Editing Multiple-vehicle collision

{{Short description|Road traffic accident involving many vehicles}}
{{redirect|Pileup}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
[[File:Multi vehicle accident - M4 Motorway, Sydney, NSW (8076208846).jpg|thumb|right|270px|Aftermath of a multi-vehicle collision on the [[M4 Western Motorway|M4 Motorway]] in [[Sydney]], Australia]]
A '''multiple-vehicle collision''' (colloquially known as a '''pileup''' or '''multi-car collision'''),<ref name=Abel>{{cite news|last=Abel|first=David|title=On busy travel day, black ice led to massive pileup in Worcester|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/12/02/icy-roads-lead-vehicle-crash-worcester/oYuQa0J96S8qRykY1a9AyM/story.html|access-date=2013-12-03|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=2 December 2013}}</ref> is a road [[traffic collision]] involving many [[automobile|vehicles]]. Generally occurring on high-capacity and high-speed routes such as [[freeway]]s, they are one of the deadliest forms of traffic collisions. The most disastrous pileups have involved more than a hundred vehicles.

== Terminology ==
A chain collision can be defined as "an accident involving three or more vehicles in which one vehicle has only rear impact damage (i.e., the "lead" vehicle); one vehicle has only frontal damage; and all other vehicles have frontal and rear impact damage (these are the "middle" vehicles)".<ref name="OF CENTER HIGH MOUNTED STOP LAMPS 1987">Report No DOT HS 807 076, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CENTER HIGH MOUNTED STOP LAMPS, A PRELIMINARY EVALUATION, March 1987, Charles J. Kahane, Ph.D., Office of Standards Evaluation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C. 20590</ref>

== Statistics ==
=== British statistics ===

In Great Britain, statistics are available on the number of vehicles involved in crashes. 
* In 2013, there were: 42,487 single-vehicle crashes, 82,429 dual-vehicle crashes, and 13,744 crashes involving three or more vehicles ({{#expr:13744/138660 * 100 round 0}}%) for a total of 138,660 reported crashes. In crashes with three or more vehicles, there were 228 motorists killed and 19 pedestrians killed.
* In 2020, there were: 25,730 single-vehicle crashes, 57,392 dual-vehicle crashes, and 8,077 crashes involving three or more vehicles ({{#expr:8077/91199 * 100 round 0}}%) for a total of 91,199 reported crashes. In crashes with three or more vehicles, there were 200 motorists ({{#expr:200/1114 * 100 round 0}}% of all motorists) and 17 pedestrians ({{#expr:17/346 * 100 round 0}}% of all pedestrians) killed.<ref>Department for Transport statistics, Reported Road Casualties Great Britain Annual Report 2020, RAS40004 Reported accidents, vehicle user and pedestrian casualties by severity and combination of vehicles involved, Great Britain, 2013</ref>

=== American statistics ===
In America, statistics are available from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) {{!}} NHTSA |url=https://www.nhtsa.gov/research-data/fatality-analysis-reporting-system-fars |access-date=2024-07-22 |website=nhtsa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

* Between 2005 and 2021, there were 138 fatal crashes that involved at least ten vehicles.
* Crashes involving more than ten vehicles are over 100 times more likely to result in the deaths of at least five people compared to fatal crashes involving fewer than five vehicles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Craft |first=Hunter |date=2024-01-25 |title=[Study] How Dangerous Are Multi-Vehicle Pile-Ups? |url=https://www.craftlawfirm.com/news/study-how-dangerous-are-multi-vehicle-pile-ups/ |access-date=2024-07-22 |website=Craft Law Firm |language=en-US}}</ref>
* More fatal pile-ups occur between 7 a.m. and 8 a.m. than during any other single hour. However, the most frequent time for these accidents is during the transition from late afternoon to early evening, with one-third of the pile-ups happening between 2 p.m. and 7 p.m.
{{Graph:Chart
|type=line
|width=320
|height=180
|x=2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020
|y1=228,249,247,252,261,228,257,200
|y2= 19, 26, 17, 14, 17, 22, 21, 17
|xGrid=1
|yGrid=1
|legend=Accidents involving three or more vehicles in Great-Britain
|y1Title=User killed in accidents involving three or more vehicles
|y2Title=Pedestrian killed in accidents involving three or more vehicles
}}

== Causes ==
Pile-ups generally occur in low-visibility conditions as drivers on freeways are following too closely and [[Situation awareness|unable to adjust]] to road conditions.

Chain-reaction crashes can also occur in conditions of good visibility, when [[black ice]] or other [[road hazard]]s are encountered unexpectedly as drivers round a curve or crest a hill.<ref name=Abel/>

Multiple vehicle collisions can also occur when a third vehicle is too close to an initial collision to avoid hitting one or both of the vehicles. Due to the high traffic speeds on the road, if one car develops a problem and suddenly halts, ones behind it cannot stop in time and may hit it. Considering that these roads often have high traffic volumes, more cars are forced into braking and skidding, darting into other lanes and in front of other traffic; more vehicles become involved, creating a [[chain reaction]] effect.

Determining the cause of such collisions is difficult for [[detective|investigator]]s and it is often impossible to tell if [[negligence]] caused the crash. In spite of their frequency, little formal research has been done in the United States regarding their causes.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Larry |last1=Copeland |first2=Paul |last2=Overberg |title=Special cops work to unravel confusing highway pileups |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2015/02/18/unraveling-multiple-vehicle-pileups/23323989/ |work=[[USA Today]] |date=18 February 2015 |access-date=19 February 2015 |quote=There is little research on why these crashes occur. Neither the [[Federal Highway Administration]], the [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]], the [[National Transportation Safety Board]], the [[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] nor auto club [[American Automobile Association|AAA]] has researched the phenomena. }}</ref>

== Effects ==
[[File:Multiple vehicle car crash.jpg|thumb|[[Emergency service]]s work on the scene of a multiple vehicle collision in [[Toronto]].]]
Multiple-vehicle collisions are particularly deadly as the mass of crumpled vehicles makes escape for survivors difficult. Even if survivors are able to exit their vehicles, other cars may strike them. Individual vehicles in a multiple-vehicle collision are often hit multiple times at high speed, increasing the risk of injury to passengers who may have survived the first impact with the benefit of now-discharged protective [[airbag]]s. Collisions after the initial collision may occur from the side of the vehicle, where the passenger compartment is more vulnerable.

