Editing Monday

{{short description|Day of the week}}
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[[File:Galileo moon phases.jpg|right|thumb|[[Galileo]]'s 1616 drawings of the [[Moon]] and its phases. Monday is named after the Moon in many languages.]]

'''Monday''' is the [[day of the week]] that takes place between [[Sunday]] and [[Tuesday]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/monday|title=Monday Meaning|website=Cambridge Dictionary}}</ref> According to the [[International Organization for Standardization]]'s [[ISO 8601]] standard, it is the first [[day]] of the [[week]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISO 8601-1:2019(en) Date and time — Representations for information interchange — Part 1: Basic rules |url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/en/#iso:std:iso:8601:-1:ed-1:v1:en |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=www.iso.org}}</ref>

==Names==
{{further|Names of the days of the week}}
[[File:Máni and Sól by Lorenz Frølich.jpg|thumb|A depiction of [[Máni]], the personified moon, and his sister [[Sól (Sun)|Sól]], the personified sun, from [[Norse mythology]] (1895) by [[Lorenz Frølich]]]]
The names of the day of the week were coined in the [[Roman Empire|Roman era]], in [[Greek language|Greek]] and Latin, in the case of Monday as
ἡμέρᾱ [[Selene|Σελήνης]], ''diēs Lūnae'' "day of the Moon".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/monday|title=monday|website=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref>

Many languages use either terms directly derived from these names or loan translations based on them.
The English noun ''Monday'' derived sometime before 1200 from ''monedæi'', which itself developed from [[Old English]] (around 1000) ''mōnandæg'' and ''mōndæg'' (literally meaning "[[moon]]'s day"), which has cognates in other [[Germanic languages]], including [[Old Frisian]] ''mōnadeig'', [[Middle Low German]] and [[Middle Dutch]] ''mānendag, mānendach'' (modern [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''Maandag''), [[Old High German]] ''mānetag'' (modern [[German language|German]] ''Montag''), and [[Old Norse]] ''mánadagr'' ([[Swedish language|Swedish]] and [[Norwegian language|Norwegian nynorsk]] ''måndag'', [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] ''mánudagur''. [[Danish language|Danish]] and [[Norwegian language|Norwegian bokmål]] ''mandag''). The Germanic term is a [[Interpretatio graeca|Germanic interpretation]] of [[Latin]] ''lunae dies'' ("day of the moon").<ref name=BARNHART485>Barnhart (1995:485).</ref>
[[Japanese language|Japanese]] and [[Korean language|Korean]] share the same ancient [[Written Chinese|Chinese words]] '月曜日' ([[Hiragana]]:げつようび, [[Transliteration|translit.]] ''getsuyо̄bi'', [[Hangeul]]:월요일) for Monday which means "day of the moon".
In many [[Indo-Aryan languages]], the word for Monday is ''Somavāra'' or ''Chandravāra'',  [[Sanskrit]] loan-translations of "Monday".<ref>{{cite web |url= https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.4.soas.773773 |archive-url = https://archive.today/20121215020336/http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.4.soas.773773 |url-status= dead |archive-date = 15 December 2012 |title= sōmavāra 13610|access-date= 21 February 2010 |last= Turner |author-link = Ralph Lilley Turner |year = 1962 |work= A comparative dictionary of the Indo-Aryan languages. London: Oxford University Press |publisher= Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago |page= 784 |quote= sōmavāra 13610 sōmavāra masculine 'Monday' inscription [sṓma the plant, vāra 2 meaning day]}}</ref>

In some cases, the "ecclesiastical" names are used, a tradition of numbering the days of the week to avoid the pagan connotation of the planetary or deities’ names, and to keep with the biblical name, in which Monday is the "second day" (Hebrew יום שני, Greek Δευτέρα ἡμέρα (''Deutéra hēméra''), Latin ''feria secunda, Arabic الأثنين'').
In many [[Slavic languages]] the name of the day translates to "after Sunday/holiday". [[Russian language|Russian]] ''понедельник'' (''ponyedyelnik'') literally translated, Monday means "next to the week", по "next to" or "on" недельник "(the) week" [[Croatian language|Croatian]] and [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] ''ponedjeljak'', [[Serbian language|Serbian]] ''понедељак'' (''ponedeljak''), [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] ''понеділок'' (''ponedilok''), [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] ''понеделник'' (''ponedelnik''), [[Polish language|Polish]] ''poniedziałek'', [[Czech language|Czech]] ''pondělí'', [[Slovak language|Slovak]] ''pondelok'', [[Slovenian language|Slovenian]] ''ponedeljek''. In Turkish it is called ''pazartesi'', which also means "after Sunday".

