xbox 360 executable
* [[XPInstall|XPI]] – [[PKZIP]] archive that can be run by [[Mozilla]] [[web browser]]s to install software.
* XSD – XML Schema Definition, used for planning and organizing XML documents.
Object extensions:
* [[Component Object Model|OCX]] – Object Control extension
* [[Component Object Model|TLB]] – Windows Type Library
* VBX – Visual Basic extension

== Page description language ==
{{Main list|List of page description languages}}
* DVI – [[Device independent file format|DVI]] are Device independent format
* EGT – Universal Document can be used to store CSS type styles 
* PLD – [[PhotoLine|PLD]] are PhotoLine Document files 
* PCL – [[Printer Control Language|PCL]] Manages printer language
* PDF – [[Portable Document Format|PDF]] are Portable Document Format
* PS, GZ – [[PostScript]] {{clarify|date=March 2024}}
* SNP – [[SNP file format|SNP]] are [[Microsoft Access]] Report Snapshot
* XPS – [[XML Paper Specification|XPS]]
* XSL-FO – [[XSL Formatting Objects|XSL-FO (Formatting Objects)]]
* Configurations, Metadata
** CSS – [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] are Cascading Style Sheets
** XSLT, XSL – [[XSL Transformations|XML Style Sheet]]
** TPL – [[Web template]]

== Personal information manager ==
{{Main|Personal information manager}}
* MNB – [[MyInfo]] notebook
* MSG – [[Microsoft Outlook]] task manager
* ORG – [[IBM Lotus Organizer|Lotus Organizer]] PIM package
* ORG – [[Org-mode|Emacs Org-Mode Mindmanager, contacts, calendar, email-integration]]
* PST, OST – Microsoft Outlook email communication
* SC2 – [[Microsoft Schedule Plus|Microsoft Schedule+]] calendar

== Presentation ==
* GSLIDES – [[Google Drive]] Presentation
* KEY, KEYNOTE – [[Apple Keynote]] Presentation
* NB – [[Mathematica]] Slideshow
* NBP – Mathematica Player slideshow
* ODP – [[OpenDocument]] Presentation
* OTP – OpenDocument Presentation template
* PEZ – [[Prezi]] Desktop Presentation
* POT – [[Microsoft PowerPoint]] template
* PRDX – [[SoftMaker]] Presentations
* PPS – Microsoft PowerPoint Show
* PPT – Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation
* PPTX – [[Office Open XML]] Presentation, there are at least 4 quite different versions of Microsoft's PPTX: 1) ECMA-376, 2)ISO/IEC 29500 Transitional, 3) ISO/IEC 29500 Strict, 4) Microsoft-specific Compatibility Modes.
* PRZ – [[Lotus Freelance Graphics]]
* SDD – [[StarOffice]]'s StarImpress
* SHF – [[Hancom ThinkFree Office|ThinkFree]] Show
* SHOW – Haansoft(Hancom) Presentation software document
* SHW – [[Corel Presentations]] slide show creation
* SLP – Logix-4D Manager Show Control Project
* SSPSS – SongShow Plus Slide Show
* STI – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) Presentation template
* SXI – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) Presentation
* THMX – [[Microsoft PowerPoint]] theme template
* WATCH – Dataton [[Watchout]] Presentation

== Project management software ==
{{Main|Project management software}}
* MPP – [[Microsoft Project]]

== Reference management software ==
{{Main|Reference management software}}
Formats of files used for bibliographic information ([[citation]]) management.
* BIB – [[BibTeX]]
* ENL – [[EndNote]]
* RIS – Research Information Systems [[RIS (file format)]]

== Scientific data (data exchange) ==
* [[FITS]] – Flexible Image Transport System, a standard data format for astronomy
* [[Silo (library)|Silo]] – a storage format for visualization developed at [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]]
* SPC – [[SPC file format|SPC]], spectroscopic data
* [[EAS3]] – binary format for structured data
* [[EOSSA]] – Electro-Optic Space Situational Awareness format
* OST – (Open Spatio-Temporal) extensible, mainly images with related data, or just pure data; meant as an open alternative for microscope images
* CCP4 – [[CCP4 (file format)|CCP4]], X-ray crystallography voxels (electron density)
* MRC – [[MRC (file format)|MRC]], voxels in cryo-electron microscopy
* [[HITRAN]] – spectroscopic data with one optical/infrared transition per line in the ASCII file (.hit)
* ROOT – hierarchical platform-independent compressed binary format used by [[ROOT]]
* SDF – [[Simple Data Format|Simple Data Format (SDF)]], a platform-independent, precision-preserving binary data I/O format capable of handling large, multi-dimensional arrays.
* MYD – Everfine LEDSpec software file for LED measurements
* CSDM – (Core Scientific Dataset Model) model for multi-dimensional and correlated datasets from various spectroscopies, diffraction, microscopy, and imaging techniques (.csdf, .csdfe).<ref>
{{cite journal |last1= Srivastava |first1= Deepansh |last2= Vosegaard|first2=Thomas | last3 = Massiot | first3 = Dominique | last4 = Grandinetti | first4 = Philip | author-link4=Philip Grandinetti |date=January 2020 |title=Core Scientific Dataset Model: A lightweight and portable model and file format for multi- dimensional scientific data 
 |journal= PLOS ONE |volume= 15 
 |issue=1 |pages= e0225953 
|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0225953 |pmid= 31895936 |pmc= 6940021 |bibcode= 2020PLoSO..1525953S |doi-access= free }}
</ref>

=== Multi-domain ===
* [[NetCDF]] – Network common data format
* HDR, HDF, h4, h5 – [[Hierarchical Data Format]]
* SDXF – [[SDXF]], (Structured Data Exchange Format)
* CDF – [[Common Data Format]]
* CGNS – [[CGNS]], CFD General Notation System
* [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2009.11.014 FMF] – Full-Metadata Format

=== Meteorology ===
* [[GRIB]] – Grid in Binary, WMO format for weather model data
* [[BUFR]] – WMO format for weather observation data
* [[PP-format|PP]] – UK Met Office format for weather model data
* NASA-Ames – Simple text format for observation data. First used in aircraft studies of the atmosphere.

=== Chemistry ===
{{Main|chemical file format}}
* CML – [[Chemical Markup Language]] (CML) (.cml)
* MOL, SD, SDF – [[Chemical table file]] (CTab)
* DX, JDX – [[Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data]] (JCAMP)
* SMI – [[Simplified molecular input line entry specification]] (SMILES)

=== Mathematics ===
* G6, S6 – graph6, sparse6, ASCII encoding of [[Adjacency matrix|Adjacency matrices]]

=== Biology ===
Molecular biology and bioinformatics:
* AB1 – In [[DNA sequencing]], [[chromatogram]] files used by instruments from [[Applied Biosystems]]
* ACE – A [[sequence assembly]] format
* ASN.1 – [[Abstract Syntax Notation One]], is an International Standards Organization ([[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]) data representation format used to achieve interoperability between platforms. [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] uses ASN.1 for the storage and retrieval of data such as nucleotide and protein sequences, structures, genomes, and PubMed records.
* BAM – [[Binary Alignment/Map]] format (compressed SAM format)
* BCF – Binary compressed VCF format
* BED – The [[BED file format|browser extensible display format]] is used for describing [[gene]]s and other features of [[DNA]] sequences
* CAF – Common Assembly Format for [[sequence assembly]]
* [[CRAM (file format)|CRAM]] – compressed file format for storing biological sequences aligned to a reference sequence
* DDBJ – The flatfile format used by the [[DNA Data Bank of Japan|DDBJ]] to represent database records for [[nucleotide sequence|nucleotide]] and [[peptide sequence]]s from [[DDBJ]] databases.
* EMBL – The flatfile format used by the [[European Molecular Biology Laboratory|EMBL]] to represent database records for [[nucleotide sequence|nucleotide]] and [[peptide sequence]]s from [[EMBL]] databases.
* FASTA – The [[FASTA format]], for sequence data. Sometimes also given as FNA or FAA (Fasta Nucleic Acid or Fasta Amino Acid).
* FASTQ – The [[FASTQ format]], for sequence data with quality. Sometimes also given as QUAL.
* GCPROJ – The [[Genome Compiler]] project. Advanced format for genetic data to be designed, shared and visualized.
* GenBank – The flatfile format used by the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] to represent database records for [[nucleotide sequence|nucleotide]] and [[peptide sequence]]s from the [[GenBank]] and [[RefSeq]] databases
* GFF – The [[General feature format]] is used to describe [[gene]]s and other features of [[DNA]], [[RNA]], and [[protein]] sequences
* GTF – The [[Gene transfer format]] is used to hold information about [[gene]] structure
* MAF – The [[Multiple Alignment Format]] stores multiple alignments for whole-genome to whole-genome comparisons [https://biopython.org/wiki/Multiple_Alignment_Format]
* NCBI – Structured [[ASN.1]] format used at [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] for DNA and protein data
* NEXUS – The [[Nexus file]] encodes mixed information about genetic sequence data in a block structured format
* NeXML – XML format for [[phylogenetic tree]]s
* NWK – The [[Newick format|Newick tree format]] is a way of representing graph-theoretical trees with edge lengths using parentheses and commas and useful to hold [[phylogenetic tree]]s.
* PDB – structures of biomolecules deposited in [[Protein Data Bank]], also used to exchange protein and nucleic acid structures
* PHD – Phred output, from the base-calling software [[Phred (software)|Phred]]
* PLN – Protein Line Notation used in [http://www.biochemfusion.com/products/ proteax software] [http://www.biochemfusion.com/doc/Biochemfusion_PLN_1.4_spec.pdf specification]
* SAM – [[SAM (file format)|SAM]], Sequence Alignment Map format, in which the results of the [[1000 Genomes Project]] will be released
* SBML – [[SBML|The Systems Biology Markup Language]] is used to store biochemical network computational models
* SCF – Staden chromatogram files used to store data from [[DNA sequencing]]
* SFF – [[Standard Flowgram Format]]
* SRA – format used by the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] Short Read Archive to store high-throughput DNA sequence data
* Stockholm – The [[Stockholm format]] for representing [[multiple sequence alignment]]s
* Swiss-Prot – The flatfile format used to represent database records for [[peptide sequence|protein]] sequences from the [[Swiss-Prot]] database
* VCF – [[Variant Call Format]], a standard created by the [[1000 Genomes Project]] that lists and annotates the entire collection of human variants (with the exception of approximately 1.6 million variants).