A fire in one part of the collision can quickly spread via spilled [[gasoline]] and cover the entire crash area. Multiple-vehicle collisions can also overwhelm local [[emergency service]]s making speedy rescues more difficult. If the collision takes place in a remote area, getting medical help to the scene can be difficult.

The destruction and intense heat of fires can also damage roadways, particularly by melting and burning the [[Asphalt concrete|asphalt]] or [[spall]]ing concrete surfaces. The [[structural steel]] of bridges and [[overpass]]es can also be weakened by the heat. A fiery pileup inside a [[tunnel]] is the most serious, as there is little means to escape the poisonous fumes and the confined heat may damage structural supports.

The large scale of these collisions can close highway routes for several days, or even longer if highway support structures are damaged.

== Avoidance ==

A [[NHTSA]] report suggests that a vehicle fit with a [[Automotive lighting#Center high mount stop lamp (CHMSL)|center high-mounted stop lamps]] has 23.7% less risk to be involved as a lead vehicle in a chain collision while it has 16.0% less risk to be involved as a middle vehicle in such a chain collision.<ref name="OF CENTER HIGH MOUNTED STOP LAMPS 1987"/>

== France ==

In the French ASFA motorway network, out of all vehicle crashes with injuries, single vehicle crashes make up 42% of the total, dual vehicle crashes make up 41%, and crashes involving three or more vehicles make up 17%.<ref>2022 key figures, ASFA</ref>

== Korea ==

On Korean expressways, chain crashes represent 10.7% of crashes with injuries involving truck drivers. On Korean rural roads, chain crashes represent 0.6% of crashes with injuries involving truck drivers.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sangbok |last2=Jeong |first2=Byung Yong |title=Comparisons of Traffic Collisions between Expressways and Rural Roads in Truck Drivers |journal=Safety and Health at Work |date=March 2016 |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=38–42 |doi=10.1016/j.shaw.2015.11.005 |pmid=27014489 |pmc=4792911 }}</ref>

