Editing Lytham St Annes

{{Short description|Town in Lancashire, England}}
{{Redirect|St. Annes|other uses|Saint Anne (disambiguation)}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox UK place
| static_image_name = Clifton Street - geograph.org.uk - 1300578.jpg
| static_image_caption = Clifton Street, Lytham (2009)
| country = England
| coordinates = {{coord|53.752|-3.030|type:city(50000)_region:GB|display=inline,title}}
| official_name = Lytham St Annes
| map_type = Lancashire
|population_ref           = {{nowrap|42,695 (Built up area, 2021)<ref name="census2021">{{cite web |title=Towns and cities, characteristics of built-up areas, England and Wales: Census 2021 |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/townsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales/census2021 |website=Census 2021 |publisher=Office for National Statistics |access-date=8 August 2023 |archive-date=21 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121221510/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/townsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales/census2021 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
| shire_district = [[Borough of Fylde|Fylde]]
| shire_county = [[Lancashire]]
| region = North West England
| constituency_westminster = [[Fylde (UK Parliament constituency)|Fylde]]
| post_town = LYTHAM ST. ANNES<!-- Royal Mail spells the official post town name with a full stop and no apostrophe -->
| postcode_district = FY8
| postcode_area = FY
| dial_code = 01253
| os_grid_reference = SD322289
| pushpin_map = United Kingdom Borough of Fylde#United Kingdom The Fylde
| pushpin_map_caption = Shown within Fylde Borough##Shown within the Fylde
}}
'''Lytham St Annes''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ɪ|ð|əm|_|s|ən|t|_|ˈ|æ|n|z}})<ref>G.M. Miller, ''BBC Pronouncing Dictionary of British Names'' (London: Oxford University Press, 1971), p. 93.</ref> is a [[seaside town]] in the [[Borough of Fylde]] in [[Lancashire]], England. It is on the [[The Fylde|Fylde coast]], directly south of [[Blackpool]] on the [[Ribble Estuary]]. The population of the built-up area at the [[2021 United Kingdom census|2021 census]] was 42,695.<ref name="census2021" /> The town is made up of the four areas of Lytham, Ansdell, Fairhaven and St Annes-on-the-Sea.

Lytham is the older settlement, and the parish of Lytham used to cover the whole area. St Annes was founded as a new seaside resort in the 1870s on open land at the western end of the parish. From 1878 the two towns were administered separately (with Fairhaven and Ansdell being part of Lytham). They were reunited in 1922 under the compound name "Lytham St Annes". A [[civil parish]] called "Saint Anne's on the Sea" was created in 2005 just covering the western part of the built-up area.

Lytham St Annes has four [[golf course]]s and [[links (golf)|links]], the most notable being the [[Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club]], which regularly hosts the [[The Open Championship|Open Championship]].

Lytham St Annes is a reasonably affluent area with residents' earnings among the highest in the North of England.<ref>[http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/office_of_the_chief_executive/lancashireprofile/main/grossincome_2006.asp Average Gross Household Income by Wards 2006].  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601004404/http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/office_of_the_chief_executive/lancashireprofile/main/grossincome_2006.asp |date=1 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/sep/06/comment.comment|work=The Guardian|location=London|title=Around the culs-de-sac|first=David|last=McKie|date=6 September 2007|access-date=12 May 2010|archive-date=10 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810202819/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/sep/06/comment.comment|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.lancashire.gov.uk/corporate/atoz/toptasks/index.asp?catID=16308 |title=Home – Lancashire County Council |website=Lancashire.gov.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=25 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225070708/http://www3.lancashire.gov.uk/corporate/atoz/toptasks/index.asp?catID=16308 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Towns and districts==
Lytham St Annes consists of four main areas: Lytham, Saint Annes-on-the-Sea, Ansdell and Fairhaven.

=== Lytham ===
The name Lytham comes from the Old English ''hlithum,'' plural of ''hlith'' meaning '''(place at) the slopes'.''<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Everett-Heath|first=John|title=The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-175139-4|edition=Third|location=Oxford|chapter=Lytham St Anne's|oclc=881848068}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Mills|first=Anthony|title=A Dictionary of British Place-Names|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2003|isbn=0-19-852758-6|location=Oxford|chapter=Lytham St Anne's|oclc=59290127}}</ref>

The Green, a strip of grass running between the shore and the main coastal road, is a notable Lytham landmark—the restored [[Lytham Windmill|Windmill]] and [[Lytham Lifeboat Station|Old Lifeboat House Museum]] are here.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greatbritishlife.co.uk/people/the-lifeboat-museum-reopens-in-lytham-6988584|title=The Lifeboat Museum reopens in Lytham|date=1 June 2016|newspaper=Lancashire Life|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208095947/https://www.greatbritishlife.co.uk/people/the-lifeboat-museum-reopens-in-lytham-6988584|url-status=live}}</ref> The Green overlooks the estuary of the [[River Ribble]] and the Welsh mountains. The centre of Lytham contains many notable buildings, such as the former Lytham public library, [[Lytham railway station]], market hall, the Clifton Arms Hotel and Lytham Methodist Church.<ref name=methodist>{{cite web|url=https://www.explorechurches.org/church/lytham-methodist-church-lytham-st-annes|title=Lytham Methodist Church|publisher=Explore Methodist Churches|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208101213/https://www.explorechurches.org/church/lytham-methodist-church-lytham-st-annes|url-status=live}}</ref>

Until the middle of the 20th century, the Clifton family was the leading family in Lytham and two of the town's main thoroughfares are named in their honour, with the main shopping street being named Clifton Street and one of two roads to Blackpool being Clifton Drive. Their estate on the outskirts of Lytham and Ansdell originally occupied a large area. [[Lytham Hall]], the family seat, remained in the family's ownership until 1963, after which time it was passed on to Guardian Royal Exchange Insurance, and then to Lytham Town Trust in 1997. The grounds of the Hall are open during the week and on Sunday and events are organised, such as open-air plays and car shows. Several of the ornate gates to the estate and much of the distinctive pebble-bricked boundary wall survive. The [[parish church]] for Lytham is [[St Cuthbert's Church, Lytham|St Cuthbert's Church]], on Church Road.<ref>{{NHLE |num= 1196361|desc= Church of St Cuthbert|access-date= 6 April 2015|mode=cs2}}</ref>

Lytham is the location of the Foulnaze cockle fishery. The fishery has only opened the cockle beds on the Lancashire coast three times in twenty years, most recently in August 2013.<ref>{{cite news|title=Eyewitness: Lytham, Lancashire|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/picture/2013/aug/13/eyewitness-lytham-lancashire|access-date=14 August 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|date=13 August 2013|author=Christopher Thomond|format=Image upload|archive-date=4 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304203853/http://www.theguardian.com/world/picture/2013/aug/13/eyewitness-lytham-lancashire|url-status=live}}</ref>

