Editing List of objects at Lagrange points

{{Short description|none}}
{{Dynamic list|multiple=yes}}
This is a list of known objects which occupy, have occupied, or are planned to occupy any of the five [[Lagrange point]]s of two-body systems in space.
[[Image:Lagrange very massive.svg|right|thumb|300px|A diagram showing the five Lagrange points in a two-body system]]

==Sun–Earth Lagrange points==

=== Sun–Earth L<sub>1</sub> ===
{{L1}} is the Lagrange point located approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth towards the Sun.

====Past probes====
*[[International Cometary Explorer]], formerly the International Sun–Earth Explorer 3 (ISEE-3), diverted out of {{L1}} in 1983 for a comet rendezvous mission.  Currently in [[heliocentric orbit]]. The Sun–Earth L<sub>1</sub> is also the point to which the Reboot ISEE-3 mission was attempting to return the craft as the first phase of a recovery mission (as of September 25, 2014 all efforts have failed and contact was lost).<ref>"ISEE-3 is in Safe Mode". Space College. 25 September 2014. "The ground stations listening to ISEE-3 have not been able to obtain a signal since Tuesday the 16th"</ref>
*NASA's [[Genesis (spacecraft)|Genesis]] probe collected solar wind samples at {{L1}} from December 3, 2001, to April 1, 2004, when it returned the sample capsule to Earth. It returned briefly in late 2004 before being pushed into heliocentric orbit in early 2005.
*[[LISA Pathfinder]] (LPF) was launched on 3 December 2015, and arrived at {{L1|nolink=yes}} on 22 January 2016, where, among other experiments, it tested the technology needed by (e)LISA to detect gravitational waves. LISA Pathfinder used an instrument consisting of two small gold alloy cubes.
*The [[Chang'e 5]] orbiter<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|title=Chang'e 5 Test Mission Updates|url=http://www.spaceflight101.com/change-5-test-mission-updates.html|website=Spaceflight 101|access-date=14 December 2014}}</ref> (during extended mission. After ferrying lunar samples back to Earth in 2020, the transport module was sent to {{L1|nolink=yes}} where it is permanently stationed to conduct limited Earth-Sun observations.)

====Present probes====

* The [[Solar and Heliospheric Observatory]] (SOHO) in a halo orbit around L1
** Mission: Investigation of the outer layer of the Sun, making observations of solar wind and associated phenomena in the vicinity of L1, probing the interior structure of the Sun.
** Launched: 2 December 1995
** Arrival: Operational orbit in May 1996
**Institution: [[Image:ESA logo simple.svg|15px]] [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
* The [[Advanced Composition Explorer]] (ACE) in a [[Lissajous orbit]]
* [[WIND (spacecraft)|WIND]] (At {{L1}} since 2004)
[[File:Animation of Deep Space Climate Observatory trajectory.gif |thumb |right| Animation of Deep Space Climate Observatory{{'s}} trajectory from 11 February 2015 to 3 January 2017<br>{{legend2|magenta|[[Deep Space Climate Observatory|DSCOVR]]}}{{·}}{{legend2|RoyalBlue|[[Earth]]}}{{·}}{{legend2|yellow|[[Moon]]}}]]
* The [[Deep Space Climate Observatory]] (DSCOVR), designed to image the sunlit Earth in 10 wavelengths (EPIC) and monitor total reflected radiation (NISTAR). Launched on 11 February 2015, began orbiting L<sub>1</sub> on 8 June 2015 to study the [[solar wind]] and its effects on Earth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/news_archives/DSCOVR_L1_orbit.html|title=NOAA's Satellite and Information Service (NESDIS)|author=US Department of Commerce, NOAA Satellites and Information Service|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608182042/http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/news_archives/DSCOVR_L1_orbit.html|archive-date=2015-06-08}}</ref> DSCOVR is unofficially known as GORESAT, because it carries a camera always oriented to Earth and capturing full-frame photos of the planet similar to the [[Blue Marble]]. This concept was proposed by then-Vice President of the United States [[Al Gore]] in 1998<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/02/07/goresat-gore-satellite-deep-space-climate/23013283/|title=At long last: Al Gore's satellite dream blasts off|date=7 February 2015|work=USA TODAY}}</ref> and was a centerpiece in his 2006 film ''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''.<ref>Mellow, Craig (August 2014). "Al Gore's Satellite". Air & Space/Smithsonian. Retrieved December 12, 2014.</ref>
*[[Aditya-L1]] was successfully launched on 2 September 2023 and entered the halo orbit around the lagrange point on 6 January 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kumar |first=Chethan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/aditya-reaches-halo-orbit-around-l1-point-sun-study-to-begin-soon/articleshow/106594444.cms?from=mdr |title=Aditya reaches halo orbit around L1 point, Sun study to begin soon |date=6 January 2024 |access-date=6 January 2024 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> It's a [[Solar observation]] mission by [[ISRO]]. It will study solar atmosphere, [[Solar storm|solar magnetic storms]], and their impact on the environment around the Earth.<ref name="it_20230902_liveblog">{{Cite web |date=2 September 2023 |title=Aditya L1 Mission: Aditya L1 Launch LIVE Updates: Aditya L1 spacecraft successfully separated from PSLV rocket, now en route to Sun-Earth L1 point. ISRO says mission accomplished |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/newsblogs/aditya-l1-live-news-updates-isro-first-solar-mission-launch-02-september-2023/liveblog/103297403.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903115715/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/newsblogs/aditya-l1-live-news-updates-isro-first-solar-mission-launch-02-september-2023/liveblog/103297403.cms |archive-date=3 September 2023 |access-date=2 September 2023 |website=The Economic Times |language=en}}</ref>