== Major pileups ==
{{Main|Lists of traffic collisions}}<!--Do not add items to this list that comprise less than 40 vehicles unless the event is notable for another reason than the collisions themselves. See talk.-->
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! data-sort-type="date" | Date
! data-sort-type="text" | Location
! Killed
! data-sort-type="number" | Injured
! data-sort-type="number" | Vehicles
! class="unsortable" |Details
|-
|31 October 1965||[[United States]] ([[Greater Los Angeles]] area, [[California]])||0||28||data-sort-value="100"|100+||A fog bank settled over [[Santa Ana Freeway]] and caused a chain reaction collision involving more than 100 cars in both directions. The crash caused 28 injuries. Two more separate chain collisions involving an additional 50 cars (also attributed to fog) occurred on [[Interstate 110 and State Route 110 (California)|Harbor Freeway]] that same day.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/24828235|title=More Than 100 Cars Smashed on Freeway|date=1 November 1965|work=The Post-Crescent|access-date=2017-03-19|page=1|language=en|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> 
|-
|29 November 1971||[[United Kingdom]] ([[Luton]], [[England]])||7||42||70||Due to fog, there was a pileup on the M1 just north of the A505 junction near [[Luton]], United Kingdom. Fog warning lights, switched on at the advice of motorway patrols, were not active at the time of the pileup. 26 miles of the M1 motorway were closed for several hours in both directions.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/259509038|title=Seven Killed as M1 Drivers Hit Sudden Fog|date=30 November 1971|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-03-19|page=1|language=en|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>
|-
|24 October 1973||[[United States]] ([[Secaucus, New Jersey]])||9||data-sort-value="40"|40+||65||The heavy fog created a rapid reduction in visibility along the toll plaza stretch of the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] near [[Secaucus, New Jersey|Secaucus]] along the bank of the [[Hackensack River]]. Semi-trucks, cars, and even a coach bus were involved in the crashes. Smoke from a nearby fire also contributed to the low visibility. Local police and [[New Jersey State Police]] helped out in the search and rescue efforts.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Johnston |first=Richard J. H. |date=1973-10-25 |title=9 KILLED, 40 HURT IN CRASHES IN FOG ON PIKE IN JERSEY |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/25/archives/killed-40-hurt-in-crashes-in-fog-on-pike-in-jersey-series-of.html |access-date=2022-11-29 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
|-
|7 April 1982||United States ([[Berkeley Hills]], California)||7||2||data-sort-value="5"|5+||An accident involving a gasoline [[tanker truck]] in the third (then-northernmost) bore set off the [[Caldecott Tunnel fire]].<ref>{{cite web | first=Murilee | last=Martin | url=http://jalopnik.com/cars/retro/25-years-since-the-great-caldecott-tunnel-fire-252688.php | title=25 Years Since The Great Caldecott Tunnel Fire | publisher=Jalopnik | date=April 16, 2007 | access-date=January 23, 2010}}</ref> The accident caused major damage and the bore was closed to traffic for several months while repairs were made, with traffic temporarily reverting to the pre-third-bore configuration. During the fire, the tunnel acted as a natural chimney, venting the smoke, flames, and heat upward the eastern entrance to the tunnel. The accident and fire killed seven people, most of whom were overcome by [[Smoke inhalation|toxic smoke]]. The fire occurred shortly after midnight when there were few cars in the tunnel; had it occurred during normal commute hours, hundreds could have died. 
|-
| 31 July 1982 ||[[France]] ([[Beaune]], [[Côte-d'Or]])|| 53 ||  || 4 || The [[Beaune coach crash]] in France, Europe, is considered the most fatal multiple vehicle road collision in France. 53 people died, including 46 children (44 on the coach and 2 in a car).<ref>{{cite web|title=Interdiction de transports d'enfants les 31 juillet et 7 août 2010|url=http://www.planetanim.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=494|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627161906/http://www.planetanim.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=494|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 June 2015|access-date=5 February 2016}}</ref> Legal consequences include the following: maximum [[speed limit]] for coaches reduced, the speed limit for all vehicles in rainy conditions reduced to 110&nbsp;km/h (68&nbsp;mph) on [[motorways]] and 80&nbsp;km/h (50&nbsp;mph) on other roads;<ref>{{cite web |title=L'accident d'autobus de Beaune qui fit 53 morts en 1982 |url=https://usanx.com/beaune-coach-crash-which-left-53-dead-in-1982/ |access-date=5 February 2016}}</ref> transporting groups of children forbidden during the busy weekends of late July and early August; and all heavy vehicles (such as [[Large goods vehicle|HGVs]] and coaches) must be equipped with a mechanical speed-limitation device, and it is strictly forbidden for the user to tamper with or modify this device in any way.<ref>{{cite web|title=Limitations de vitesse : réactions des transporteurs|url=http://www.ina.fr/video/CAB8201961801/limitation-vitesse-reaction-transporteurs.fr.html|access-date=5 February 2016}}</ref>
|-
|12 March 1990||United States ([[Green Bay, Wisconsin]])||3||30||52||Heavy fog led to a fiery crash involving 52 vehicles led to three deaths and more than 30 injuries on the [[Interstate 43]] in [[Green Bay, Wisconsin]], United States, on the [[Leo Frigo Memorial Bridge|Tower Drive Bridge]] over the [[Fox River (Green Bay tributary)|Fox River]]. A fog warning system was immediately installed, and bridge lighting was installed in the mid-2000s after more fog-related issues.
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|[[1990 Interstate 75 fog disaster|11 December 1990]]||United States ([[Calhoun, Tennessee]])||12||42||99||Heavy fog caused by the neighboring Bowater paper mill led to a fiery crash involving 99 vehicles, leaving 12 dead and 42 injured on [[Interstate 75]] in [[Calhoun, Tennessee]], between [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]] and [[Knoxville, Tennessee|Knoxville]] near the [[Hiwassee River]]. The Bowater paper mill paid out more than $10M in settlements. A fog warning system has since been installed, and the [[Tennessee Highway Patrol|highway patrol]] enforces speed limits aggressively.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/summary/har9202.htm |title=HAR-92/02 |publisher=Ntsb.gov |access-date=12 December 2013}}</ref>
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|[[1991 M4 motorway crash|13 March 1991]]||United Kingdom ([[Hungerford]], England)||10||25||51||Referred to as the [[1991 M4 motorway crash]]; heavy fog and a van driver either falling asleep or swerving to miss a pigeon in the outside lane led to a pileup and fiery crash involving 51 vehicles, leading to 10 deaths on the [[M4 motorway|M4]] in [[Hungerford, Berkshire]], United Kingdom, between [[Membury, Devon|Membury]] and [[Hungerford]].<ref>{{cite news |title=UK motorway pile-up 'worst for two decades' |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/world/arid-30527207.html |access-date=13 February 2021 |work=Irish Examiner |date=5 November 2011 |language=en}}</ref>
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|[[1991 Interstate 5 dust storm|29 November 1991]]||United States ([[Coalinga, California]])||17||114||104||A dust storm led to a pileup on [[Interstate 5]] in [[Coalinga, California]], involving 104 vehicles, leading to 17 deaths and 114 injuries.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-12-01-mn-867-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |title=I-5 Is Reopened After Pileup That Killed 17 : Traffic: Workers battle winds and sand clouds to clear highway of 104 vehicles that crashed in dust storm.|date=1 December 1991 |access-date=19 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-11-30-mn-94-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |title=14 Killed, 114 Hurt in I-5 Pileups : Traffic: More than 100 vehicles collide in dust storm north of Coalinga. Victims describe 'all kinds of terrible scenes--trucks on fire, cars on fire, bodies in the road.'|date=30 November 1991 |access-date=19 January 2015 }}</ref>