=== Biomedical imaging ===
* DCM – [[Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine]] (DICOM) 
* NIfTI – [[Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative]]
* NII – single-file (combined data and meta-data) style
* NII.GZ – [[gzip]]-compressed, used transparently by some software, notably the [[FMRIB Software Library]] (FSL)
* GII – single-file (combined data and meta-data) style; NIfTI offspring for brain surface data
* IMG, HDR – dual-file (separate data and meta-data, respectively) style
* IMG, HDR – [[Analyze (imaging software)|Analyze]] data, meta-data
* BRIK, HEAD – [[Afni|AFNI]] data, meta-data
* MGH – uncompressed, [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] imaging format, used by the [[FreeSurfer]] brain analysis package
* MGZ – [[ZIP (file format)|zip]]-compressed, [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] imaging format, used by the [[FreeSurfer]] brain analysis package
* MINC – [[Medical Imaging NetCDF]] format
* MNC – previously based on NetCDF; since version 2.0, based on HDF5

=== Biomedical signals (time series) ===
* ACQ – AcqKnowledge format for Windows/PC from Biopac Systems Inc., Goleta, CA, USA
* ADICHT – LabChart format from ADInstruments Pty Ltd, Bella Vista NSW, Australia
* [[BCI2000]] – The [[BCI2000]] project, Albany, NY, USA
* BDF – BioSemi data format from BioSemi B.V. Amsterdam, Netherlands
* BKR – The EEG data format developed at the University of Technology Graz, Austria
* CFWB – Chart Data Format from ADInstruments Pty Ltd, Bella Vista NSW, Australia
* [[DICOM]] – Waveform An extension of Dicom for storing waveform data
* ecgML – A markup language for electrocardiogram data acquisition and analysis
* EDF, EDF+ – [[European Data Format]]
* FEF – File Exchange Format for Vital signs, CEN TS 14271
* [https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0608052 GDF] – The General Data Format for biomedical signals
* HL7aECG – Health Level 7 v3 annotated ECG
* MFER – Medical waveform Format Encoding Rules
* OpenXDF – Open Exchange Data Format from Neurotronics, Inc., Gainesville, FL, USA
* [[SCP-ECG]] – Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography EN1064:2007
* SIGIF – A digital SIGnal Interchange Format with application in neurophysiology
* WFDB – Format of Physiobank
* [https://code.google.com/p/xdf/ XDF] – eXtensible Data Format

=== Other biomedical formats ===
* HL7 – [[Health Level 7]], a framework for exchange, integration, sharing, and retrieval of health information electronically
* [[xDT]] – a family of data exchange formats for medical records

=== Biometric formats ===
* [[CBF (file format)|CBF]] – Common Biometric Format, based on CBEFF 2.0 (Common Biometric ExFramework).
* [[EBF (file format)|EBF]] – Extended Biometric Format, based on CBF but with [[S/MIME]] encryption support and semantic extensions 
* [[CBFX (file format)|CBFX]] – XML Common Biometric Format, based upon XCBF 1.1 (OASIS XML Common Biometric Format) 
* [[EBFX]] – XML Extended Biometric Format, based on CBFX but with W3C XML Encryption support and semantic extensions

== {{visible anchor|Programming languages and scripts|Script}} ==
* A – an external file extension for C/C++
* ADB – [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] body
* ADS – [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] specification
* AHK – [[AutoHotkey]] script file
* APPLESCRIPT – [[applescript]]: see SCPT
* AS – [[Adobe Flash]] [[ActionScript]] File
* AU3 – [[AutoIt|AutoIt version 3]]
* AWK – [[AWK]]
* B – (B file) Similar to .a, but less compressed.
* BAS – [[QBasic]] & [[QuickBASIC]]
* BAT – [[Batch file]]
* BTM – [[Batch file]]
* C – [[C (programming language)|C]] 
* CIA – Nintendo 3DS Software Installation File, short for "CTR Importable Archive"
* CJS – [[JavaScript]] CommonJS module
* CLASS – Compiled [[Java (programming language)|Java]] binary
* CLJS – [[ClojureScript]]
* CLS – [[Object REXX|ooRexx]] class file
* CMD – [[Batch file]]
* command – [[File (command)|A shell script, specifically associated with the Terminal on macOS]]
* Coffee – [[CoffeeScript]]
* CPP – [[C++]]
* CS – [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]]
* DART – [[Dart (programming language)]]
* EBUILD – [[Gentoo Linux]]'s portage package.
* EGG – [[Chicken Scheme compiler|Chicken]]
* EGT – EGT Asterisk Application Source File, EGT Universal Document
* ERB – [[Embedded Ruby]], [[Ruby on Rails]] Script File
* FS – [[F Sharp (programming language)|F#]]
* GO – [[Go (programming language)|Go]]
* GD – [[Godot (game engine)|GDscript (Godot)]]
* HC – [[HolyC]] source code file
* HTA – [[HTA (programming language)|HTML Application]]
* HX – [[Haxe]] source code file
* HXML – [[Haxe]] project configuration file
* IBI – Icarus script
* ICI – ICI
* IJS – [[J (programming language)|J]] script
* INO – [[Arduino]] sketch (program)
* IPYNB – [[IPython]] Notebook
* ITCL – [[Itcl]]
* JS – [[JavaScript]] and [[JScript]]
* JSFL – [[Adobe JavaScript language]]
* JSX – [[JSX (JavaScript)]]
* KT – [[Kotlin (programming language)|Kotlin]]
* LUA – [[Lua programming language|Lua]]
* M – [[Mathematica]] package file
* MJS – JavaScript [[ECMAScript]] Module
* MRC – [[MIRC script|mIRC Script]]
* NCF – [[NetWare]] Command File<ref>{{cite web |title=Definition of NCF file |url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/ncf-file |website=PCMAG |access-date=29 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bastiaansen |first1=Rob |last2=Vugt |first2=Sander van |title=Novell Cluster Services for Linux and NetWare |date=9 May 2006 |publisher=Pearson Education |isbn=978-0-672-33283-8 |page=27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xE_RCwFklzcC&pg=PT27 |access-date=29 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref> (scripting for Novell's NetWare OS)
* NQP – [[Raku (programming language)|Raku language]] Not Quite Perl, or Raku bootstrapping language<ref name="Filename extensions">{{cite web | url=https://docs.raku.org/language/filename-extensions | title=Filename extensions }}</ref>
* NUC – compiled script
* NUD – [[C++]] External module written in C++
* NUT – [[Squirrel programming language|Squirrel]]
* O – Compiled and optimized [[C (programming language)|C]]/[[C++]] binary
* PDE – [[Processing (programming language)]], Processing script
* PHP – [[PHP]]
* PHP? – [[PHP]] (? = version number)
* PL – [[Perl]]
* PM – [[Perl module]]
* PS1 – [[Windows PowerShell]] shell script
* PS1XML – [[Windows PowerShell]] format and type definitions
* PSC1 – [[Windows PowerShell]] console file
* PSD1 – [[Windows PowerShell]] data file
* PSM1 – [[Windows PowerShell]] module file
* PY – [[Python (programming language)|Python]]
* PYC – [[Python (programming language)|Python]] byte code files
* PYO – [[Python (programming language)|Python]]
* R – [[R (programming language)|R scripts]]
* R – [[REBOL|REBOL scripts]]
* RAKU – [[Raku (programming language)|Raku language]] Raku script (compiled into memory)<ref name="Filename extensions"/>
* RAKUDOC – [[Raku (programming language)|Raku language]] Raku documentation file (a slang or sublanguage of Raku)
* RAKUMOD – [[Raku (programming language)|Raku language]] Raku module (precompiled)
* RAKUTEST – [[Raku (programming language)|Raku language]] Unit test files in Raku
* RB – [[Ruby programming language|Ruby]]
* RDP – [[Remote Desktop Protocol|RDP]] connection
* RED – [[Red (programming language)|Red scripts]]
* REX, REXX – [[Object REXX|Rexx]] and [[Object REXX|ooRexx]] script file
* RS – [[Rust (programming language)]]
* RXS, REXG, REXP – [[Object REXX|ooRexx]] script file
* SB, SB2, SB3 – [[Scratch (programming language)|Scratch]] Project file
* SCPT – [[Applescript]]
* SCPTD – See SCPT.
* SDL – [[State Description Language]]
* SH – [[Shell script]]
* SPRITE3 – [https://scratch.mit.edu/ Scratch 3.0] exported sprite file
* SPWN – [https://spu7nix.net/spwn SPWN] source file
* SVELTE – [[Svelte]] component
* SYJS – SyMAT JavaScript
* SYPY – SyMAT Python
* TCL – [[Tcl]]
* TNS – [https://fileinfo.com/extension/tns Ti-Nspire Code/File]
* TS – [[TypeScript]]
* TSCN – Used to store [[Godot (game engine)|Godot]] scenes
* TSX – TypeScript JSX equivalent
* UP − Pocket Up project
* VBS – [[VBScript|Visual Basic Script]]
* VUE – [[Vue.js]] component
* WASM – [[WebAssembly]] compiled binary
* WAT – WebAssembly source code file
* XAML – Used in programs like Visual Studio to create [[.exe|exe]] files.
* XPL – [[XProc]] script/pipeline

== Security ==
Authentication and general encryption formats are listed here.

