Editing Maple Leaf (train)

{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{short description|International passenger train operated by Amtrak and Via Rail}}
{{about|the joint Amtrak/Via service|other trains|Maple leaf (disambiguation)#Transport}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name            = ''Maple Leaf''
| image           = Amtrak train in Hamilton, Ontario 2024-04-05.jpg
| image_width     = 300px
| caption         = The ''Maple Leaf'' passing through Hamilton, Ontario, in 2024
| type            = [[Inter-city rail]]
| status          = <!-- Only use when line is not operating normally -->
| locale          = [[New York State]]/[[Golden Horseshoe]] region, Ontario
| predecessor     = ''Ontarian''
| first           = April 26, 1981
| operator        = [[Amtrak]] (within US)<br />[[Via Rail]] (within Canada)
| ridership2      = <!--{{Amtrak route ridership|Empire West/Maple Leaf}}{{efn|Combines ''Empire Service'' and ''Maple Leaf'' ridership.}}-->
| start           = {{amtk|Toronto}}, Ontario
| end             = {{amtk|New York City}}, New York
| distance        = {{Convert|544|mi|0}}
| journeytime     = 12 {{Frac|1|2}} hours{{efn|Includes time at border control.}}
| frequency       = Daily
| trainnumber     = 63, 64 (Amtrak)<br />97, 98 (Via)
| class           = Coach Class<br />Business Class
| access          = All cars, all stations
| catering        = [[Amfleet#Club cars|Café car]]
| baggage         = Overhead racks
| stock           = [[Amfleet]] coaches
| gauge           = {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}
| speed           = {{Convert|44|mph|abbr=on}}<!-- 544 miles/12.5 hours --> ({{Tooltip|avg.|average speed (including stops)}})<br />{{Convert|110|mph|abbr=on}} ({{Tooltip|top|top speed}})
| owners          = [[Amtrak]], [[Metro-North Railroad|MNRR]], [[CSX Transportation|CSX]], [[Canadian National Railway|CN]], [[Metrolinx]]
| map             = {{Amtrak VIA Maple Leaf}}
| map_state       = collapsed
}}
The '''''Maple Leaf''''' is an international [[passenger train]] service operated by [[Amtrak]] and [[Via Rail]] between [[New York Penn Station]] in [[New York City]] and [[Union Station (Toronto)|Union Station]] in [[Toronto]] via Amtrak's [[Empire Corridor]], and the south western part of Via Rail's [[Quebec City–Windsor Corridor (Via Rail)|Quebec City–Windsor Corridor]].  Daily service is offered in both directions; the {{convert|544|mi|km|adj=on}} trip takes approximately 12 hours, including two hours for U.S. or Canadian [[customs]] and [[immigration]] inspection at either Niagara Falls, New York, or Niagara Falls, Ontario. Although the train uses [[Amtrak rolling stock]] exclusively, the train is operated by Via Rail crews while in Canada and by Amtrak crews in the United States. Service began in 1981.

== History ==
[[File:Whirlpool bridge.jpg|left|thumb|The ''Maple Leaf'' crosses the [[Whirlpool Rapids Bridge]], in 1983.]]
Amtrak and Via Rail introduced the ''Maple Leaf'' along the Hudson River and Erie Canal on April 26, 1981. The ''Maple Leaf'' replaced Buffalo–Toronto connecting service operated by Via and the [[Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo Railway]], the latter of which discontinued passenger service that day. The new ''Maple Leaf'' was the first collaboration between the two companies and the first direct New York–Toronto passenger service in a decade, the last being an overnight TH&B, [[New York Central]], and [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] train called ''The Ontarian'' (Buffalo–Toronto) that ended in 1967. That earlier train began as the ''Cleveland Limited'' westbound, with sleeper passengers having a continuous carriage ride (eastbound riders joined the ''[[Ohio State Limited]]'' for the Buffalo-New York City leg).<ref>Streamliner Schedules, "The Ontarian" timetable, plus consists for other NYC trains of the period with routes from and to Toronto http://www.streamlinerschedules.com/concourse/track6/ontarian196506.html</ref><ref>New York Central timetable, November 5, 1967, final timetable with ''Ontarian''</ref> By contrast, the modern ''Maple Leaf'' was a unified New York City–Toronto train. There was also a New York City–Toronto train named ''[[Maple Leaf (LV train)|Maple Leaf]]'' operated by the [[Lehigh Valley Railroad]] from 1937 until 1961, a train which traveled through northern New Jersey, northeast Pennsylvania and central New York.