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|22 April 1992||United States ([[Shenandoah Valley]], [[Virginia]])||2||40||60||Fog led to a pileup on [[Interstate 64]] in [[Virginia]] near Afton Mountain, involving 60 vehicles, leaving two dead and 40 injured.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pressley |first1=Sue Anne |title=In I-64 Pileups, Death Was Swift, Shrouded in Fog |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1992/04/23/in-i-64-pileups-death-was-swift-shrouded-in-fog/77e5cfb8-a544-4f8a-a836-85c1af111669/ |access-date=13 February 2021 |newspaper=Washington Post |date=23 April 1992}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timesdispatch.com/news/vdot-looks-to-boost---safety-over-afton/article_b1121c46-e10c-5e76-b2c2-e0ee003706e0.html |title=VDOT looks to boost 1-64 safety over Afton - Richmond News, Crime & Politics |publisher=TimesDispatch.com |date=2013-09-24 |access-date=2014-02-17}}</ref>
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|10 November 1993||France ([[Mirambeau, Charente-Maritime]]). ||15||53||57||On the [[A10 autoroute]] in [[Mirambeau, Charente-Maritime|Mirambeau]], France, a 57-vehicle pile-up killed 15. The [[Orsec-Novi plan]] was raised.
|-
|2 December 1994||United States ([[San Antonio]], [[Texas]])||0||67||127||Blinding glare and rain-slicked roads caused a 127-vehicle pileup on [[Interstate 35]] in [[San Antonio]], Texas, leading to 67 injuries.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_action=doc&p_docid=0F2232DF8880DAB7&p_docnum=27 | work=Newsbank}}</ref>
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|20 March 1995||United States ([[Mobile, Alabama]])||1||90||200||Fog caused an accident on [[Interstate 10]] in [[Mobile, Alabama]], United States, involving 200 vehicles, leading to one death and 90 injuries.<ref name="NatWeatherAsso">{{cite web|title=Performance of Satellite Fog Detection Techniques|work=National Weather Association|url=http://www.nwas.org/ej/pdf/2006-EJ3.pdf|access-date=28 December 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120065335/http://www.nwas.org/ej/pdf/2006-EJ3.pdf|archive-date=20 November 2008}}</ref>
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|27 February 1996||[[Belgium]] ([[Nazareth, Belgium|Nazareth]])||10||80||200||Fog caused an accident on [[European route E17|E17 motorway]] near [[Nazareth, Belgium|Nazareth]], Belgium.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dst14082004_005|title=Acht jaar na de kettingbotsing E17 Nazareth|website=De Standaard|date=14 August 2004 }}</ref>
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|10 March 1997||United Kingdom ([[Bromsgrove]], England)||3||60||160||Referred to as the [[1997 M42 motorway crash]]: fog caused a crash in the United Kingdom, involving 160 vehicles, leading to three deaths and 60 injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.worcesternews.co.uk/2001/11/10/298945.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120701132010/http://archive.worcesternews.co.uk/2001/11/10/298945.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 July 2012 |title=M42 death crash driver wins back his licence |publisher=Archive.worcesternews.co.uk |date=10 November 2001 |access-date=6 November 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.learn2live.co.uk/General/News/necessity.htm |title=Option or Necessity?<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=20 December 2007 |archive-date=27 December 2004 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20041227223852/http://www.learn2live.co.uk/General/News/necessity.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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|31 December 1998||United States ([[Grayling, Michigan]])||1||39||114||On a snow-slicked section of N/B Interstate-75 in central [[Michigan]], just north of Grayling, 114 cars crashed during whiteout conditions,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1314&dat=19990102&id=tzUSAAAAIBAJ&pg=3532,633883 |title=The Spokesman-Review |access-date=2013-02-07}}</ref> killing one and injuring 39.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9812/31/michigan.pileup/ |publisher=CNN |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127044723/http://www.cnn.com/US/9812/31/michigan.pileup/ |archive-date=27 January 2007 |title=CNN - Car-pileup in snowy Michigan kills 1 - December 31, 1998 }}</ref>
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|[[1999 Ontario Highway 401 crash|3 September 1999]]||[[Canada]] ([[Essex County, Ontario]])||8||45||87||Dense [[fog]] and [[tailgating]] causes an 87-vehicle pile-up, killing 8, injuring 45 more on [[Highway 401]] in [[Essex County, Ontario]], Canada, just east of [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/401-pileup-disaster-1.185574 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611110133/http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/1999/09/03/401crash990903.html | url-status=live | archive-date=11 June 2009 | publisher=CBC News | title=401 Pileup Disaster | date=3 September 1999}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.msc-smc.ec.gc.ca/media/top10/1999_e.html |title=Top Ten Weather Stories of 1999 – Top Ten Weather Stories – [Meteorological Service of Canada – The Green Lane&#93; |publisher=Msc-smc.ec.gc.ca |date=23 April 2010 |access-date=6 November 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060506080834/http://www.msc-smc.ec.gc.ca/media/top10/1999_e.html |archive-date=6 May 2006}}</ref>
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|22 November 1999||United States ([[Golden, Colorado]])||2||29||83||On [[Interstate 70]] in [[Golden, Colorado]], United States, a car spun out in the westbound lanes in heavy snow and fog and was then hit by other vehicles as it attempted to resume westbound travel.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-nov-23-mn-36737-story.html | work=Los Angeles Times | title=2 Killed, 29 Injured in Pileup on I-70 in Colorado | date=23 November 1999 | access-date=23 November 2013}}</ref>
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|[[Ibadan road tanker explosion|5 November 2000]]||[[Nigeria]] ([[Ifẹ]])||data-sort-value="96"|96–200|| ||115||In [[Ifẹ|Ife]], Nigeria, a tanker truck crashed into a traffic jam and exploded. The death toll is disputed, as 96 bodies were recovered in the crash, but some believe the true death toll to be as high as 200.
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|22 February 2001||United States ([[Stafford County, Virginia]])||1||data-sort-value="30"|dozens||196||A [[snowstorm]] whiteout caused an accident on [[Interstate 95 in Virginia|Interstate 95]] in [[Stafford County, Virginia]], United States, involving 116 vehicles plus two others nearby totaling 80 more.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morrison |first1=Blake |url=https://www.usatoday.com/weather/news/2001/2001-02-22-vaspileup.htm |access-date=13 February 2021 |date=23 February 2001|title= Wrecks close interstates during snowstorm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616014909/http://www.usatoday.com/weather/news/2001/2001-02-22-vaspileup.htm|archive-date=16 June 2009}}</ref>
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|14 March 2002||United States ([[Catoosa County, Georgia]])||4||39||125||Sudden fog caused a pileup on Interstate 75 in [[Catoosa County, Georgia]], United States, involving 125 vehicles and killing four people.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/03/14/highway.wreck | publisher=CNN | title=Massive pileup near Ga.-Tenn. line kills 4 | date=14 March 2002 | access-date=13 May 2010 | archive-date=11 June 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611102922/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/03/14/highway.wreck/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>
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|11 October 2002||United States ([[Sheboygan County, Wisconsin]])||10||36||50||Dense fog caused a collision on [[Interstate 43]] in [[Sheboygan County, Wisconsin]], just north of the Ozaukee-Sheboygan County line, involving 50 vehicles. It is considered the worst multiple-vehicle collision in Wisconsin history.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2002-10-11-wisconsin-crash_x.htm | work=USA Today | title=At least 10 killed in multi-car crash in Wisconsin | date=11 October 2002 | access-date=30 January 2012}}</ref>