====Planned probes====
*[[Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe]] slated for launch in late 2025
*[[NEO Surveyor]]
*[[SWFO-L1]]
*[[ESA Vigil|Vigil]] (ESA). One spacecraft in L1 and one in L5.

=== Sun–Earth L<sub>2</sub> ===
{{anchor|Sun-Earth L2}}{{L2}} is the Lagrange point located approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth in the direction opposite the Sun. Spacecraft at the Sun–Earth L<sub>2</sub> point are in a [[Lissajous orbit]] until decommissioned, when they are sent into a [[Heliocentric orbit|heliocentric]] [[graveyard orbit]].{{citation needed|date=January 2022|reason=moved here from [[Lagrange point]] and kept because it was uncontested there, but it's a general claim that should be referenced.}}

====Past probes====
[[File:Animation of Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe trajectory.gif |thumb |right| Animation of Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe{{'s}} trajectory from 1 July 2001 to 7 April 2009<br>{{legend2|magenta|[[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe|WMAP]]}}{{·}}{{legend2|RoyalBlue|[[Earth]]}}]]
*2001 – 2010: NASA's [[WMAP|Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe]] (WMAP)<ref name="graveyard">{{cite web | title=Mission Complete! WMAP Fires Its Thrusters For The Last Time | url=http://news.discovery.com/space/mission-complete-wmap-fires-its-thrusters-for-the-last-time.html | access-date=2022-01-11 | archive-date=2012-07-14 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714021615/http://news.discovery.com/space/mission-complete-wmap-fires-its-thrusters-for-the-last-time.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> observed the cosmic microwave background. It was moved to a heliocentric orbit to avoid posing a hazard to future missions.
*2003 – 2004: NASA's [[WIND (spacecraft)|WIND]]. The spacecraft then went to Earth orbit, before heading to {{L1}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/v-w-x-y-z/wind#mission-status|title=WIND Solar-Terrestrial Mission|publisher=ESA Earth Observation Portal|access-date=December 31, 2021}}</ref>
*2009 – 2013:<ref name=HerschelSource>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/19/herschel-telescope-shut-down-esa_n_3461962.html|title=Herschel Space Telescope Shut Down For Good, ESA Announces | work=Huffington Post | first=Adam|last=Toobin|date=2013-06-19}}</ref> The ESA [[Herschel Space Observatory]] exhausted its supply of liquid helium and was moved from the Lagrangian point in June 2013.
*2009 – 2013: At the end of its mission ESA's ''[[Planck (spacecraft)|Planck]]'' spacecraft was put into a heliocentric orbit and [[Passivation (spacecraft)|passivated]] to prevent it from endangering any future missions.
*2011 – 2012: [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]]'s [[Chang'e 2]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-08-30/news/29945291_1_chang-e-2-china-s-moon-moon-landing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523190602/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-08-30/news/29945291_1_chang-e-2-china-s-moon-moon-landing|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 23, 2012|title=China's Moon orbiter Chang'e-2 travels 1.5 km into outer space|date=2011-08-30|access-date=2011-08-31|publisher=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/2012/06150926-change2-update.html|title=Update on yesterday's post about Chang'e 2 going to Toutatis|publisher=[[Planetary Society]]|date=15 June 2012|access-date=26 June 2012|last=Lakdawalla|first=Emily| author-link = Emily Lakdawalla}}</ref> Chang'e 2 was then placed onto a heliocentric orbit that took it past the near-Earth asteroid [[4179 Toutatis]].
* The [[CNSA]] [[Chang'e 6]] orbiter
* 2013 – 2025: The ESA [[Gaia (spacecraft)|Gaia mission’s]] thrusters moved the spacecraft away from L2 on 27 March 2025 and into a stable retirement orbit around the Sun that will minimise the chance that it comes within 10 million km Earth for at least the next century.