==Arrangement in the week==
Historically, the Greco-Roman week began with Sunday (''dies solis''), and Monday (''dies lunae'') was the second day of the week.<ref name=":0" /> It is still the custom to refer to Monday as ''feria secunda'' in the  [[Liturgical year|liturgical calendar]] of the [[Catholic Church]]. [[Religious Society of Friends|Quakers]] also traditionally referred to Monday as "Second Day".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iymc.org/calendarnames.html |title=Guide to Quaker Calendar Names |author=<!--Not stated--> |publisher=Iowa Yearly Meeting (Conservative) Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) |access-date=30 March 2017 |quote=In the 20th Century, many Friends began accepting the use of the common date names, feeling that any pagan meaning has been forgotten. The numerical names continue to be used, however, in many documents and more formal situations."}}</ref>

The [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] and the [[Greek language|Greek]] (Eastern Orthodox Church) also retain the ecclesiastical tradition (Portuguese ''segunda-feira'', Greek ''Δευτέρα'' "''deutéra''" "second"). [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], whose [[Vietnamese alphabet#Creation of chữ Quốc ngữ|Latin-based alphabet]] was originally [[romanization|romanized]] by Portuguese [[Jesuits|Jesuit]] [[missionary|missionaries]], adopted this convention and thus also refers to Monday as Second Day (''thứ Hai''). Likewise, the [[Modern Hebrew]] name for Monday is ''yom-sheni'' (יום שני).

While in North America, Sunday is the first day of the week, the Geneva-based [[International Organization for Standardization]] places Monday as the first day of the week in its [[ISO 8601]] standard. Monday is ''xīngqīyī (星期一)'' in [[Chinese language|Chinese]], meaning "day one of the week".

==Religious observances==

=== Christianity ===
The [[early Christianity|early Christian]] [[Didache]] warned believers not to fast on Mondays to avoid [[Judaizers|Judaizing]] (see [[#Judaism|below]]), and suggested fasting on Wednesdays instead.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Didache 8 |url=https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/research_sites/cjl/sites/partners/cbaa_seminar/didache.htm}}</ref>

In the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], Mondays are days on which the [[Angel]]s are commemorated. The [[Octoechos (liturgy)|Octoechos]] contains [[hymn]]s on this theme, arranged in an eight-week cycle, which are chanted on Mondays throughout the year. At the end of [[Divine Services]] on Mondays, the [[dismissal (liturgy)|dismissal]] begins with the words: "May Christ our True God, through the [[intercession]]s, of his most-pure [[Theotokos|Mother]], of the honorable, Bodiless Powers (i.e., the angels) of [[Heaven]]…". In many Eastern [[monastery|monasteries]] Mondays are observed as [[Fasting#Eastern Orthodoxy|fast days]]; because Mondays are dedicated to the angels, and [[monk]]s strive to live an angelic life. In these monasteries, the monks abstain from meat, fowl, dairy products, fish, wine and oil (if a [[feast day]] occurs on a Monday, fish, wine and oil may be allowed, depending upon the particular feast).

Members of the [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] spend one evening per week, called [[Family Home Evening]] (FHE) or Family Night.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dollahite |first1=David |last2=Marks |first2=Loren |title=Mormons' Weekly Family Ritual Is an Antidote to Fast-Paced Living |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/03/mormon-family-home-evening/556658/ |journal=[[The Atlantic]]|date=29 March 2018 }}</ref> This is usually a Monday, when families are encouraged to spend time together in study, prayer and other family activities.