The new train employed Amtrak's [[Amfleet]] coaches with a [[dining car|dinette car]]. A 1982 [[consist]] included a baggage car, two coaches and a dinette; time spent in customs ranged from thirty minutes to two hours.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/14/travel/new-york-to-toronto-tra-in.html |title=New York to Toronto Train |last=Malcolm |first=Andrew H. |date=February 14, 1982 |access-date=July 26, 2010 |newspaper=[[New York Times]]}}</ref> The new route goes through the two Niagara Falls towns on both sides of the border, before going to Aldershot in Burlington, then Toronto. The prior New York Central trains crossed from Buffalo to Ontario south of the Niagara Falls and made five stops in Ontario before reaching Toronto.<ref>Streamliner Schedules, "The Ontarian" timetable, plus consists for other NYC trains of the period with routes from and to Toronto http://www.streamlinerschedules.com/concourse/track6/ontarian196506.html</ref><ref>New York Central timetable, November 5, 1967, final timetable with ''Ontarian''</ref>

An Amtrak crew operates the train in the United States, while a Via Rail crew operates the train in Canada.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IaglAAAAIBAJ&pg=5163,2109370&dq=amtrak+maple-leaf&hl=en |title=Amtrak's new Toronto-NY line fills 10-year void; may be a winner |date=April 28, 1981 |access-date=July 26, 2010 |newspaper=[[Miami News]]}}</ref> The crew change takes place in [[Niagara Falls, Ontario]]. Because of this need for a crew exchange, the ''Maple Leaf'' was led by some of the last [[EMD F40PH]] locomotives in Amtrak revenue service. While most Amtrak routes outside the [[Northeast Corridor]] had switched to the [[GE Genesis]] by 2000, it had not been added to the ''Maple Leaf'' owing to the Via Rail crews' unfamiliarity with the unit. The ''Maple Leaf'' retained the F40PH until Via received its own Genesis locomotives in 2002.<ref name="solomon" />{{rp|107}}

The ''Maple Leaf'' is one of four New York Amtrak routes that are primarily state-funded with the others being the ''[[Adirondack (train)|Adirondack]]'', ''[[Empire Service]]'', and ''[[Ethan Allen Express]]''. Primary funding for these routes is from the [[New York State Department of Transportation]] rather than federal funding.

In 2013, the ''Maple Leaf'' was the target of [[2013 Via Rail Canada terrorism plot|a failed terror plot]] involving an attempt by two men, both [[permanent residency in Canada|permanent residents of Canada]], who sought to derail the train as it crossed a bridge over the [[Twenty Mile Creek (Ontario)|Twenty Mile Creek]] near [[Jordan, Ontario]].  The two men were allegedly affiliates of an [[Al-Qaeda]] group operating out of [[Iran]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCABRE93L0YW20130423?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130626000840/http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCABRE93L0YW20130423?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 26, 2013 |title=Canada thwarts "al Qaeda-supported" passenger train plot |last1=Rocha |first1=Euan |date=April 22, 2013 |work=Reuters Canada |access-date=April 23, 2013 |last2=Alastair Sharp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324235304578438973803805096 |title=Canada Thwarts Alleged Plot to Attack Train |last1=Macdonald |first1=Alaistair |date=April 22, 2012 |work=Wall Street Journal |access-date=April 23, 2013 |last2=Siobhan Gorman |last3=David George-Cosh}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Moore |first=Amanda |date=January 13, 2014 |url=http://www.niagarathisweek.com/mobile/news/article/4313523/ |title=Jordan train bridge reportedly target of thwarted terror plot |publisher=Niagarathisweek.com |access-date=January 26, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116132034/http://www.niagarathisweek.com/mobile/news/article/4313523/ |archive-date=January 16, 2014}}</ref>

