Editing List of recently extinct mammals

{{Short description|None}}
{{See also|List of prehistoric mammals}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
[[File:Extinctions Africa Austrailia NAmerica Madagascar.gif|thumb|300px|Biodiversity of large mammal species per continent before and after humans' arrival]]
{{Mammals by population sidebar}}
{{IUCN mammal chart}}

'''Recently extinct mammals''' are defined by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN) as any [[mammal]]s that have become [[Extinction|extinct]] since the year 1500 [[Current Era|CE]].<ref name=fisher/> Since then, roughly 80 mammal species have become extinct.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ceballos|first1=G.|last2=Ehrlich|first2=A. H.|last3=Ehrlich|first3=P. R.|year=2015|title=The Annihilation of Nature: Human Extinction of Birds and Mammals|location=Baltimore, Maryland|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=978-1421417189}} "69"</ref>

Extinction of [[taxon|taxa]] is difficult to confirm, as a long gap without a sighting is not definitive, but before 1995 a threshold of 50 years without a sighting was used to declare extinction.<ref name=fisher/>

One study found that extinction from [[habitat loss]] is the hardest to detect, as this might only fragment populations to the point of concealment from humans. Some mammals declared as extinct may very well [[Lazarus taxon#Mammals|reappear]].<ref name="fisher">{{cite journal|first1=Diana O.|last1=Fisher|first2=Simon P.|last2=Blomberg|year=2011|title=Correlates of rediscovery and the detectability of extinction in mammals|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|volume=278|issue=1708|pages=1090–1097|doi=10.1098/rspb.2010.1579|pmc=3049027|pmid=20880890}}</ref> For example, a study found that 36% of purported mammalian extinction had been resolved, while the rest either had validity issues (insufficient evidence) or had been rediscovered.<ref name="macphee">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305712631|title=Extinctions in Near Time|chapter=Requiem Æternam: the last five hundred years of mammalian species extinctions|first1=Ross D. E.|last1=Macphee|first2=Clare|last2=Flemming|year=1999|isbn=978-1-4419-3315-7|series=Advances in Vertebrate Paleobiology|volume=2|editor-first=Ross D. E.|editor-last=MacPhee| editor2-first=Hans-Dieter|editor2-last=Sues}}</ref>

As of June 2023, the IUCN listed 233 mammalian species as ''critically endangered'', while 27% of all mammalian species were threatened with extinction.<ref name="IUCNDATA">{{cite web|title=IUCN Red List version 2022.2|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/|website=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) |access-date=21 June 2023 }}</ref>

==Conventions==
All species listed here as ''[[extinct]]'' (no known individuals remaining) are designated by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN). Species which are ''[[extinct in the wild]]'' only reside in captivity. Species listed as ''possibly extinct'' are classified as being [[critically endangered]], as it is unknown whether or not these species are extinct.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cmsdocs.s3.amazonaws.com/summarystats/2016-1_Summary_Stats_Page_Documents/2016_1_RL_Stats_Table_9.pdf|title=Possibly Extinct and Possibly Extinct in the Wild Species|publisher=[[IUCN Redlist|IUCN Redlist of Threatened Species]]|year=2016|access-date=29 August 2016}}</ref> Extinct [[subspecies]] such as the [[Javan tiger]] (''Panthera tigris sondaica'')<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Jackson, P. |author2=Nowell, K. |date=2008 |title=''Panthera tigris'' ssp. ''sondaica'' |volume=2008 |page=e.T41681A10509194 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T41681A10509194.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> are not listed here as the species, in this case ''[[Panthera tigris]]'', is still [[Neontology|extant]]. The [[IUCN Redlist]] classification for each species serves as a citation, and the superscripted "IUCN" by the date is a link to that species' page. A range map is provided where available, and a description of their former or current range is given if a range map is not available.

== Causes of extinction ==
[[Human impact on the environment|Anthropogenic]] (human caused) [[habitat degradation]] is the main cause of species extinctions now. The main cause of habitat degradation worldwide is agriculture, with [[urban sprawl]], logging, mining and some fishing practices close behind. The physical destruction of a habitat, both directly ([[deforestation]] for [[land development]] or [[lumber]]) and indirectly (burning [[fossil fuel]]s), is an example of this.<ref>{{cite book|title=Essentials of Conservation Biology|last=Primack|first=R. B.|publisher=Sinauer Associates|year=2006|isbn=978-0-87893-720-2|edition=4th|location=Sunderland, MA.|pages=177–188|chapter=Habitat destruction}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url= |title=Combustion of available fossil fuel resources sufficient to eliminate the Antarctic Ice Sheet |last1=Winkelmann |first1=Ricarda |author1-link=Ricarda Winkelmann |last2=Levermann |first2=Anders |year=2015|doi=10.1126/sciadv.1500589 |pmid=26601273|pmc=4643791 |last3=Ridgwell |first3=Andy |last4=Caldeira |first4=Ken |journal=Science Advances |volume=1 |issue=8 |pages=e1500589 |bibcode=2015SciA....1E0589W}}</ref>

Also, increasing toxicity, through media such as [[pesticide]]s, can kill off a species very rapidly, by killing all living members through [[contamination]] or [[Sterilization (medicine)|sterilizing]] them. [[Persistent organic pollutant]]s (POPs), for example, can [[bioaccumulate]] to hazardous levels, getting increasingly dangerous further up the [[food chain]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kelly|first1=B. C.|last2=Ikonomou|first2=M. G.|last3=Blair|first3=J. D.|last4=Morin|first4=A. E.|last5=Gobas|first5=F. A. P. C.|year=2007|title=Food Web-Specific Biomagnification of Persistent Organic Pollutants|journal=Science|volume=317|issue=5835|pages=236–239|doi=10.1126/science.1138275|pmid=17626882|bibcode=2007Sci...317..236K|s2cid=52835862}}</ref>

Disease can also be a factor: [[white nose syndrome]] in [[bat]]s, for example, is causing a substantial decline in their populations and may even lead to the extinction of some species.<ref name="Langwig_2012">{{cite journal|last=Langwig|first=K.E.|year=2012|title=Sociality, density-dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering from a novel fungal disease, white-nose syndrome|journal=Ecology Letters|volume=15|issue=1|pages=1050–1057|doi=10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01829.x|pmid=22747672|author2=W.F. Frick|author3=J.T. Bried|author4=A.C. Hicks|author5=T.H. Kunz|author6=A.M. Kilpatrick|bibcode=2012EcolL..15.1050L }}</ref>

