Editing Moscow Zoo

{{Short description|Zoo in Russia}}
{{Infobox zoo
|zoo_name=Moscow Zoo
|image=[[file:Moscow 05-2017 img25 Zoo main entrance.jpg|250px]]
|image_caption=The Moscow Zoo entrance.
|logo= 
|logo_width=
|logo_caption=
|date_opened={{start date and age|1864|01|31|df=yes}}<ref name="worldwalk"/>
|location=[[Moscow]], [[Russia]]
|coordinates={{Coord|55|45|43|N|37|34|38|E|region:RU_type:landmark|display=it}}
|area={{Convert|21.5|ha|abbr=on}}
|num_species=1,267 (2019)
|num_animals=10,531 (2019)
| publictransit     = {{MOSMETRO-bull|7|}} [[Barrikadnaya]]  <br /> {{MOSMETRO-bull|5|}} [[Krasnopresnenskaya]]
|exhibits =
|members=[[Eurasian Regional Association of Zoos and Aquariums|EARAZA]],<ref name="earaza_list"/> [[European Association of Zoos and Aquaria|EAZA]],<ref name="eaza_list"/> [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums|WAZA]]<ref name="waza_list"/>
|website=http://moscowzoo.ru/
}}

The '''Moscow Zoo''' or '''Moskovsky Zoopark''' ({{langx|ru|Московский зоопарк}}) is a {{Convert|21.5|ha|adj=on}} [[zoo]], the largest in [[Russia]]. 

== History ==
The Moscow Zoo was founded in 1864 by professor-biologists, K.F. Rulje, S.A. Usov and A.P. Bogdanov, from the [[Moscow State University]]. In 1919, the zoo was nationalized. In 1922, the ownership was transferred to the [[Government of Moscow]] and has remained under their control ever since.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Spitsin |first=Vladimir |title=Moscow Zoo, Encyclopedia of the World's Zoos, Volume 2 |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |year=2001 |isbn=1-57958-174-9 |pages=830, 834}}</ref>

The zoo had an area of {{Convert|10|ha}} when it first opened, with 286 animals. In 1926, the zoo was expanded to adjacent lands, increasing the area to {{Convert|18|ha}}. 

[[File:Enclosure for baby animals. Moscow Zoo, 1937.jpg|200px|thumb|The "green platform" (1937)]]
In 1933, [[Vera Chaplina]], a naturalist and future writer, created the "green platform", a special enclosure for young animals where different cubs that their mothers refused to feed were not only raised, but also taught to live peacefully together. This experiment aroused great interest among visitors, and for many years the "green platform" remained one of the Moscow Zoo's main attractions.<ref name="ЛГ">{{cite web|language=ru |url=https://lgz.ru/article/N24--6176--2008-06-11-/Zoopark-V%d0%b5r%d1%8b-Chaplinoy4714/|title=Зоопарк Веры Чаплиной|website=Литературная газета |author=Максим Тавьев |date=2008}}</ref><ref> {{cite journal |last=Bryce |first=E.J. |date=1935 |title=Zoological Institutions abroad|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales|pages=20–24 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/119482#page/20/mode/1up{{sfnRef|Bryce}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Lion and lamb play together |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepressb19330711-1.2.32 |magazine=The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser |location= |publisher= |date=11 July 1933 |access-date=}}</ref>

In 1990, the zoo was renovated. Notable additions include a new main entrance in the shape of a large rock castle, and a footbridge that connected the old (1864) and new (1926) properties of the zoo.

In addition, the zoo was expanded once more. New exhibits were opened including a sea aquarium, an aviary, a creatures of the night exhibit, a sea lion exhibit and a section aimed at children. 