* OMF – OpenPGP Message Format used by [[Pretty Good Privacy]], [[GNU Privacy Guard]], and other [[OpenPGP]] software; can contain keys, signed data, or encrypted data; can be binary or text ("[[ASCII armor]]ed")

=== Certificates and keys ===
* GXK – Galaxkey, an encryption platform for authorized, private and confidential email communication{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}
* SSH – [[OpenSSH]] private key, [[Secure Shell]] [[private key]]; format generated by [[ssh-keygen]] or converted from PPK with [[PuTTYgen]]<ref name="wipo" /><ref name="leading" /><ref name="leo" />
* PUB – [[OpenSSH]] public key, [[Secure Shell]] [[public key]]; format generated by [[ssh-keygen]] or [[PuTTY]]gen<ref name="wipo" /><ref name="leading" /><ref name="leo" />
* PPK – [[PuTTY]] private key, [[Secure Shell]] [[private key]], in the format generated by [[PuTTY]]gen instead of the format used by [[OpenSSH]]<ref name="wipo" >{{cite web|url=http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/en/pct-edi/software/setup/putty-setup.html|title=Setting Up and Using PuTTY|website=Wipo.int}}</ref><ref name="leading">{{cite web |url=http://leadingedgescripts.co.uk/server-administration/how-to-convert-your-putty-ppk-private-key-to-a-normal-ssh-key-you-can-use-on-an-apple-mac/ |title=How to Convert Your Putty .PPK Private Key to a Normal SSH Key You Can Use on an Apple Mac &#124; These things are far too hard |website=leadingedgescripts.co.uk |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711141602/http://leadingedgescripts.co.uk/server-administration/how-to-convert-your-putty-ppk-private-key-to-a-normal-ssh-key-you-can-use-on-an-apple-mac/ |archive-date=11 July 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="leo" >Leo Notenboom. [http://ask-leo.com/how_do_i_create_and_use_public_keys_with_ssh.html "How do I create and use Public Keys with SSH?"]</ref>
* nSign – nSign public key nSign public key in a custom format<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Jayasooriya|first=Tarith|date=2020-09-16|title=nSign|url=https://tarithj.github.io/nsign/|access-date=2020-10-12|website=nsign}}</ref>

==== [[X.509]] ====
* CER, CRT, DER – [[Distinguished Encoding Rules]] stores certificates
* P7B, P7C – [[PKCS7|PKCS#7]] SignedData commonly appears without main data, just certificates or [[Revocation list|certificate revocation list]]s (CRLs)
* P12, PFX – [[PKCS 12|PKCS#12]] can store public certificates and private keys
* PEM – [[Privacy-enhanced Electronic Mail]]: full format not widely used, but often used to store [[Distinguished Encoding Rules]] in [[Base64]] format
* PFX – Microsoft predecessor of PKCS#12

=== Encrypted files ===

This section shows file formats for encrypted general data, rather than a specific program's data.

* AXX – Encrypted file, created with [[AxCrypt]]
* [[Encrypted Email Attachment|EEA]] – An encrypted CAB, ostensibly for protecting email attachments
* TC – Virtual encrypted disk container, created by [[TrueCrypt]]
* KODE – Encrypted file, created with KodeFile
* nSignE – An encrypted private key, created by nSign<ref name=":0" />

=== Password files ===

[[Password]] files (sometimes called keychain files) contain lists of other passwords, usually encrypted.

* BPW – Encrypted password file created by Bitser password manager
* KDB – [[KeePass]] 1 database
* KDBX – [[KeePass]] 2 database

== Signal data (non-audio) ==

* ACQ – AcqKnowledge format for Windows/PC from Biopac
* ADICHT – LabChart format from ADInstruments
* BKR – The EEG data format developed at the University of Technology Graz
* BDF, CFG – Configuration file for [[Comtrade]] data
* CFWB – Chart Data format from [[ADInstruments]]
* DAT – Raw data file for [[Comtrade]] data
* EDF – European data format
* [[FEF (file format)|FEF]] – File Exchange Format for Vital signs
* [[General Data Format for Biomedical Signals|GDF]] – General data formats for biomedical signals
* GMS – Gesture And Motion Signal format
* IROCK – intelliRock Sensor Data File Format
* [[MFER]] – Medical waveform Format Encoding Rules
* SAC – Seismic Analysis Code, earthquake seismology data format<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ds.iris.edu/files/sac-manual/manual/file_format.html|title=SAC Data File Format|website=Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology}}</ref>
* [[SCP-ECG]] – Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography
* SEED, MSEED – Standard for the Exchange of Earthquake Data, seismological data and sensor metadata<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fdsn.org/seed_manual/SEEDManual_V2.4.pdf|title=Standard for the Exchange of Earthquake Data|website=Data Formats|publisher=IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology)|access-date=5 May 2016}}</ref>
* [[SEG Y|SEGY]] – [[Reflection seismology]] data format
* SIGIF – SIGnal Interchange Format
* WIN, WIN32 – NIED/ERI seismic data format (.cnt)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eoc.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/WIN/Eindex.html|title=What is WIN system?|publisher=Earthquake Observation Center, Earthquake Research Institute, U. Tokyo, Japan|language=ja|access-date=5 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402173941/http://eoc.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/WIN/Eindex.html|archive-date=2 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Sound and music ==
{{See also|List of audio file formats}}

=== [[Audio compression (data)#Difficulties in lossless compression of audio data|Lossless]] audio ===

==== Uncompressed ====
* [[8SVX]] – Commodore-Amiga 8-bit sound (usually in an [[Interchange File Format|IFF]] container)
* [[8SVX|16SVX]] – Commodore-Amiga 16-bit sound (usually in an [[Interchange File Format|IFF]] container)
* [[Audio Interchange File Format|AIFF]], AIF, AIFC – Audio Interchange File Format
* [[Au file format|AU]] – Simple [[audio file format]] introduced by [[Sun Microsystems]]
* AUP3 – [[Audacity (audio editor)|Audacity]]'s file for when you save a song
* [[Broadcast Wave Format|BWF]] – Broadcast Wave Format, an extension of WAVE
* [[Red Book (audio CD standard)|CDDA]] – Compact Disc Digital Audio
* [[Direct Stream Digital|DSF, DFF]] – [[Direct Stream Digital]] audio file, also used in [[Super Audio CD]]
* [[Raw audio format|RAW]] – Raw samples without any header or sync
* [[WAV]] – Microsoft Wave
* CWAV – file read by the Nintendo 3DS for Home-screen sound effects
* QAU, QUEYEAUDIO - Queye Audio file, adapted from WAVE with specific metadata, generally for artists to submit music to their labels.
* QAU0 - Proprietary version of the Queye Audio file, without metadata.

==== Compressed ====
* RA, RM – [[RealAudio]] format
* [[FLAC]] – [[Libre software|Free]] lossless codec of the [[Ogg]] project
* LA – [[Lossless audio]]
* PAC – [[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]
* APE – [[Monkey's Audio]]
* OFR, OFS, OFF – [[OptimFROG]]
* RKA – RKAU
* SHN – [[Shorten (file format)|Shorten]]
* TAK – Tom's Lossless Audio Kompressor<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=TAK|title=TAK|work=hydrogenaud.io}}</ref>
* THD – [[Dolby TrueHD]]
* TTA – Free lossless audio codec (True Audio)
* WV – [[WavPack]]
* WMA – [[Windows Media Audio]] 9 Lossless
* BCWAV – Nintendo 3DS Home-screen BGM file
* BRSTM – Binary Revolution Stream<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pcsupport.about.com/od/fileextensions/f/brstmfile.htm|title=BRSTM File (What It Is & How To Open One)|author=Tim Fisher|work=About.com Tech|access-date=20 March 2012|archive-date=5 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505003508/http://pcsupport.about.com/od/fileextensions/f/brstmfile.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* DTS, DTSHD, DTSMA – [[DTS (sound system)]]
* AST – [[Nintendo]] Audio Stream
* AW – [[Nintendo]] Audio Sample used in first-party games
* PSF – [[Portable Sound Format]], PlayStation variant (originally PlayStation Sound Format)

=== [[Data compression#Lossy audio compression|Lossy]] audio ===
* [[Dolby AC3|AC3]] – Usually used for [[Dolby Digital]] tracks
* [[Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec|AMR]] – For [[GSM]] and [[Universal Mobile Telecommunications System|UMTS]] based mobile phones
* [[MP1]] – [[Moving Picture Experts Group|MPEG]] [http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-1/audio Layer 1]
* [[MP2 (format)|MP2]] – [[Moving Picture Experts Group|MPEG]] [http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-1/audio Layer 2]
* [[MP3]] – [[Moving Picture Experts Group|MPEG]] [http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-1/audio Layer 3]
* SPX – [[Speex]] ([[Ogg]] project, specialized for voice, low bitrates)
* [[GSM]] – GSM [[Full Rate]], originally developed for use in mobile phones
* WMA – [[Windows Media Audio]]
* [[Advanced Audio Coding|AAC]] – Advanced Audio Coding (usually in an [[MPEG-4]] container)
* [[Musepack|MPC]] – Musepack
* [[TwinVQ|VQF]] – Yamaha TwinVQ
* [[OTS (file format)|OTS]] – Audio File (similar to MP3, with more data stored in the file and slightly better compression; designed for use with [[OtsLabs]]' [[OtsAV]])
* SWA – [[Adobe Shockwave]] Audio (Same compression as [[MP3]] with additional header information specific to [[Adobe Director]])
* VOX – [[Dialogic ADPCM]] Low Sample Rate Digitized Voice
* VOC – [[Creative Labs]] [[Soundblaster]] Creative Voice 8-bit & 16-bit Also output format of RCA Audio Recorders
* DWD – DiamondWare Digitized
* SMP – Turtlebeach SampleVision
* [[Ogg|OGG]] – Ogg Vorbis

=== [[Tracker music|Tracker]] modules and related ===
* [[MOD (file format)|MOD]] – Soundtracker and Protracker sample and melody modules
* MT2 – [http://www.madtracker.org/about.php MadTracker] 2 module
* [[S3M (file format)|S3M]] – [[Scream Tracker]] 3 module
* [[XM (file format)|XM]] – [[Fast Tracker]] module
* [[IT (file format)|IT]] – [[Impulse Tracker]] module
* SNG – Goat Tracker module
* NSF – [[NES Sound Format]]
* MID, MIDI – Standard [[Musical Instrument Digital Interface|MIDI]] file; most often just notes and controls but occasionally also sample dumps (.mid, .rmi)
* FTM – [http://www.famitracker.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page FamiTracker] Project file
* BTM – [https://github.com/rerrahkr/BambooTracker BambooTracker] Project file
* FUR – [https://tildearrow.org/furnace/ Furnace Tracker] Project file

