Editing M107 projectile

{{Short description|High explosive artillery round}}
[[File:USMC-100414-M-5241M-001.jpg|thumb|right|M107 projectiles, fitted with [[fuze]]s.]]<!-- The correct spelling is "FUZE", not "fuse". Click on the hyperlink to learn why. -->
[[Image:M107 Shell.JPEG|thumb|right|An M107 155 mm high explosive projectile with a M739A1 point detonating (PD) fuze]]
The '''M107''' is a [[155 mm caliber|155&nbsp;mm]] [[high explosive]] [[shell (projectile)|projectile]] used by many countries. It is a bursting round with fragmentation and blast effects. It used to be the standard 155&nbsp;mm high explosive projectile for [[howitzer]]s of the [[United States Army|US Army]] and [[United States Marine Corps|US Marine Corps]], but is being superseded in the US military by the [[M795]].

==Development==
The M107 is a development of the M102 155&nbsp;mm shell that was developed in the 1930s from the French Schneider 155&nbsp;mm projectile for the [[Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider|Model 1917 Howitzer]].

==Description==
{{More citations|date=January 2021}}
The body consists of a hollow [[steel]] shell containing high explosive (either [[Trinitrotoluene|TNT]] or [[Composition B]]) painted olive drab with yellow markings.<ref>{{cite manual |title=Operator's Manual (crew): Howitzer, Medium, Towed, 155-mm, M198 (1025-01-026-6648). |date=1979 |publisher=Headquarters, Department of the Army |page=4-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v4hFKQ5kqOMC |access-date=28 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref> A [[fuze]] adapter is screwed into the body and brazed in place. An eyebolt lifting plug is screwed into the fuze well to assist in transportation. The plug is removed and replaced with a fuze for firing. The complete projectile weighs {{convert|43.2|kg|abbr=on}}, is {{convert|800|mm|abbr=on}} long and contains 15.8% explosive by weight. It is a [[Shell (projectile)#Propulsion|separate-loading]] projectile—[[propellant]] bags or modular artillery charge system (MACS) charges are loaded separately.

The M107 can be fired more than {{convert|10|mi|km}} and on detonation it produces approximately 1,950 fragments. 

The M107 was approved for use in 1958 and issued to the army from 1959. Its intended replacement is the M795, manufacture of which began in 1999.

The [[M198 howitzer]] can fire an M107 up to {{convert|18.5|km|abbr=on}} using M4A2 "White Bag" propellant. Modified M107 rounds with [[base bleed]] and new aerodynamics can extend this range to around {{convert|32|km|abbr=on}}.

Despite relatively lackluster performance (Jane's describes it as having "an indifferent charge to weight ratio", "unsophisticated aerodynamic shape", "erratic fragmentation") compared to more modern high explosive rounds, it continues to be used by many countries, in particular in training exercises because of its low cost, high availability and smaller danger area than more modern designs. Its limited effectiveness also make it a useful option in peace support operations.

The M107 is manufactured by several nations, sometimes with variations in the fill and or filling method, or other details, and is given a national designation. For example, those produced to UK requirements are designated L21, not M107; German examples were designated DM21.

By the 1970s, the M107 was an out-of-date design,<ref>{{cite report |last1=United States Congress House Committee on Appropriations Subcommittee on Department of Defense |title=Department of Defense Appropriations for 1980: Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, First Session |date=1979 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |pages=174–175 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TqBgYQuXwb8C&dq=m107+projectile&pg=PA174 |access-date=28 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref> and some European armies started replacing their war stocks with modern designs such as L15. However, the M107 was retained for training purposes, because it was cheap and, being less lethal, had a smaller peacetime safety area, an important consideration given the small European training areas.

==Specifications==

* Maximum range :
** Fired from M1/M1A1 cannon on M114/M114A1 towed howitzers with Charge 7
** Fired from M126/M126A1 cannon on M109 self-propelled howitzers with Charge 7
*** {{convert|14,600|m|abbr=on}}
** Fired from M185 cannon on M109A1 - M109A4 howitzers with Charge 8
** Fired from M119 cannon on M198 towed howitzers with Charge 8
*** {{convert|18,100|m|abbr=on}}
** Fired from M284 cannon on M109A5 and M109A6 howitzers with Charge 8S
*** {{convert|24,000|m|abbr=on}}
* Weight as fired: {{convert|43.2|kg|lb}}
* Explosive content: TNT {{convert|6.86|kg|lb}}  
* Length (excluding fuze): {{convert|605.3|mm|abbr=on}}
* Body diameter: {{convert|154.71|mm|abbr=on}}
* Driving band diameter: {{convert|157.98|mm|abbr=on}}
* Fuzes (with supplemental charge): 
** PD M51A5, M728 family, M557, M572, M739, M564, M577, M582, M732
* Fuzes (without supplemental charge):
** M728
* Manufacturer: American Ordnance LLC & Scranton Army Ammunition Plant<ref> {{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/Janes_Ammunition_Handbook/page/n494/mode/1up?q=m107 |title=Projectile, 155 mm: HE, M107 | last=Gander | first= Terry J | series=Jane’s Ammunition Handbook 2002-2003 | publisher = Jane’s Information Group}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of artillery]]
*[[List of crew served weapons of the US Armed Forces]]

==References==
* ''Jane's Ammunition Handbook 2003–2004''
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20201125223353/https://www.gd-ots.com/munitions/artillery/155m-m107/ 155mm M107 HE − General Dynamics]

{{DEFAULTSORT:M107 Projectile}}
[[Category:155 mm artillery]]
[[Category:155 mm artillery shells]]
[[Category:Cold War artillery of the United States]]