====Present probes====
[[File:The orbits of Gaia and Webb ESA23998736.png|thumb|[[Gaia (spacecraft)|Gaia]] and [[James Webb Space Telescope]] orbit around Sun-Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}}]]
* The joint Russian-German high-energy astrophysics observatory [[Spektr-RG]]
* The joint [[NASA]], [[ESA]] and [[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]] [[James Webb Space Telescope]] (JWST)
* The ESA [[Euclid (spacecraft)|Euclid]] mission

====Planned probes====
*The NASA [[Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope]] (WFIRST)
*The ESA [[PLATO (spacecraft)|PLATO]] mission, which will find and characterize rocky exoplanets. 
*The JAXA [[LiteBIRD]] mission.
*The ESA [[Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics]] (ATHENA) 
*The ESA [[ARIEL]] mission, which will observe the atmospheres of exoplanets.
*The joint ESA-JAXA [[Comet Interceptor]]
*The NASA [[Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor]] (LUVOIR) which would replace the [[Hubble Space Telescope]].

====Cancelled probes====
*The [[ESA]] [[Eddington mission]]
*The NASA [[Terrestrial Planet Finder]] mission (may be placed in an Earth-trailing orbit instead)

=== Sun–Earth L<sub>3</sub> ===
{{L3}} is the Sun–Earth Lagrange point located on the side of the Sun opposite Earth, slightly outside the Earth's orbit. Direct communication with spacecraft in this position is blocked by the Sun. 
* There are no known objects in this orbital location. {{Citation Needed|date=June 2024}}

=== Sun–Earth L<sub>4</sub> ===
{{L4}} is the Sun–Earth Lagrange point located close to the Earth's orbit 60° ahead of Earth.

* Asteroid {{mpl|(706765) 2010 TK|7}} is the first discovered [[Horseshoe orbit#Tadpole orbit|tadpole orbit]] companion to Earth, orbiting {{L4}}; like Earth, its mean distance to the Sun is about one [[astronomical unit]].
* Asteroid {{mpl|(614689) 2020 XL|5}} is the second Earth trojan, confirmed in November 2021, oscillating around {{L4|nolink=yes}} in a tadpole orbit and expected to remain there for at least 4000 years, until destabilized by Venus.<ref name="Hui2021">{{cite journal
 |first1      = Man-To |last1 = Hui
 |first2      = Paul A. |last2 = Wiegert
 |first3      = David J. |last3 = Tholen
 |first4      = Dora |last4 = Föhring
 |title       = The Second Earth Trojan 2020 XL5
 |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
 |date        = November 2021
 |volume = 922
 |issue = 2
 |pages = L25
 |doi = 10.3847/2041-8213/ac37bf
 |arxiv      = 2111.05058
 |bibcode = 2021ApJ...922L..25H
 |s2cid = 243860678
 |doi-access = free
 }}</ref>
*[[STEREO]] A (Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory – Ahead) made its closest pass to {{L4|nolink=yes}} in September 2009, on its orbit around the Sun, slightly faster than Earth.<ref name="NasaStereo">[http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/stereo/news/gravity_parking.html NASA - Join STEREO and Explore Gravitational "Parking Lots" That May Hold Secret of Moon's Origin]</ref>
* [[OSIRIS-REx]] passed near the L4 point and performed a survey for asteroids between 9 and 20 February 2017.

=== Sun–Earth L<sub>5</sub> <span class="anchor" id="Earth-trailing orbit"></span> ===
{{L5}}, or Earth-trailing orbit,  is the Sun–Earth Lagrange point located close to the Earth's orbit 60° behind Earth. 

*Asteroid {{mpl|419624|2010 SO|16}}, in a [[Horseshoe orbit|horseshoe companion orbit]] with Earth, is currently proximal to {{L5}} but at a high inclination.
*[[STEREO B]] (Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory – Behind) made its closest pass to {{L5|nolink=yes}} in October 2009, on its orbit around the Sun, slightly slower than Earth.<ref name="NasaStereo"/>
*The [[Spitzer Space Telescope]] is in an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit drifting away c. 0.1 [[Astronomical Unit|AU]] per year. In c. 2013–15 it has passed {{L5}} in its orbit.
*''[[Hayabusa2]]'' passed near {{L5}} during the spring of 2017, and imaged the surrounding area to search for [[Earth trojan]]s on 18 April 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/20170823/ |title=太陽−地球系のL5点付近の観測の結果について |publisher=[[JAXA]] |date=23 August 2017 |access-date=2018-06-22 |language=ja}}</ref>

====Proposed====
*[[ESA Vigil|Vigil]] (ESA). One spacecraft in L5.

==Earth–Moon Lagrange points==

=== Earth–Moon L2 ===
* [[THEMIS#Extended mission|THEMIS]]
* [[Chang'e 5-T1]] 
* [[Queqiao relay satellite]]
* [[EQUULEUS]] nanosat.