Lytham Library closed in September 2016 as part of [[Lancashire County Council]] budget cuts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackpoolgazette.co.uk/news/final-chapter-for-lytham-and-freckleton-libraries-1-8152590|title=Final chapter for Lytham and Freckleton libraries|date=29 September 2016|access-date=23 October 2016|archive-date=23 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023200240/http://www.blackpoolgazette.co.uk/news/final-chapter-for-lytham-and-freckleton-libraries-1-8152590|url-status=live}}</ref>

===St Annes===
[[File:St annes.jpg|thumb|St Annes Square, 2006]]
St Annes-on-the-Sea (also known as St Annes-on-Sea or St Annes) was a 19th-century planned town. [[St Anne's Church, St Anne's-on-the-Sea|St Anne's Church]] was built as a [[chapel of ease]] in 1873, in which year [[St Annes-on-the-Sea railway station]] also opened. An official founding ceremony for the town was held on 31 March 1875, when the cornerstone of the St Anne's Hotel was laid.<ref>{{cite news |title=St. Anne's-on-the-Sea: Laying the foundation stone |url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search-newspapers |access-date=9 October 2023 |work=Blackpool Herald |date=2 April 1875 |page=3 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922095439/https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search-newspapers |url-status=live }}</ref> The town was developed from 1875 after Thomas Fair, agent to the Clifton Estate, sold leases to the [[St Anne's on the Sea Land and Building Company]]. Plans for the town were laid out by the Bury firm of architects [[Maxwell and Tuke]] who later went on to construct [[Blackpool Tower]].<ref name="Shakeshaft">P.Shakeshaft, ''St Anne's on the Sea: A History'', (Carnegie: Lancaster,2008), 141–164</ref> There was an open-air seawater swimming pool from 1916 until the mid-1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Open-air baths, St Annes on Sea |url=https://redrosecollections.lancashire.gov.uk/view-item?i=231444 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=Red Rose Collections from Lancashire County Council |language=en-GB |archive-date=26 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826035413/https://redrosecollections.lancashire.gov.uk/view-item?i=231444 |url-status=live }}</ref>

St Annes is the original home of [[Premium Bonds]] and their prize-selecting computer ''[[ERNIE]]'', which were on a site between Shepherd Road and Heyhouses Lane. Premium Bonds operated from there for more than 40 years before moving to [[Blackpool]]. The shopping area declined towards the end of the 20th century and was redeveloped in an attempt to attract more retailers and shoppers. As part of this project, a restaurant quarter was established, centred around Wood Street. The work included a £2m restoration of Ashton Gardens, a park near the town centre, in 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=18 March 2009 |title=St Annes Carnival cancelled this year |url=http://www.lythamstannesexpress.co.uk/news/local/st-annes-carnival-cancelled-this-year-1-812756 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310161220/http://www.lythamstannesexpress.co.uk/news/local/st-annes-carnival-cancelled-this-year-1-812756 |archive-date=10 March 2016 |website=Lytham St Annes Express |via=Internet Archive}}</ref>

{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 
| image1 = George Formby - Blue Plaque, Inner Promenade, Lytham St Annes.jpg
| caption1 = [[Blue plaque]] at [[George Formby]]'s house "Beryldene", Inner Promenade
| image2 = George Formby's house - Geograph 3380229.jpg
| caption2 = George Formby's house 
| footer_background = 
| footer_align = left|thumb|thumb
}}The beach to the north of [[St Anne's Pier]] was an internationally renowned [[Land yacht|sand yachting]] venue for many years, but this activity has been suspended since 2002 when a visitor to the beach died after being hit by a sand yacht. St Annes Beach hosts a number of [[kite flying]] events each year. In 2006 kite enthusiasts raised concerns about the future of these activities following a decision by Fylde Borough Council in 2006 to ban the flying of kites with two or more lines anywhere in the Fylde. Following representations from kite-fliers and completion of a risk assessment, the council rescinded the ban on condition that kite fliers remain at least 50m from the [[sand dune]]s.

A memorial statue of a lifeboatman looking out to sea was placed on the promenade at St Anne's after the [[Southport and St Anne's lifeboats disaster|Mexico Disaster]] of 1886. The original lifeboat station was established in 1881<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rnli.org.uk/rnli_near_you/north/stations/LythamStAnnesLancashire/history |title=Lytham St Annes History |access-date=5 April 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925035324/http://www.rnli.org.uk/rnli_near_you/north/stations/LythamStAnnesLancashire/history |archive-date=25 September 2006  }}</ref> but closed in 1925 due to silting of the channel (a secondary channel of the [[River Ribble|Ribble]] that ran past the pier). A lifeboat continued to operate from Lytham, but the main channel of the river also became silted up, so the lifeboat was moved to a new all-weather [[RNLI]] base a few hundred yards south of St Annes pier which opened in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legendol.freeserve.co.uk/lythrnli.html |title=Rnli Lytham St Annes Station |access-date=5 April 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205080621/http://www.legendol.freeserve.co.uk/lythrnli.html |archive-date=5 February 2007  }}</ref> [[St Annes-on-the-Sea Carnegie Library]] is just outside the town centre in an Edwardian, [[Andrew Carnegie|Carnegie]]-funded building.<ref>Urban District of St Anne's on the Sea, Proceedings of the Urban District Council 1903–04, St Anne's on the Sea, pp. 91–92</ref>

[[File:St Annes on the Sea rail station, 2009.jpg|thumb|right|St Annes railway station]]
[[File:St Annes on Sea town flag.svg|thumb|Flag since 2012]]
There is some confusion, even among residents of the town, about whether the correct name is "St Annes" or "St Anne's". The apostrophe has been dropped from the name by many residents and has long been absent in many formal uses, such as the ''[[Lytham St Annes Express]]'' newspaper,<ref name="LSA001">{{cite web|title=Lytham St Annes Express|publisher=[[Blackpool Gazette]]|url=http://www.lythamstannesexpress.co.uk/|access-date=23 September 2007|archive-date=18 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018033731/http://www.lythamstannesexpress.co.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref> St Annes Parish Church,<ref name="SAPC001">{{cite web|title=St Annes Parish Church, St Annes|publisher=St Annes Parish Church|url=http://www.stannesparishchurch.org/|access-date=23 September 2007|archive-date=28 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928152814/http://www.stannesparishchurch.org/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Lytham St Annes High School]], although the spelling St. Anne's is still sometimes used.<ref name="LSAHTC001">{{cite web|title=Lytham St. Annes High Technology College|publisher=[[Lytham St. Annes High Technology College]]|url=http://www.lythamhigh.lancs.sch.uk/home.htm|access-date=23 September 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929161145/http://www.lythamhigh.lancs.sch.uk/home.htm|archive-date=29 September 2007}}</ref> The area takes its name from St Annes Parish Church.<ref name=":0" />