=== Sheet music files ===
* ABC – [[ABC notation|ABC Notation]] sheet music file
* DARMS – [[DARMS File Format]] also known as the Ford-Columbia Format
* ETF – [[Enigma Transportation Format]] abandoned sheet music exchange format
* GP – [[Guitar Pro]] sheet music and tablature file
* KERN – [[HumDrum File Format|Kern File Format]] sheet music file
* LY – [[GNU LilyPond|LilyPond]] sheet music file
* MEI – [[Music Encoding Initiative]] file format that attempts to encode all musical notations
* MIDI – [[MIDI]] file format that is a music sheet for instruments
* MUS, MUSX – [[Finale (software)|Finale]] sheet music file
* MXL, XML – [[MusicXML]] standard sheet music exchange format
* MSCX, MSCZ – [[MuseScore]] sheet music file
* SMDL – [[Standard Music Description Language]] sheet music file
* SIB – [[Sibelius (computer program)|Sibelius]] sheet music file

=== Other file formats pertaining to audio ===
* ASF – [[Advanced Systems Format]]
* CUST – DeliPlayer custom sound format
* GYM – [[Sega Genesis|Genesis]] [[YM2612]] log
* [[JAM notation|JAM]] – [[JAM notation|Jam music format]]
* MNG – Background music for the [[Creatures (artificial life program)|Creatures]] game series, starting from Creatures 2
* NIFF – [[Notation Interchange File Format]]
* PTB – [[Power Tab Editor]] [[Tablature|tab]]
* PVD – Portable Voice Document used for Oaisys & Mitel call recordings
* RMJ – RealJukebox Media used for [[RealPlayer]]
* SF2 – Polyphone Soundfont 2
* SF3 – Polyphone Soundfont 3
* SF4 – Polyphone Soundfont 4
* SID – [[MOS Technology SID#Software emulation|Sound Interface Device]] – Commodore 64 instructions to play SID music and sound effects
* [[SPC700 sound format|SPC]] – [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super NES]] sound format
* TXM – Track ax media
* [[VGM (file format)|VGM]] – Stands for "Video Game Music", log for several different chips
* YM – Atari ST/Amstrad CPC [[YM2149]] sound chip format

== Playlist formats ==

* AIMPPL – AIMP Playlist format
* ASX – Advanced Stream Redirector
* RAM – [[Real Audio Metafile]] For RealAudio files only.
* XPL – [[HDi (interactivity)|HDi]] playlist
* XSPF – [[XML Shareable Playlist Format]]
* ZPL – [[Groove Music]] Playlist format from Microsoft
* [[M3U]] – Multimedia [[playlist]] file
* [[PLS (file format)|PLS]] – Multimedia [[playlist]], originally developed for use with the museArc
* QAUA – "Queye Audio Album", set of Queye Audio files with album metadata.

== Audio editing and music production ==
* ALS – [[Ableton Live]] set
* ALC – [[Ableton Live]] clip
* ALP – [[Ableton Live]] pack
* ATMOS, AUDIO, METADATA – [[Dolby Atmos]] Rendering and Mastering related file
* AUP – [[Audacity (audio editor)|Audacity]] project file
* AUP3 – Audacity 3.0 project file
* BAND – [[GarageBand]] project file
* CEL – [[Adobe Audition]] loop file (''C''ool ''E''dit ''L''oop)
* CAU – Caustic project file
* CPR – [[Steinberg]] [[Cubase]] project file
* CWP – [[Cakewalk by BandLab]] project file
* DRM – [[Steinberg]] [[Cubase]] drum file
* DWP – DirectWave Sampler Instrument file (mainly used for [[FL Studio Mobile]])
* DMKIT – [[Image-Line]]'s [[Drumaxx]] drum kit file
* ENS – [[Native Instruments|Native Instruments Reaktor]] Ensemble
* FLM – [[Image-Line|Image Line]] [[FL Studio Mobile]] project file
* FLP – [[Image-Line|Image Line]] [[FL Studio]] project file
* GRIR – [[Native Instruments|Native Instruments Komplete]] Guitar Rig Impulse Response
* LOGIC – [[Logic Pro X]] project file
* MMP – [[LMMS]] project file (alternatively MMPZ for [[File compression|compressed]] formats)
* MMR – [[MAGIX Music Maker]] project file
* MX6HS – [[Mixcraft 6 Home Studio]] project file
* NPR – [[Steinberg]] [[Nuendo]] project file
* OMF, OMFI – [[Open Media Framework Interchange]] OMFI succeeds OMF (Open Media Framework)
* PTX – [[Pro Tools]] 10 or later project file
* PTF – [[Pro Tools]] 7 up to [[Pro Tools]] 9 project file
* PTS – Legacy [[Pro Tools]] project file
* RIN – Soundways RIN-M file containing sound recording participant credits and song information
* RPP, RPP-BAK – [[REAPER]] project file
* REAPEAKS – [[REAPER]] peak (waveform cache) file
* SES – [[Adobe Audition]] multitrack session file
* SFK – [[Sound Forge]] waveform cache file
* SFL – [[Sound Forge]] sound file
* SNG – [[MIDI]] sequence file ([[MidiSoft]], [[Korg]], etc.) or [[n-Track Studio]] project file
* STF – [[StudioFactory]] project file. It contains all necessary patches, samples, tracks and settings to play the file
* SND – [[Akai MPC]] sound file
* SYN – [[SynFactory]] project file. It contains all necessary patches, samples, tracks and settings to play the file
* UST – [[Utau]] Editor sequence excluding [[WAV|wave]]-file
* USTX – [[Utau|OpenUtau]] project file
* VCLS – VocaListener project file
* VPR – [[Vocaloid]] 5 Editor sequence excluding [[WAV|wave]]-file
* VSQ – [[Vocaloid]] 2 Editor sequence excluding [[WAV|wave]]-file
* VSQX – [[Vocaloid]] 3 & 4 Editor sequence excluding [[WAV|wave]]-file

== Recorded television formats ==

* [[DVR-MS]] – [[Windows XP Media Center Edition]]'s [[Windows Media Center]] recorded television format
* [[WTV (Windows Recorded TV Show)|WTV]] – [[Windows Vista]]'s and up [[Windows Media Center]] recorded television format

== Source code for computer programs ==

* ADA, ADB, 2.ADA – [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] (body) source
* ADS, 1.ADA – Ada (specification) source
* ASM, S – [[Assembly language]] source
* BAS – [[BASIC]], [[FreeBASIC]], [[Visual Basic]], [[BASIC-PLUS]] source,<ref name=dec-11-orsua-d-d/> [[PICAXE]] basic
* BB – [[Blitz Basic]] Blitz3D
* BMX – [[Blitz Basic]] BlitzMax
* C – [[C (programming language)|C]] source
* CLJ – [[Clojure]] source code
* CLS – [[Visual Basic]] class
* COB, CBL – [[COBOL]] source
* CPP, CC, CXX, C, CBP – [[C++]] source
* CS – [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] source
* CSPROJ – [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] project (Visual Studio .NET)
* D – [[D (programming language)|D]] source
* DBA – [[DarkBASIC]] source
* DBPro123 – [[DarkBASIC Professional]] project
* E – [[Eiffel (programming language)|Eiffel]] source
* EFS – EGT Forever Source File
* EGT – EGT Asterisk Source File, could be J, C#, VB.net, EF 2.0 (EGT Forever)
* EL – [[Emacs Lisp]] source
* FOR, FTN, F, F77, F90 – [[Fortran]] source
* FRM – [[Visual Basic]] form
* FRX – [[Visual Basic]] form stash file (binary form file)
* FTH – [[Forth (programming language)|Forth]] source
* GED – [[GameMaker: Studio|Game Maker]] Extension Editable file as of version 7.0
* GM6 – Game Maker Editable file as of version 6.x
* GMD – Game Maker Editable file up to version 5.x
* GMK – Game Maker Editable file as of version 7.0
* GML – Game Maker Language script file
* GO – [[Go (programming language)|Go]] source
* H – C/C++ [[header file]]
* HPP, HXX – C++ [[header file]]
* HS – [[Haskell]] source
* I – [[SWIG]] interface file
* INC – [[Turbo Pascal]] included source
* JAVA – [[Java (programming language)|Java]] source
* JS – [[JavaScript]] source
* L – [[lex (software)|lex]] source
* LGT – [[Logtalk]] source
* LISP – [[Common Lisp]] source
* M – [[Objective-C]] source
* M – [[MATLAB]]
* M – [[Mathematica]]
* MAP – [[CodeWarrior]] linker file
* M4 – [[M4 (computer language)|m4]] source
* ML – [[Standard ML]] and [[OCaml]] source
* MSQR – M² source file, created by Mattia Marziali
* N – Nemerle source
* NB – Nuclear Basic source
* P – [[Parser]] source
* PAS, PP, P – [[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]] source (DPR for projects)
* PHP, PHP3, PHP4, PHP5, PHPS, Phtml – [[PHP]] source
* PIV – Pivot stickfigure animator
* PL, PM – [[Perl]]
* PLI, PL1 – [[PL/I]]
* PRG – Ashton-Tate; dbII, dbIII and dbIV, db, db7, clipper, Microsoft Fox and FoxPro, harbour, xharbour, and Xbase
* PRO – [[IDL (programming language)|IDL]]
* POL – Apcera Policy Language doclet
* PY – [[Python (programming language)|Python]] source
* R – [[R (programming language)|R]] source
* raku, rakumod, rakudoc, rakutest, nqp – [[Raku (programming language)|Raku Language]]
* RED – [[Red (programming language)|Red]] source
* REDS – [[Red (programming language)|Red/System]] source
* RB – [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]] source
* RESX – Resource file for [[.NET]] applications
* RC, RC2 – Resource script files to generate resources for [[.NET]] applications
* RKT, RKTL – [[Racket (programming language)|Racket]] source
* RS – [[Rust (programming language)|Rust]] source
* Resources – [[Visual Studio Code]]
* S – [[CodeWarrior]] / [[PowerPC]] ASM
* SCALA – [[Scala (programming language)|Scala]] source
* SCI, SCE – [[Scilab]]
* SCM – [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]] source
* SD7 – [[Seed7]] source
* SKB, SKC – Sage Retrieve 4GL Common Area (Main and Amended backup)
* SKD – Sage Retrieve 4GL Database
* SKF, SKG – Sage Retrieve 4GL File Layouts (Main and Amended backup)
* SKI – Sage Retrieve 4GL Instructions
* SKK – Sage Retrieve 4GL Report Generator
* SKM – Sage Retrieve 4GL Menu
* SKO – Sage Retrieve 4GL Program
* SKP, SKQ – Sage Retrieve 4GL Print Layouts (Main and Amended backup)
* SKS, SKT – Sage Retrieve 4GL Screen Layouts (Main and Amended backup)
* SKZ – Sage Retrieve 4GL Security File
* SLN – [[Visual Studio]] solution
* SPIN – [[Spin (programming language)|Spin]] source (for [[Parallax Propeller]] microcontrollers)
* STK – Stickfigure file for Pivot stickfigure animator
* SWG – [[SWIG]] source code
* TCL – [[Tcl]] source code
* VAP – [[Visual Studio]] Analyzer project
* VB – [[VB.NET|Visual Basic.NET]] source
* VBG – [[Visual Studio]] compatible project group
* VBP, VIP – [[Visual Basic]] project
* VBPROJ – [[Visual Basic .NET]] project
* VCPROJ – [[Visual C++]] project
* VDPROJ – [[Visual Studio]] deployment project
* XPL – [[XProc]] script/pipeline
* XQ – [[XQuery]] file
* XSL – [[XSLT]] stylesheet
* Y – [[yacc]] source