=== Earth–Moon L4 and L5 ===
*[[Kordylewski cloud]]s<ref name="sliz-balogh et al">{{cite journal |last1=Slíz-Balogh |first1=Judith |last2=Barta |first2=András |last3=Horváth |first3=Gábor |title=Celestial mechanics and polarization optics of the Kordylewski dust cloud in the Earth–Moon Lagrange point L5 – I. Three-dimensional celestial mechanical modelling of dust cloud formation |date=11 November 2018 |journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] |volume=480 |issue=4 |pages=5550–5559 |doi=10.1093/mnras/sty2049 |doi-access=free |arxiv=1910.07466 |bibcode=2018MNRAS.480.5550S }}</ref>
*Future location of [[Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System|TDRS]]-style communication satellites to support {{L2}} satellite and further regions on the Moon.<ref name="TychoESAmoonlight">{{cite magazine |last=Hornig |first=Andreas |title=TYCHO: Supporting Permanently Crewed Lunar Exploration with High-Speed Optical Communication from Everywhere |url=https://ideas.esa.int/servlet/hype/IMT?userAction=Browse&templateName=&documentId=e3f5e00bb992b91a4378e46176b02376 |magazine=ESA |date=2022-05-01}}</ref><ref name="TychoVideo">{{cite magazine |last=Hornig |first=Andreas |title=TYCHO mission to Earth-Moon libration point EML-4 @ IAC 2013 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RJSLFP7yyA |magazine=IAC2013 |date=2013-10-06}}</ref>

====Past probes====
*[[Hiten (spacecraft)|Hiten]] was the first spacecraft to demonstrate a [[low energy transfer|low energy trajectory]], passing by {{L4}} and {{L5}} to achieve lunar orbit at a very low fuel expense, compared to usual orbital techniques. Hiten did not find any conclusive increase in dust density at Lagrange points.<ref>"[https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1990-007A Hiten]", ''NSSDC.GSFC.NASA.gov''.</ref>

====Proposed objects====
* [[Exploration Gateway Platform]]
* In his 1976 book ''[[The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space]]'' Dr. [[Gerard K. O'Neill|Gerard O'Neill]] proposed the establishment of gigantic [[Space habitat|''Space Islands'']] in {{L5}}. The inhabitants of the [[L5 Society]] should convert lunar material to huge [[solar power satellite]]s. Many works of fiction, most notably the ''[[Gundam]]'' series, involve colonies at these locations.

==Sun–Venus Lagrange points==
===L4===
*{{mpl|2013 ND|15}}

==Sun–Mars Lagrange points==

Asteroids in the {{L4}} and {{L5}} Sun–Mars Lagrangian points are sometimes called ''[[Mars trojan]]s,'' with a lower-case t, as "Trojan asteroid" was originally defined as a term for Lagrangian asteroids of Jupiter. They may also be called ''Mars Lagrangian asteroids.''

===L4===
*{{mpl|(121514) 1999 UJ|7}}

===L5===
*[[5261 Eureka]]
*{{mpl|(101429) 1998 VF|31}}
*{{mpl|(311999) 2007 NS|2}}
*{{mpl|(385250) 2001 DH|47}}, {{mpl|2001 FG|24}}, {{mpl|(461377) 2001 FR|127}} (not confirmed as true Lagrangian asteroids)

Source: Minor Planet Center [http://www.minorplanetcenter.org/iau/lists/MarsTrojans.html]

==Sun–Ceres Lagrange points==

*[[1372 Haremari]]
*{{mpl|76146|2000 EU|16}}
*{{mpl|185105|2006 SV|23}}

==Sun–Jupiter Lagrange points==
Asteroids in the {{L4}} and {{L5}} Sun–Jupiter Lagrangian points are known as ''Jupiter Trojan asteroids'' or simply ''[[Trojan asteroid]]s''.

===L4===
*[[List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp)|Trojan asteroids, Greek camp]]

===L5===
*[[List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp)|Trojan asteroids, Trojan camp]]

===L4 and L5===
* [[Lucy (spacecraft)]], L4 in 2027, L5 in 2033

==Saturn–Tethys Lagrange points==

===L4===
*[[Telesto (moon)|Telesto]]

===L5===
*[[Calypso (moon)|Calypso]]

==Saturn–Dione Lagrange points==

===L4===
* [[Helene (moon)|Helene]]

===L5===
* [[Polydeuces (moon)|Polydeuces]], follows a "tadpole" orbit around L<sub>5</sub>

==Sun–Uranus Lagrange points==

===L3===
* [[83982 Crantor]], follows a horseshoe orbit around L<sub>3</sub>

===L4===
* {{mpl|(687170) 2011 QF|99}}<ref>{{cite journal | arxiv=1303.5774 | doi=10.1126/science.1238072 | title=A Uranian Trojan and the Frequency of Temporary Giant-Planet Co-Orbitals | date=2013 | last1=Alexandersen | first1=Mike | last2=Gladman | first2=Brett | last3=Greenstreet | first3=Sarah | last4=Kavelaars | first4=J. J. | last5=Petit | first5=Jean-Marc | last6=Gwyn | first6=Stephen | journal=Science | volume=341 | issue=6149 | pages=994–997 | pmid=23990557 | bibcode=2013Sci...341..994A }}</ref>
* {{mpl|(636872) 2014 YX|49}}

==Sun–Neptune Lagrange points==
<div id="Neptune trojan"></div>
Minor planets in the {{L4}} and {{L5}} Sun–Neptune Lagrangian points are called [[Neptune trojan]]s, with a lower-case ''t'', as "Trojan asteroid" was originally defined as a term for Lagrangian asteroids of Jupiter.