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|3 November 2002||United States ([[Los Angeles County]], [[California]])||0||41||216||Dense fog caused an accident on [[Interstate 710]] in [[Los Angeles County]], [[California]], United States involving around 200 vehicles.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-nov-04-me-pileup4-story.html | work=Los Angeles Times | title=41 Hurt in 198-Vehicle Smashup | date=4 November 2002 | first1=Jeff | last1=Gottlieb | first2=Daniel | last2=Hernandez}}</ref>
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|5 November 2002||France ([[Coulombiers, Vienne]])||10||39||58||On the [[A10 autoroute]], [[Coulombiers, Vienne|Coulombiers]], two HGV drivers, one British and one Russian, did not comply with speed regulations, going up to 140&nbsp;km/h when speed was limited to 50&nbsp;km/h due to fog;<ref name="2002-0226-01">Conseil Général des Ponts et Chaussées, Paris, le 30 décembre 2004, Bureau d’Enquêtes sur les Accidents de Transport Terrestre, Affaire n°2002-0226-01, Rapport final de l’enquête technique sur l’accident survenu le 5 novembre 2002 sur l’autoroute A10 à Coulombiers, Jean Gérard KOENIG, Ingénieur Général des Ponts et Chaussées, Yves BONDUELLE, Inspecteur Général de l’Equipement, Jean Paul BOIRON, Ingénieur Général des Ponts et Chaussées, Bernard LOITIERE, Ingénieur Général des Ponts et Chaussées</ref> the [[Orsec-Novi plan]] was raised.
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|5 February 2003||[[Poland]] ([[Swarzędz]], [[Greater Poland Voivodeship]])||0||31||data-sort-value="100"|100+||Dense [[fog]] and excessive speed<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/31-rannych-w-karambolu-100-samochodow-pod-poznaniem-6039097248150145a |title= 31 rannych w karambolu 100 samochodów pod Poznaniem |trans-title= 31 injured in multiple-vehicle collision of 100 cars near Poznań |date= 2003-02-05 |access-date= 2023-02-05 |language= pl |author= <!-- not stated --> |newspaper= Wiadomosci.wp.pl |via= [[Wirtualna Polska|WP Wiadomości]]}}</ref> caused a pileup on the then [[National road 2 (Poland)|national road 2]] between the town of [[Swarzędz]] and village of [[Paczkowo, Greater Poland Voivodeship|Paczkowo]], [[Greater Poland Voivodeship]], Poland, involving over 100 vehicles,<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://poznan.naszemiasto.pl/karambol-stulecia-pod-poznaniem-miedzy-swarzedzem-a/ar/c16-9172353 |title= Karambol stulecia pod Poznaniem. Między Swarzędzem a Paczkowem rozbiło się ponad 100 aut! Wkrótce minie 20 lat od tego zdarzenia &#91;ZDJĘCIA&#93; |trans-title= Pile-up of the century near Poznań. Over 100 cars crashed between Swarzędz and Paczkowo! It will soon be 20 years since this event &#91;PHOTOS&#93;|last= Chudziński |first= Igor |date= 2023-01-20 |access-date= 2023-02-05 |via= Poznań Nasze Miasto |language= pl}}</ref> leaving 31 people injured.
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|7 February 2003||United States ([[Berrien County, Michigan]])||1||47||80||[[Lake-effect snow]] caused a pileup on [[Interstate 94 in Michigan|Interstate 94]] in [[Berrien County, Michigan]], involving 80 vehicles (initially reported as 75).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crh.noaa.gov/iwx/program_areas/events/2003/02_07_03_pileup/ | work=Northern Indiana Weather Forecast Office, [[National Weather Service]] |title=Intense Lake Effect Snow Band Causes 75-Vehicle Chain Reaction Pile-Up}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.heraldpalladium.com/localnews/i--pileup-memories-are-vivid-a-year-later/article_517cf95e-2439-5b2d-a21c-5dae36c03328.html |work=[[The Herald-Palladium]] |title=I-94 Pileup Memories Are Vivid a Year Later |date=7 February 2004 |first=Scott |last=Aiken |access-date=3 January 2014 }}</ref>
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|23 May 2003||United States ([[Garrett County, Maryland]])||2||64||90||Heavy fog caused a crash near the [[Interstate 68]] cut on [[Big Savage Mountain]] in [[Garrett County, Maryland]], involving approximately 90 vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transportationresearch.gov/dot/fhwa/hcx/Lists/aReferences/Attachments/108/MD%20I68%20Fog%20Report.pdf|work=Sabra, Wang & Associates|title=I-68 Fog Detection System Planning Report|date=7 November 2003|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222140313/https://www.transportationresearch.gov/dot/fhwa/hcx/Lists/aReferences/Attachments/108/MD%20I68%20Fog%20Report.pdf|archive-date=22 February 2014}}</ref> 
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|6 January 2004||United States ([[Centre County]], [[Pennsylvania]])||6||17||50||Due to poor visibility during a white out snow squall, on [[Interstate 80]] in [[Centre County]], [[Pennsylvania]], an accident involving around 50 vehicles left six dead and 17 injured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I80.html | work=They Keystone Shortway Association|title=The Story of the Keystone Shortway | date=n.d.}}</ref> 
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|12 January 2005||United States ([[Ingham County]], [[Michigan]])||2||35||200||Dense fog caused a pileup on [[Interstate 96]] in [[Ingham County]], [[Michigan]], United States, involving around 200 vehicles, leaving two dead and 35 injured.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.macombdaily.com/stories/011305/sta_pileup001.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080110122330/http://www.macombdaily.com/stories/011305/sta_pileup001.shtml|url-status=dead|title=Macomb Daily : More than 100 vehicles pile up on I-96 01/13/05|archive-date=10 January 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/chain-reaction-crashes-in-2-states/ | publisher=CBS News | title=Chain-Reaction Crashes in 2 States | date=13 January 2005}}</ref>
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|17 February 2006||Canada ([[Embrun, Ontario]])||5||15||38||[[Ontario Highway 417|Highway 417]] in [[Embrun, Ontario|Embrum, Ontario]], approximately 38 vehicles collided due to reduced visibility and snow squall conditions, killing 5 and injuring 15. 
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|5 November 2007||United States ([[Fresno]], California)||2||data-sort-value="30"|dozens||108||[[Tule fog]] led to an accident on [[State Route 99 (California)|Highway 99]] south of [[Fresno]], California, United States, involving 108 vehicles, with two dead and dozens of injuries.<ref>{{cite web |title=108 Vehicle pileup kills 2 in Tule fog on 99 Highway |url=https://usanx.com/108-vehicle-pileup-kills-2-in-tule-fog-on-99-highway/ |access-date=20 December 2007}}</ref>
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|6 January 2008||United States ([[Madison, Wisconsin]])||2||||100||On [[Interstate 90|I-90]] near [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]], Wisconsin, two people are killed as there was a 100-vehicle pileup.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.channel3000.com/news/14992174/detail.html |title=2 Killed, Dozens Hurt After 100-Vehicle Pileup on Interstate 90 – Madison News Story – WISC Madison |publisher=Channel3000.com |access-date=13 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106190422/http://www.channel3000.com/news/14992174/detail.html |archive-date=6 November 2008}}</ref>
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|9 January 2008||United States ([[Polk County, Florida]])||4||38||70||Four people were killed and as many as 38 were injured in a major pileup on [[Interstate 4]] in north central [[Florida]] involving 70 vehicles, as fog mixed with smoke from a controlled fire led to "superfog", making it almost impossible for motorists to see.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-01-09-1604220842_x.htm|title=Fog causes 70-car pileup in Fla.; 4 dead - USATODAY.com|website=usatoday30.usatoday.com}}</ref>
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|20 January 2008||Canada (near [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]])||||||100|| More than 100 vehicles crashed into each other on [[Ontario Highway 400|Highway 400]] near Toronto due to bad weather conditions.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCAN2055428820080120 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616082825/http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCAN2055428820080120 | url-status=dead | archive-date=16 June 2009 | title=Whiteout causes 100-vehicle pile-up near Toronto | date=20 January 2008 | work=Reuters}}</ref>