== Spreadsheet ==
* 123 – [[Lotus 1-2-3]]
* AB2 – [[Abykus]] worksheet
* AB3 – Abykus workbook
* AWS – [[Ability Office|Ability]] Spreadsheet
* BCSV – [[Nintendo]] proprietary table format
* CLF – [[ThinkFree Office|ThinkFree]] Calc
* CELL – Haansoft(Hancom) SpreadSheet software document
* CSV – [[Comma-separated values|Comma-Separated Values]]
* GSHEET – [[Google Drive]] Spreadsheet
* numbers – Apple Numbers Spreadsheet
* gnumeric – [[Gnumeric]] [[spreadsheet]], a [[gzip]]ed [[XML]] file
* LCW – [[Lucid 3-D]]
* ODS – [[OpenDocument]] spreadsheet
* OTS – [[OpenDocument]] spreadsheet template
* QPW – [[Quattro Pro]] spreadsheet
* PMDX – [[SoftMaker]] PlanMaker
* SDC – [[StarOffice]] StarCalc Spreadsheet
* SLK – [[SYLK]] (SYmbolic LinK)
* STC – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) Spreadsheet template
* SXC – [[OpenOffice.org XML]] (obsolete) Spreadsheet
* TAB – tab delimited columns; also TSV ([[Tab-separated values|Tab-Separated Values]])
* TXT – text file
* VC – Visicalc
* WK1 – [[Lotus 1-2-3]] up to version 2.01
* WK3 – [[Lotus 1-2-3]] version 3.0
* WK4 – [[Lotus 1-2-3]] version 4.0
* WKS – [[Lotus 1-2-3]]
* WKS – [[Microsoft Works]]
* WQ1 – [[Quattro Pro]] DOS version
* XLK – [[Microsoft Excel]] worksheet backup
* XLS – [[Microsoft Excel]] worksheet sheet (97–2003)
* XLSB – [[Microsoft Excel]] binary workbook
* XLSM – [[Microsoft Excel]] Macro-enabled workbook
* XLSX – [[Office Open XML]] worksheet sheet, there are at least 4 quite different versions of Microsoft's XLSX: 1) ECMA-376, 2)ISO/IEC 29500 Transitional, 3) ISO/IEC 29500 Strict, 4) Microsoft-specific Compatibility Modes.
* XLR – [[Microsoft Works]] version 6.0
* XLT – [[Microsoft Excel]] worksheet template
* XLTM – [[Microsoft Excel]] Macro-enabled worksheet template
* XLW – [[Microsoft Excel]] worksheet workspace (version 4.0)

== Tabulated data ==
* TSV – [[Tab-separated values]]
* CSV – [[Comma-separated values]]
* [[databank format|DB]] – databank format; accessible by many [[econometrics|econometric]] applications
* [[data Interchange Format|DIF]] – accessible by many [[spreadsheet]] applications

== Video ==
{{Main|video file format}}
* [[3GP]] – the most common video format for [[cell phones]]
* [[Advanced Authoring Format|AAF]] – mostly intended to hold edit decisions and rendering information, but can also contain compressed media essence
* AT3 – Sony's UMD data compression
* [[Graphics Interchange Format|GIF]] – Animated GIF (simple animation; until recently often avoided because of patent problems)
* [[Advanced Systems Format|ASF]] – container (enables any form of [[video compression|compression]] to be used; [[MPEG-4]] is common; video in ASF-containers is also called [[Windows Media Video]] (WMV))
* [[Advanced Video Codec High Definition|AVCHD]] – Advanced Video Codec High Definition
* [[Audio Video Interleave|AVI]] – container (a shell, which enables any form of compression to be used)
* [[Bink Video|BIK]] – Bink Video file. A video compression system developed by RAD Game Tools
* BRAW – a high bitrate video format used by [[Blackmagic Design]] cameras.
* [[CAM (file format)|CAM]] – [[aMSN]] webcam log file
* COLLAB – Blackboard Collaborate session recording 
* [[Digital Audio Tape|DAT]] – video standard data file (automatically created when we attempted to burn as video file on the CD)
* [[DVR-MS]] – [[Windows XP Media Center Edition]]'s [[Windows Media Center]] recorded television format
* [[Flash Video|FLV]] – Flash video (encoded to run in a flash animation)
* [[MPEG-1]] – M1V Video
* [[MPEG-2]] – M2V Video
* NOA – rare movie format use in some Japanese eroges around 2002
* [[Adobe Flash#FLA|FLA]] – [[Adobe Flash]] (for producing)
* FLR – (text file which contains scripts extracted from SWF by a free ActionScript decompiler named [[FLARE]])
* SOL – [[Adobe Flash]] shared object ("[[Flash cookie]]")
* STR – [[PlayStation (console)|Sony PlayStation]] video stream
* [[M4V]] – video container file format developed by [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]
* MKV – [[Matroska]] Matroska is a container format, which enables any video format such as [[MPEG-4 Part 2|MPEG-4 ASP]] or [[H.264/MPEG-4 AVC|AVC]] to be used along with other content such as [[Subtitle (captioning)|subtitle]]s and detailed [[metadata|meta]] information
* WRAP – [[MediaForge]] (*.wrap)
* [[Multiple-image Network Graphics|MNG]] – mainly simple animation containing PNG and JPEG objects, often somewhat more complex than animated GIF
* MOV – [[QuickTime#File formats|QuickTime]] container which enables any form of compression to be used; [[Sorenson codec]] is the most common; [[QTCH]] is the filetype for cached video and audio streams
* MPEG, MPG, MPE – [[MPEG]]
* THP – [[Nintendo]] proprietary movie/video format
* MPEG-4 – [[MPEG-4 Part 14]], shortened "[[MP4]]" multimedia container (most often used for Sony's [[PlayStation Portable]] and Apple's [[iPod]])
* MXF – [[Material Exchange Format]] (standardized wrapper format for audio/visual material developed by [[SMPTE]])
* ROQ – used by ''[[Quake III Arena]]''
* NSV – [[Nullsoft Streaming Video|NSV]] Nullsoft Streaming Video (media container designed for streaming video content over the Internet)
* [[Ogg|OGG]] – container, multimedia
* RM – [[RealMedia]]
* SVI – [[SVI (file format)|SVI]] Samsung video format for portable players
* [[Smacker video|SMK]] – Smacker video file. A video compression system developed by RAD Game Tools
* [[SWF]] – [[Adobe Flash]] (for viewing)
* TORRENT – A file that does not hold the video, but simply where the video is located (Can also be used to store the location of a software or audio)
* [[Windows Media Video|WMV]] – Windows Media Video (See ASF)
* [[WTV (Windows Recorded TV Show)|WTV]] – [[Windows Vista]]'s and up [[Windows Media Center]] recorded television format
* [[YUV]] – raw video format; resolution (horizontal x vertical) and sample structure 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 must be known explicitly
* [[WebM]] – video file format for web video using HTML5

=== Subtitles ===
* ASS, SSA – [[SubStation Alpha|ASS (also SSA)]]: a subtitles file created by [[Aegisub]], a video typesetting application (also a [[Halo (series)|Halo]] game engine file)
* SMI – [[SAMI|SMI]] SAMI Caption file (HTML like subtitle for movie files)
* SRT – SubRip Subtitle – file format for closed captioning or subtitles

=== Video editing, production ===
* BRAW – [[Blackmagic Design]] RAW video file name
* DRP – [[DaVinci Resolve|Davinci Resolve 17]] project file
* FCP – [[Final Cut Pro]] project file
* MSWMM – [[Windows Movie Maker]] project file
* PDS – [[PowerDirector|Cyberlink PowerDirector]] project
* PPJ, PRPROJ – [[Adobe Premiere Pro]] video editing file
* AEP – [[Adobe After Effects]] video editing file
* IMOVIEPROJ – [[iMovie]] project file
* VEG, VEG-BAK – Sony Vegas project file
* SUF – Sony camera configuration file (setup.suf) produced by XDCAM-EX camcorders
* WLMP – [[Windows Live Movie Maker]] project file
* KDENLIVE – [[:fr:Kdenlive|Kdenlive]] project file
* VPJ – [[VideoPad]] project file
* MOTN – Apple [https://www.apple.com/final-cut-pro/motion/ Motion] project file
* IMOVIEMOBILE – iMovie project file for [[iOS]] users
* WFP, WVE – Wondershare [[Filmora]] Project
* VPROJ – [[VSDC Free Video Editor]] project file

== Video game data ==
List of common file formats of data for video games on systems that support filesystems, most commonly PC games.