''Data from:'' Minor Planet Center [http://www.minorplanetcenter.org/iau/lists/NeptuneTrojans.html]

===L4===

* [[385571 Otrera]]
* [[385695 Clete]]
* {{mpl|(612243) 2001 QR|322}}
* {{mpl|2005 TN|53}}
* {{mpl|(613490) 2006 RJ|103}}
* {{mpl|(527604) 2007 VL|305}}

===L5===
* {{mpl|2008 LC|18}}
* {{mpl|2004 KV|18}}
* {{mpl|2011 HM|102}}

==Tables of missions==

Color key:<br>
{{legend inline|#FFFFFF|'''Unflown or planned''' mission}}
{{legend inline|#F2F2F2|Mission '''en route or in progress''' (including mission extensions)}}
{{legend inline|#CCFFD9|Mission at Lagrangian point '''completed successfully''' (or partially successfully)}}
<!--Taken from [[List of Solar System probes]]-->

{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
|+ Lagrangian point missions
|-
!scope=col| Mission
!scope=col| Lagrangian point
!scope=col| Agency
!scope=col class="unsortable"| Description
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[International Cometary Explorer|International Sun–Earth Explorer 3]] (ISEE-3)
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || [[NASA]] || Launched in 1978, it was the first spacecraft to be put into orbit around a libration point, where it operated for four years in a [[halo orbit]] about the {{L1|nolink=yes}} Sun–Earth point. After the original mission ended, it was commanded to leave {{L1|nolink=yes}} in September 1982 in order to investigate comets and the Sun.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=ISEEICE&Display=ReadMore | title=Solar System Exploration: ISEE-3/ICE | publisher=NASA | access-date=2010-09-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614064824/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=ISEEICE&Display=ReadMore | archive-date=2011-06-14 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Now in a heliocentric orbit, an unsuccessful attempt to return to halo orbit was made in 2014 when it made a flyby of the Earth–Moon system.<ref>{{cite web |first=Emily |last=Lakdawalla |author-link=Emily Lakdawalla |url=http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00001673/ |publisher=The Planetary Science Weblog |title=It's Alive! |date=October 3, 2008 |access-date=January 11, 2022 |archive-date=February 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220052909/http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00001673/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20140808">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/09/science/space/09zombie.html |title=Rudderless Craft to Get Glimpse of Home Before Sinking Into Space's Depths |work=[[The New York Times]] |first=Kenneth |last=Chang |date=August 8, 2014}}</ref>

