Editing Maldevelopment

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'''Maldevelopment''' is the state of an organism or an organisation that did not develop in the "normal" way (used in medicine, e.g. "brain maldevelopment of a fetus"). It was introduced as a human and social development term in [[France]] in the 1990s by [[Samir Amin]] to challenge the concept of "[[underdevelopment]]." The word ''maldéveloppement'' did not exist before then (the medical terms are ''malformation'' or ''développement anormal''), so the word is a [[neologism]] meant to be analogous to the difference between [[undernutrition]] and [[malnutrition]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.crcpress.com/Evolutionary-Change-Toward-a-Systemic-Theory-of-Development-and-Maldevelopment/Katsenelinboigen/p/book/9789056995294|title=Evolutionary Change: Toward a Systemic Theory of Development and Maldevelopment|publisher=|accessdate=7 January 2017}}</ref>

Maldevelopment is a global concept that includes human and social development. Under the philosophy of [[sustainable development]], economic development is only a "tool" that allows for greater human and social development, not the final goal. ''Under''-development is a quantitative notion, implying that a nation has a lack and must gain something to reach a particular reference state—the state of the nation that judges another nation as underdeveloped.  So this notion also implies a unique development model—the one of the judging nation.

''Mal''-development, or ''ill''-development, is a qualitative notion that expresses a mismatch, a discrepancy between the conditions (economic, political, meteorological, cultural, etc.) and the needs and means of the people.

==See also==

* [[Human development theory]].

==References==
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[[Category:Human development]]