[[Overhunting]] also has an impact. Terrestrial mammals, such as the tiger and deer, are mainly hunted for their pelts and in some cases meat, and marine mammals can be hunted for their oil and leather. Specific targeting of one species can be problematic to the ecosystem because the sudden demise of one species can inadvertently lead to the demise of another ([[coextinction]]) especially if the targeted species is a [[keystone species]]. [[Sea otter]]s, for example, were hunted in the [[maritime fur trade]], and their drop in population led to the rise in [[sea urchin]]s—their main food source—which decreased the population of kelp—the sea urchin's and [[Steller's sea cow]]'s main food source—leading to the extinction of the Steller's sea cow.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Estes|first1=James A.|last2=Burdin|first2=Alexander|last3=Doak|first3=Daniel F.|year=2016|title=Sea otters, kelp forests, and the extinction of Steller's sea cow|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|volume=113|issue=4|pages=880–885|doi=10.1073/pnas.1502552112|pmc=4743786|pmid=26504217|bibcode=2016PNAS..113..880E|doi-access=free}}</ref> The hunting of an already limited species can easily lead to its extinction, as with the [[bluebuck]] whose range was confined to {{convert|1700|sqmi|sqkm}} and which was hunted into extinction soon after discovery by European settlers.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Husson|first1=A. M.|last2=Holthuis|first2=L. B.|year=1969|title=On the type of ''Antilope leucophaea'' preserved in the collection of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie Leiden|journal=Zoologische Mededelingen|volume=44|pages=147–157}}</ref>

== Australia ==
Island creatures are usually [[endemic]] to only that island, and that limited range and small population can leave them vulnerable to sudden changes.<ref>{{cite book|url={{Google books|plainurl=yes|id=JmSsNuwMAxgC|page=225}}|title=Evolution of Island Mammals: Adaptation and Extinction of Placental Mammals on Islands|last1=van der Geer|first1=Alexandra|last2=Lyras|first2=George|last3=de Vos|first3=John|last4=Dermitzakis|first4=Michael|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4051-9009-1|location=Oxford|pages=225–227}}</ref> While Australia is a continent and not an island, due to its geographical isolation, its [[Endemism|unique fauna]] has suffered an extreme decline in mammal species, 10% of its 273 terrestrial mammals, since [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|European settlement]] (a loss of one to two species per decade); in contrast, only one species in North America has become extinct since [[European colonization of the Americas|European settlement]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}} Furthermore, 21% of Australia's mammals are [[Threatened species|threatened]], and unlike in most other continents, the main cause is predation by [[feral species]], such as [[feral cat|cats]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Woinarskia|first1=John C. Z.|last2=Burbidge|first2=Andrew A.|last3=Harrison|first3=Peter L.|year=2015|title=Ongoing unraveling of a continental fauna: Decline and extinction of Australian mammals since European settlement|url=http://www.pnas.org/content/112/15/4531.full.pdf|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|volume=112|pages=4531–4540|doi=10.1073/pnas.1417301112|number=5|pmid=25675493|pmc=4403217|bibcode=2015PNAS..112.4531W|doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Extinct species==
{{See also|Extinction}}
A species is declared extinct after exhaustive surveys of all potential habitats eliminate all reasonable doubt that the last individual of a species, whether in the wild or in captivity, has died.<ref name=iucn2012/> Recently extinct species are defined by the IUCN as becoming extinct after 1500 [[Current Era|CE]].<ref name=fisher/>