=== osu! ===
These formats are used by the video game ''[[osu!]]''.
* OSB – storyboard data
* OSC – osu!stream combined stream data
* OSF2 – free osu!stream song file
* OSG – compressed live gameplay archive (optimized for spectating)
* OSK – compressed skin archive
* OSR – compressed replay archive
* OSU – beatmap data
* OSZ – compressed beatmap archive
* OSZ2 – paid osu!stream song file

=== ''Minecraft'' ===
These formats are used by the video game ''[[Minecraft]]''.
* MCADDON – ''[[Bedrock Edition]]'' add-ons and resource packs
* MCFUNCTION – functions/scripts
* MCMETA – customizable texture packs
* MCPACK – ''Bedrock Edition'' in-game texture packs and full add-ons
* MCR – data for in-game worlds before version 1.2
* MCTEMPLATE – ''Bedrock Edition'' world templates
* MCWORLD – ''Bedrock Edition'' in-game worlds
* MCA – format used by ''Java Edition'' for storing data for in-game worlds<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fileinfo.com/extension/mca|title=MCA File Extension|work=FileInfo.com|access-date=26 December 2018}}</ref>
* NBT – format used by ''Java Edition'' for storing program variables along with their (Java) type identifiers
* NBS – used by Note Block Studio, a tool that can be used to make songs with note blocks in-game
* EPK – used by ''[[Eaglercraft]]'', an AOT compiled port of ''Minecraft'' which has been modified to run under [[TeaVM]], a Java emulator for HTML5 & JavaScript, for saving world data, resource packs, profiles and more.

=== TrackMania/Maniaplanet Engine ===
Formats used by games based on the ''[[TrackMania]]'' engine.
* GBX – All user-created content is stored in this file type.
** REPLAY.GBX – Stores the replay of a race.
** CHALLENGE.GBX, MAP.GBX – Stores tracks/maps.
** SYSTEMCONFIG.GBX – Launcher info.
** TRACKMANIAVEHICLE.GBX – Info about a certain car type.
** VEHICLETUNINGS.GBX – Vehicle physics.
** SOLID.GBX – A block's model.
** ITEM.GBX – Custom Maniaplanet item.
** BLOCK.GBX – Custom Maniaplanet block.
** TEXTURE.GBX – Info about a texture that are used in materials.
** MATERIAL.GBX – Info about a material such as surface type that are used in Solids.
** TMEDCLASSIC.GBX – Block info.
** GHOST.GBX – Player ghosts in ''[[Trackmania (2020 video game)|Trackmania]]'' and ''[[TrackMania Turbo]]''.
** CONTROLSTYLE.GBX – Menu files.
** SCORES.GBX – Stores info about the player's best times.
** PROFILE.GBX – Stores a player's info such as their login.
* DDS – Almost every texture in the game uses this format.
* PAK – Stores environment data such as valid blocks.
* LOC – A locator. Locators allow the game to download content such as car skins from an external server.
* SCRIPT.TXT – Scripts for Maniaplanet such as menus and game modes.
* XML – ManiaLinks.

=== [[Doom engine]] ===
Formats used by games based on the [[Doom (video game series)|''Doom'']] engine.
* [[Doom WAD|WAD]] – Data storage (contains music, maps, and textures)
* DEH – [[DeHackEd]] files to mutate the game executable (not officially part of the ''Doom'' engine)
* DSG – Saved game
* LMP – A "lump", an entry in a WAD file
* LMP – Saved demo recording
* MUS – Music file (usually contained within a WAD file)

=== [[Quake engine|''Quake'' engine]] ===
Formats used by games based on the [[Quake (series)|''Quake'']] engine.
* BSP – [[Binary space partitioning|BSP]]: (For [[binary space partitioning]]) compiled map format
* MAP – [[MAP (file format)|MAP]]: Raw map format used by [[Level editor|editors]] like [[GtkRadiant]] or [[Quake Army Knife|QuArK]]
* MDL, MD2, MD3, MD5 – MDL/[[MD2 (file format)|MD2]]/[[MD3 (file format)|MD3]]/[[MD5 (file format)|MD5]]: Model for an item used in the game
* PAK, PK2 – [[PAK (file format)|PAK]]/[[PK2 (file extension)|PK2]]: Data storage
* PK3, PK4 – [[PK3 (file extension)|PK3]]/[[PK4 (file extension)|PK4]]: used by the ''[[Quake II]]'', ''[[Quake III Arena]]'' and ''[[Quake 4]]'' game engines, respectively, to store game data, textures etc. They are actually [[.zip]] files.
* DAT – not specific file type, often generic extension for "data" files for a variety of applications, sometimes used for general data contained within the PK3/PK4 files
** FONTDAT – a DAT file used for formatting game fonts
* ROQ – Video format
* SAV – Savegame/Savefile format

=== [[Unreal Engine]] ===
Formats used by games based on the [[Unreal (1998 video game)|Unreal]] engine.
* FUK – Map File for ''[[Postal 2]]''
* U – Unreal script format
* UASSET – An asset format since Unreal Engine 4/5.
* UAX – Animations format for Unreal Engine 2.
* UMAP – Map file type for Unreal Engine and levels.
* UMX – Map format for ''[[Unreal Tournament]]''
* UMX – Music format for Unreal Engine 1
* UNR – Map format for ''[[Unreal (1998 video game)|Unreal]]''
* UPK – Package format for cooked content in Unreal Engine 3
* USX – Sound format for Unreal Engine 1 and Unreal Engine 2
* UT2 – Map format for ''[[Unreal Tournament 2003]]'' and ''[[Unreal Tournament 2004]]''
* UT3 – Map format for ''[[Unreal Tournament 3]]''
* UTX – Texture format for Unreal Engine 1 and Unreal Engine 2
* UXX – Cache format; these are files a client downloaded from server (which can be converted to regular formats)

=== ''[[Duke Nukem 3D]]'' Engine ===
Formats used by games based on this engine.
* DMO – Save game
* GRP – Data storage
* MAP – Map (usually constructed with [[Build engine|BUILD.EXE]])

=== ''Diablo'' Engine ===
Formats used by ''Diablo'' by Blizzard Entertainment.
* SV – Save Game
* ITM – Item File

=== [[Real Virtuality (engine)|Real Virtuality]] Engine ===
Formats used by [[Bohemia Interactive]]. ''[[Operation:Flashpoint]]'', ''[[ARMA 2]]'', VBS2
* LIP – Format that is created from WAV files to create in-game accurate lip-sync for character animations.
* PBO – Binarized file used for compiled models
* SQF – Format used for general editing
* SQM – Format used for mission files

=== [[Roblox Studio]] engine ===
* RBXL – Roblox Studio place file (XML, binary)
* RBXM – Roblox Studio model file (XML, binary)
* RBXLX – Roblox Studio place file (exclusively XML)
* RBXMX – Roblox Studio model file (exclusively XML)

=== [[Source (game engine)|Source]] engine ===
Formats used by [[Valve Corporation|Valve]]. ''[[Half-Life 2]]'', ''[[Counter-Strike: Source]]'', ''[[Day of Defeat: Source]]'', ''[[Half-Life 2: Episode One]]'', ''[[Team Fortress 2]]'', ''[[Half-Life 2: Episode Two]]'', ''[[Portal (video game)|Portal]]'', ''[[Left 4 Dead]]'', ''[[Left 4 Dead 2]]'', ''[[Alien Swarm]]'', ''[[Portal 2]]'', ''[[Counter-Strike: Global Offensive]]'', ''[[Titanfall]]'', ''[[Insurgency]]'', ''[[Titanfall 2]]'', ''[[Day of Infamy (video game)|Day of Infamy]]''
* BSP – Source Engine compiled map file
* DEM – Source Engine demo format
* HL2 – ''Half-Life 2'' save format
* MDL – Source Engine model format
* PCF – Source Engine particle effect file
* SAV – Source Engine save format
* SMD – Source Engine uncompiled model format
* VMF – Valve Hammer Map editor raw map file
* VMT – Source Engine material format.
* VMX – Valve Hammer Map editor backup map file
* VPK – Source Engine pack format
* VTF – Source Engine texture format
=== [[PlatinumGames|Platinum Games]] engine ===

Formats used in ''[[Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance]]'', ''[[Bayonetta]]'', ''[[Vanquish (video game)|Vanquish]]'', ''[[Nier: Automata]]''

* DAT, DTT, EVN, EFF, EFT – Data containers, acts similarly to a folder, but can only have one layer of depth
* WMB – Mesh data
* SCR – Collection of WMBs to makeup levels and scenes.
* WTA – Texture definitions and flags
* WTP – Raw texture data
* WTB – Combination of both WTA and WTP, with WTA first, then WTP after
* TRG – Controls the flow of in-game events and calls functions in code
* BXM – Binary-encoded and compressed XML data
* EST – Effect data for the ESP effects system (used in ''Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance'' and ''Nier: Automata'')
* EF2 – Effect data for the EF2 effects system (used in ''[[Bayonetta (video game)|Bayonetta 1]]'')
* MOT – Motion capture animation data

=== [[Pokémon (video game series)|''Pokémon'']] generation V ===
* CGB – [[Pokémon Black and White|''Pokémon Black'' and ''White'']]/[[Pokémon Black 2 and White 2|''Black 2'' and ''White 2'']] C-Gear skins