The Moscow zoo has over 7,500 animals representing about 1,000 species and covers an area of about {{Convert|21.5|ha}}.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.museum.ru/M499 | title=Московский зоопарк }}</ref> 

== Moscow Zoo Museum == 
Founded in 2008 in a two-storey building of the 19th century, built in the late XIX - early XX centuries, located on the territory of the zoo. Since 2015, the museum has been open to the public and everyone. In the central and side halls, there is an exposition devoted to the history of the Moscow Zoo and a natural science permanent exposition. The collection of the museum includes more than 10,000 zoo coats of arms from all over the world, hundreds of paintings, sculptures, and drawings by the masters of Russian animalistics, such as [[Vasily Vatagin]], [[Alexey Komarov|Alexei Komarov]], Vadim Trofimov, Andrei Marts and [[Alexei Tsvetkov (sculptor)|Alexei Tsvetkov]].<ref>[https://zoo.catalog.mos.ru/ Московский зоопарк. Коллекции]</ref><ref>[https://www.moscowzoo.ru/for-visitors/expositions/detail/muzey-zooparka/ Официальный сайт Московского зоопарка. Музей зоопарка]</ref><ref>[https://kudago.com/msk/place/muzej-istorii-zooparka/ KudaGo. Музей истории зоопарка]</ref>

== Research & Educational Center == 
The Moscow Zoo has its own educational institute and research center. In addition to full training for zoo staff and teachers, there is a continuing education program for zoo and aquarium staff, [[veterinarians]], teachers and volunteers, as well as courses in zoo psychology. Since the Moscow Zoo has been chairman of all zoos in Russia since the [[Soviet]] period, it is a national training center. This was founded in 2017 by the current director [[:ru:Акулова,_Светлана_Владимировна|Svetlana Akulova]] and [[Björn Stenvers]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moscow Zoo Academy|url=http://www.moscowzoo.academy/|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.moscowzoo.ru|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Moscow Zoo opens educational institute for employees of Russia|url=https://www.mos.ru/en/news/item/24129073/|access-date=2021-12-21|website=mos.ru|language=en, ru}}</ref>

== Animals & Exhibits ==
[[File:Giraffa camelopardalis 02.JPG|thumb|[[Reticulated giraffe]] at Moscow Zoo]]
[[File:Huge bird of prey.jpg|thumb|Vulture at Moscow Zoo]]
[[File:Raccoon Moscow zoo.JPG|thumb|Raccoon]]
[[File:Lions Moscow zoo.jpg|thumb|Lions at Moscow zoo]]
[[File:Orangutan (bornean) 02.JPG|thumb|Orangutan]]
[[File:Bald eagle Moscow zoo.jpg|thumb|Bald eagle]]
[[File:Russia's first giant panda cub meets public in Moscow.webm|thumb|[[China News Service]] video on Russia's first giant panda cub.]]
{{incomplete_section|date=April 2022}}
=== Old Territory exhibits ===

==== Flamingo Pond ====

* [[Greater flamingo]]
* [[American flamingo]]

==== Black bears ====

* [[Asian black bear]]

==== Fauna of China ====

* [[Giant panda]]

==== Bird World ====
* [[Scarlet Macaw]]

* [[Green-winged Macaw]]

* [[Military Macaw]]

* [[Blue-and-yellow macaw|Blue-and-Yellow Macaw]]

* [[Blue-throated Macaw]]

* [[Yellow-faced Amazon]]

* [[Umbrella Cockatoo]]

* [[Sulphur-crested Cockatoo]]

* [[Cockatiel]]

* [[Budgerigar]]

* [[Eclectus Parrot]]

==== Elephant Museum ====

* [[Indian elephant]]
* [[Bush hyrax]]

=== New Territory exhibits ===

==== Animal Island ====
Outdoors:

* [[Asiatic lion]]
* [[Spotted hyena]]
* [[Kamchatka brown bear]]
* [[Golden jackal]]
* [[Sloth bear]]
* [[Striped hyena]]
* [[Siberian tiger]]

Indoors (Exotarium):

==== Polar World ====
* [[Polar bear]]

==== Tur Hill ====

* [[East Caucasian tur]]

==== Animals of Africa ====

* [[South African giraffe]]
* [[Grévy's zebra]]
* [[Common ostrich]]
* [[Meerkat|Slender-tailed meerkat]]
* [[Sable antelope]]
* [[Kirk's dik-dik]]
* [[Honey badger]]

==== Other Animals ====

* [[Golden eagle]]
* [[Bald eagle]]
* [[Eurasian griffon vulture|Griffin vulture]]

=== Former exhibits ===

==== Dolphinarium ====
From 2001 to 2014, the {{Interlanguage link|Moscow Zoo Dolphinarium|ru|Дельфинарий Московского зоопарка}} operated on the grounds of the zoo's old territory. The exhibit was dismantled following unsanitary conditions and improper husbandry procedures.
* [[Beluga whale]]
* [[Common bottlenose dolphin]]