{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Common name!!Binomial name!!Order!!data-sort-type=isoDate|Date of extinction!!width=120pt|Former range!!Picture
|-
|[[Broad-faced potoroo]]
|''Potorous platyops''<br />{{small|[[John Gould|Gould]], 1844}} 
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1875 {{IUCNlink|18103|1}}
|[[Australia]]
|[[File:BroadFacedPotoroo.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Eastern hare wallaby]]
|''Lagorchestes leporides''<br />{{small|[[John Gould|Gould]], 1841}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1889 {{IUCNlink|11163|1}}
|[[File:Eastern Hare Wallaby Distribution Map.png|180px]]<br />{{small|{{font color|white|Australia}}}}
|[[File:Lagorchestes leporides Gould.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Lake Mackay hare-wallaby]]
|''Lagorchestes asomatus''<br />{{small|Finlayson, 1943}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1932 {{IUCNlink|11160|1}}
|Australia
|
|-
|[[Desert rat-kangaroo]]
|''Caloprymnus campestris''<br />{{small|[[John Gould|Gould]], 1843}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1935 {{IUCNlink|3626|1}}
|[[File:Desert Rat Kangaroo Distribution Map.png|180px]]<br />{{small|{{font color|white|Australia}}}}
|[[File:Caloprymnus.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Thylacine]]<br />or Tasmanian wolf/tiger
|''Thylacinus cynocephalus''<br />{{small|[[George Prideaux Robert Harris|Harris]], 1808}}
|[[Dasyuromorphia]]
|1936 {{IUCNlink|21866|1}}
|[[File:ThylacineRangeMap.png|130px]]<br />{{small|{{font color|white|Australia, Tasmania}}}}
|[[File:Thylacinus.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Toolache wallaby]]
|''Macropus greyi''<br />{{small|[[George Robert Waterhouse|Waterhouse]], 1846}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1939 {{IUCNlink|12625|1}}
|Australia
|[[File:Macropus greyi - Gould.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Desert bandicoot]]
|''Perameles eremiana''<br />{{small|[[Walter Baldwin Spencer|Spencer]], 1837}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|1943 {{IUCNlink|16570|1}}
|Australia
|[[File:Perameles_eremiana.jpg|180px]]
|-
|New South Wales barred bandicoot<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=TRAVOUILLON|first1=KENNY J.|last2=PHILLIPS|first2=MATTHEW J.|date=2018-02-07|title=Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species|url=https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4378.2.3|journal=Zootaxa|volume=4378|issue=2|pages=224–256|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4378.2.3|pmid=29690027 |issn=1175-5334|url-access=subscription}}</ref>
|''Perameles fasciata''<br />{{small|[[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1841}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1850"|mid-19th century
|Australia
|[[File:Gerard Krefft - Western barred Bandicoot, Perameles bougainville - Google Art Project.jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|-
|Southwestern barred bandicoot<ref name=":0" />
|''Perameles myosuros''<br />{{small|[[Johann Andreas Wagner|Wagner]], 1841}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1850"|mid-19th century
|Australia
|[[File:Perameles bougainville - Gould.jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|-
|Southern barred bandicoot<ref name=":0" />
|''Perameles notina''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1922}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1850"|mid-19th century
|Australia
|
|-
|[[Perameles papillon|Nullarbor barred bandicoot]]<ref name=":0" />
|''Perameles papillon''<br />{{small|Travouillon & Phillips, 2018}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1915" | early 20th century
|Australia
|
|-
|[[Lesser bilby]]<br />or yallara
|''Macrotis leucura''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1887}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1965"|1960s {{IUCNlink|12651|1}}
|[[File:Lesser Bilby Distribution Map 2.0.png|180px]]<br />{{small|{{font color|white|Australia}}}}
|[[File:Lesserbilby.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Southern pig-footed bandicoot]]
|''Chaeropus ecaudatus''<br />{{small|[[William Ogilby|Ogilby]], 1838}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1955"|1950s {{IUCNlink|4322|1}}
|[[File:Pig-footed Bandicoot Distribution Map.png|180px]]<br />{{small|{{font color|white|Australia}}}}
|[[File:PigFootedBandicoot.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Northern pig-footed bandicoot]]
|''Chaeropus yirratji''<br />{{small|Travouillon ''et al.'', 2019}}
|[[Peramelemorphia]]
|data-sort-value="1955"|1950s 
|[[File:Pig-footed Bandicoot Distribution Map.png|180px]]
|[[File:Mus Nat Hist Nat 25022013 Chaeropus ecaudatus.jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|-
|[[Crescent nail-tail wallaby]]
|''Onychogalea lunata''<br />{{small|[[John Gould|Gould]], 1841}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1956 {{IUCNlink|15331|1}}
|Australia (western and central)
|[[File:Onychogalea lunata.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Red-bellied gracile opossum]]<br />or red-bellied gracile mouse opossum
|''Cryptonanus ignitus''<br />{{small|Díaz, Flores and Barquez, 2002}}
|[[Didelphimorphia]]
|1962 {{IUCNlink|41320|1}}
|[[Argentina]]
|
|-
|[[Nullarbor dwarf bettong]]
|''Bettongia pusilla''<br />{{small|McNamara, 1997}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|136805|1}}
|Australia ([[Nullarbor Plain]]) 
|
|-
|[[Steller's sea cow]]
|''Hydrodamalis gigas''<br />{{small|[[Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann|von Zimmermann]], 1780}}
|[[Sirenia]]
|1768 {{IUCNlink|10303|1}}
|[[Commander Islands]] ([[Russia]], [[United States]])
|[[File:Em - Hydrodamalis gigas model.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Bramble Cay melomys]]
|''Melomys rubicola''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1924}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|2016 {{IUCNlink|13132|1}}
|Australia ([[Bramble Cay]])
|[[File:Bramble-cay-melomys.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Oriente cave rat]]
|''Boromys offella''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1916}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|2885|1}}
|[[Cuba]]
|[[File:Boromys.offella.bmcz.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Torre's cave rat]] 
|''Boromys torrei''<br />{{small|[[Joel Asaph Allen|Allen]], 1917}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|2886|1}}
|Cuba
|[[File:Boromys.torrei.bmcz.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Imposter hutia]] 
|''Hexolobodon phenax''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1929}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|10034|1}}
|[[Hispaniola]] (currently [[Haiti]] and the [[Dominican Republic]])
|
|-
|[[Montane hutia]]
|''Isolobodon montanus''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1922}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|10859|1}}
|Hispaniola
|
|-
|[[Lagostomus|Dwarf viscacha]]
|''[[Lagostomus crassus]]''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1910}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1900|}} early 1900s {{IUCNlink|136452|1}}
|Peru
|
|-
|[[Galápagos giant rat]] 
|''Megaoryzomys curioi''<br />{{small|Niethammer, 1964}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} 1500s {{IUCNlink|136657|1}}
|[[Santa Cruz Island (Galápagos)]]
|[[File:Megaoryzomys curioi skull.JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Cuban coney]]
|''Geocapromys columbianus''<br />{{small|[[Frank Chapman (ornithologist)|Chapman]], 1892}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|16645|1}}
|Cuba
|
|-
|[[Hispaniolan edible rat]] 
|''Brotomys voratus''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1916}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|data-sort-value="1540"|1536–1546 {{IUCNlink|3121|1}}
|Hispaniola
|
|-
|[[Puerto Rican hutia]]
|''Isolobodon portoricensis''<br />{{small|[[Joel Asaph Allen|Allen]], 1916}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1900|}} early 1900s {{IUCNlink|10860|1}}
|Hispaniola; introduced to [[Puerto Rico]], [[Saint Thomas Island]], [[Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands]] and [[Mona Island]]
|
|-
|[[Big-eared hopping mouse]] 