In March 2020, the ''Maple Leaf'' was truncated to [[Niagara Falls station (New York)|Niagara Falls, New York]] after all non-essential travel across the [[Canada–United States border]] was banned in response to the ongoing [[COVID-19 pandemic in North America|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite press release |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=March 24, 2020 |title=Service Adjustments Due to Coronavirus|url=https://www.amtrak.com/alert/nec-modified-schedule.html |url-status=live |publisher=Amtrak |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325190328/https://www.amtrak.com/alert/nec-modified-schedule.html |archive-date=March 25, 2020 |access-date=March 25, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Dickson|first=Jane|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-trump-confirms-canada-us-to-close-border-to-non-essential-travel/|title=Canada-U.S. border to close except for essential supply chains|date=March 18, 2020|work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=March 18, 2020}}</ref> Via did not provide alternate service on the Canadian side of the border. International service resumed on June 27, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 27, 2022 |title=International train service returns for customers for the first time since 2020 |url=https://media.amtrak.com/2022/06/amtrak-maple-leaf-travelers-can-now-buy-tickets-to-and-from-toronto-with-service-set-to-resume/ |access-date=June 27, 2022 |publisher=Amtrak |language=en}}</ref> The {{lnl|Amtrak|Adirondack}} and ''Maple Leaf'' was combined between New York and Albany–Rensselaer beginning November 10, 2024, due to construction work in the [[East River Tunnels]] limiting capacity at Penn Station.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://media.amtrak.com/2024/11/empire-service-schedule-changes/ |title=Empire Service Schedule Changes |date=November 1, 2024 |publisher=Amtrak}}</ref> This was reversed effective December 2, 2024, through at least March 2025.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://media.amtrak.com/2024/11/governor-hochul-and-amtrak-announce-restoration-of-empire-service-in-time-for-the-holiday-season/ |title=Governor Hochul and Amtrak Announce Restoration of Empire Service in Time for the Holiday Season |publisher=Amtrak |date=November 22, 2024}}</ref>

== Operation ==
=== Equipment ===
[[File:Amtrak Locomotive 106 at Mimico GO Station.jpg|right|thumb|Amtrak locomotive #106 pushing its train east through Toronto's [[Mimico GO Station]].]]
Most ''Maple Leaf'' trains consist of five or six cars hauled by a [[locomotive]].<ref name="tw">{{Cite web |title=Amtrak – Maple Leaf |url=http://www.trainweb.org/usarail/mapleleaf.htm |access-date=December 27, 2022 |website=TrainWeb}}</ref>

The passenger cars are the [[Amfleet]] series built by the [[Budd Company]] between the mid-1970s to early-1980s. Most trains include an [[Amfleet#Club cars|Amfleet club car]] which has a combination of Business Class seating with a Café (food service/lounge) and four or five Coach Class cars.

Between New York City and Albany–Rensselaer, trains are pulled by a [[GE Genesis#P32AC-DM|GE Genesis P32AC-DM]] dual-mode diesel locomotive at speeds up to {{convert|110|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on}}. The locomotives operate on [[third rail]] electric power in Penn Station and the Empire Connection tunnel and on diesel power for the rest of the route.<ref name="vat">{{Cite web |last=Vermont Agency of Transportation |author-link=Vermont Agency of Transportation |date=January 2010 |title=Passenger Rail Equipment Options for the Amtrak Vermonter and Ethan Allen Express |url=http://www.leg.state.vt.us/reports/2010ExternalReports/253921.pdf |access-date=December 29, 2014 |website=Vermont Legislature}}</ref> Between Albany–Rensselaer and Toronto, traditional diesel-only [[GE Genesis#P42DC|GE Genesis P42DC]] locomotives are used, although the P32AC-DM locomotive may occasionally stay on the train all the way to Toronto.