In October 2008, a bronze statue by sculptor [[Graham Ibbeson]] of comedian [[Les Dawson]], who lived in the town, was unveiled by Dawson's widow and daughter in the ornamental gardens next to St Annes Pier.<ref name="BBC7685723">{{cite news|title=Dawson statue unveiled by family|work=[[bbc.co.uk]]|date=23 October 2008|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/lancashire/7685723.stm|access-date=13 November 2008|archive-date=9 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109031512/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/lancashire/7685723.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Entertainer [[George Formby]] also lived in the town,<ref name="memories7">{{cite news|url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/memories/memories7.htm|title=Gerry George's Memories|last=George|first=Gerry|publisher=whirligig-tv|access-date=28 December 2008|archive-date=5 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705102806/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/memories/memories7.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and there is a plaque outside the house where he lived from 1953 until his death in 1961.<ref name=bbcformby>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-19286496|title=George Formby's last house at St Annes gets blue plaque|date=17 August 2012|publisher=BBC|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208101611/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-19286496|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Ansdell===
Ansdell is a small district between Lytham and St Annes, on the landward side of the railway line. It has its [[Ansdell & Fairhaven railway station|own railway station (shared with Fairhaven)]], the Ansdell Institute club and a public library. It is named for [[Richard Ansdell]] (1815–1885), an artist who lived in the area and painted numerous oils depicting hunting scenes. Ansdell enjoys the distinction of being the only place in England to be named after an artist.<ref>'Treasures to be put on display at gallery', ''Blackpool Gazette'', 28 December 2006</ref>

Ansdell hosts the largest school in Lancashire, [[Lytham St Annes High School]], with around 1,500 students.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lytham St Annes High School |url=https://get-information-schools.service.gov.uk/Establishments/Establishment/Details/119740 |access-date=2022-03-28 |website=get-information-schools.service.gov.uk |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328173226/https://get-information-schools.service.gov.uk/Establishments/Establishment/Details/119740 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ansdell also encompasses the southern end of [[Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club]]. Ansdell is also the home of [[Fylde Rugby Club]] (FRC), established in May 1920, later to be closed during the war effort, and re-opened in 1946. FRC has reared many eminent players, notably [[Malcolm Phillips]] (a former President of the club) and [[Bill Beaumont]].<ref name=beaumont>{{cite news|url=https://www.blackpoolgazette.co.uk/sport/other-sport/sir-bill-beaumont-is-back-to-lead-team-focusing-on-future-of-fylde-rfc-3018034|title=Sir Bill Beaumont is back to lead team focusing on future of Fylde RFC|date=28 October 2020|newspaper=Blackpool Gazette|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208095406/https://www.blackpoolgazette.co.uk/sport/other-sport/sir-bill-beaumont-is-back-to-lead-team-focusing-on-future-of-fylde-rfc-3018034|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Fairhaven===
{{Location map+|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes
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   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.737|long=-2.960|label='''Lytham'''|marksize=12|label_size=100|position=top}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.751|long=-3.033|label='''St Annes'''|marksize=12|label_size=100|position=top}}
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}}Fairhaven is the district between Lytham and St Annes on the coastal side of the railway. It has been suggested it is named after Thomas Fair, the [[land agent]] for the Clifton estate. It is believed by other researchers that Thomas Riley named his Master Plan for Fairhaven after the Bible passage Acts 27 verse 8 referring to [[Acts of the Apostles|Paul's journey to Rome]]; many of the road names are connected to Paul and his journey.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

Its main claim to fame is an artificial lake, known as Fairhaven Lake. In 1923 the new borough of Lytham St Annes was formed and subsequently purchased the lake with money quietly donated by Lord Ashton. In recognition of this, after extensive landscaping designed by T H Mawson, the lake was formally re-opened in 1926 and named Ashton Marine Park. After continuing confusion with Ashton Park in St Annes, in 1974 the name reverted to Fairhaven Lake. It is an important wildfowl habitat.

Its other famous landmark is the Fairhaven [[United Reformed Church]], which is of unusual design, being built in [[Byzantine]] style and faced with glazed white tiles, and commonly known as the White Church. Fairhaven contains the former [[King Edward VII and Queen Mary School]], which has now merged with [[Arnold School]] of Blackpool to become [[AKS Lytham]].

The sands and tidal mudflats of the area (the mouth of the [[River Ribble]]) are an important feeding area for wintering [[wader]]s. The [[RSPB]] operate a visitor centre from Fairhaven Lake to provide information and guided walks.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=January 2006 |title=The Ribble estuary |url=http://www.rspb.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/projects/ribble/doing.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184836/http://www.rspb.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/projects/ribble/doing.asp |archive-date=30 September 2007 |website=The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> The lake has been flooded by the sea in the distant past but is now protected by a substantial sea defence wall.

Fairhaven occupies an area of former sand dunes previously known as Starr Hills, which extended as far as St Annes town centre along the southern side of the railway. The name Starr Hills is still used for a residential home named after the eponymous residence constructed in the 1860s for Richard Ansdell, which was transformed into a hospital during [[World War I]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://amounderness.co.uk/lytham_&_fairhaven_-_tourist_info.html |title=Lytham & St.Annes on the Sea Lancashire, News, Weather, Hotels, Guest Houses, Transport & Local History Resources – Lytham & Fairhaven – Tourist Info |access-date=17 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303145652/http://www.amounderness.co.uk/lytham_%26_fairhaven_-_tourist_info.html |archive-date=3 March 2012  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://amounderness.co.uk/starr_hills_hospital,_ansdell,_1916.html |title=Lytham & St.Annes on the Sea Lancashire – Local History – Starr Hills Hospital, Ansdell, 1916 |website=Amounderness.co.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=2 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402121855/http://www.amounderness.co.uk/starr_hills_hospital,_ansdell,_1916.html |url-status=live }}</ref> before assuming its present use. The Fairhaven Estate was first laid out in 1892.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://amounderness.co.uk/fairhaven_estate.html |title=Lytham & St.Annes on the Sea Lancashire – Local History – Fairhaven Estate |website=Amounderness.co.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=26 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426055809/http://amounderness.co.uk/fairhaven_estate.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Beginning in 1895, the estate was divided into parcels of land which could be purchased or leased for residential development.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://amounderness.co.uk/fairhaven_estate_company_1895.html |title=Lytham & St.Annes on the Sea Lancashire – Local History – Fairhaven Estate Company 1895 |website=Amounderness.co.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307143358/http://www.amounderness.co.uk/fairhaven_estate_company_1895.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Lytham Hall.jpg|thumb|[[Lytham Hall]]]]
The area is known to have been populated during the [[Bronze Age]], and scattered hamlets have existed there ever since, including a village called Kilgrimol or Kilgrimhow, which is believed to have been founded in around 900 AD by [[Vikings]] expelled from Dublin.<ref name="lytham-online.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.lytham-online.co.uk/brief_history_of_lytham.html |title=Lytham & St.Annes on the Sea Lancashire, News, Weather, Hotels, Guest Houses, Transport & Local History – Brief History of Lytham |access-date=23 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227122736/http://www.lytham-online.co.uk/brief_history_of_lytham.html |archive-date=27 February 2009  }}</ref><ref>Lancastriensis, ''Notes and Queries'', 2nd ser. vol. 7, January–June 1859, p. 56</ref> The area including [[the Fylde]] was known in [[Anglo-Saxon]] and [[medieval]] times as [[Amounderness]]. Lytham is mentioned in the [[Domesday Book]] as Lidun.<ref name=":1" /> In 1199 Richard Fitzroger gave his Lytham estates (then known as Lethun) to the [[Benedictine]] monks of [[Durham, England|Durham]]. The monks established a [[priory]] (although it was really too small to be called that as it comprised three or four monks only) on the site of the present Lytham Hall. The priory existed until 1539; in 1540 the monastery at [[Durham, England|Durham]] was dissolved and the Crown became Lord of the Manor.<ref name="lytham-online.co.uk"/>

