Editing Mauzac (grape)

{{Short description|Variety of grape}}
{{About|the white grape|the red grape|Mauzac noir}}
{{Infobox grape variety
| name            = Mauzac
| color           = Blanc
| image           = Mauzac Viala et Vermorel.jpg
| caption         = Mauzac in Viala & Vermorel
| species         = ''[[Vitis vinifera]]''
| also_called     = Blanquette [[#Synonyms|et cetera]]
| origin          = [[South West France (wine region)|South West France]]
| regions         = [[Gaillac AOC|Gaillac]], [[Limoux wine|Limoux]]
| notable_wines   = [[Blanquette de Limoux]]
}}

'''Mauzac''' or '''Mauzac blanc''' is a white [[variety (botany)|variety]] of [[grape]] used for [[wine]], of the species ''[[Vitis vinifera]]''. It is mainly grown in the [[Gaillac AOC|Gaillac]] and [[Limoux wine|Limoux]] regions in southwest [[France]]. Total French plantations of Mauzac stood at {{convert|3200|ha}} in the year 2000.<ref name=OCW-mauzac>{{cite encyclopedia |editor=Jancis Robinson |editor-link=Jancis Robinson |encyclopedia=[[Oxford Companion to Wine]] |edition=Third |title=Mauzac |year=2006 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=0-19-860990-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00janc/page/431 431] |url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00janc/page/431 }}</ref>

Gaillac's aromatic [[wine]]s are blended with [[Len de l'El]] to create mildly sweet and sparkling white blended wines. Since the late 1980s, some Gaillac producers have created an interest in Mauzac by producing better wines. In Limoux, Mauzac is a compulsory part of the [[Limoux wine|Blanquette de Limoux]], where it may be blended with [[Chenin blanc]] and [[Chardonnay]]. However, in Limoux, plantations of Mauzac are decreasing as it is losing ground to Chardonnay.<ref name=OCW-mauzac/> The grape is also one of the seven permitted white varieties in [[Bordeaux wine]].<ref>{{cite web |last= Anson |first= Jane, ''Decanter.com'' |title= Petit Verdot on the rise in Bordeaux |url= http://www.decanter.com/news/140404.html |date= August 31, 2007 |access-date= August 7, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090418004711/http://www.decanter.com/news/140404.html |archive-date= April 18, 2009  }}</ref>

Mauzac buds and ripens late, and was traditionally picked quite late, when temperatures had dropped in Limoux. This allowed for slow fermentation  preserving residual sugar for a "natural" second fermentation in the spring, creating a sparkling wine. Today, it is more common to pick Mauzac earlier, giving a more crisp wine with higher acidity, but also without much of its particular aromas.<ref name=OCW-mauzac/>

==Other colors==
[[File:Mauzac Roux.jpg|thumb|Mauzac Rose grapes]]
While Mauzac almost always refers to Mauzac blanc there are also Mauzac varieties with other skin colors; '''Mauzac rose'''<ref>[http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=7524 Vitis International Variety Catalogue: Mauzac rose] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422110015/http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=7524 |date=2012-04-22 }}, accessed on October 5, 2009</ref> and ''[[Mauzac noir]]''.<ref>[http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=7523 Vitis International Variety Catalogue: Mauzac noir] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422110032/http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=7523 |date=2012-04-22 }}, accessed on October 5, 2009</ref> Both of these are very rare in cultivation. While Mauzac rose is a [[color mutation]] of Mauzac blanc, Mauzac noir is a distinct variety whose relationship to Mauzac is unclear.<ref name="Wine Grapes">J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs 608-609 Allen Lane 2012 {{ISBN|978-1-846-14446-2}}</ref> Some further distinguish other variants of Mauzac blanc, including '''Mauzac vert''' (green Mauzac), '''Mauzac roux''' (russet Mauzac), and '''Mauzac jaune''' (yellow Mauzac).<ref>{{cite book |title=Traité général de viticulture |volume=2: ampélographie |author=Pierre Viala |author2=Victor Vermorel |author3=Alexis Kreÿder |author4=J. Troncy |year=1901 |language=fr |page=[https://archive.org/details/traitegeneralvol02unse/page/n307/mode/2up 145]}}</ref>

==Synonyms==
Mauzac blanc, or wine made with substantial proportions of it, is known under the following synonyms:<ref>[http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=7522 Vitis International Variety Catalogue: Mauzac blanc] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422110011/http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=7522 |date=2012-04-22 }}, accessed on October 5, 2009</ref> Aiguillon, Becquin, Bekin, Bequin, Blanc Lafitte, Blanquette, Blanquette Aventice, Blanquette de Limoux, Blanquette Sucrée, Caspre, Clairac, Feuille Ronde, Gaillac, Gaillade, Gamet blanc, Manzac, Maousac, Mausac, Maussac, Mauza, Mauza blanca, Meauzac, Moisac, Moissac, Moysac, Mozac, Mozak Belyi, Peron, Perrond, Pied Rond, Plant de Gaillac, Primard, Queue Fort, Queue Roide, and Sudunais.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:White wine grape varieties]]