In the coming years all equipment will be replaced with Amtrak Airo trainsets, the railroad's branding of its combination of [[Siemens Venture]] passenger cars and a [[Siemens Charger]] diesel-electric locomotive.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 15, 2022 |title=Introducing Our New Trains: Amtrak Airo |url=https://www.amtrak.com/amtrak-airo |access-date=December 15, 2022 |website=Amtrak |language=en}}</ref> The trainsets for the ''Maple Leaf'' will have six passenger cars, which will include a cab [[control car]] food service area and a mix of 2x2 Coach Class and 2x1 Business Class seating.<ref name="2022 Asset Line Plan">{{Cite web |title=Amtrak FY 2022–2027 Asset Line Plan |url=https://www.amtrak.com/content/dam/projects/dotcom/english/public/documents/corporate/businessplanning/Amtrak-Service-Asset-Line-Plans-FY22-27.pdf |access-date=April 11, 2022 |website=[[Amtrak]] |page=132}}</ref> The car closest to the locomotive will have batteries to supply electricity to traction motors in the locomotive when operating in Penn Station and the Empire Connection tunnel, eliminating the need for third rail propulsion. The arrangement will eliminate the time-consuming locomotive change at Albany–Rensselaer.

=== Classes of service ===
All classes of service include complimentary WiFi, an electric outlet (120 V, 60&nbsp;Hz AC) at each seat, reading lamps, fold-out tray tables. Reservations are required on all trains, tickets may be purchased online, from an agent at some stations, a ticketing machine at most stations, or, at a higher cost, from the conductor on the train.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Travel Guide to Train Fares |url=https://www.amtrak.com/planning-booking/tickets-reservations/guide-to-fares.html |access-date=April 8, 2018 |website=Amtrak}}</ref>
*'''Coach Class''': 2x2 seating. Passengers self-select seats on a first-come, first-served basis.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reserved Coach Class Seat |url=https://www.amtrak.com/onboard/onboard-accommodations-for-all-your-needs/seating-accommodations/reserved-coach.html |access-date=April 8, 2018 |website=Amtrak}}</ref>
*'''Business Class''': 2x1 seating with more legroom than coach. Passengers receive complimentary soft drinks.

=== Route ===
[[File:Amtrak Maple Leaf.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|''Maple Leaf'' route map]]
In the United States, the Maple Leaf shares the route of the ''[[Empire Service]]'', Amtrak's corridor service along the former main line of the [[New York Central Railroad]]. From New York City to Albany, it runs mostly parallel to the Hudson River (viewable on the left side northbound and the right side southbound). In Canada, the service shares the route of [[GO Transit]]'s [[Lakeshore West line|Lakeshore West]] commuter rail line.

Prior to the completion of the [[Empire Connection]] in 1991, the ''Maple Leaf'' originated at [[Grand Central Terminal]] in New York instead of Penn Station.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/07/travel/travel-advisory-grand-central-trains-rerouted-to-penn-station.html |title=Travel Advisory; Grand Central Trains Rerouted To Penn Station |date=April 7, 1991 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 7, 2010}}</ref>