The manor of Lytham passed through several owners until in 1606 it was sold to Cuthbert Clifton for £4,300.<ref>Henry Fishwick, ''The History of the Parish of Lytham in the County of Lancaster'', Chetham Society New Series 60 (1907), p. 18</ref> Clifton enlarged the manor house and made it the family seat. The house was replaced in 1757 with the present [[Lytham Hall]], designed by architect [[John Carr (architect)|John Carr]] of [[York]].<ref name="lytham-online.co.uk"/> At this time St Annes did not exist, but Lytham was large enough to be called a town, with its own promenade and a reputation as a resort.<ref>Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire 1993, p. 162.</ref>

Northwards along the coast from Lytham, within the Clifton estates, were mostly sand dunes. The only habitations were the tiny hamlet of Heyhouses and the rural Trawl Boat Inn (a name resurrected in recent times for a [[Public House|public house]] in Wood Street in St Annes, opened by [[Wetherspoons]]). In 1873 the Cliftons built a [[Chapel of Ease]] dedicated to St Anne in this area, to encourage better religious observance, as most inhabitants found the long journey to St Cuthbert's in Lytham too onerous. This became the parish church of St. Anne's. At the time it was built the church had no tower. On 14 October 1874 the St Anne's-on-the-Sea Land and Building Company Ltd was registered, mainly at the instigation of Elijah Hargreaves, a wealthy Lancashire mill owner from [[Rawtenstall]] whose intention was to develop the area as a resort. The land of St Annes was leased from the Clifton estate for 999 years, although the lease still gave the Cliftons the right to kill [[Game (food)|game]] on the land for this period. Building rapidly commenced with the St Anne's Hotel (built in 1875, since demolished), the Hydro Terrace, which later became St Annes Square, and the railway station being among the first buildings. A separate company was formed to finance the construction of the [[pier]], which was opened on 15 June 1885. At that time the main channel of the [[River Ribble]] ran by the end of the pier, and boats would bring people in from Lytham and [[Southport]]. The Ribble Navigation Act of 1883, which came into force in 1889, was intended to stabilise the often silted River Ribble to allow a steady trade into [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]] [[Dock (maritime)|docks]]. However, this work moved the main channel much further out and left St Annes Pier on flat sandbanks, where no ships could dock. In June 1910 the Floral Hall was opened at the end of the pier. It was a popular attraction and stars including [[Gracie Fields]], [[Leslie Henson]] and [[Claude Hulbert]] performed there. Lytham and St Annes were consolidated in 1922.<ref name=":0" /> In 1974 a major fire seriously damaged the hall. It was restored to some extent, it ended up being used as a skatepark (skateboards) before another fire in July 1982 destroyed it. About half the pier was then demolished to make the beach safe to use.<ref>Harrison (1971)</ref>

The Lytham St Annes Civic Society operates a local [[blue plaque]] scheme.<ref>{{cite web|title=Blue Plaques|url=http://www.lsacivic.org/215-2/|work=Lytham St Annes Civic Society|access-date=10 August 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120703/http://www.lsacivic.org/215-2/|archive-date=26 August 2014}}</ref> These commemorate historic buildings and residents, including [[John Alcock (aviator)|Sir John Alcock]] and [[George Formby]].<ref name=bbcformby/>

The [[List of Olympic torch relays|2012 Olympic torch relay]] passed through St Annes, Fairhaven and then Lytham before continuing onto nearby [[Warton, Fylde|Warton]] and Freckleton.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/9348058.olympic-torch-relay-route-lancashire-revealed/|title=Olympic torch relay route through Lancashire revealed|date=7 November 2011|newspaper=Lancashire Telegraph|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208102125/https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/9348058.olympic-torch-relay-route-lancashire-revealed/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Governance==
[[File:St Anne's Town Hall, Lancashire - geograph.org.uk - 1610641.jpg|thumb|[[Lytham St Annes Town Hall]] on the South Promenade, a former hotel which became the town hall in 1922]]
[[File:Public Office 1900 - geograph.org.uk - 832752.jpg|thumb|left|[[St Anne's Public Offices]], the town hall until 1922]]
There are two tiers of local government covering all of Lytham St Annes, at district and county level: [[Fylde Borough Council]] and [[Lancashire County Council]]. Fylde Borough Council has its headquarters at [[Lytham St Annes Town Hall]] on South Promenade in St Annes.

St Annes has a third tier of local government, a [[civil parish]] formally called Saint Anne's on the Sea, which covers the western part of Lytham St Annes the built-up area.  The parish council has elected to style itself St Anne's on the Sea Town Council. The town council is based at West Lodge in Ashton Gardens on St George's Road.<ref>{{cite web |title=Contact us |url=https://www.stannesonthesea-tc.gov.uk/contact-us/ |website=St. Anne's on the Sea Town Council |access-date=9 October 2023 |archive-date=5 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205142049/https://www.stannesonthesea-tc.gov.uk/contact-us/ |url-status=live }}</ref>  The remainder of Lytham St Annes is an [[unparished area]].

=== History of local government ===

Lytham had anciently been a [[chapelry]] in the parish of [[Kirkham, Lancashire|Kirkham]], but became a separate parish in the [[Middle Ages]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Youngs |first1=Frederic |title=Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England: Volume 2 |date=1991 |publisher=Royal Historical Society |location=London |isbn=0861931270 |page=183}}</ref>  The ancient parish covered most of the area of the modern Lytham St Annes. [[Improvement commissioners]] were established in 1847 to govern the eastern part of the parish, including the settlement of Lytham itself.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lytham Improvement Act 1847 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Vict/10-11/251/contents/enacted |website=legislation.gov.uk |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=9 October 2023 |archive-date=1 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901112114/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Vict/10-11/251/contents/enacted |url-status=live }}</ref> The ancient parish of Lytham became a civil parish in 1866, but in 1878 St Annes was made a [[Local board of health]] district, called "Saint Anne's-on-the-Sea".<ref>{{cite book |title=Annual Report of the Local Government Board |date=1879 |location=London |page=442 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8RcwAQAAMAAJ |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|archive-date=14 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314192815/https://books.google.com/books?id=8RcwAQAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> Both the Lytham commissioners' district and the St Anne's local board of health district were reconstituted as [[Urban district (England and Wales)|urban districts]] in 1894, at which point St Annes was created a separate civil parish.<ref>{{cite book |title=Annual Report of the Local Government Board |date=1895 |location=London |page=264 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFIwAQAAMAAJ |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|archive-date=14 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314203145/https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Annual_Report_of_the_Local_Government_Bo/gFIwAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