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|11 March 2008||[[United Arab Emirates]] (Ghantoot, [[Abu Dhabi]])||3||277||60||At 6.39&nbsp;am a series of vehicle crashes occurred, involving cars, [[Sport utility vehicle|SUV]]s, busses, and trucks, because of heavy [[fog]] on the [[Abu Dhabi]]-[[Dubai]] highway near [[Ghantoot]], Abu Dhabi, in the [[United Arab Emirates]], leading to the worst ever crash and multi-[[vehicle]] pileup in the country's history. According to Dubai-based [[Gulf News]] and [[Reuters]], the incident killed 3 people and injured 277, involving 60 vehicles of which 25 caught fire.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gulfnews.com/nation/Traffic_and_Transport/10196597.html |title=Horrific accident on Abu Dhabi-Dubai highway near Ghantoot |work=Gulf News |access-date=6 November 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724065829/http://www.gulfnews.com/nation/Traffic_and_Transport/10196597.html |archive-date=24 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.xpress4me.com/news/uae/national/20006271.html |title=Five killed, 277 injured in Ghantoot accident |publisher=Xpress4me |access-date=6 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313192322/http://www.xpress4me.com/news/uae/national/20006271.html |archive-date=13 March 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.xpress4me.com/photos/gallery.jsp?article=/channels/xpress4me_com/news/uae/national/20006271.html&index=1&referer=/channels/xpress4me_com/news/uae/national/20006271.html&folder_uri=/channels/xpress4me_com/news/uae/national/ |title=Photo Gallery – Five killed, 277 injured in Ghantoot accident |publisher=Xpress4me |access-date=6 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611065956/http://www.xpress4me.com/photos/gallery.jsp?article=%2Fchannels%2Fxpress4me_com%2Fnews%2Fuae%2Fnational%2F20006271.html&index=1&referer=%2Fchannels%2Fxpress4me_com%2Fnews%2Fuae%2Fnational%2F20006271.html&folder_uri=%2Fchannels%2Fxpress4me_com%2Fnews%2Fuae%2Fnational%2F |archive-date=11 June 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/news/video?videoId=77925 |title=Reuters Video report – Hundreds hurt in UAE horror crash |work=Reuters|date=9 February 2009 |access-date=6 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL11851795 |title=REFILE-UAE's biggest traffic accident kills 3, injures 277 |work=Reuters |date= 11 March 2008|access-date=6 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/indiaabroad/20080311/r_t_ians_wl_meast/twl-eight-killed-in-horrific-200-car-pil-ec7dfa8.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080316215731/http://in.news.yahoo.com/indiaabroad/20080311/r_t_ians_wl_meast/twl-eight-killed-in-horrific-200-car-pil-ec7dfa8.html|url-status=dead|title=Yahoo! News India – Eight killed in horrific 200-car pileup on Dubai-Abu Dhabi highway|archive-date=16 March 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|agency=Reuters |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna23578463 |title=Traffic pileup leaves 3 dead, 300 hurt – Some of the 60 cars burst into flames on Dubai-Abu Dhabi highway |publisher=NBC News |date=3 November 2008 |access-date=6 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4CQbYVDBMHc |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/4CQbYVDBMHc |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=YouTube Video – Dubai – Abu Dhabi Crash – the Aftermath |via=YouTube |date=11 March 2008 |access-date=6 November 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
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|20 March 2008||[[Czech Republic]] ([[Vysočina Region]])||0||33||231||231 vehicles crashed at [[highway D1 (Czech Republic)|highway D1]] in [[Vysočina Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]], injuring about 30 people, three of them seriously. Nobody was killed.<ref name="ct24">[http://www.ct24.cz/doprava/9403-na-vysocine-je-d1-po-hromadne-nehode-prujezdna-obema-smery/ Na Vysočině je D1 po hromadné nehodě průjezdná oběma směry], web ČT24, 21 March 2008</ref><ref name="novinky">[http://www.novinky.cz/clanek/135780-nejvetsi-hromadna-nehoda-zablokovala-dalnici-d1-na-11-hodin.html Největší hromadná nehoda zablokovala dálnici D1 na 11 hodin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923005944/http://www.novinky.cz/clanek/135780-nejvetsi-hromadna-nehoda-zablokovala-dalnici-d1-na-11-hodin.html |date=23 September 2008 }}, Novinky.cz, 20 March 2008</ref><ref name="zjihlavy">[http://www.zjihlavy.cz/c1-d1-nejvetsi-nehoda-vsech-dob D1: Největší nehoda všech dob], Z Jihlavy, nezávislý infoserver, 21 March 2008</ref><ref name="lidovky">[http://www.lidovky.cz/nehodu-na-d1-zavinili-ridici-jeli-rychle-d97-/ln_noviny.asp?c=A080422_000002_ln_noviny_sko&klic=225057&mes=080422_0 Nehodu na D1 zavinili řidiči, jeli rychle] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424150100/http://www.lidovky.cz/nehodu-na-d1-zavinili-ridici-jeli-rychle-d97-/ln_noviny.asp?c=A080422_000002_ln_noviny_sko&klic=225057&mes=080422_0 |date=24 April 2008 }}, Lidové noviny, 22 April 2008</ref><ref name="blazek">Tomáš Blažek: [http://www.dalnice.com/nov_clanky/cl_2008/22311.htm Sníh umrtvil D1 za 4 minuty], MF Dnes, 22 March 2008, supplement Vysočina, p. 1</ref><ref name="vaca">Jan Vaca: [http://www.dalnice.com/nov_clanky/cl_2008/22312.htm Policie pozná, kdo jel rychle], MF Dnes, 22 March 2008. str. 2</ref><ref name="aktualne">Michal Pavec: [http://aktualne.centrum.cz/domaci/zivot-v-cesku/clanek.phtml?id=603074 Škoda za havárii desetiletí na D1 činí 28 milionů], Aktuálně.cz, 21 April 2008</ref>
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|25 March 2008||[[Austria]] (between [[Vienna]] and [[Salzburg]])||1||6||60||A near 60 vehicle pile-up in heavy snow on [[Austria]]'s main east–west highway causes one death with six injuries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mobile.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L25618616.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20090611115018/http://mobile.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L25618616.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 June 2009 |title=Whiteout One dead in 60-vehicle pile-up on Austrian motorway |publisher=Mobile.alertnet.org |date=25 March 2008 |access-date=6 November 2010 }}</ref>
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|11 January 2009||United States ([[Derry, New Hampshire]])|| || ||data-sort-value="50"|50+||There was a pileup on [[Interstate 93|I-93]] involving "more than 50 cars..." in [[Derry, New Hampshire]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theunionleader.com/article.aspx?headline=More+than+50+vehicles+involved+in+I-93+crash&articleId=ca7a12ed-9903-40f6-aabd-6d46fa9f870b |title=More than 50 vehicles involved in I-93 crash |publisher=Theunionleader.com |date=12 January 2009 |access-date=13 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617012913/http://www.theunionleader.com/article.aspx?headline=More+than+50+vehicles+involved+in+I-93+crash&articleId=ca7a12ed-9903-40f6-aabd-6d46fa9f870b |archive-date=17 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
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|19 July 2009||[[Germany]] ([[Braunschweig]], [[Lower Saxony]])|| ||data-sort-value="30"|66||259||Dozens of people were injured, 10 critically, when 259 vehicles were involved in a series of related pile-ups due to heavy rain on the German Autobahn [[Bundesautobahn 2|A2]] near [[Braunschweig]] in [[Lower Saxony]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelocal.de/national/20090720-20701.html |title=Dozens injured in 259-car autobahn pileup – The Local |publisher=Thelocal.de |access-date=13 August 2010 |archive-date=23 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723035008/http://www.thelocal.de/national/20090720-20701.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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|13 December 2009||United States ([[Shelton, Connecticut]])|| ||52||56||56 cars involved in a pile-up on [[Route 110]] in [[Shelton, Connecticut]], due to [[freezing rain]] and [[black ice]] resulted in 46 injuries and six hospitalizations, but no deaths or life-threatening injuries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wtnh.com/dpp/news/new_haven_cty/50-car-pile-up-shelton-closes-roadway |title=50 car pile-up in Shelton closes Rt 110 |publisher=Wtnh.com |access-date=13 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324122038/http://www.wtnh.com/dpp/news/new_haven_cty/50-car-pile-up-shelton-closes-roadway |archive-date=24 March 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