===Hinduism===
In [[Hinduism]], Mondays are associated with the [[Hindu god]] of the moon [[Chandra]] or Soma. In several [[Languages of South Asia|South Asian languages]], Monday is knowns as ''Somavara'' or ''Somavaram''. Hindus who fast on Mondays do so in dedication to the deity [[Shiva]]. Some observe the ''Solah Somvar Vrat'', which is a fast of sixteen Mondays dedicated to Shiva in hopes of getting married and finding a suitable partner. Fasting on Mondays in the Hindu month of [[Shravana (month)|Shravana]] is also considered auspicious as it is one of the holiest months to Hindus and dedicated to Shiva and his consort [[Parvati]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pujayagna.com/blogs/hindu-fasting-days/somvar-vrat-monday-fast | title=Somvar Vrat }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://pujayagna.com/blogs/hindu-fasting-days/shravan-somvar-vrat-monday-fast | title=Shravan Somvar Vrat }}</ref>

=== Islam ===
In [[Islam]], Mondays are one of the days in a week in which Muslims are encouraged to do [[Fasting in Islam#Days of voluntary fasting|voluntary fasting]], the other being Thursdays.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fasting Six Days of Shawwal on Mondays and Thursdays - Islam Question & Answer |url=https://islamqa.info/en/answers/106468/fasting-six-days-of-shawwal-on-mondays-and-thursdays |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=islamqa.info |language=en}}</ref> 

There are a number of [[Hadith]] which narrated of [[Muhammad]] fasting on these days. According to the same Hadith, Muhammad was born on a Monday. It is also narrated that he received his [[Muhammad's first revelation|first revelation]] (which would later become [[Quran|the Quran]]) on Monday.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elias |first=Abu Amina |date=2019-04-15 |title=Hadith on Fasting: Recommendation to fast Monday, three days a month |url=https://www.abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2019/04/15/fast-monday-three-per-month/ |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.abuaminaelias.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Judaism ===
In [[Judaism]], Mondays are considered auspicious days for fasting. 

In Judaism, a small portion of the weekly [[Parashah]] in [[Torah]] is read in public on Monday and Thursday mornings, as a supplement for the [[Saturday]] reading). Special penitential prayers are recited on Monday unless there is a special occasion for happiness which cancels them. According to the Mishna and Talmud, these traditions are due to Monday and Thursday being "the market days" when people gathered from the towns to the city.

A tradition of [[Ashkenazi Jews]] to voluntarily fast on the first consecutive Monday, Thursday and Monday of the Hebrew month is prevalent among the ultra-orthodox.

In Hebrew, Monday is called "Yom Shení", literally meaning "Second Day", following the biblical reference to the sabbath day as the "Seventh-day" and the tradition of that day being on [[Saturday]]. It has been established that the phonetic and cultural link between the planet Saturn, Saturday and the Sabbath day is of ancient Mesopotamian origin.<ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/751082 Saturn Jews], Eric Zafran Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. See also [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem|Hebrew University]] Professor [[Moshe Idel]]'s book, Saturn Jews, and Shlomo Sela's article [https://katz.sas.upenn.edu/resources/blog/saturn-and-jews Saturn and the Jews] (University of Pennsylvania) about trends in late Judaism distancing it from the link between the Sabbath day and Saturn.</ref>

==Cultural references==
[[Image:PostcardMondayMorningInNewYorkCity1907.jpg|thumb|right|This postcard, sent in 1907 and captioned "Monday Morning in N. Y. City", reflects the tradition of Monday as a day for washing clothes.]]

A number of popular songs in Western culture portray Mondays often as days of depression, anxiety, avolition, hysteria, or melancholy (mostly because of its association with the first day of the workweek). Mondays are also portrayed as days of boredom and bad luck, especially for many people in their school years, who have to go back to school every Monday after having no school on Saturday and Sunday, which can make them grow a hatred for Mondays. For example, "[[Monday, Monday]]" (1966) from the [[The Mamas & the Papas|Mamas & the Papas]]; "[[Rainy Days and Mondays]]" (1971) from the [[The Carpenters|Carpenters]]; Monday, Monday, Monday (2002) from [[Tegan and Sara]]; and "[[Manic Monday]]" (1986) from the [[The Bangles|Bangles]] (written by [[Prince (musician)|Prince]]).

There is a band named the [[Happy Mondays]] and an American pop-punk band [[Hey Monday]].