St Anne's-on-the-Sea Urban District Council built itself [[St Anne's Public Offices]] in Clifton Drive in 1902 to serve as its headquarters. In 1922 the two urban districts merged to form a [[municipal borough]] and civil parish called Lytham St Annes, and the civil parishes of Lytham and St Annes on the Sea were abolished.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10135199#tab02|title=St Anne's-on-the-Sea UD|publisher=Vision of Britain|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=26 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026184239/https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10135199#tab02|url-status=live}}</ref> 

Since the re-organisation of local government in 1974, the town has been administered by [[Borough of Fylde|Fylde]] District Council.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.discoverfylde.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/wedding-brochure-final.pdf|title=Weddings at Fylde|publisher=Discover Fylde|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516151049/https://www.discoverfylde.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/wedding-brochure-final.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>  In 2005 St Annes on the Sea was made a new [[civil parish]], covering roughly the area of the civil parish which existed from 1894 to 1924.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Fylde (Parish) Order 2004 |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20221202002712mp_/https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lgbce/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/12597/the-fylde-parish-order-2004.pdf |website=Local Government Boundary Commission for England |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=9 October 2023 |archive-date=19 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219135212/https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20221202002712mp_/https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lgbce/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/12597/the-fylde-parish-order-2004.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Transport==

===Disability access===
Lytham town centre has limited disabled parking. There are other car parks outside the immediate town centre however these may be too far away for those with restricted mobility.

===Railway===
{{Location map+|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes
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   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.7416|long=-2.9934|label_size=85|position=left |label='''{{stnlnk|Ansdell and Fairhaven}}'''|marksize=10}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.7392|long=-2.9643|label_size=85|position=top  |label='''{{stnlnk|Lytham}}'''|marksize=10}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.7531|long=-3.0290|label_size=85|position=left |label='''{{stnlnk|St Annes-on-the-Sea}}'''|marksize=10}}
 {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.7773|long=-3.0503|label_size=85|position=right|label='''{{stnlnk|Squires Gate}}'''|marksize=10}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.7623|long=-3.0404|label_size=85|position=right|label=''{{stnlnk|Gillett's Crossing Halt}}''|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Lytham St Annes|lat=53.7384|long=-2.9566|label_size=85|position=right|label=''{{stnlnk|Lytham (Station Road)}}''|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
}}
[[File:Lytham railway station 05C420.jpg|thumb|right|Lytham railway station]]
[[Lytham railway station|Lytham station]], [[St Annes-on-the-Sea railway station|St Annes-on-the-Sea station]] and [[Ansdell and Fairhaven railway station|Ansdell & Fairhaven station]] all lie on the single-track [[Blackpool South railway station|Blackpool South]] to [[Preston railway station|Preston]] branch of the [[Blackpool Branch Lines]]. Prior to the closure of Blackpool Central in 1964 the Coast Road, as it was known, was the mainline into Blackpool, although the Lytham St. Annes stations were bypassed by the direct line from Kirkham to Blackpool North. It has been reported that Central station in Blackpool could handle with ease one million people, in and out, in one day.{{cn|date=December 2024}} 

Today the line is truncated at South station and the branch is operated euphemistically as "one engine in steam" but in fact is just a long siding from Kirkham. Trains run between [[Colne railway station]] and Blackpool South railway station on this line through Lytham St. Anne's.

Previously there were stations in [[Lytham (Station Road) railway station|Station Road, Lytham]] (1846–1874) and at {{stnlnk|Gillett's Crossing Halt}} near the Old Links Golf Course, St Annes (1913–1949).

==Local issues==

===Lowther Pavilion Lytham===
In 2008 local residents became aware that Fylde Borough Council was struggling financially, and in particular was becoming unable to subsidise local amenities. The closure of St. Annes swimming pool demonstrated how serious the situation was. It was felt that a group needed to take immediate action if they wished to reduce the subsidy from the council and ensure that Lowther Pavilion, the only purpose-built theatre in the area, remained open. In November 2008 Friends of Lowther Pavilion was formed, with the stated purposes of reducing the subsidy required from the council; securing the future of Lowther Pavilion, raising money for improvements, and ultimately generate profits; involving the local community in the running of the theatre and making it part of the town; and becoming the basis of a networking forum for the participating groups.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.friendsoflowtherpavilion.co.uk |title=Lowther Pavilion – Fylde Coast |website=Friendsoflowtherpavilion.co.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825014644/http://www.friendsoflowtherpavilion.co.uk/ |archive-date=25 August 2010}}</ref>

===Closure of public facilities===
[[File:Save Warton Street Post Office March, February 2008.jpg|thumb|"Save Warton Street Post Office" march across Lytham Green, February 2008]]
In 2008 Fylde Borough Council announced that the borough's two public swimming pools, in Kirkham and St Annes, would be closed. Public campaigns were started to oppose both closures, and they reopened in 2010 under management by Fylde Coast YMCA,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hayman |first=Pete |date=27 August 2010 |title=Lytham St Annes swimming pool to reopen |url=https://www.leisureopportunities.co.uk/news/Lytham-St-Annes-swimming-pool-to-reopen/212073 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=Leisure Opportunities |archive-date=26 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826035411/https://www.leisureopportunities.co.uk/news/Lytham-St-Annes-swimming-pool-to-reopen/212073 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://simonrenwick.wordpress.com/tag/kirkham-baths/ |title=Kirkham Baths &#124; Simon Renwick |website=Simonrenwick.wordpress.com |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019092502/https://simonrenwick.wordpress.com/tag/kirkham-baths/ |url-status=live }}</ref> with financial support from the council.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=23 June 2020 |title=Fylde Coast YMCA to receive funding to reopen leisure facilities |url=https://new.fylde.gov.uk/fylde-coast-ymca-to-receive-funding-to-reopen-leisure-facilities-2/ |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=Fylde Council |language=en-GB |archive-date=19 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519182358/https://new.fylde.gov.uk/fylde-coast-ymca-to-receive-funding-to-reopen-leisure-facilities-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Property developments===
{{As of|2007}} the most controversial political issue in Lytham St Annes concerned [[property development]]. No more [[greenfield site]]s were available and developers were seeking to replace existing buildings or to build on open spaces such as Ashton Gardens in St Annes. Many [[architecture|historic building]]s had been demolished and replaced with larger modern constructions of standard design as can be found in many other places. For example, the [[art deco]] former headquarters of the [[Football League]] was demolished and replaced with a block of flats.<ref name="x44">{{cite web|url=https://www.lep.co.uk/sport/football/location-change-league-hq-1095642|title=Location change for League HQ|date=27 July 2017|newspaper=Lancashire Post|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130081245/https://www.lep.co.uk/sport/football/location-change-league-hq-1095642|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2005 a property development company submitted a proposal for a 2,800 apartment development called Lytham Quays to be built on industrial [[brownfield]] sites in the east of Lytham. The developer, Kensington Developments, claimed in a 2008 article in the ''Daily Telegraph'' that "In truth, the majority of people were for it".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/main.jhtml?xml%3D%2Fproperty%2F2008%2F02%2F07%2Fnplytham107.xml |title=Lytham Quays: A home where the Lytham is easy – Telegraph |access-date=9 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209155253/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fproperty%2F2008%2F02%2F07%2Fnplytham107.xml |archive-date=9 February 2008  }}</ref>