The ''Maple Leaf'' operates over [[Metrolinx]] and [[Canadian National Railway]] trackage in Canada, and [[CSX Transportation]], [[Metro-North Railroad]], and Amtrak trackage in the United States.
*Metrolinx [[Oakville Subdivision]], Toronto to [[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
*CN [[Oakville Subdivision]] and [[Grimsby Subdivision]], Burlington to [[Niagara Falls, NY|Niagara Falls]]
*CSX [[Niagara Subdivision]], [[Buffalo Terminal Subdivision]], [[Rochester Subdivision]], [[Mohawk Subdivision]], [[Selkirk Subdivision]], and [[Hudson Subdivision]], Niagara Falls to [[Schenectady, NY|Schenectady]] (Amtrak leases the Hudson Subdivision between [[Schenectady, NY|Schenectady]] and [[Poughkeepsie, NY|Poughkeepsie]] from CSX)
*MNRR [[Hudson Line (Metro-North)|Hudson Line]], Poughkeepsie to [[Spuyten Duyvil, Bronx|Spuyten Duyvil]]
*Amtrak [[Empire Connection]], Spuyten Duyvil to Penn Station.
*Amtrak Niagara connection, Niagara Falls, NY to CN Niagara Falls Yard (Grimsby Subdivision), Niagara Falls, ON

Amtrak numbers the train as 63 northbound and 64 southbound, while Via numbers it as 97 southbound and 98 northbound.

Northbound trains leave New York during the morning rush, arriving in Syracuse at noon, crossing into Canada during the afternoon rush and arriving in Toronto in early evening. Southbound trains leave Toronto during the morning rush, cross into the United States just after noon and arrive in New York in mid-evening. Trains stop for two hours for customs procedures in Niagara Falls, Ontario northbound and Niagara Falls, New York southbound.