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|23 December 2009||United Kingdom (Multiple locations on the [[M27 motorway]]; [[Hampshire]], England)|| ||36||43||Severe black ice, freezing fog, and deep snow led to a pileup on the [[M27 motorway]] westbound at Rownhams services involving 20 vehicles, and another pileup eastbound between J7 for [[Hedge End]] and [[Botley, Hampshire|Botley]] and J8 for [[Bursledon]] and [[Netley]] involving 23 vehicles. 
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|10 February 2010||United States ([[Williamsburg, Virginia]])|| ||7||50||Near [[Williamsburg, Virginia]], whiteout conditions around 9:00&nbsp;am led to a fifty-car [[pileup]] on a stretch of westbound [[I-64]]. The collision took hours to clear, and seven people suffered minor injuries requiring hospitalization.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.wavy.com/dpp/news/local_news/winter-weather-causes-50car-pileup|access-date=11 February 2010|title=Winter weather causes 50 car pile-up|publisher=[[WAVY]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100212085309/http://www.wavy.com/dpp/news/local_news/winter-weather-causes-50car-pileup|archive-date=12 February 2010}}</ref>
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|14 February 2010||United States (Multiple locations in the [[Kansas City Metropolitan Area]])|| ||13||140||Whiteout conditions caused several pileups involving 140<ref name="kansascity.com">[http://www.kansascity.com/105/story/1748720.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218113959/http://www.kansascity.com/105/story/1748720.html|date=18 February 2010}}</ref> vehicles, including two [[Greyhound Lines|Greyhound]] buses,<ref name="cbsnews.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/weather-causes-massive-crashes-in-midwest/ |title=Weather Causes Massive Crashes in Midwest |publisher=CBS News |date=14 February 2010 |access-date=13 August 2010}}</ref> in the [[Kansas City Metropolitan Area|Kansas City]] area. The largest pileup along [[Interstate 70 in Kansas|I-70]] and [[K-7 (Kansas highway)|K-7]] near the city of [[Bonner Springs, Kansas]], involved 40 vehicles.<ref name="kansascity.com"/><ref name="cbsnews.com"/><ref name="stltoday.com">[https://stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/stlouiscitycounty/story/144D0AC7CDDCAAD9862576CB0015EEBD?OpenDocument] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218150411/http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/stlouiscitycounty/story/144D0AC7CDDCAAD9862576CB0015EEBD?OpenDocument|date=18 February 2010}}</ref> No fatalities or critical injuries were reported. The collision closed I-70 for several hours so emergency workers and crews could clean up the area. The same day, also in the Kansas City metro area, a separate pileup also caused by whiteout conditions involving at least 20 vehicles closed parts of [[Interstate 35 in Kansas|I-35]] near 87th Street.<ref name="cbsnews.com"/> No fatalities or serious injuries were reported there as well.<ref name="cbsnews.com"/> The collisions sent 13 people to area hospitals.<ref name="stltoday.com"/>
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|16 November 2010||United States ([[Carroll County, Virginia]])||2||16||75||Heaving fog resulting in zero visibility led to crashes on [[Interstate 77]] in [[Carroll County, Virginia]], in both the northbound and southbound lanes between mile markers 4 & 7 in the area of [[Fancy Gap, Virginia|Fancy Gap]], with a total of 75 vehicles involved.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thecarrollnews.com/view/full_story/10334411/article-Two-die-in-75-car-pileup-on-I-77|title=Two die in 75-car pileup on I-77|work=thecarrollnews.com|date=16 November 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403093034/http://www.thecarrollnews.com/view/full_story/10334411/article-Two-die-in-75-car-pileup-on-I-77|archive-date=3 April 2013}}</ref>
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|8 April 2011||Germany ([[Rostock]])||10||74||data-sort-value="80"|80+||A sandstorm caused an 80-car pileup on [[Bundesautobahn 19|Autobahn 19]] near [[Rostock]], Germany, in both directions, leading to 10 dead and 74 injured.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-13023407 | work=BBC News | title=Germany: Freak sandstorm causes deadly motorway pile-up | date=9 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SplVq2g3U0I |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/SplVq2g3U0I |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live| via=YouTube | title=Deadly Sandstorm: Video of 80 car pile-up in Germany, 10 dead, dozens injured | date=9 April 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
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|15 September 2011||[[Brazil]] ([[São Paulo]])||1||49||300||Heavy fog led to a collision on [[Rodovia dos Imigrantes]] at [[São Paulo]], Brazil, involving around 300 vehicles, leading to several injuries and one person dead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/975971-engavetamento-mata-1-e-envolve-300-carros-diz-pm-pista-da-imigrantes-e-liberada.shtml |title=Folha.com – Cotidiano – Engavetamento mata 1 e envolve 300 carros, diz PM; pista da Imigrantes é liberada – 15/09/2011 |publisher=.folha.uol.com.br |date=15 September 2011 |access-date=2011-11-05}}</ref>
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|[[2011 M5 motorway crash|4 November 2011]]||United Kingdom ([[Taunton]], England)||7||51||34||Dense fog caused a multiple-vehicle collision occurred on the [[M5 motorway]] near Taunton, Somerset, in [[South West England]]. The crash involved dozens of cars and articulated lorries; a large fireball ensued. It was concluded that the cause of the crash was dense fog.
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|1 December 2011||United States ([[Sumner County, Tennessee]])||1||data-sort-value="18"|16–18||176||"Heavy, heavy fog" led to three separate chain-reaction crashes on [[Tennessee State Route 386]] (Vietnam Veterans Boulevard) and Saundersville Road near [[Hendersonville, Tennessee|Hendersonville]] in [[Sumner County, Tennessee]], United States, north of [[Nashville]]. It involved 176 vehicles, leading to one death and 16–18 injuries. A fog advisory was not in effect for the area at the time of the crashes.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dave |last=Alsup |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/12/01/us/tennessee-crashes/index.html |title=1 dead, 16 injured in Tennessee crashes involving 176 cars |publisher=CNN |date= 1 December 2011|access-date=2011-12-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newschannel5.com/story/16162946/one-killed-18-injured-in-55-car-pileup-on-vietnam-vets-blvd |title=One Killed, 18 Injured in 55-Car Pileup on Vietnam Vets Blvd. |publisher=NewsChannel5.com |date=1 December 2011 |access-date=2011-12-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203113213/http://www.newschannel5.com/story/16162946/one-killed-18-injured-in-55-car-pileup-on-vietnam-vets-blvd |archive-date=3 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Scott |last=Sutton |url=http://www.wsmv.com/story/16163028/vietnam-vets-wreck |title=1 killed, 16 injured after 50-car pileup on Vietnam Vets Blvd. |publisher=WSMV.com |date=1 December 2011 |access-date=2011-12-01 |archive-date=22 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052957/http://www.wsmv.com/story/16163028/vietnam-vets-wreck |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wkrn.com/story/16163338/multi-vehicle-pileup |title=100-plus vehicles involved in pileup, 1 dead, several injured |publisher=WRKN.com |date=1 December 2011 |access-date=2011-12-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203210455/http://www.wkrn.com/story/16163338/multi-vehicle-pileup |archive-date=3 December 2011}}</ref>
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|3 December 2011||[[Turkey]] ([[Büyükçekmece]], near [[Istanbul]])||1||14||134||Heavy fog and a slippery road led to an accident on the [[Istanbul]] [[Trans European Motorway]] involving 134 cars with one dead and 14 injured.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TEM'de 134 araç birbirine girdi |last=Bozarslan |first=Felat |work=hurriyet.com.tr |date=4 December 2011 |access-date=26 November 2023 |url= https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/temde-134-arac-birbirine-girdi-19382783 }}</ref>