==Wildlife==
[[File:04 Ribble estuary, Lytham St Annes, Lancashire, UK.jpg|thumb|right|Ribble estuary with Lytham St Annes]]
[[File:Salt marsh on the Ribble estuary - geograph.org.uk - 611881.jpg|thumb|right|Salt marsh on the Ribble estuary]]
The [[Ribble Estuary]] and sands of St Annes and Lytham are an [[Important Bird Area]], mainly as a feeding ground for [[wader]]s during winter and spring.<ref name=UK057>{{cite web|title=UK057: Ribble and Alt Estuaries|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=2584|work=[[BirdLife International]]|access-date=24 June 2013|archive-date=28 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528030825/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=2584|url-status=live}}</ref> There are flocks of thousands of [[red knot]], [[dunlin]], [[sanderling]], [[bar-tailed godwit]] and other waders; over 100,000 birds winter there. Flocks of [[pink-footed goose|pink-footed geese]] are commonly seen in winter as they fly over St Annes between their feeding grounds around [[Southport]] and [[Over Wyre]]. Many [[Northern pintail|pintail]] and other [[duck]]s feed and rest in the estuary.<ref name=UK057 />

There are 80&nbsp;hectares of [[sand dune]] habitat on the coast of Lytham St Annes which is home to a wide variety of rare and interesting plants and wildlife communities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sand Dunes|url=https://www.fylde.gov.uk/resident/leisure/sand-dunes/|work=[[Borough of Fylde|Fylde Borough Council]]|access-date=24 June 2013|archive-date=10 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110180427/http://www.fylde.gov.uk/resident/leisure/sand-dunes/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Lytham St Annes Nature Reserve has around 250 different plant species include internationally rare plants not found outside the UK. [[Common lizard]]s are found across the dune system and it is an important habitat for various breeding birds including [[European stonechat]], [[skylark]], [[linnet]] and [[reed bunting]]. The [[Grayling (butterfly)|grayling]] butterfly, which is a coastal specialist, is also found on the dunes.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ellis|first=Sam|author2=Bourn, Nigel|title=Regional Action Plan North West England|year=2000|page=42|url=http://butterfly-conservation.org/files/ap-north_west.pdf|access-date=24 June 2013|publisher=Butterfly Conservation|archive-date=1 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901225524/http://butterfly-conservation.org/files/ap-north_west.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Witchwood is a narrow strip of woodland  protected by a [[tree preservation order]] and partly a [[Site of Special Scientific Interest]]. The strip, which runs alongside the railway line, between Blackpool Road to Ballam Road, was originally part of Lytham Hall parkland and was created by Lytham St. Annes Civic Society. A limited company was established to manage the wood and society members cleared the site and introduced a path. On advice from the [[Forestry Commission]], invasive sycamore and elm are being replaced by indigenous English species. The walk was officially opened in 1974 by [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]] and is a haven for wildlife.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lsacivic.org/witch-wood/4588037036 |title=WITCH WOOD – Lytham St. Annes Civic Society |access-date=11 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416082757/http://www.lsacivic.org/witch-wood/4588037036 |archive-date=16 April 2015  }}</ref>

==Culture==

===Art and architecture===
The following organisations are currently active:
* Lytham St Annes Art Society (founded 1912)
* Lytham St Annes Civic Society (founded c. 1955)
* Lytham Heritage Group
* Friends of the [[Lytham St Annes Art Collection]]
* Friends of Lytham Hall
* Fylde Arts Association
* Fylde Decorative and Fine Arts Society (Fylde DFAS)

A series of public artworks were commissioned as improvement works to The Square for Saint-Annes-on-the-Sea including a [[mosaic]] by artist [[Gary Drostle]] in 2005.

===Music and entertainment===
Notable musicians, actors and, entertainers who were born or live(d) in Lytham St Annes include entertainer [[George Formby]], comedians [[Les Dawson]], [[Bobby Ball]] and [[Roy Walker (TV personality)|Roy Walker]], comedian and broadcaster [[Jenny Eclair]], actors [[Stephen Tompkinson]], [[Jonas Armstrong]], [[Ian Anderson]], [[Dean Lennox Kelly]] and [[Craig Kelly (actor)|Craig Kelly]], composer [[Peter Dickinson (musician)|Peter Dickinson]] and guitarist [[Mario Parga]].{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}

===Festivals===

====Beer Festival====
Lytham Beer Festival has been held annually in September since 2007, although this was moved to October in 2012. It is organised by the Blackpool, Fylde and Wyre branch of [[Campaign for Real Ale|CAMRA]] and offers a choice of around 90 [[real ale]]s as well as a selection of [[cider]]s and foreign bottled beers.<ref name="LBF001">{{cite web
  | title = Blackpool Fylde and Wyre CAMRA
  | url = http://www.blackpoolcamra.org.uk/index.php?id=157&page_title=Lytham%20Festival
  | access-date = 10 March 2011
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100907230911/http://www.blackpoolcamra.org.uk/index.php?id=157&page_title=Lytham%20Festival
  | archive-date = 7 September 2010
| url-status = dead
  }}</ref>

====Lytham Festival====
{{Mainarticle|Lytham Festival}}

Lytham Green sees an annual five-day musical festival branded as the [[Lytham Festival]] and operated by Cuffe & Taylor, part of [[Live Nation UK]]. Live performances on the promenade first began under the name "Lytham Proms" in 1999. In 2009, Daniel Cuffe and Peter Taylor took over operation of festivals on the green with a one-night concert by English soprano singer [[Lesley Garrett]]. The festival has since seen a variety of leading bands and musicians including [[The Human League]], [[Madness (band)|Madness]], [[Chic (band)|Nile Rodgers & Chic]], [[The Human League]], [[Kylie Minogue]], [[Rod Stewart]], [[Diana Ross]], [[Duran Duran]] and [[Tears for Fears]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.greatbritishlife.co.uk/things-to-do/whats-on/meet-the-team-who-revived-the-lytham-proms-6954076 | title=Meet the team who revived the Lytham Proms | publisher=Archant Life Ltd | work=[[Lancashire Life]] | date=14 July 2014 | accessdate=27 March 2022 | archive-date=8 February 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208104404/https://www.greatbritishlife.co.uk/things-to-do/whats-on/meet-the-team-who-revived-the-lytham-proms-6954076 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.visitlytham.info/recreation-entertainment/events-featured/lytham-festival/ | title=More about Lytham Festival | publisher=VisitLytham.info | date=21 September 2021 | accessdate=27 March 2022 | archive-date=6 May 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506001725/https://www.visitlytham.info/recreation-entertainment/events-featured/lytham-festival/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

== Media ==
Local television news programmes are provided by [[BBC North West]] and [[ITV Granada]]. The local television station [[That's TV|That's Lancashire]] also broadcasts to the area. Television signals are received from the [[Winter Hill transmitting station|Winter Hill]] TV transmitter.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Winter_Hill |title=Full Freeview on the Winter Hill (Bolton, England) transmitter |date=May 2004 |publisher=UK Free TV |access-date=8 January 2024 |archive-date=13 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113184520/https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Winter_Hill |url-status=live }}</ref>