|''Notomys macrotis''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1921}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1843 {{IUCNlink|14865|1}}
|Australia (central [[Western Australia]])
|
|-
|[[Darling Downs hopping mouse]]
|''Notomys mordax''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1921}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1846 {{IUCNlink|14866|1}}
|Australia ([[Darling Downs]], [[Queensland]])
|
|-
|[[White-footed rabbit-rat]]
|''Conilurus albipes''<br />{{small|[[Hinrich Lichtenstein|Lichtenstein]], 1829}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1860|}} early 1860s {{IUCNlink|5223|1}}
|Australia (eastern coast)
|[[File:Conilurus albipes - Gould.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Capricorn rabbit rat]]
|''Conilurus capricornensis''<br />{{small|Cramb and Hocknull, 2010}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|75927841|1}}
|Australia ([[Queensland]])
|
|-
|[[Short-tailed hopping mouse]]
|''Notomys amplus''<br />{{small|Brazenor, 1936}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1896 {{IUCNlink|14861|1}}
|Australia ([[Great Sandy Desert]])
|
|-
|[[Long-tailed hopping mouse]] 
|''Notomys longicaudatus''<br />{{small|[[John Gould|Gould]], 1844}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1901 {{IUCNlink|14864|1}}
|Australia
|[[File:Notomys longicaudatus.jpg|180x180px]]
|-
|[[Great hopping mouse]]
|''Notomys robustus''<br />{{small|Mahoney, Smith and Medlin, 2008}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1800|}} mid-1800s {{IUCNlink|45958541|1}}
|Australia ([[Flinders Ranges]] and Davenport Ranges)
|
|-
|[[Megalomys desmarestii|Desmarest's pilorie]]<br />or Martinique giant rice rat
|''Megalomys desmarestii''<br />{{small|Fischer, 1829}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1902 {{IUCNlink|12980|1}}
|[[Martinique]]
|[[File:Mus Nat Hist Nat 25022013 Megalomys desmarestii.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Megalomys luciae|Saint Lucia pilorie]]<br />or Saint Lucia giant rice rat
|''Megalomys luciae''<br />{{small|Major, 1901}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1881 {{IUCNlink|12981|1}}
|[[Saint Lucia]]
|[[File:Mus Nat Hist Nat 25022013 Megalomys luciae.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Bulldog rat]]
|''Rattus nativitatis''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1888}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1903 {{IUCNlink|19351|1}}
|[[Christmas Island]]
|[[File:Rattus nativitatis.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Maclear's rat]]
|''Rattus macleari''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1887}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1903 {{IUCNlink|19344|1}}
|Christmas Island
|[[File:MusMacleariSmit.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Darwin's Galápagos mouse]]
|''Nesoryzomys darwini''<br />{{small|[[Wilfred Hudson Osgood|Osgood]], 1929}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1930 {{IUCNlink|14706|1}}
|[[Galápagos Islands]]
|
|-
|[[Gould's mouse]]
|''Pseudomys gouldii''<br />{{small|[[George Robert Waterhouse|Waterhouse]], 1839}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1930 {{IUCNlink|18551|1}}
|Australia (southern half)
|[[File:Pseudomys gouldii - Gould.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Plains rat]]<br />or palyoora
|''Pseudomys auritus''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1910}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1800|}} early 1800s {{IUCNlink|75927882|1}}
|Australia ([[Kangaroo Island]] and the [[Younghusband Peninsula]])
|
|-
|[[Pemberton's deer mouse]]
|''Peromyscus pembertoni''<br />{{small|[[William Henry Burt|Burt]], 1932}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1931 {{IUCNlink|16645|1}}
|[[San Pedro Nolasco Island]], Mexico
|[[File:Pemberton's deer mouse.png|180x180px]]
|-
|[[Samaná hutia]]
|''Plagiodontia ipnaeum''<br />{{small|Johnson, 1948}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{efn|A 1985 study suggested they may have survived into the 1900s based on local legends of the "comadreja"}} {{IUCNlink|17462|1}}
|Hispaniola
|
|-
|[[Hispaniola monkey]]
|''Antillothrix bernensis''<br />{{small| MacPhee, Horovitz, Arredondo, & Jimenez Vasquez, 1995}}
|[[Primates]]
|data-sort-value="1515"| early 16th century
|Hispaniola (currently Dominican Republic)
|
|-
|[[Lesser stick-nest rat]]<br />or white-tipped stick-nest rat
|''Leporillus apicalis''<br />{{small|[[John Gould]], 1854}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1933 {{IUCNlink|11633|1}}
|Australia (west-central)
|[[File:Leporillus apicalis - Gould.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Indefatigable Galápagos mouse]] 
|''Nesoryzomys indefessus''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1899}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1934 {{IUCNlink|14708|1}}
|Galápagos Islands
|
|-
|[[Little Swan Island hutia]]
|''Geocapromys thoracatus''<br />{{small|[[Frederick W. True|True]], 1888}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1955 {{IUCNlink|9003|1}}
|[[Swan Islands, Honduras]]
|[[File:Geocapromys thoracatus (Harvard University).JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Blue-gray mouse]]
|''Pseudomys glaucus''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1910}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1956 {{IUCNlink|18564|1}}
|Australia ([[Queensland]], [[New South Wales]])
|
|-
|[[Buhler's coryphomys]]<br />or Buhler's rat
|''Coryphomys buehleri''<br />{{small|Schaub, 1937}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|5414|1}}
|[[West Timor]], [[Indonesia]]
|
|-
|[[Insular cave rat]]
|''Heteropsomys insulans''<br />{{small|Anthony, 1916}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|10025|1}}
|[[Vieques Island]], Puerto Rico
|
|-
|[[Candango mouse]]
|''Juscelinomys candango''<br />{{small|[[João Moojen|Moojen]], 1965}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1960 {{IUCNlink|10946|1}}
|Central [[Brazil]]
|[[File:Jusceliomys candango.jpg|180x180px]]
|-
|[[Anthony's woodrat]]
|''Neotoma anthonyi''<br />{{small|[[Glover Morrill Allen|Allen]], 1898}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1926 {{IUCNlink|14576|1}}
|[[Isla Todos Santos]], Mexico
|
|-
|[[Bunker's woodrat]]
|''Neotoma bunkeri''<br />{{small|Burt, 1932}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1931 {{IUCNlink|14577|1}}
|[[Coronado Islands]], Mexico
|
|-
|[[Noronhomys|Vespucci's rodent]]
|''Noronhomys vespuccii''<br />{{small|Carleton and [[Storrs L. Olson|Olson]], 1999}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1500 {{IUCNlink|136692|1}}
|[[Fernando de Noronha]], Brazil
|
|-
|[[Oligoryzomys victus|St. Vincent colilargo]]<br />or St. Vincent pygmy rice rat
|''Oligoryzomys victus''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1898}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1892 {{IUCNlink|15255|1}}
|[[Saint Vincent (island)|Saint Vincent]]
|
|-
|[[Jamaican rice rat]]
|''Oryzomys antillarum''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1898}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1877 {{IUCNlink|136540|1}}
|Jamaica
|[[File:Oryzomys antillarum Ray.png|130px]]
|-
|[[Nelson's rice rat]]
|''Oryzomys nelsoni''<br />{{small|[[Clinton Hart Merriam|Merriam]], 1889}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1897 {{IUCNlink|15583|1}}
|[[Islas Marías]], Mexico
|[[File:Oryzomys nelsoni dorsal.png|100px]]
|-
|[[Pennatomys nivalis|Nevis rice rat]],<br /> St. Eustatius rice rat, or St. Kitts rice rat
|''Pennatomys nivalis''<br />{{small|Turvey, Weksler, Morris & Nokkert, 2010}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s{{efn|There were reports of unusual rats on [[Nevis]] being eaten by islanders in the 1930s.<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Samuel T.|last1=Turvey|first2=Marcelo|last2= Weksler|first3=Elaine L.|last3=Morris|first4=Mark|last4=Nokkert|year=2010|title=Taxonomy, phylogeny, and diversity of the extinct Lesser Antillean rice rats (Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini), with description of a new genus and species|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=160|issue=4|pages=748–772|doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00628.x|doi-access=free}}</ref>}} {{IUCNlink|199838|1}}