=== Other formats ===
* ARC – used to store ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' level data
* B – used for [[Grand Theft Auto (video game)|''Grand Theft Auto'']] saved game files
* BBSETTINGS – [[Blockbench]] settings
* BBTHEME – Blockbench theme
* BBKEYMAP – Blockbench keybindings
* BOL – used for levels on Poing!PC
* DBPF – ''[[The Sims 2]]'', DBPF, Package
* DDZ – a file which can only be used by the "daydreamer engine" created by "fever-dreamer", a program similar to RAGS, it's mainly used to make somewhat short games.
* DIVA – [[Project DIVA]] timings, [[Element (UML)|element]] coordinates, MP3 references, notes, [[Computer animation|animation poses]] and scores.
* ESM, ESP – Master and Plugin data archives for the [[Creation Engine]]
* HAMBU – format used by the Aidan's Funhouse game RGTW for storing map data<ref>{{Cite web|title=HAMBU File Extension – What is a .hambu file and how do I open it?|url=https://fileinfo.com/extension/hambu|access-date=2020-07-17|website=fileinfo.com}}</ref>
* HE0, HE2, HE4 – HE games File
* GCF – format used by the [[Steam (service)|Steam]] content management system for file archives
* IMG – format used by [[Renderware]]-based ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' games for data storage
* LLSP3 – [[Lego]] Spike program file
* LOVE – format used by the LOVE2D Engine<ref>love2d.org</ref>
* MAP – format used by ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]'' for archive compression, ''[[Doom 3]]'', and various other games
* MLOG – A file format intended to be used for ''[[Mindustry]]'' logic
* MSAV – A file format used to store ''Mindustry''{{'}}s map and save data.
* MSCH – A file format used to store ''Mindustry''{{'}}s schematic data.
* MPQ – [[MPQ (file format)|MPQ]] Archives used by [[Blizzard Entertainment]]
* NL2PKG – [[NoLimits|NoLimits 2]] Package
* OEC – format used by [[OE-Cake!]] for scene data storage
* P3D – format for panda3d by Disney
* PLAGUEINC – format used by ''[[Plague Inc.]]'' for storing custom scenario information<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fileinfo.com/extension/plagueinc|title=FileInfo information about PLAGUEINC file format}}</ref>
* POD – format used by [[Terminal Reality]]
* RAG, RAGS – Game file, a game playable in the RAGS game-engine, a free program which both allows people to create games, and play games, games created have the format "RAG game file"
* RCT – Used for templates and save files in ''[[RollerCoaster Tycoon]]'' games
* REP – used by [[Blizzard Entertainment]] for scenario replays in ''[[StarCraft]]''
* RIQ – Used in Heaven Studio to store custom maps
* Simcity, DBPF, DAT, SC4Lot, SC4Model – All game plugins use this format, commonly with different file extensions (''[[Sim City 4]]'')
* SMZIP – ZIP-based package for ''[[StepMania]]'' songs, themes and announcer packs.
* SOLITAIRETHEME8 – A solitaire theme for Windows solitaire 
* UNI, UNIS – ''Super Mario UniMaker'' level data
* USLD – format used by ''Unison Shift'' to store level layouts.
* VIV – Archive format used to compress data for several video games, including ''[[Need for Speed: High Stakes]]''.
* VOL – video game data package
* VVVVVV – format used by [[VVVVVV]]
* CPS – format used by ''[[The Powder Toy]]'', Powder Toy save
* STM – format used by ''The Powder Toy'', Powder Toy stamp
* PKG – format used by [[Bungie]] for the PC Beta of [[Destiny 2]], for nearly all the game's assets.
* CHR – format used by [[Team Salvato]], for the character files of ''[[Doki Doki Literature Club!]]''
* Z5 – format used by [[Z-machine]] for story files in interactive fiction.
* SCWORLD – format used by ''[[Survivalcraft]]'' to store sandbox worlds.
* SCSKIN – format used by ''Survivalcraft'' to store player skins.
* SCBTEX – format used by ''Survivalcraft'' to store block textures.
* PRISON – format used by ''[[Prison Architect]]'' to save prisons
* ESCAPE – format used by Prison Architect to save escape attempts
* WBFS – ([[Wii]] Backup File System) 
* GBA – [[Game Boy Advance]] ROM File
* JKR – format used by ''[[Balatro]]'' for data storage
* PSS – Sony PlayStation 2 Game Video file and is used to store audio and video data by games for the PlayStation 2 console.
* XD – A format used in a mod (XDBot) for ''[[Geometry Dash]]'' to save macros, (a format to replay inputs.) This is saved within the Documents section in [[File Explorer]] for [[Windows 10]].
* FNFC – ''[[Friday Night Funkin']]'' Chart File
* ARC – [[Nintendo]] U8 Archive (mostly Yaz0 compressed)
* SZS – Nintendo Yaz0 Compressed Archive

== Video game storage media ==
List of the most common filename extensions used when a game's [[ROM image]] or storage medium is copied from an original [[read-only memory]] (ROM) device to an external memory such as [[hard disk]] for [[back up]] purposes or for making the game playable with an [[emulator]]. In the case of cartridge-based software, if the platform specific extension is not used then filename extensions ".rom" or ".bin" are usually used to clarify that the file contains a copy of a content of a ROM. ROM, disk or tape images usually do not consist of one file or ROM, rather an entire file or ROM structure contained within one file on the backup medium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emutalk.net/archive/index.php/t-21512.html|title=.GCM file extension! [Archive] – EmuTalk.net|work=emutalk.net|date=21 June 2004 }}</ref>
* 32X – [[32X|Sega 32X]] 
* 3DS – [[Nintendo 3DS]] 
* A26 – [[Atari 2600]]
* A52 – [[Atari 5200]] 
* A78 – [[Atari 7800]]
* ADF – [[Amiga]] (.adf) (for 880K diskette images)
* ADZ – [[GZip]]-compressed version of the above.
* BIN – [[Magnavox Odyssey 2]]
* CIA – [[Nintendo 3DS]] Installation File (for installing games with the use of the FBI homebrew application)
* CRT – (for cartridge images)
* D64 – (for disk images)
* DMS – ''Disk Masher System'', previously used as a disk-archiving system native to the Amiga, also supported by emulators.
* DSI – [[List of DSiWare games|DSiWare]]
* DSK – (for disk images)
* FC# – [[FCEUX]] Save States (.fc#, where # is any character, usually a number)
* FDS – [[Famicom Disk System]] 
* FIG – [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super Famicom]] (Japanese releases are rarely .fig, above extensions are more common)
* FRZ, 000-008 – [[Snes9x]] Save States 
* GB – [[Game Boy]] (this applies to the original Game Boy and the [[Game Boy Color]])
* GBA – a [[Game Boy Advance]] game from a [[ROM cartridge]]
* GBC – [[Game Boy Color]] 
* GCM, ISO – a [[GameCube]] disk/game
* GG – [[Game Gear]] 
* INT – [[Intellivision]] 
* ISO, WBFS, WAD, WDF – a [[Wii]] and [[WiiU]] disk/game
* JAG, J64 – an [[Atari Jaguar]] game from a ROM cartridge
* JST – Jnes Save States 
* LNX – [[Atari Lynx]] 
* MIN – [[Pokémon Mini]]
* N64, V64, Z64, U64, USA, JAP, PAL, EUR – [[Nintendo 64]] 
* NDS – a [[Nintendo DS]] game from a ROM cartridge
* NES – [[Nintendo Entertainment System]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Medley |first1=Sam |title=You can now play your own NES ROMs on Nintendo Switch Online thanks to a new hack |url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/You-can-now-play-your-own-NES-ROMs-on-Nintendo-Switch-Online-thanks-to-a-new-hack.333420.0.html |website=Notebookcheck |date=20 September 2018 |access-date=9 November 2022 |language=en}}</ref> 
* NGC – [[Neo Geo Pocket Color]] 
* NPC, NGP – [[Neo Geo Pocket]] 
* NSP – [[Nintendo eShop]] Video Game file that stores audio data, video data, game data, and program code for the [[Nintendo Switch]]; also supported by emulators.
* PCE – [[TurboGrafx-16|TurboGrafx-16/PC Engine]] 
* PJ – [[Project64|Project64]] Save States 
* PSS – a Sony [[PlayStation 2]] Game Video file used to store audio and video data by games for the PlayStation 2 console.
* SAV – [[Game Boy Advance]] Saved Data Files 
* SG – [[SG-1000]] 
* SGM – [[VisualBoyAdvance]] Save States 
* SMC, 078, SFC – [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System]] (.078 is for split ROMs, which are rare)
* SMD, BIN – [[Sega Genesis|Mega Drive/Genesis]] 
* SMS – [[Master System]] 
* SRM – Super Nintendo Entertainment System Saved Data Files
* T64 – (for tape images without copy protection, considerably smaller than .tap files)
* TAP – [[Commodore 64]] (.tap) (for tape images including copy protection)
* TAP – for tape images without copy protection
* TZX – [[ZX Spectrum]] (for exact copies of ZX Spectrum games)
* VB – [[Virtual Boy]] 
* VEC – [[Vectrex]] 
* WS – [[WonderSwan]] 
* WSC – [[WonderSwan|WonderSwan Color]] 
* XCI – Nintendo Switch Video Game cartridge dump file that stores audio data, video data, game data, and program code for the Nintendo Switch; also supported by emulators.
* Z80, SNA – (for snapshots of the emulator RAM)
* ZST, ZS1-ZS9, Z10-Z99 – [[ZSNES]] Save States

== Virtual machines ==

=== [[Microsoft Virtual PC]], [[Microsoft Virtual Server|Virtual Server]] ===
* VFD – Virtual Floppy Disk 
* VHD – Virtual Hard Disk 
* VUD – Virtual Undo Disk 
* VMC – Virtual Machine Configuration 
* VSV – Virtual Machine Saved State

=== [[VMware]] ESX, GSX, [[VMware Workstation|Workstation]], [[VMware Player|Player]] ===
* LOG – Virtual Machine Logfile 
* [[VMDK]], DSK – Virtual Machine Disk 
* NVRAM – Virtual Machine BIOS 
* VMEM – Virtual Machine paging file 
* VMSD – Virtual Machine snapshot metadata 
* VMSN – Virtual Machine snapshot 
* VMSS, STD – Virtual Machine suspended state
* VMTM – Virtual Machine team data
* VMX, CFG – Virtual Machine configuration
* VMXF – Virtual Machine team configuration

=== [[VirtualBox]] ===
* VBOX – VirtualBox machine
* VDI – VirtualBox virtual disk image
* VBOX-EXTPACK – VirtualBox extension pack