Local radio stations are [[BBC Radio Lancashire]], [[Heart North West]], [[Smooth North West]], [[Greatest Hits Radio Lancashire]], [[Dune Radio]], Coastal Radio (broadcasting from [[Blackpool]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.coastalradiodab.co.uk/|title=Coastal Radio|access-date=8 January 2024|archive-date=8 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108052904/https://www.coastalradiodab.co.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref> and Sands Radio, a community-based station which has studios in town.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sandsradio.co.uk/#:~:text=Sands%20Radio%20is%20a%20Fylde,in%20the%20Northwest%20and%20beyond! |title=Sands Radio |access-date=8 January 2024 |archive-date=8 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108052904/https://www.sandsradio.co.uk/#:~:text=Sands%20Radio%20is%20a%20Fylde,in%20the%20Northwest%20and%20beyond! |url-status=live }}</ref>

The town has a local newspaper, the ''Lytham St Annes Express,''<ref>{{cite web |date=9 May 2014 |title=Lytham St Annes Express |url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-nw/lytham-st-annes-express/ |accessdate=8 January 2024 |website=British Papers |archive-date=8 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108052906/https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-nw/lytham-st-annes-express/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and is within the circulation area of the ''[[Blackpool Gazette]]''.

==Sport==
===Golf===
The [[Royal Lytham|Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club]] was founded in March 1886 and moved to its present site in 1926. Many world tournaments have been, and are, played there, including the [[Ryder Cup]], [[the Open Championship]] and the [[Dunlop Masters]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Lytham Century: a History of Royal Lytham and St. Anne's Golf Club 1886–1986|last=Nickson|first= E. A.|publisher= Royal Lytham|year= 1986}}</ref>

Lytham Green Drive Golf Club was founded in 1913 and has hosted qualifying matches for [[The Open Championship|Open Championship]]. The clubhouse is on Ballam Road.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.visitlancashire.com/things-to-do/lytham-green-drive-golf-club-p8152|title=Lytham Green Drive Golf Club|publisher=Visit Lancashire|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208104943/https://www.visitlancashire.com/things-to-do/lytham-green-drive-golf-club-p8152|url-status=live}}</ref>

There are two other golf clubs in the area, which have all hosted qualifying for The Open Championship. They are Fairhaven Golf Club and perhaps the most well known, St Annes Old Links Golf Club, which has also hosted many other top events in the golfing calendar. The Old Links course runs northwards from Highbury Road on the landward side of the railway line.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stannesoldlinks.com/ |title=Home :: St Annes Old Links Golf Club |website=Stannesoldlinks.com |date=20 July 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=1 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801144751/http://www.stannesoldlinks.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Rugby===
[[Fylde Rugby Club]], who compete in [[National League 1|English National League one]], play at the [[Woodlands Memorial Ground]], which is shared with [[Blackpool Panthers|Blackpool Rugby League Club]], who compete in [[RFL League 1|National League Two]]. Amongst their notable former players are two [[British and Irish Lions]], [[Brian Ashton (rugby union)|Brian Ashton]] and [[Bill Beaumont]].<ref name=beaumont/>

===Football===
The headquarters of the [[The Football League|English Football League]] were in the former Sandown Hotel in Clifton Drive in St Annes between 1959 and 2017.<ref name="x44"/>

===Cricket and hockey===
St Annes Cricket Club are based at Vernon Road, St Annes. [[England cricket team|England]] and [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] [[cricket]]er [[Andrew Flintoff]] played for St Annes, starting as a 12-year-old in 1989.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stannescricketclub.org/flintoff.html |title=Andrew Flintoff at St Annes CC |access-date=22 May 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513075427/http://www.stannescricketclub.org/flintoff.html |archive-date=13 May 2007  }}</ref>

Lytham Cricket and Sports Club is based in Church Road, Lytham. It is the home of [[Lytham St Annes Hockey Club]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lsahc.co.uk/ |title=Lytham St. Annes Hockey Club |website=Lsahc.co.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=21 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821032145/http://www.lsahc.co.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Health care==
Primary care is the responsibility of NHS North Lancashire Primary Care Trust.

There have been a number of recent reorganisations and building for general practice in the area.

General practice in Lytham is based at a health centre opened in 2009 called the Lytham Primary Care Centre. This building is on the site of the original [[Lytham Hospital]]. Two practices are housed in this building: Holland House Surgery<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollandhousesurgery.co.uk/ |title=Lytham Primary Care Centre, Victoria Street, Lytham, FY8 5DZ &#124; Holland House Surgery |publisher=Holland House Surgery |date=16 February 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=16 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816171610/http://www.hollandhousesurgery.co.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and Fernbank Surgery.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fernbanksurgery.co.uk/ |title=Lytham Primary Care Centre and Freckleton Health CentreFernbank Surgery |publisher=Fernbank Surgery |date=16 February 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=9 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809180940/http://www.fernbanksurgery.co.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Secondary care is mainly provided by the Blackpool, Fylde and Wyre Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfwhospitals.nhs.uk/ |title=Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust &#124; Together we care |website=Bfwhospitals.nhs.uk |date=20 June 2014 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=26 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026021241/http://www.bfwhospitals.nhs.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref> whose nearest hospital is [[Blackpool Victoria Hospital]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/hospitalrecords/details.asp?id=1681|title=Victoria Hospital, Blackpool|publisher=National Archives|access-date=6 October 2018|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007040553/http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/hospitalrecords/details.asp?id=1681|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Religion==

===Lytham===
* Lytham Methodist Church, Park Street; opened in September 1868<ref name=methodist/>
* [[St Cuthbert's Church, Lytham|St Cuthbert's (Church of England)]], Church Road; built in 1834.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StCuthbert.shtml |title=Lytham, St Cuthbert, Church of England, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=3 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403160433/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StCuthbert.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[St John's Church, Lytham|St John the Divine Church]] (Church of England), East Beach; built 1848–49 by [[Edwin Hugh Shellard]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StJohn.shtml |title=St John the Divine, Lytham, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924052509/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StJohn.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackburn.anglican.org/parish.asp?theid%3D97853 |title=Church Details: LYTHAM St John the Divine |access-date=12 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206124939/http://www.blackburn.anglican.org/parish.asp?theid=97853 |archive-date=6 December 2013  }}</ref>
* St Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Clifton Street; built 1838, the tower was added in 1878.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stpetersoflytham.org.uk/ |title=St Peters Catholic Church Lytham |website=Stpetersoflytham.org.uk |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=2 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002154947/http://stpetersoflytham.org.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Lytham Christian Centre, Preston Road.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/MountOlivet.shtml |title=Mount Olivet Pentecostal, Lytham, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019005118/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/MountOlivet.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Lytham United Reformed Church, Bannister Street; founded 1863.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/BannisterStCongregational.shtml |title=Bannister St Congregational, Lytham, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019005117/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/BannisterStCongregational.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>