The popular comic strip character [[Garfield (character)|Garfield]] by Jim Davis is well known for his hatred for Mondays, mostly accompanied by the catchphrase “I hate Mondays.”<ref>{{cite news|last1=Minow|first1=Neil|title=Jim Davis Explains Why Garfield Loves Lasagna and Hates Mondays and Why People Love Garfield|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nell-minow/jim-davis-explains-why-ga_b_6094892.html|access-date=28 March 2016|date=3 November 2014}}</ref>

In the [[United Kingdom]], more people commit suicide in [[England]] and [[Wales]] on Mondays than other days of the week;<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/aug/26/health.medicineandhealth1 | location=London | work=The Guardian | title=Monday is most common day for suicide | first=John | last=Carvel | date=26 August 2005}}</ref> more people in the country in general call in sick;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.taragana.com/health/2009/11/10/monday-is-the-most-popular-sick-day-15333/ |title=Monday is 'the most popular sick day' |publisher=Blog.taragana.com |date=10 November 2009 |access-date=30 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100427040621/http://blog.taragana.com/health/2009/11/10/monday-is-the-most-popular-sick-day-15333/ |archive-date=27 April 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and more people worldwide surf the web.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.onestat.com/html/aboutus_pressbox19.html |title=OneStat Website Statistics and website metrics – Press Room |publisher=Onestat.com |date=9 April 2003 |access-date=30 April 2013 |archive-date=30 April 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030430050339/http://www.onestat.com/html/aboutus_pressbox19.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In July 2002, the consulting firm [[PricewaterhouseCoopers]] announced that it would rename its consultancy practice "Monday", and would spend $110 million over the next year to establish the brand. When [[IBM]] acquired the consultancy three months later it chose not to retain the new name.<ref>{{cite web|last=Blakely |first=Beth |url=http://www.techrepublic.com/article/monday-pwc-consultings-new-name-creates-controversy-cackles/ |title=Monday: PwC Consulting's new name creates controversy, cackles &#124; TechRepublic |date=17 July 2002 |publisher=Articles.techrepublic.com.com |access-date=30 April 2013}}</ref>

On October 17, 2022, [[Guinness World Records]] announced on [[Twitter]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guiness World Records: "we're officially giving monday the record of the worst day of the week." |url=https://twitter.com/gwr/status/1581920448555544576 |access-date=2022-10-21 |website=Twitter |language=en}}</ref> that Monday is the '<nowiki/>''Worst Day of the Week''', to the dismay of some people.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-18 |title=Guinness World Records declares Monday the worst day of the week. Netizens react |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-globally/guinness-world-records-declares-monday-the-worst-day-of-the-week-8216322/ |access-date=2022-10-21 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Guinness World Records Officially Declares Monday 'Worst Day Of The Week' |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/guinness-world-records-officially-declares-monday-worst-day-of-the-week-3441513 |access-date=2022-10-21 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

==Named days==
* [[Big Monday]]
* [[Black Monday]]
* [[Blue Monday (date)|Blue Monday]]
* [[Clean Monday]] (Ash Monday)
* [[Cyber Monday]]
* [[Easter Monday]], also Bright Monday or Wet Monday
* [[Handsel Monday]]
* [[Lundi Gras]]
* [[Mad Monday]]
* [[Miracle Monday]]
* [[Plough Monday]]
* [[Shrove Monday]]
* [[Wet Monday]]
* [[Whit Monday]]

==See also==
{{Wiktionary|Monday}}
* [[Monday Club]]
* [[Monday demonstration (disambiguation)|Monday demonstration]]s
* ''[[Monday Night Football]]''
* [[WWE Raw|''Monday Night Raw'']]
* ''[[WCW Monday Nitro]]''
* [[Monday Night Wars|Monday Night War]]
* [[Saint Monday]]
* [[Cleveland Elementary School shooting (San Diego)]], purportedly carried out due to dislike for Mondays

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{sisterlinks|d=Q105|c=Category:Monday|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}}
* [[Robert Barnhart|Barnhart, Robert K.]] (1995). ''The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology''. [[HarperCollins]]. {{ISBN|0-06-270084-7}}

{{Days of the week}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}

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[[Category:Monday| ]]
[[Category:Days of the week|1 Monday]]
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