| [[Sint Eustatius]] and [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]]
|[[File:Pennatomys-range2.svg|180px]]
|-
|[[Christmas Island pipistrelle]]
|''Pipistrellus murrayi''<br />{{small|[[Charles William Andrews|Andrews]], 1900}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|2009 {{IUCNlink|136769|1}}
|Christmas Island
|
|-
|[[Sardinian pika]]
|''Prolagus sardus''<br />{{small|[[Johann Andreas Wagner|Wagner]], 1832}}
|[[Lagomorpha]]
|1774 {{IUCNlink|18338|1}}
|[[Corsica]] and [[Sardinia]]
|[[File:Prolagus3.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Marcano's solenodon]]
|''Solenodon marcanoi''<br />{{small|[[Colin Patterson (biologist)|Patterson]], 1962}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} 1500s {{IUCNlink|20322|1}}
|Dominican Republic
|
|-
|[[Puerto Rican nesophontes]]
|''Nesophontes edithae''<br />{{small|Anthony, 1916}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|41313|1}}
|Puerto Rico, Vieques Island, [[Saint John, U.S. Virgin Islands]] and [[Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands]]
|[[File:Puerto Rican shrew.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Atalaye nesophontes]]
|''Nesophontes hypomicrus''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1929}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|14672|1}}
|Hispaniola
|
|-
|[[Greater Cuban nesophontes]]
|''Nesophontes major''<br />{{small|Arredondo, 1970}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|136381|1}}
|Cuba
|
|-
|[[Western Cuban nesophontes]]
|''Nesophontes micrus''<br />{{small|[[Glover Morrill Allen|Allen]], 1917}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|14673|1}}
|Cuba (including [[Isla de la Juventud]])
|
|-
|[[St. Michel nesophontes]]
|''Nesophontes paramicrus''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1929}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|14674|1}}
|Hispaniola
|
|-
|[[Haitian nesophontes]]
|''Nesophontes zamicrus''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1929}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|14676|1}}
|Haiti
|
|- 
|[[Lesser Mascarene flying fox]]<br />or dark flying fox
|''Pteropus subniger''<br />{{small|[[Robert Kerr (writer)|kerr]], 1792}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1864 {{IUCNlink|18761|1}}
|[[Réunion]], [[Mauritius]]
|[[File:Pteropus subniger.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Guam flying fox]]<br />or Guam fruit bat
|''Pteropus tokudae''<br />{{small|[[George Henry Hamilton Tate|Tate]], 1934}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1968 {{IUCNlink|18763|1}}
|[[Guam]]
|
|-
|[[Dusky flying fox]]<br />or Percy Island flying fox
|''Pteropus brunneus''<br />{{small|[[George Edward Dobson|Dobson]], 1878}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1870 {{IUCNlink|18718|1}}
|[[Percy Islands]] (Australia)
|
|-
|[[Large Palau flying fox]]
|''Pteropus pilosus''<br />{{small|[[Knud Andersen (mammalogist)|Andersen]], 1908}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1874 {{IUCNlink|18749|1}}
|[[Palau]]
|
|-
|[[Palaeopropithecus|Large sloth lemur]]
|''Palaeopropithecus ingens''<br />{{small|[[Guillaume Grandidier|Grandidier]], 1899}}
|[[Primates]]
|1620 {{IUCNlink|136532|1}}
|[[File:Palaeopropithecus range map.svg|130px]]<br />'''In green'''
|[[File:Palaeopropithecus ingens.jpg|130px]]
|-
|[[Aurochs]]
|''Bos primigenius''<br />{{small|[[Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus|Bojanus]], 1827}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1627 {{IUCNlink|136721|1}}
|[[File:Bos primigenius map.jpg|180px]]
|[[File:Aurochs_and_modern_lion_reconstruction_-_Greece_during_the_Roman_period.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Bluebuck]]
|''Hippotragus leucophaeus''<br />{{small|[[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1766}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1800 {{IUCNlink|10168|1}}
|[[File:LocationBluebuckRange.gif|180px]]
|[[File:The book of antelopes (1894) Hippotragus leucophaeus.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Red gazelle]] 
|''Eudorcas rufina''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1894}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|{{sort|1800|}} late 1800s {{IUCNlink|8974|1}}
|Algeria
|[[File:Eudorcas rufina.jpg|130px]]
|-
|[[Schomburgk's deer]]
|''Rucervus schomburgki''<br />{{small|[[Edward Blyth|Blyth]], 1863}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1932 {{IUCNlink|4288|1}}
|Thailand
|[[File:SchomburgksDeer-Berlin1911.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Queen of Sheba's gazelle]]<br />or Yemen gazelle
|''Gazella bilkis''<br />{{small|Grover and Lay, 1985}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1951 {{IUCNlink|8987|1}}
|Yemen
|
|-
|[[Madagascan dwarf hippopotamus]]
|''Hippopotamus lemerlei''<br />{{small|[[Alphonse Milne-Edwards|Milne-Edwards]], 1868}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{efn|Although, [[Radiocarbon dating|<sup>14</sup>C dating]] points their extinction at 1000 C. E., a 1991 study found they coexisted with humans and survived into the 1500s.<ref name=hippo>{{cite journal|first1=R. D. E.|last1=MacPhee|first2=David A.|last2=Burney|year=1991|title=Dating of modified femora of extinct dwarf ''Hippopotamus'' from Southern Madagascar: Implications for constraining human colonization and vertebrate extinction events|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science|volume=18|issue=6|pages=695–706|doi=10.1016/0305-4403(91)90030-S|doi-access=free|bibcode=1991JArSc..18..695M }}</ref>}} {{IUCNlink|40782|1}}
|Madagascar
|[[File:Malagasy Hippopotamus.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Falkland Islands wolf]] or warrah
|''Dusicyon australis''<br />{{small|[[Robert Kerr (writer)|Kerr]], 1792}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|1876 {{IUCNlink|6923|1}}
|[[Falkland Islands]]
|[[File:FalklandIslandFox2.jpg|150px]]
|-
| [[Dusicyon avus]] 
|''Dusicyon avus''<br />{{small|[[Hermann Burmeister|Burmeister]], 1866}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|{{sort|1500|}} early 1500s {{IUCNlink|82337482|1}}
|[[Argentina]], [[Chile]], [[Brazil]], [[Uruguay]], [[Paraguay]]
|
|-
|[[Sea mink]]
|''Neogale macrodon''<br />{{small|Prentiss, 1903}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|1894 {{IUCNlink|40784|1}}
|[[United States]] ([[Maine]], [[Massachusetts]]) and [[Canada]] ([[New Brunswick]], [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]])
| 
|-
|[[Japanese sea lion]]
|''Zalophus japonicus''<br />{{small|[[Wilhelm Peters|Peters]], 1866}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|data-sort-value="1975"|1970s {{IUCNlink|41667|1}}
|[[Japan]], [[Korea]], [[Russia]]
|[[File:Zalophus japonicus.JPG|180px]]
|-
|[[Caribbean monk seal]]
|''Neomonachus tropicalis''<br />{{small|[[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1850}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|1952 {{IUCNlink|13655|1}}
|[[Caribbean Sea]]
|[[File:Cms-newyorkzoologicalsociety1910.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Giant fossa]]
|''Cryptoprocta spelea''<br />{{small|[[Guillaume Grandidier|Grandidier]], 1902}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|{{sort|1658|}} before 1658 {{IUCNlink|136456|1}}
|[[File:Cryptoprocta subfossil range map.svg|130px]]
|[[File:Fossa de les cavernes.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Lord Howe long-eared bat]] 
|''Nyctophilus howensis''<br />{{small|[[John McKean (ornithologist)|McKean]], 1975}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|data-sort-value="1972"| prior to 1972 {{IUCNlink|15006|1}}
|[[Lord Howe Island]], Australia
|-
|[[Japanese otter]]
|''Lutra nippon''
<small>Imaizumi & Yoshiyuki, 1989</small>
|[[Carnivora]]
|1990s <ref name="mainichi20120828">{{cite web|date=August 28, 2012|title=Japanese river otter declared extinct|url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120828p2a00m0na016000c.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901105043/http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20120828p2a00m0na016000c.html|archive-date=September 1, 2012|access-date=August 28, 2012|work=Mainichi jp|publisher=The Mainichi Newspapers|location=Japan}}</ref>
|[[Japan]]
|[[File:Lutra nippon.jpg|180px]]
|}