|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Advanced Composition Explorer]] (ACE)
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || NASA || Launched 1997. Has fuel to orbit near L<sub>1</sub> until 2024. Operational {{As of|2019||lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/DATA/level3/mag/ACESpec.cgi?LATEST=0&YEAR=2019&MONTH=3&DAY=15&DOY=-1|title=ACE MAG Spectrograms: 1 day starting 2019/3/15 (2019 074)|website=www.srl.caltech.edu|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Deep Space Climate Observatory]] (DSCOVR)
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || NASA || Launched on 11 February 2015. Planned successor of the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite.
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[LISA Pathfinder]] (LPF) 
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || [[ESA]], NASA || Launched one day behind revised schedule (planned for the 100th anniversary of the publication of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity), on 3 December 2015. Arrived at L<sub>1</sub> on 22 January 2016.<ref name=ESAFact>{{Cite web | title = LISA Pathfinder factsheet | publisher = [[European Space Agency|ESA]] | url = http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEMQSBWO4HD_index_0.html | date=11 June 2012|access-date = 26 June 2012}}</ref> LISA Pathfinder was deactivated on 30 June 2017.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://sci.esa.int/lisa-pathfinder/59238-lisa-pathfinder-to-conclude-trailblazing-mission/ | title =LISA Pathfinder Will Concludee Trailblazing Mission | date =20 June 2017 | website =ESA Science and Technology | publisher =ESA | access-date =17 August 2017 }}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Solar and Heliospheric Observatory]] (SOHO) 
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || [[ESA]], NASA || Orbiting near L<sub>1</sub> since 1996. Operational {{as of|2020|lc=y|}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/data/realtime-images.html|title=The Very Latest SOHO Images|website=sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[WIND (spacecraft)|WIND]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || NASA || Arrived at L<sub>1</sub> in 2004 with fuel for 60 years. Operational {{as of|2019|lc=y|}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind|title=25 Years of Science in the Solar Wind|last=Tran|first=Lina|date=2019-10-31|website=NASA|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe]] (WMAP) 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || NASA || Arrived at L<sub>2</sub> in 2001. Mission ended 2010,<ref name="WMAPFact">{{cite web| url=http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/facts.html | title=WMAP Facts | publisher=NASA | access-date=2013-03-18 }}</ref> then sent to solar orbit outside L<sub>2</sub>.<ref>http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/events.html WMAP Ceases Communications</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Herschel Space Telescope]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || ESA
| Arrived at L<sub>2</sub> July 2009. Ceased operation on 29 April 2013; will be moved to a heliocentric orbit.<ref name="FACT">{{cite web|url=http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEMA539YFDD_index_0.html |title=Herschel Factsheet |publisher=European Space Agency |access-date=2009-05-12 |date=17 April 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21934520 | work = BBC News | title =Herschel space telescope finishes mission | date = 29 April 2013}}</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Planck (spacecraft)|Planck]] Space Observatory 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || ESA
| Arrived at L<sub>2</sub> July 2009. Mission ended on 23 October 2013; Planck has been moved to a heliocentric parking orbit.<ref>{{cite web|title=Last command sent to ESA's Planck space telescope|url=http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Planck/Last_command_sent_to_ESA_s_Planck_space_telescope|publisher=European Space Agency|date=October 23, 2013|access-date=October 23, 2013}}</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row|[[Chang'e 2]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]]
| Arrived in August 2011 after completing a lunar mission before departing en route to asteroid [[4179 Toutatis]] in April 2012.<ref name="auto"/>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| ARTEMIS mission extension of [[THEMIS]] 
| Earth–Moon {{L1|nolink=yes}} and {{L2|nolink=yes}} || NASA || Mission consists of two spacecraft, which were the first spacecraft to reach Earth–Moon Lagrangian points. Both moved through Earth–Moon Lagrangian points, and are now in lunar orbit.<ref>{{cite web|last=Fox|first=Karen C.|title=First ARTEMIS Spacecraft Successfully Enters Lunar Orbit|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/artemis/news/P1-lunarOrbit.html|work=The Sun-Earth Connection: Heliophysics|date=25 March 2015 |publisher=NASA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Hendrix|first=Susan|title=Second ARTEMIS Spacecraft Successfully Enters Lunar Orbit|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/artemis/news/P2-lunarOrbit.html|work=The Sun-Earth Connection: Heliophysics|date=25 March 2015 |publisher=NASA}}</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[WIND (spacecraft)|WIND]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || NASA || Arrived at L<sub>2</sub> in November 2003 and departed April 2004.
