Editing Magnolia campbellii

{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Magnolia campbellii.jpg
| image_caption = 
| genus = Magnolia
| display_parents = 3
| parent = Magnolia subsect. Yulania
| species = campbellii
| authority = [[Hook.f.]] & [[Thomas Thomson (botanist)|Thomson]]
}}

'''''Magnolia campbellii''''', or '''Campbell's magnolia''', is a species of ''[[Magnolia]]'' that grows in sheltered valleys in the [[Himalaya]] from eastern [[Nepal]], [[Sikkim]] and [[Assam]], India, east to southwestern [[China]] (southern [[Xizang]], [[Yunnan]], southern [[Sichuan]]) and south to northern [[Myanmar]].

==Description==
[[Image:Magnolia campbellii leaves seeds.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Leaves and seeds]]
[[Image:Magnolia campbellii flowers.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Flowers]]
[[Image:Magnolia campbellii corn.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Magnolia campbellii'' in [[Trengwainton Garden]], [[Cornwall]]]]
''Magnolia campbellii'' is a medium-sized to large [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 30 m, rarely to 45 m, tall, with smooth grey bark. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 10–23&nbsp;cm (rarely to 33&nbsp;cm) long and 4.5–10&nbsp;cm (rarely to 14&nbsp;cm) broad, fuzzy underneath and with an acute apex. The [[flower]]s are very large, 15–25&nbsp;cm (rarely 35&nbsp;cm) diameter, with 12-16 [[tepal]]s, which vary from white to dark pink. They appear very early, before the leaves, opening from late winter to early spring. After opening, the innermost tepals remain erect while the others spread widely. This arrangement may shelter the [[stamen]]s and [[carpel|stigma]]s from rain, snow, and other harsh [[natural environment|environmental]] conditions common during their very early flowering time period.

Hooker named the species after [[Archibald Campbell (doctor)|Archibald Campbell]], Superintendent of Darjeeling.

===Varieties===
There are two [[variety (biology)|varieties]]: 
*''Magnolia campbellii'' var. ''campbellii''. Western part of the species' range, in the Himalaya. Shoots and flower stalks thinly hairy.
*''Magnolia campbellii'' var. ''mollicomata''. Eastern part of the species' range, in Yunnan and surrounding areas. Shoots more densely hairy, flower stalks thickly felted.

==Cultivation==
''Magnolia campbellii'' is grown as an [[ornamental tree]] for its breathtaking flowers, though successful flowering is limited to mild areas with no late spring frosts. ''Magnolia campbellii'' var. ''mollicomata'' flowers slightly later and is less likely to have its flowers frost-damaged.

Young trees take a long time to reach flowering age and need deep, moist [[soil]] and a mild, sheltered site.

===Cultivars===
Several [[cultivar]]s have been named, including 'Alba' (white flowers), 'Charles Raffil' (bright purple-pink flowers; starts flowering on younger trees), and 'Strybing White' (white flowers).

A number of [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]] with other Magnolias have also been developed.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Hunt, D. (ed). (1998). ''Magnolias and their allies''. International Dendrology Society and Magnolia Society. {{ISBN|0-9517234-8-0}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070505104021/http://www.fna.org/china/mss/volume07/Magnoliaceae-CAS_coauthoring.htm Flora of China: Magnoliaceae (draft account)]

==Further reading==
* Nelson, E. C. "Magnolia campbellii in County Cork." The Garden 104 (1979): 495-196.

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041214201933/http://www.magnoliasociety.org/classification_matted_images/m_campbelii_mollicomata.html Magnoliasociety.org: Photo of ''Magnolia campbellii'' var. ''mollicomata'' flowers]
{{Commons category|position=left}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2672193}}

[[Category:Magnolia|campbellii]]
[[Category:Trees of China]]
[[Category:Trees of Nepal]]
[[Category:Flora of Assam (region)]]
[[Category:Flora of East Himalaya]]
[[Category:Flora of Indo-China]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Ornamental trees]]