==Extinct subspecies==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Common name!!Binomial name!!Species!!Order!!Date of extinction!!width=120pt|Former range!!Picture
|-
|[[Mississippi Valley wolf]]
|''Canis rufus gregoryi''<br />{{small|Goldman, 1937}}
|[[Red wolf]] (''Canis rufus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1980
|[[North America]]
|
|-
|[[Caucasian wisent]]
|'' Bison bonasus caucasicus''<br />{{small|Turkin and Satunin, 1904}} 
||[[European bison]] (''Bison bonasus'')
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1927 
|[[Europe]]
|[[File:CaucasianBison-Demidoff1898.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Carpathian wisent]]
|''Bison bonasus hungarorum''<br />{{small|Kretzoi, 1946}}
|[[European bison]] (''Bison bonasus'')
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1852 
|[[Europe]] 
|
|-
|[[Quagga]]
|''Equus quagga quagga''<br />{{small|Boddaert, 1785}}
|[[Plains zebra]] (''Equus quagga'')
|[[Perissodactyla]]
|1883 
|[[Africa]]
|[[File:Quagga_photo.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Japanese wolf]]
|''Canis lupus hodophilax''<br />{{small|Temminick 1839}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1905 
|[[Asia]]
|[[File:Japanese Wolf.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Hokkaido wolf]]
|''Canis lupus hattai''<br />{{small|Kishida, 1931}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1889 
|[[Asia]] 
|[[File:Yezo_wolf_at_Hokkaido_University.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Atlas bear]]
|''Ursus arctos crowtheri''<br />{{small|Schinz, 1844}}
|[[Brown bear]] (''Ursus arctos'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1890 
|Africa
|[[File:Atlasbear.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Bali tiger]]
|''Panthera tigris sondaica''<br />{{small|Shwarz,1912}}
|[[Tiger]] (''Panthera tigris'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1950s
|[[Asia]]
|[[File:Bali_tiger_zanveld.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Caspian tiger]]
|''Panthera tigris tigris''<br />{{small|Illiger, 1815}}
|[[Tiger]] (''Panthera tigris'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1970s
|[[Asia]]
|[[File:Panthera_tigris_virgata.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Javan tiger]]
|''Panthera tigris sondaica''<br />{{small|Temminick, 1844}}
|[[Tiger]] (''Panthera tigris'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1980s 
|[[Asia]]
|[[File:Panthera tigris sondaica 01.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Bubal hartebeest]]
|''Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus''<br />{{small|Pallas 1766}} 
|[[Hartebeest]] (''Alcephalus buselaphus'')
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1925
|[[Africa]]
|[[File:Bubalhartebeest-londonzoo.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Portuguese ibex]]
|''Capra pyrenaica lusitanica''<br />{{small|Schlegel, 1872}}
|[[Iberian ibex]] (''Capra pyrenaica'')
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1892
|[[Europe]] 
|[[File: Ilustração Portugueza, n 131, Lisboa, 24-8-1908 0017 Capra pyrenaica lusitanica.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Pyrenean ibex]]
|''Capra pyrenaica pyreneica''<br />{{small|Schinz, 1838}}
|[[Iberian ibex]] (''Capra pyrenaica'')
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|2000
|[[Europe]]
|[[File:Pyrenean Ibex.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Western black rhinoceros]]
|''Diceros bicornis longipes''<br />{{small|Zukowsky, 1999}}
|[[Black rhinoceros]] (''Diceros bicornis'')
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|2011
|[[Africa]]
|[[File:Diceros_bicornis_longipes.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Cape lion]]
|''Panthera leo melanochaita''<br />{{small|Smith, 1842}}
|[[Lion]] (''Panthera leo'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|mid 19th century 
|[[Africa]] 
|[[File:Cape_Lion.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Barbary lion]]
|''Panthera leo leo''<br />{{small|Linnaeus, 1758}}
|[[Lion]] (''Panthera leo'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1960s 
|[[Africa]]
|[[File:Barbary lion.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Southern Rocky Mountain wolf]]
|''Canis lupus nubilus''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1935
|[[North America]]
|[[File:Dogs,_jackals,_wolves,_and_foxes_(Plate_III)_C._l._youngi_mod.jpg |180px]]
|-
|[[Kenai Peninsula wolf]]
|''Canis lupus occidentalis''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1925
|[[North America]]
|[[File:The_Wolves_of_North_America_%281944%29_C._l._alces_%E2%99%82.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Banks Island wolf]]
|''Canis lupus arctos''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1952
|[[North America]]
|[[File:Dogs,_jackals,_wolves,_and_foxes_(Plate_III)_C._l._bernardi_mod.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Newfoundland wolf]]
|''Canis lupus nubilus''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1911
|[[North America]] 
|[[File:Stuffed Newfoundland wolf.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Florida black wolf]]
|''Canis rufus floridanus''<br />{{small|Miller, 1912}}
|[[Red wolf]] (''Canis rufus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1934
|[[North America]]
|[[File:FloridaBlackWolf.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Cascade Mountains wolf]]
|''Canis lupus nubilus''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1944
|North America 
|[[File:Dogs, jackals, wolves, and foxes (Plate IV) C. l. fuscus mod.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Mogollon mountain wolf]]
|''Canis lupus nubilus''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1970s
|[[North America]]
|[[File:The Wolves of North America (1944) C. l. mogollonensis ♂.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Texas wolf]]
|''Canis lupus nubilus''<br />{{small|Nowak, 1995}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|19th century
|[[North America]]
|[[File:Dogs,_jackals,_wolves,_and_foxes_(Plate_III)_C._l._monstrabilis_mod.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Sicilian wolf]]
|''Canis lupus cristaldii''<br />{{small|Angelici and Rossi, 2018}}
|[[Grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1924
|[[Europe]]
|[[File:Canis lupus cristaldii subsp. nov.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Mexican grizzly bear]]
|''Ursus arctos nelsoni''<br />{{small|Merriam, 1914}}
|[[Brown bear]] (''Ursus arctos'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1965
|[[North America]]
|[[File:Mexican grizzly bear.jpeg|180px]]
|-
|[[California grizzly bear]]
|''Ursus arctos californicus''<br />{{small|Merriam, 1896}}
|[[Brown bear]] (''Ursus arctos'')
|[[Carnivora]]
|1924
|[[North America]] 
|[[File: Ursus arctos californicus, Santa Barbara, Natural History Museum.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Tarpan]]
|''Equus ferus ferus''<br />{{small|Boddaert, 1785}}
|[[Wild horse]] (''Equus ferus'')
|[[Perissodactyla]]
|1909
|[[Europe]]
|[[File:Kherson tarpan.jpg|180px]]
|}