== Stations ==
{|class="wikitable"
!State/<br />Province
!Town/City
![[Railway milepost|Mile (km)]]
!Station
!Connections
|-
|rowspan=6|[[Ontario]]||[[Toronto]]
|{{convert|544|mi|km|abbr=values}}||[[Union Station (Toronto)|Union Station]]||{{rint|ca|via}} [[Via Rail]]: {{rcb|Via Rail|Canadian|inline=square}}, {{rcb|Via Rail|Corridor|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|gotransit|rail}} [[GO Transit rail services|GO Transit Rail]]: {{rint|gotransit|rail|Barrie|x}}&nbsp;[[Barrie line|Barrie]], {{rint|gotransit|rail|Kitchener|x}}&nbsp;[[Kitchener line|Kitchener]], {{rint|gotransit|rail|Milton|x}}&nbsp;[[Milton line|Milton]], {{rint|gotransit|rail|Lakeshore East|x}}&nbsp;[[Lakeshore East line|Lakeshore East]], {{rint|gotransit|rail|Lakeshore West|x}}&nbsp;[[Lakeshore West line|Lakeshore West]], {{rint|gotransit|rail|Richmond Hill|x}}&nbsp;[[Richmond Hill line|Richmond Hill]], {{rint|gotransit|rail|Stouffville|x}}&nbsp;[[Stouffville line|Stouffville]]<br />{{rint|toronto|up}} [[Union Pearson Express]]<br />[[File:TTC.svg|16px]] [[Toronto subway|TTC Rail]]: {{rint|toronto|subway|1}}, {{rint|toronto|streetcar|509|x}}, {{rint|toronto|streetcar|510|x}}<br />{{rint|bus|1}} Local bus: {{rint|gotransit|bus}} [[GO Transit bus services|GO Transit]], {{rint|toronto|bus}} [[Toronto Transit Commission bus system|TTC Bus]]
|-
|[[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]]
|{{convert|523|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Oakville}}||{{rint|ca|via}} Via Rail: {{rcb|Via Rail|Corridor|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|gotransit|rail}} GO Transit Rail: {{rint|gotransit|rail|Lakeshore West|x}}&nbsp;[[Lakeshore West line|Lakeshore West]]<br />{{rint|bus|1}} Local bus: {{rint|gotransit|bus}} GO Transit, [[Oakville Transit]]
|-
|[[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
|{{convert|512|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Aldershot}}||{{rint|ca|via}} Via Rail: {{rcb|Via Rail|Corridor|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|gotransit|rail}} [[GO Transit rail services|GO Transit Rail]]: {{rint|gotransit|rail|Lakeshore West|x}}&nbsp;[[Lakeshore West line|Lakeshore West]]<br />{{rint|bus|1}} Local bus: {{rint|gotransit|bus}} GO Transit, [[Burlington Transit]], [[Hamilton Street Railway]]
|-
|[[Grimsby, Ontario|Grimsby]]
|{{convert|488|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{stn|Grimsby||Via Rail}}||
|-
|[[St. Catharines]]
|{{convert|473|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|St. Catharines}}||{{rint|gotransit|rail}} GO Transit Rail: {{rint|gotransit|rail|Lakeshore West|x}}&nbsp;[[Lakeshore West line|Lakeshore West]]<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Niagara Region Transit]]
|-
|[[Niagara Falls, Ontario|Niagara Falls]]
|{{convert|462|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Niagara Falls, Ontario}}||{{rint|gotransit|rail}} GO Transit Rail: {{rint|gotransit|rail|Lakeshore West|x}}&nbsp;[[Lakeshore West line|Lakeshore West]]<br />{{rint|bus|1}} Local bus: {{rint|gotransit|bus}} GO Transit, [[Niagara Region Transit]], [[WEGO Niagara Falls Visitor Transportation|WEGO]]
|-
! colspan="5" |[[Canada–United States border]]
|-
|rowspan=17|[[New York (state)|New York]]
|[[Niagara Falls, New York|Niagara Falls]]
|{{convert|461|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Niagara Falls, New York}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} [[Amtrak]]: ''[[Empire Service]]''
|-
|[[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]]
|{{convert|437|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Buffalo–Exchange Street}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service'', [[Amtrak Thruway|Thruway]] to [[Jamestown, New York|Jamestown, NY]]<br />{{rint|tram|1}} [[Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority|NFTA]]: {{rcb|NFTA|Metro Rail|inline=route}}
|-
|[[Depew, New York|Depew]]
|{{convert|431|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Buffalo–Depew}}|| {{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service'', ''[[Lake Shore Limited]]''
|-
|[[Rochester, New York|Rochester]]
|{{convert|370|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Rochester}}|| {{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service'', ''Lake Shore Limited''
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]]
| ||{{amtk|New York State Fair}}||Train only stops during the [[New York State Fair]]
|-
|{{convert|291|mi|km|abbr=values}}
|{{amtk|Syracuse}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service'', ''Lake Shore Limited''<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Central New York Regional Transportation Authority|CENTRO]]
|-
|[[Rome, New York|Rome]]
|{{convert|250|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Rome}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service''
|-
|[[Utica, New York|Utica]]
|{{convert|237|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Utica}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service'', ''Lake Shore Limited''<br />{{rint|heritage|rail}} [[Adirondack Railroad]] to [[Thendara, New York]]<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Central New York Regional Transportation Authority|CENTRO]]
|-
|[[Amsterdam, New York|Amsterdam]]
|{{convert|177|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Amsterdam}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Empire Service''
|-