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Gaia (spacecraft)|Gaia Space Observatory]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || ESA || Launched 19 December 2013.<ref name="Gaiaspaceflightnow">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/tracking/index.html |title=Worldwide launch schedule |publisher=Spaceflight Now |date=27 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530232910/http://www.spaceflightnow.com/tracking/index.html |archive-date= 30 May 2010 }}</ref> Operational {{As of|2020||lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sci.esa.int/web/gaia/-/47354-fact-sheet|title=ESA Science & Technology - Fact Sheet|website=sci.esa.int|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Chang'e 5-T1|Chang'e 5-T1 Service Module]] 
| Earth–Moon {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] || Launched on 23 October 2014, arrived at L<sub>2</sub> [[halo orbit]] on 13 January 2015.<ref name="auto1"/>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Queqiao relay satellite|Queqiao]] 
| Earth–Moon {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] || Launched on 21 May 2018, arrived at L<sub>2</sub> [[halo orbit]] on June 14 for [[Chang'e 4#Science payloads|Chang'e 4 mission]].<ref name=queqiao>{{cite web |url=https://gbtimes.com/china-launches-queqiao-relay-satellite-to-support-change-4-lunar-far-side-landing-mission |title=China launches Queqiao relay satellite to support Chang'e 4 lunar far side landing mission |work=[[GBTimes]] |first=Andrew |last=Jones |date=21 May 2018 |access-date=22 May 2018 |archive-date=22 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522112109/https://gbtimes.com/china-launches-queqiao-relay-satellite-to-support-change-4-lunar-far-side-landing-mission |url-status=dead }}</ref> Queqiao is the first ever communication relay and [[radio astronomy]] satellite at operating its location.<ref name="P Society Luyuan Xu">{{cite news |last1=Xu |first1=Luyuan |title=How China's lunar relay satellite arrived in its final orbit |url=http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2018/20180615-queqiao-orbit-explainer.html |work=The Planetary Society |date=15 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017123833/http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2018/20180615-queqiao-orbit-explainer.html |archive-date=17 October 2018}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Spektr-RG]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[Russian Space Research Institute|IKI RAN]]<br>[[German Aerospace Center|DLR]] || Launched 13 July 2019. [[X-ray|Roentgen]] and [[Gamma ray|Gamma]] space observatory. Operational as of June 2020.<ref name=esaSpektrRG>{{cite web |url=https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2020/06/Illustration_of_the_Spektr-RG_spacecraft |title=Illustration of the Spektr-RG spacecraft |date=24 June 2020|access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Chang'e 5|Chang'e 5 Service Module]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] || Launched on 23 November 2020, arrived at L<sub>1</sub> [[halo orbit]] on 15 March 2021.
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[James Webb Space Telescope]] (JWST) 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || NASA, ESA, [[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]]
| Launched on 25 December 2021, arrived at L<sub>2</sub> point on 24 January 2022. Operational as of 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-59782057|title=James Webb Space Telescope lifts off on historic mission|work=BBC News |date=25 December 2021 |language=en|access-date=2021-12-25}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Euclid (spacecraft)|Euclid]]
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || ESA, NASA
| Launched on 1 July 2023, arrived at L<sub>2</sub> point on 28 July 2023. Currently in testing phase as of September 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Euclid/Follow_Euclid_s_first_months_in_space#:~:text=In%20the%20month%20after%20its,arrived'%20at%20its%20destination%20orbit. |title=Follow Euclid's first months in space |date=25 August 2023 |access-date=2 September 2023 |work=ESA}}</ref>
|- style="background:#F2F2F2"
!scope=row| [[Aditya-L1]]
| Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || [[ISRO]] || Launched on 2 September 2023<ref>{{cite web |last=Graham |first=William |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2023/09/india-aditya-l1-pslv/ |title=India launches first solar research mission, Aditya-L1, aboard PSLV |date=2 September 2023 |access-date=2 September 2023 |work=NASASpaceFlight}}</ref> and was successfully inserted into an orbit about Sun-Earth L<sub>1</sub> point on 6 January 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Halo-Orbit Insertion of Aditya-L1 Successfully Accomplished |url=https://www.isro.gov.in/halo-orbit-insertion-adtya-l1.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=www.isro.gov.in}}</ref>
|- style="background:#CCFFD9"
!scope=row| [[Chang'e 6|Chang'e 6 Service Module]] 
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] || Launched on 3 May 2024, arrived at L<sub>2</sub> [[halo orbit]] on 9 September 2024.
|}