==Extinct in the [[Wildlife|wild]]==
{{See also|Extinct in the wild}}

A species that is extinct in the wild is one which has been [[Conservation status|categorized]] by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN) as only known by living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range due to massive [[habitat loss]]. A species is declared extinct in the wild after thorough surveys have inspected its historic range and failed to find evidence of a surviving individual.<ref name=iucn2012>{{cite book|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlist_cats_crit_en.pdf|title=IUCN Redlist Categories and Criteria|year=2012|publisher= IUCN Species Survival Commission|edition=2nd|isbn=978-2-8317-1435-6|location=Gland, Switzerland}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Common name!!Binomial name!!Order!!Date of extinction!!Former range!!Picture
|-
|[[Père David's deer]]
|''Elaphurus davidianus''<br />{{small|[[Alphonse Milne-Edwards|Milne-Edwards]], 1866}}
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1939 {{IUCNlink|7121|1}}
|China
|[[File:Pere David Deer - Woburn Deer Park (5115883164).jpg|180px]]
|}

==Possibly extinct==
{{See also|Possibly extinct}}

Extinction of taxa is difficult to detect, as a long gap without a sighting is not definitive. Some mammals declared as extinct may very well [[Lazarus taxon#Mammals|reappear]].<ref name=fisher/> For example, a study found that 36% of purported mammalian extinction had been resolved, while the rest either had validity issues (insufficient evidence) or had been rediscovered.<ref name=macphee/> As of December 2015, the IUCN listed 30 mammalian species as "critically endangered (possibly extinct)".<ref name=IUCNDATA/>

{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Common name!!Binomial name!!Order!!Last confirmed sighting!!Range!!Picture
|-
|[[Kouprey]]<br />or forest ox
|''Bos sauveli<br />{{small|[[Achille Urbain|Urbain]], 1937}}''
|[[Artiodactyla]]
|1988 {{IUCNlink|2890|1}}
|[[File:Bos sauveli distribution.svg|180px]]
|