=== [[Parallels Workstation]] ===
* HDD – Virtual Machine hard disk
* PVS – Virtual Machine preferences/configuration
* SAV – Virtual Machine saved state

=== [[QEMU]] ===
* COW – [[Copy-on-write]]
* [[.qcow|QCOW]] – QEMU copy-on-write
* QCOW2 – QEMU copy-on-write – version 2
* QED – QEMU enhanced disk format

== Web page ==
'''[[Static code analysis|Static]]'''
* [[Document Type Definition|DTD]] – Document Type Definition (standard), MUST be public and free
* [[HTML]], HTM – HyperText Markup Language
* XHTML, XHT – [[XHTML]] eXtensible HyperText Markup Language
* MHT, MHTML – [[MHTML]] Archived HTML, store all data on one web page (text, images, etc.) in one big file
* MAFF – [[Mozilla Archive Format|MAF]] web archive based on [[ZIP (file format)|ZIP]]
'''Dynamically generated'''
* ASP – [[Active Server Pages|ASP]] Microsoft Active Server Page
* ASPX – [[ASP.NET|ASPX]] Microsoft Active Server Page. NET
* ADP – [[AOLserver|ADP]] AOLserver Dynamic Page
* BML – BML Better Markup Language (templating)
* CFM – [[ColdFusion|CFM]] ColdFusion
* CGI – [[Common Gateway Interface|CGI]]
* IHTML – iHTML Inline HTML
* JSP – [[JavaServer Pages|JSP]] JavaServer Pages
* LAS, LASSO, LASSOAPP – [[Lasso (programming language)|Lasso]], A file created or served with the Lasso Programming Language
* PL – [[Perl]]
* PHP, PHP?, PHTML – [[PHP]] ? is version number (previously abbreviated ''Personal Home Page'', later changed to ''PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor'')
* SHTML – [[Server Side Includes|SSI]] HTML with Server Side Includes (Apache)
* STM – [[Server Side Includes|SSI]] HTML with Server Side Includes (Apache)

=== Markup languages and other web standards-based formats ===
* ATOM, XML – [[Atom (standard)|Atom]] Another syndication format.
* EML – [[Email#Filename extensions|EML]] Format used by several desktop email clients.
* JSONLD – [[JSON-LD]] A JSON-based serialization for [[linked data]].
* KPRX – [[KPRX]] A XML-based serialization for workflow definition generated by K2.
* MARKDOWN, MD – [[Markdown]] Plain text formatting syntax, which is popularly used to format "[[readme]]" files.
* METALINK, MET – [[Metalink]] A format to list metadata about downloads, such as mirrors, checksums, and other information.
* [[MHTML]] – Mime HTML (Hyper-Text Markup Language) code file
* PS – [[PostScript|PS]] A XML-based serialization for test automation scripts called PowerScripts for K2 based applications.
* RSS, XML – [[RSS (file format)|RSS]] Syndication format.
* SE – Shuttle Another lightweight markup language.

=== Other web-related formats ===
* ZIM – [[ZIM (file format)|ZIM]]: an open file format that stores wiki content for offline usage

== Other ==
* AXD – cookie extensions found in temporary internet folder
* BDF – Binary Data Format – raw data from recovered blocks of unallocated space on a hard drive
* CBP – CD Box Labeler Pro, CentraBuilder, Code::Blocks Project File, Conlab Project
* CEX – SolidWorks Enterprise PDM Vault File
* COL – [[Nintendo]] [[GameCube]] proprietary collision file (.col)
* CREDX – CredX Dat File
* DDB – Generating code for [[Vocaloid]] singers voice (see .DDI)
* DDI – [[Vocaloid]] [[phoneme]] library (Japanese, English, Korean, Spanish, Chinese, Catalan)
* DUPX – DuupeCheck database management tool project file
* FTM – Family Tree Maker data file
* FTMB – Family Tree Maker backup file
* GA3 – [[Graphical Analysis 3]]
* GED – [[GEDCOM]] (GEnealogical Data COMmunication) format to exchange [[genealogy]] [[data]] between different [[genealogy software]]
* HLP – Windows or [[CP/M]] help file
* IGC – flight tracks downloaded from GPS devices in the [[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale|FAI's]] prescribed format
* INF – similar format to [[INI file]]; used to install device drivers under Windows, inter alia.
* [[JAM Message Base Format|JAM]] – JAM Message Base Format for BBSes
* KMC – tests made with KatzReview's MegaCrammer
* KCL – [[Nintendo]] [[GameCube]]/[[Wii]] proprietary collision file (.kcl)
* KTR – [[Hitachi Vantara]] Pentaho Data Integration/Kettle Transformation Project file
* LNK – [[Microsoft]] [[Windows]] format for [[Hyperlinks]] to [[Executable]]s 
* LSM – LSMaker script file (program using layered .jpg to create special effects; specifically designed to render [[lightsaber]]s from the ''[[Star Wars]]'' universe) (.lsm)
* MCR – a macro recording file for Super Macro software
* MELSAVE – Melon Playground build save file
* MELMOD – Melon Playground mod file
* MELMAP - Melon Playground Map file
* NARC – archive format used in [[Nintendo DS]] games
* NTH – NTH: Nokia Theme Used by [[Nokia]] [[Series 40]] cellphones
* OER – AU OER Tool, Open Educational Resource editor
* PA – Used to assign sound effects to materials in KCL files
* PIF – Used to run [[MS-DOS]] programs under Windows
* POR – So called "portable" SPSS files, readable by [[PSPP]]
* PXZ – Compressed file to exchange media elements with PSALMO
* RISE – File containing RISE generated information model evolution
* [[Screensaver|SCR]] – Windows Screen Saver file
* TOPC – TopicCrunch SEO Project file holding keywords, domain, and search engine settings (ASCII)
* XLF – [[Utah State University]] Extensible LADAR Format
* XMC – Assisted contact lists format, based on XML and used in kindergartens and schools
* ZED – My Heritage Family Tree
* ZONE – [[Zone file]] a [[text file]] containing a [[DNS zone]]
* FX – [[DirectX|Microsoft DirectX]] plain text effects and properties for the associated file and are used to specify the textures, shading, rendering, lighting and other 3D effects
* MIFRAMES – [https://www.mineimator.com/ Mine-imator] keyframes file (.miframes)
* MILANGUAGE – [https://www.mineimator.com/ Mine-Imator] language data file
* MIDATA – [https://www.mineimator.com/ Mine-Imator] data file
* BCA – Short for [[Burst cutting area|Burst Cutting Area]] Holds the information of the circular area near the center of a DVD, HD DVD or Blu-ray Disc, it is usually 64 bytes in size. (.bca)

=== Cursors ===
* [[ANI (file format)|ANI]] – Animated cursor
* CUR – Cursor file
* Smes – Hawk's Dock configuration file

== Generalized files ==

=== General data formats ===
These file formats are fairly well defined by long-term use or a general standard, but the content of each file is often highly specific to particular software or has been extended by further standards for specific uses.

==== Text-based ====
* CSV – [[comma-separated values]]
* HTML – [[hyper text markup language]]
* CSS – [[cascading style sheets]]
* [[INI file|INI]] – a configuration text file whose format is substantially similar between applications
* [[JSON]] – JavaScript Object Notation is an openly used data format now used by many languages, not just JavaScript
* TSV – [[tab-separated values]]
* [[XML]] – an open data format
* [[YAML]] – an open data format
* [[ReStructuredText]] – an open text format for technical documents used mainly in the [[Python (programming language)|Python]] programming language
* MD – [[Markdown]] an open lightweight markup language to create simple but rich text, often used to format [[README]] files
* [[AsciiDoc]] – an open human-readable markup document format semantically equivalent to [[DocBook]]
* YNI – a configuration file similar to [[YAML]]

=== Generic file extensions ===
These are filename extensions and broad types reused frequently with differing formats or no specific format by different programs.

==== Binary files ====
* BAK, BK – [[Bak file]] various backup formats: some just copies of data files, some in application-specific data backup formats, some formats for general file backup programs
* BIN – binary data, often [[memory dump]]s of executable code or data to be re-used by the same software that originated it
* DAT – data file, usually binary data proprietary to the program that created it, or an MPEG-1 stream of [[Video CD]]
* DSK – file representations of various [[disk storage]] images
* RAW – raw (unprocessed) data
* SZH – files that are associated with zero unique file types (the most prevalent being the Binary Data format)

==== Text files ====
* CNF, CONF, CFG – [[configuration file]] substantially software-specific
* LOG – [[logfile]]s usually text, but sometimes binary
* TEXT, TXT, ASC – human-readable [[plain text]], usually no more specific

=== Partial files ===

==== Differences and patches ====
* [[diff|DIFF]] – text file differences created by the program [[diff]] and applied as updates by [[patch (Unix)|patch]]

==== Incomplete transfers ====
* !UT – Partially complete [[uTorrent]] download
* CRDOWNLOAD – Partially complete or incomplete [[Google Chrome]] or [[Microsoft Edge]] download
* OPDOWNLOAD – Partially complete or incomplete [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]] download
* PART – PART partly complete [[Mozilla Firefox]] or [[Transmission (BitTorrent client)|Transmission]] download
* PARTIAL – PARTIAL partly complete [[Internet Explorer]] or [[Edge Legacy]] download

=== Temporary files ===
* TEMP, TMP – [[Temporary file]] sometimes in a specific format, but often just raw data in the middle of processing
* Pseudo-pipelines, Pseudo-pipeline – [[Pipeline (software)#Pseudo-pipelines|Pseudo-pipeline]] file used to simulate a software pipe

== See also ==
* [[List of filename extensions]]
* [[MIME#Content-Type]], a standard for referring to file formats
* [[List of motion and gesture file formats]]
* [[List of file signatures]], or "magic numbers"
* [[List of free and open-source software packages#File formats|List of open-source file formats]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://fileinfo.com/filetypes/ File formats] at FileInfo.com
* [https://fileexpert.net File Extension Database] at FileExpert.Net
* [http://fileformats.archiveteam.org fileformats.archiveteam.org]

{{Computer files}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:File formats}}
[[Category:Lists of file formats| ]]
[[Category:Computer file formats|*]]