== Directors ==
Directors of the zoo have included:<ref name=":0" />
* {{ill|Yakov Kalinovsky|ru|Калиновский, Яков Николаевич}} (1864–1867)
* {{ill|Sergey Alekseyevich Usov|lt=Sergey Usov|ru|Усов, Сергей Алексеевич}} (1867–1873)
* Alexandr Maklakov (1878–1880)
* {{ill|Vladimir Popov (zoologist)|lt=Vladimir Popov|ru|Попов, Владимир Васильевич (зоолог)}} (1878–1881)
* Alexandr Chelyukanov (1881–1883)
* [[Vladimir Wagner]] (1883–1886)
* {{ill|Nikolai Kulagin|ru|Кулагин, Николай Михайлович (зоолог)}} (1889–1894)
* Alexandr Walter (1894–1895)
* Ippolit Antushevich (1895–1904)
* Vladislav Pogorzhelsky (1904–1917)
* Yury Belogolovy (1917–1919)
* [[Aleksandr Kots]] (1919–1924)
* [[Mikhail Zavadovsky]] (1924–1928)
* Sergey Novikov (1928–1932)
* Yevgeny Klimek (1932–1936)
* Lev Ostrovsky (1936–1940)
* Trofim Burdelev (1940–1950)
* Sergey Butygin (1950–1951)
* {{ill|Igor Sosnovsky|ru|Сосновский, Игорь Петрович}} (1951–1977)
* {{ill|Vladimir Vladimirovich Spitsin|ru|Спицин, Владимир Владимирович}} (1977–2013)
* Natalya Kolobova (2013–2016)<ref>{{cite news |title=У Московского зоопарка новый начальник |url=http://www.mk.ru/moscow/article/2013/04/17/843285-u-moskovskogo-zooparka-novyiy-nachalnik.html/ |access-date=4 December 2023 |work=www.mk.ru |date=17 April 2013 |language=ru}}</ref>
* Svetlana Akulova (2016–)<ref>{{cite news |title=Утвержден новый генеральный директор Московского зоопарка |url=https://rg.ru/2016/10/03/reg-cfo/utverzhden-novyj-generalnyj-direktor-moskovskogo-zooparka.html |access-date=4 December 2023 |work=Российская газета |date=3 October 2016 |language=ru}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist |refs=

<ref name="earaza_list">
{{ZooOrg|earaza|zoos|accessdate=15 April 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="eaza_list">
{{ZooOrg|eaza|zoos|accessdate=15 April 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="waza_list">
{{ZooOrg|waza|zoos|accessdate=15 April 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="worldwalk">
{{Cite web
|url=http://www.worldwalk.info/en/catalog/172/
|title=Moscow Zoo (Moscow)
|work=worldwalk.info
|publisher=WorldWalk.info
|access-date=15 April 2011
}}</ref>

}}

==Sources==
* [[Vera Chaplina]] ''True Stories from the Moscow Zoo'' (1970) Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey; [[Prentice Hall|Prentice-Hall]], Inc. P. 152 (translated by Lila Pargment, Estel Titiev).
* {{cite book|editor-last=Egorova|editor-first=L. V.|title= The Moscow Zoo: History and 140th anniversary (Московский зоологический парк. К 140-летию со дня основания. Страницы истории)|year=2004|publisher=Ellis Luck 2000|location=Moscow|isbn=978-5-902152-16-3|ref={{sfnRef|Egorova}}}} (in Russian)

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Official website|http://www.moscowzoo.ru/}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130513215530/http://fragmentum.ru/animals/moscow-zoo-2010/ photography Moscow Zoo 2010]
*[http://zooinstitutes.com/zooinstitutes/moscow-zoo-6.html Moscow Zoo] on zooinstitutes.com
*[http://zooinstitutes.com/zooinstitutes/moscow-zoo-breeding-nursery-49.html Moscow Zoo breeding nursery] on zooinstitutes.com
*[http://www.moscowzoo.academy/akademija/ob-akademii/ Moscow Zoo Academy]
{{Zoos of Russia}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:1864 establishments in the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Zoos in Russia]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Moscow]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Moscow]]