|-
|[[Garrido's hutia]]
|''[[Capromys garridoi]]''<br />{{small|Varona, 1970}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1989 {{IUCNlink|14254|1}}{{dead link|date=July 2018}}
|[[Canarreos Archipelago|Cayo Maja]], [[Cuba]]
|
|-
|[[Christmas Island shrew]]
|''Crocidura trichura''<br />{{small|[[George Edward Dobson|Dobson]], 1889}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|1985 {{IUCNlink|136379|1}}
|[[File:Christmas Island Shrew area.png|180px]]
|
|-
|[[Wimmer's shrew]]
|''Crocidura wimmeri''<br />{{small|[[Henri Heim de Balsac|de Balsac]] and [[Villy Aellen|Aellen]], 1958}}
|[[Eulipotyphla]]
|1976 {{IUCNlink|5587|1}}
|[[File:Wimmer's Shrew area.png|130px]]
|
|-
|[[Baiji]]<br />or Yangtze river dolphin
|''Lipotes vexillifer''<br />{{small|[[Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.|Miller]], 1918}}
|[[Artiodactyl|Artiodactyla]]
|2002 {{efn|The species may be [[functionally extinct]].<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Samuel T.|last1=Turvey|first2=Robert L.|last2=Pitman|first3= Barbara L.|last3=Taylor |first4=Jay|last4=Barlow|first5=Tomonari|last5=Akamatsu|first6=Leigh A.|last6=Barrett|first7=Xiujiang|last7=Zhao|first8=Randall R.|last8=Reeves|first9=Brent S.|last9=Stewart|last10=Kexiong|first10= Wang|last11=Zhuo|first11=Wei |first12=Xianfeng|last12=Zhang|first13=L. T.|last13=Pusser|first14=Michael|last14=Richlen|first15=John R.|last15=Brandon|first16=Ding|last16=Wang|year=2007|title=First human-caused extinction of a cetacean species?|journal=Biology Letters|volume=3|issue=5|doi=10.1098/rsbl.2007.0292|pages=537–540|pmid=17686754|pmc=2391192}}</ref>}} {{IUCNlink|12119|1}}
|[[File:Cetacea range map Chinese River Dolphin.PNG|150px]]
|[[File:Lipotes vexillifer.png|180px]]
|-
|[[Zuniga's dark rice rat]]
|''Melanomys zunigae''<br />{{small|[[Colin Campbell Sanborn|Sanborn]]}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1949 {{IUCNlink|13048|1}}
|[[Peru]]
|
|-
|[[Dwarf hutia]]
|''Mesocapromys nanus''<br />{{small|[[Glover Morrill Allen|Allen]], 1917}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1937 {{IUCNlink|13217|1}}
|[[Zapata Swamp|Ciénaga de Zapata]],<br />Cuba
|
|-
|[[San Felipe hutia]]<br />or little earth hutia
|''Mesocapromys sanfelipensis''<br />{{small|Varona & Garrido, 1970}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1978 {{IUCNlink|13218|1}}
|Cuba
|
|-
|[[One-striped opossum]] 
|''Monodelphis unistriata''<br />{{small|[[Johann Andreas Wagner|Wagner]], 1842}}
|[[Didelphimorphia]]
|1899 {{IUCNlink|13703|1}}
|[[File:Single-striped Opossum area.png|130px]]
|
|-
|[[Gloomy tube-nosed bat]] 
|''Murina tenebrosa''<br />{{small|[[Yoshiyuki Sakaki|Yoshiyuki]], 1970}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1962 {{IUCNlink|13948|1}}
|[[Tsushima Island]] and possibly [[Yaku Island]],<br />Japan
|
|-
|[[New Zealand greater short-tailed bat]] 
|''Mystacina robusta''<br />{{small|[[Peter Dwyer|Dwyer]], 1962}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1967 {{IUCNlink|14260|1}}
|[[Taukihepa / Big South Cape Island]], [[New Zealand]]
|[[File:Mystacina robusta specimen from Auckland Museum.jpg|180px]]
|-
|[[Ethiopian amphibious rat]]<br />or Ethiopian water mouse
|''Nilopegamys plumbeus''<br />{{small|[[Wilfred Hudson Osgood|Osgood]], 1928}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1920s {{IUCNlink|40766|1}}
|Mouth of the [[Lesser Abay River]],<br />Ethiopia
|
|-
|[[Angel Island mouse]] 
|''Peromyscus guardia''<br />{{small|[[John Kirk Townsend|Townsend]], 1912}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1991 {{IUCNlink|16664|1}}
|[[Isla Ángel de la Guarda]],<br />Mexico
|
|-
|[[Puebla deer mouse]] 
|''Peromyscus mekisturus''<br />{{small|[[Clinton Hart Merriam|Merriam]], 1898}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1950s {{IUCNlink|16675|1}}
|[[Ciudad Serdan]] and [[Tehuacán]],<br />Mexico
|
|-
|[[Telefomin cuscus]] 
|''Phalanger matanim''<br />{{small|[[Tim Flannery|Flannery]], 1987}}
|[[Diprotodontia]]
|1997 {{IUCNlink|16851|1}}
|[[File:Telefomin Cuscus area.png|180px]]
|
|-
|[[Montane monkey-faced bat]] 
|''Pteralopex pulchra''<br />{{small|[[Tim Flannery|Flannery]], 1991}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1990s {{IUCNlink|18658|1}}
|[[File:Montane Monkey-faced Bat area.png|130px]]
|
|-
|[[Aru flying fox]] 
|''Pteropus aruensis''<br />{{small|[[Wilhelm Peters|Peter]], 1867}}
|[[Chiroptera]]
|1877 {{IUCNlink|136504|1}}
|[[File:Aru Flying Fox area.png|180px]]
|
|-
|[[Emma's giant rat]] 
|''Uromys emmae''<br />{{small|Groves and [[Tim Flannery|Flannery]], 1994}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1990s {{IUCNlink|136470|1}}
|[[Papua Province]],<br />Indonesia
|
|-
|[[Emperor rat]]
|''Uromys imperator''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1888}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1888 {{IUCNlink|22803|1}}
|[[Guadalcanal]],<br />Solomon Islands
| 
|-
|[[Guadalcanal rat]] 
|''Uromys porculus''<br />{{small|[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1904}}
|[[Rodentia]]
|1888 {{IUCNlink|22805|1}}
|Guadalcanal,<br />Solomon Islands
|
|-
|[[Malabar large-spotted civet]]<br />or Malabar civet
|''Viverra civettina''<br />{{small|[[Edward Blyth|Blyth]], 1862}}
|[[Carnivora]]
|late 1900s {{efn|The last confirmed sighting is unknown and their range in the wild is unconfirmed. [[Camera trap]]s in [[Karnataka]], their presumed habitat, found no individuals after 1,084 nights in 2006.<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Rao|first1=S.|last2=Ashraf|first2=N. V. K.|last3=Nixon|first3=A. M. A.|year=2007|title=Search for the Malabar Civet ''Viverra civettina'' in Karnataka and Kerala, India, 2006–2007|journal=Small Carnivore Conservation|volume=37| pages=6–10}}</ref>}} {{IUCNlink|23036|1}}
|[[File:Malabar Large-spotted Civet area.png|150px]]
|
|}

==See also==
* [[Holocene extinction]]
* [[List of extinct animals]]
* [[List of extinct birds]]
* [[Lists of mammals by population]]

==Notes==
{{notelist|50em}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mammals}}
{{Mammal lists}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List of Extinct Mammals}}
[[Category:IUCN Red List extinct species|*Mammals]]
[[Category:Lists of extinct animals|M]]
[[Category:Extinct mammals|*]]
[[Category:Lists of mammals|recently extinct]]