|[[Schenectady, New York|Schenectady]]
|{{convert|159|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Schenectady}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: {{lnl|Amtrak|Adirondack}}, ''Empire Service'', ''[[Ethan Allen Express]]'', ''Lake Shore Limited''<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Capital District Transportation Authority]]
|-
|[[Rensselaer, New York|Rensselaer]]
|{{convert|141|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Albany–Rensselaer}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Adirondack'', ''[[Berkshire Flyer]]'', ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express'', ''Lake Shore Limited''<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Capital District Transportation Authority]]
|-
|[[Hudson, New York|Hudson]]
|{{convert|114|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Hudson}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Adirondack'', ''Berkshire Flyer'', ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express''
|-
|[[Rhinecliff, New York|Rhinecliff]]
|{{convert|88|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Rhinecliff}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Adirondack'', ''Berkshire Flyer'', ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express''
|-
|[[Poughkeepsie, New York|Poughkeepsie]]
|{{convert|73|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Poughkeepsie}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Adirondack'', ''Berkshire Flyer'', ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express''<br />{{rint|newyork|mnr}} [[Metro-North Railroad]]: {{rcb|Metro-North Railroad|Hudson|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Dutchess County Public Transit]], [[Ulster County Area Transit]]
|-
|[[Croton-on-Hudson, New York|Croton-on-Hudson]]
|{{convert|32|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Croton–Harmon}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Adirondack'', ''Berkshire Flyer'', ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express'', ''Lake Shore Limited''<br />{{rint|newyork|mnr}} Metro-North Railroad: {{rcb|Metro-North Railroad|Hudson|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[Bee-Line Bus System]]
|-
|[[Yonkers, New York|Yonkers]]
|{{convert|14|mi|km|abbr=values}}||{{amtk|Yonkers}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: ''Adirondack'', ''Berkshire Flyer'', ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express''<br />{{rint|newyork|mnr}} Metro-North Railroad: {{rcb|Metro-North Railroad|Hudson|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|bus|1}} Bee-Line Bus System
|-
|[[New York City]]
|0||[[New York Penn Station|Penn Station]]||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak (long-distance): {{lnl|Amtrak|Cardinal}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Crescent}}, ''Lake Shore Limited'', {{lnl|Amtrak|Palmetto}},  ''[[Silver Meteor]]''<br />{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak (intercity): {{lnl|Amtrak|Acela}}, ''Adirondack'', ''Berkshire Flyer'', {{lnl|Amtrak|Carolinian}}, ''Empire Service'', ''Ethan Allen Express'', ''[[Keystone Service]]'', {{lnl|Amtrak|Northeast Regional}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Pennsylvanian}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Vermonter}}<br />{{rint|newyork|lirr}} Long Island Rail Road: {{rcb|LIRR|City Terminal Zone|inline=square}}, {{rcb|LIRR|Port Washington|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|njt}} [[NJ Transit Rail Operations|NJ Transit]]: {{rcb|NJ Transit|North Jersey Coast|inline=square}}, {{rcb|NJ Transit|Northeast Corridor|inline=square}}, {{rcb|NJ Transit|Gladstone|inline=square}}, {{rcb|NJ Transit|Montclair-Boonton|inline=square}}, {{rcb|NJ Transit|Morristown|inline=square}}<br />{{rint|newyork|subway}} [[New York City Subway|NYC Subway]]: {{NYCS Broadway-Seventh|time=bullets}}{{NYCS Eighth south|time=bullets}}<br />{{rint|path}} [[PATH (rail system)|PATH]]: {{rcb|PATH|HOB-33|inline=route}} {{rcb|PATH|JSQ-33|inline=route}} {{rcb|PATH|JSQ-33 (via HOB)|inline=route}}<br />{{rint|bus|1}} [[MTA Regional Bus Operations|NYC Transit Bus]]
|}

== See also ==
* ''[[Amtrak Cascades|Cascades]]''
* ''[[Montrealer (train)|Montrealer]]''

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="solomon">{{Solomon-Amtrak}}</ref>
}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Maple Leaf (train)}}
{{Wikivoyage|Maple Leaf}}
*{{amtrak web|route=yes}}
*[https://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/trains/ontario-and-quebec/toronto-niagara-falls/train-cars Via Rail Canada – Toronto–Niagara Falls train]

{{Amtrak routes}}
{{VIA Rail}}

{{italic title}}

[[Category:Amtrak routes]]
[[Category:Named passenger trains of Canada]]
[[Category:Named passenger trains of Ontario]]
[[Category:International named passenger trains]]
[[Category:Passenger rail transport in Toronto]]
[[Category:Passenger rail transport in Mississauga]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Oakville, Ontario]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Burlington, Ontario]]
[[Category:Passenger rail transport in Hamilton, Ontario]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Grimsby, Ontario]]
[[Category:Rail transport in the Regional Municipality of Niagara]]
[[Category:Passenger rail transportation in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 1981]]
[[Category:1981 establishments in New York (state)]]