===Future and proposed missions===
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sticky-header"
|+{{sronly|Future and proposed missions to Lagrangian points}}
|-
!scope=col| Mission
!scope=col| Lagrangian point
!scope=col| Agency
!scope=col| Description
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| "Lunar Far-Side Communication Satellites"
| Earth–Moon {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[NASA]]
| Proposed in 1968 for communications on the [[far side of the Moon]] during the [[Apollo program]],<br>mainly to enable an Apollo landing on the far side—neither the satellites nor the landing were ever realized.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19670026536 |title= Lunar far-side communication satellites |first= P.E. |last= Schmid |date= July 28, 1967 |publisher= NASA [[Goddard Space Flight Center]] |access-date= 2020-09-14 }}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Lagrange point colonization|Space colonization]] and manufacturing
| Earth–Moon {{L4|nolink=yes}} or {{L5|nolink=yes}} || — || First proposed in 1974 by [[Gerard K. O'Neill]]<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Colonization of Space|last=O'Neill|first=Gerard K.|journal=Physics Today|volume=27|issue=9|pages=32–40|date=September 1974|doi=10.1063/1.3128863|bibcode=1974PhT....27i..32O|doi-access=free}}</ref> and subsequently advocated by the [[L5 Society]].
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[EQUULEUS (spacecraft)|EQUULEUS]]
| Earth–Moon {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[University of Tokyo]], [[JAXA]]
| 6U [[CubeSat]], launch planned in 2021 as a secondary payload onboard [[Space Launch System|SLS]] [[Artemis 1]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://indico.esa.int/indico/event/111/session/29/contribution/102/material/slides/2.pdf | title=Extended Tisserand graph and multiple lunar swing-by design with Sun perturbation | publisher=JAXA |date=3 March 2016 | access-date=2016-06-07}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[DESTINY+]]
| Earth–Moon {{L2|nolink=yes}} || JAXA
| JAXA "Medium-Sized Focused Mission"; launch planned for 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://destiny.isas.jaxa.jp/about.html|title=<span lang="ja">DESTINYについて </span>|access-date=2015-10-23|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007050659/http://destiny.isas.jaxa.jp/about.html|archive-date=2015-10-07|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Exploration Gateway Platform]]
| Earth–Moon {{L2|nolink=yes}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/06/nasa-teams-evaluating-iss-built-exploration-platform-roadmap/|title=NASA teams evaluating ISS-built Exploration Platform roadmap|date=June 15, 2012}}</ref> || NASA
| Proposed in 2011.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2011/12/exploration-gateway-platform-hosting-reusable-lunar-lander-proposed/ | title= Exploration Gateway Platform hosting Reusable Lunar Lander proposed | first= Chris | last= Bergin |date = December 2011| publisher= NASA Spaceflight.com | access-date= 2011-12-05 }}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope]] (WFIRST)
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || NASA, [[United States Department of Energy|USDOE]]
| Launch planned for 2026.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/the-nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope |title=The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope |work=[[JPL]] |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=21 August 2021}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[LiteBIRD]]
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://indico.cern.ch/event/376392/contribution/17/attachments/1147595/1645901/20150901_Hazumi_LiteBIRD_Florence_final.pdf#page=10 |title=LiteBIRD |last=Masahashi |first=Hazumi |publisher=indico.cern |date=1 September 2015 |format=PDF |access-date=2015-10-23}}</ref> || JAXA, NASA
| JAXA's next "Strategic Large Mission"; launch planned for 2032.<ref name="dsbt-20230703">{{cite web |url=https://www.d-sbt.fr/en/Pages/News/2023_Thomas-Prouve.aspx |title=The origin of the Universe will be unveiled by the LiteBIRD cryogenic satellite |work=[[Grenoble Alpes University]] |date=3 July 2023 |access-date=26 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Montier |first=L. |url=https://indico.in2p3.fr/event/19378/sessions/12141/attachments/54391/71180/20190710_LBDay_Overview.pdf |title=LiteBIRD Overview |work=[[IN2P3]] |date=10 July 2019 |access-date=21 August 2021}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe|Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP)]]
|Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} ||NASA ||Planned for launch in early 2025.
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row|[[Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1|Space Weather Follow On - Lagrange 1 (SWFO-L1)]]
|Sun–Earth {{L1|nolink=yes}} || NOAA || Planned for launch in early 2025 as a rideshare to IMAP.
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Planetary Transits and Oscillations of stars]] (PLATO)
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || ESA|| Planned for launch in 2026 for an initial six-year mission.<ref name="Plato planet-hunter">{{cite web|url=http://sci.esa.int/plato/53707-esa-selects-planet-hunting-plato-mission/|title=ESA selects planet-hunting PLATO mission|publisher=[[ESA]]|date=19 February 2014|access-date=25 April 2016}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[SPICA (spacecraft)|Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology<br>and Astrophysics]] (SPICA)
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || JAXA, ESA, [[Netherlands Institute for Space Research|SRON]]
| {{as of|2015}}, awaiting approval from both Japanese and European side, launch proposed for 2032.<ref>{{citation | url=http://cor.gsfc.nasa.gov/copag/aas_jan2015/SPICA_COPAG_4Jan2015.pdf | title=SPICA | first=Hiroshi|last= Shibai  | date=2014-12-31 | access-date=2015-02-24}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics]]<br>(ATHENA)
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || ESA|| Launch planned for 2035.<ref name="athenaReboot">{{cite web|url=http://sci.esa.int/cosmic-vision/54241-athena-to-study-the-hot-and-energetic-universe/|title=ESA Science & Technology: Athena to study the hot and energetic Universe|publisher=[[ESA]]|date=27 June 2014|access-date=23 August 2014}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[ESA Vigil]]
| Sun–Earth {{L5|nolink=yes}} || ESA|| Observatory for early warning of increased [[solar activity]]. Launch planned for 2029.
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| Sun Chaser<ref name="Sun Chaser">{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20220013632|title=Sun Chaser - A Mission to the Earth-Sun Lagrangian Point 4|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=7 September 2022|access-date=20 October 2023}}</ref>
| Sun–Earth {{L4|nolink=yes}} || — || Observatory for early warning of [[solar particle events]].  Early proposal phase.
|- style="background:#FFFFFF"
!scope=row| [[Spektr-M]]
| Sun–Earth {{L2|nolink=yes}} || [[Roscosmos]] || Possible launch after 2030.<ref name="Spektr-M">{{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20190629/1556035673.html|title=<span lang="ru">В РАН рассказали, когда состоится запуск космического телескопа "Спектр-М"</span>|publisher=РИА Новости|date=2019-06-29|access-date = 2019-07-13}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
*[[Trojan (celestial body)]]
*[[Co-orbital configuration]]

==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}

{{Planetary exploration}}
{{Space exploration lists and timelines}}
{{Portal bar|Astronomy|Stars|Spaceflight|Outer space|Solar System}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Objects At Lagrangian Points}}
[[Category:Trojans (astronomy)]]
[[Category:Outer space lists]]
[[Category:Satellites orbiting Lagrange points|*]]