Editing Martin Newell (computer scientist)

{{short description|American computer scientist}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Martin Edward Newell
|image             = 
|image_size       = 150px
|caption           = 
|birth_date        = 
|birth_place       = 
|death_date        = 
|death_place       = 
|residence         = 
|citizenship       = 
|nationality       = English<br/>American 
|ethnicity         = 
|field             = 
|work_institutions = [[CADCentre]]<br/>[[University of Utah]]<br/>[[Xerox PARC]]<br/>[[CADLINC]]<br/>[[Ashlar-Vellum|Ashlar]]<br/>[[Adobe Systems|Adobe]]
|alma_mater        = [[University of Utah]]
| thesis_title = The Utilization of Procedure Models in Digital Image Synthesis
| thesis_year = 1975
| thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/302791043
|doctoral_advisor  = 
|doctoral_students = 
|known_for         = [[Utah Teapot]]<ref name="teapot">{{Cite book | last1 = Torrence | first1 = A. | title = ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Teapot on - SIGGRAPH '06 | chapter = Martin Newell's original teapot | doi = 10.1145/1180098.1180128 | pages = 29 | year = 2006 | isbn = 1595933646 | s2cid = 23272447 }}</ref><br/>[[Newell's algorithm]]
|author_abbrev_bot = 
|author_abbrev_zoo = 
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|prizes            = Elected member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]]
|religion          = 
|footnotes         = 
|signature         =
| website = {{URL|http://academic.research.microsoft.com/Author/478161}}
}}
'''Martin Edward Newell''' is a British-born [[computer scientist]] specializing in [[computer graphics]] who is perhaps best known as the creator of the [[Utah teapot]] computer model.

==Career==
Before emigrating to the US, he worked at what was then the Computer-Aided Design Centre ([[AVEVA|CADCentre]]) in Cambridge, UK,<ref>{{citation|title=Some Personal Recollections on Graphics Standards|first=Andries|last=van Dam|author-link=Andries van Dam|journal=SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Newsletter|volume=32|issue=1|year=1998|url=http://www.siggraph.org/publications/newsletter/v32n1/columns/carson.html|access-date=26 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220024407/http://www.siggraph.org/publications/newsletter/v32n1/columns/carson.html|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=dead}}.</ref> along with his brother [[Dick Newell]] (who went on to co-found two of the most important UK graphics software companies – Cambridge Interactive Systems (CIS) in 1977 and [[Smallworld]] in 1987). At CADCentre, the two Newells and Tom Sancha developed [[Newell's algorithm]], a technique for eliminating cyclic dependencies when ordering polygons to be drawn by a computer graphics system.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sutherland | first1 = E. E. | last2 = Sproull | first2 = R. F. | last3 = Schumacker | first3 = R. A. | title = A Characterization of Ten Hidden-Surface Algorithms | doi = 10.1145/356625.356626 | journal = ACM Computing Surveys | volume = 6 | pages = 1–55 | year = 1974 | s2cid = 14222390 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Newell | first1 = M. E. | last2 = Newell | first2 = R. G. | last3 = Sancha | first3 = T. L. | doi = 10.1145/800193.569954 | chapter = A solution to the hidden surface problem | title = Proceedings of the ACM annual conference on – ACM'72 | volume = 1 | pages = 443 | year = 1972 | s2cid = 13829930 }}</ref><ref name="microsoft">{{AcademicSearch|478161}}</ref>

[[File:Utah teapot simple 2.png|thumb|The [[Utah teapot]], a model by Martin Newell (1975).]]

Newell developed the [[Utah teapot]] while working on a Ph.D. at the [[University of Utah]],<ref name="teapot"/><ref name="newellphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Martin|last=Newell |title=The Utilization of Procedure Models in Digital Image Synthesis |publisher=University of Utah |date=1975 |author-link=Martin Newell (computer scientist)|id={{ProQuest|302791043}}}}</ref> where he also helped develop a version of the [[painter's algorithm]] for [[Rendering (computer graphics)|rendering]]. He graduated in 1975, and was on the Utah faculty from 1977 to 1979.<ref name="uusc">[http://www.cs.utah.edu/dept/history/ History of the University of Utah School of Computing], retrieved 2010-01-26.</ref> Later he worked at [[Xerox PARC]], where he worked on JaM, a predecessor of [[PostScript]]. JaM stood for "John and Martin" – the John was [[John Warnock]], co-founder of [[Adobe Systems]].<ref>[http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2418 Adobe Co-founder John Warnock on the Competitive Advantages of Aesthetics and the 'Right' Technology], ''Knowledge@Wharton'', [[The Wharton School]], 20 January 2010.</ref>

Newell departed Xerox PARC to join CADLINC Inc.,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://historyofinformation.com/detail.php?entryid=1213 | title=Origins & Early Development of Scalable Digital Type Fonts at Xerox PARC : History of Information }}</ref> a factory automation startup, as VP of Advanced Development.  
There he led the development of a variety of CAD/CAM software applications, such as CimCAD (a 3-D drafting program)
<ref>{{cite web | url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/cadlinc_implements_its_cim_cad_3d_package_for_suns_386i_workstations | title=CADLINC IMPLEMENTS ITS CIM CAD 3D PACKAGE FOR SUN's 386i WORKSTATIONS | date=February 1989 }}</ref> 
and Intelligent Documentation 
<ref>{{cite web | url=https://trademarks.justia.com/owners/cimlinc-incorporated-316211/ | title=CIMLINC INCORPORATED Trademarks :: Justia Trademarks }}</ref> 
(an early electronic document editor integrating text, graphics, and information from relational databases).

He departed CADLINC to found the [[computer-aided design]] software company [[Ashlar-Vellum|Ashlar]] in 1988.<ref name="uusc"/> In 2007, Newell was elected a member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]] for contributions to computer-graphics modeling, rendering, and printing.<ref name="nae">[http://www.nae.edu/30994.aspx Dr. Martin E. Newell] in the NAE Members Directory, retrieved 2014-06-27.</ref>  He recently retired as an Adobe Fellow at [[Adobe Systems]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Newell, Martin}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:University of Utah alumni]]
[[Category:University of Utah faculty]]
[[Category:British emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:British computer scientists]]
[[Category:British technology company founders]]
[[Category:American computer scientists]]
[[Category:Computer graphics researchers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Scientists at PARC (company)]]


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