===St Annes===
* Church Road Methodist Church, Church Road.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.churchroadmethodist.org/ |title=Church Rd Methodist |website=Churchroadmethodist.org |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=1 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701182028/http://www.churchroadmethodist.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[St Anne's Church, St Anne's-on-the-Sea|St Anne's Church]], [[Church of England parish church]], Oxford Road –  built in 1873 by [[Sharpe, Paley and Austin|Paley and Austin]]. The tower was added in 1887.<ref name="SAPC001"/>
* St Annes Baptist Church, St.Andrews Road South – opened on Christmas Day 1886.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stannesbaptist.org/ |title=Home – St Annes Baptist Church |publisher=Stannesbaptist.org |date=5 January 2014 |access-date=11 January 2014 |archive-date=11 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111224620/http://www.stannesbaptist.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* St Annes on Sea United Reformed Church, Clifton Drive – built by W.J. Porritt from 1880 onwards.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stannesurc.org.uk/ |title=St. Annes on Sea United Reformed Church |publisher=Stannesurc.org.uk |access-date=11 January 2014 |archive-date=11 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111230731/http://www.stannesurc.org.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* St Annes Hebrew Congregation, Orchard Road.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/Community/bl3_lytham/index.htm |title=JCR-UK: St. Annes Hebrew Congregation, Lytham St. Anne's, Lancashire, England |website=Jewishgen.org |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819232319/http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/Community/bl3_lytham/index.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Our Lady Star of the Sea Church, [[Roman Catholic]] church, St Annes Road East, built in 1890 by [[Pugin & Pugin]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ourladystarofthesea.co.uk/OurLadyStaroftheSea/Welcome.html |title=Our Lady Star of the Sea Roman Catholic Church, Lytham St. Annes |publisher=Ourladystarofthesea.co.uk |access-date=11 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111232310/http://www.ourladystarofthesea.co.uk/OurLadyStaroftheSea/Welcome.html |archive-date=11 January 2014  }}</ref>
* [[St Thomas' Church, St Anne's-on-the-Sea|St Thomas' Church]], St Thomas Road – built in 1899 by Austin and Paley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StThomas.shtml |title=St Thomas Church of England, St Annes, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019005117/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StThomas.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Fylde Christian Service Church, St.Andrews Road South – based in the former St Annes Baptist chapel.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fcsc.info/ |title=Fylde Christian Service Church |publisher=Fcsc.info |date=30 March 2008 |access-date=11 January 2014 |archive-date=12 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112010942/http://www.fcsc.info/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* St Margaret of Antioch, St.Leonards Road West – founded in 1925.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StMargaretofAntioch.shtml |title=St Margaret of Antioch Church of England, St Annes, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919194451/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StMargaretofAntioch.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* St Alban RC Church, Kilnhouse Lane – founded in 1964.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StAlban.shtml |title=St Alban Roman Catholic, St Annes, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019005117/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StAlban.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
*St. Gregory's Eastern Orthodox Chapel, Orchard Road – established in 2017.{{cn|date=June 2023}}

===Ansdell and Fairhaven===
[[File:Ansdell Baptist Church - geograph.org.uk - 1148162.jpg|thumb|right|Ansdell Baptist Church]]
* The Well Church, Ansdell Road North; founded 1908.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iwell.org.uk/ |title=The Well Church, Ansdell, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=18 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218141209/http://iwell.org.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Ansdell Unitarian & Free Christian Church, Channing Road; opened 1930, new hall added 1968.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ukunitarians.org.uk/ansdell/history.htm|title=History|publisher=Ansdell Unitarian Church|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208105820/https://www.ukunitarians.org.uk/ansdell/history.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
* St Joseph's RC Church, Woodlands Road; opened 20 September 1914; built 1909 by Pugin & Pugin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://redrosecollections.lancashire.gov.uk/view-item?i=232268&WINID=1644317691558|title=St Joseph's Catholic Church, Woodlands Road, Ansdell|publisher=Red Rose Collections|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208105632/https://redrosecollections.lancashire.gov.uk/view-item?i=232268&WINID=1644317691558|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Fairhaven United Reformed Church, Clifton Drive South; opened 17 October 1912; built by Briggs, Wolstenholme & Thornley; known locally as the "White Church".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.explorechurches.org/church/fairhaven-urc-lytham-st-annes|title=Fairhaven URC|publisher=Explore Churches|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208101221/https://www.explorechurches.org/church/fairhaven-urc-lytham-st-annes|url-status=live}}</ref>
* St Paul's CofE Church, Clifton Drive; built 1902 by Medland Taylor.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StPaul.shtml |title=St Paul Church of England, Ansdell, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919195203/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/StPaul.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Fairhaven [[Methodist Church of Great Britain|Methodist Church]], Clifton Drive; founded 1909.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/CliftonDriveMethodist.shtml |title=Clifton Drive Methodist, Fairhaven, Lancashire |publisher=GENUKI |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016 |archive-date=19 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019005117/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Lytham/CliftonDriveMethodist.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Twin towns ==
Lytham St Annes is [[Town twinning|twinned]] with:
* [[Werne]], Germany<ref name="LSATWIN01">{{cite web
| title = Twin Towns
| publisher = Lytham St Annes Twinning Association
| url = http://www.lsatwinning.co.uk/page15.html
| access-date = 3 May 2019
| archive-date = 3 May 2019
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190503194701/http://www.lsatwinning.co.uk/page15.html
| url-status = live
}}</ref>
* [[Caudry]], France<ref name="LSATWIN01" />

== Notable people ==

* [[John Talbot Clifton (MP)|John Talbot Clifton]] (1819–1882) of Lytham Hall, MP for [[North Lancashire (UK Parliament constituency)|North Lancashire]]
* [[John Talbot Clifton]] (1868–1928) of Lytham Hall, traveller
* [[Violet Clifton]] (1883–1961) of Lytham Hall, traveller and writer
* [[Albert Cordingley]] (1871–1939), first-class cricketer, club professional for Lytham Cricket Club in the mid-1890s<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 April 1899 |title=Engagement for A. Cordingley |pages=8 |work=The Yorkshire Post}}</ref>
* [[Larry L'Estrange]] (1934–2007), born in Lytham, Irish rugby player and British soldier

== See also ==
* [[Listed buildings in Lytham]]
* [[Listed buildings in Saint Anne's on the Sea]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
* Harrison, Gabriel (1971) ''Rage of Sand: the story of the men who built their own seaside town'', London : Benn, {{ISBN|0-510-27118-9}}
* Pevsner, Nikolaus (1969) ''The Buildings of England – North Lancashire'', Penguin, {{ISBN|0-14-071037-X}}.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Lytham}}
* [https://www.lythamstannes.news/ Lytham St Anne's News]
* [https://www.visitlytham.info Visit Lytham]
{{Borough of Fylde}}
{{Lancashire}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Lytham St Annes| ]]
[[Category:Seaside resorts in Lancashire]]
[[Category:Towns in Lancashire]]
[[Category:Geography of the Borough of Fylde]]
[[Category:Beaches of Lancashire]]
[[Category:1875 establishments in England]]
[[Category:Former civil parishes in Lancashire]]