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|5 December 2011||[[Japan]] ([[Shimonoseki]], [[Yamaguchi Prefecture]])||0||10||14||A slippery road caused a pileup in the Chugoku expressway in [[Shimonoseki]], Japan, and injured 10 people. It is believed to be one of the most expensive pileups, having 8 [[Ferraris]], 3 [[Mercedes-Benz]], a [[Lamborghini]], and 2 [[Toyota Prius]] being involved in the crash.<ref name="theguardian.com">{{Cite web |last=McCurry |first=Justin |date=5 December 2011 |title=Ferraris destroyed in costly Japan motorway pile-up |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/dec/05/ferraris-destroyed-japan-motorway-pileup |access-date=22 July 2024 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>
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|29 December 2011||United States ([[New Orleans, Louisiana]])||2||59||40||Heavy fog and smoke from a nearby ongoing marsh fire in New Orleans East led to a pileup on [[I-10]] in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]], with about 40 vehicles involved and at least 50 injuries (22 serious).<ref name="wwltv.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwltv.com/news/New-Orleans-East-Residents-React-to-Massive-I-10-Pileup-136409493.html|title=After massive I-10 pileup, New Orleans East residents point to poor lighting|access-date=2012-11-26|work=wwltv.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711092117/http://www.wwltv.com/news/New-Orleans-East-Residents-React-to-Massive-I-10-Pileup-136409493.html|archive-date=11 July 2012}}</ref>
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|29 January 2012||United States ([[Gainesville, Florida]])||11||18||16||A combination of fire smoke and fog ("superfog") blinded drivers and resulted in a pileup on [[Interstate 75]] in [[Gainesville, Florida|Gainesville]], Florida. 
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|3 February 2012||[[Finland]] ([[Helsinki]])||0||data-sort-value="40"|40+||data-sort-value="100"|100+||On [[European route E75]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]], heavy snow and icy road conditions caused accidents with more than 100 cars involved and more than 40 injured (1 critically).<ref name="hooniverse.com">{{cite web|url=http://hooniverse.com/2012/02/03/the-day-helsinki-stood-still-snow-chaos-with-video/|title=The Day Helsinki Stood Still – Snow Chaos With Video|access-date=2012-02-18|work=hooniverse.com|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125124838/http://hooniverse.com/2012/02/03/the-day-helsinki-stood-still-snow-chaos-with-video/|archive-date=25 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="www.hs.fi">{{cite web|url=http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Accidents+galore+and+massive+delays+in+Helsinki+public+transport+as+snow+and+ice+compound+the+chilly+conditions+/1135270321801|title=More than 40 injured in multiple accidents and massive delays to Helsinki public transport as snow and ice compound the chilly conditions|access-date=2012-02-18|work=Helsingin Sanomat}}</ref>
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|5 October 2012||United States (between [[Sarasota County, Florida|Sarasota County]] and [[Manatee County, Florida|Manatee County]], [[Florida]])||0||52||47||On [[Interstate 75 in Florida|Interstate I-75 Southbound]] on the University Blvd. overpass on the Sarasota/Manatee County line, [[Florida]], white-out rain led to 12 separate crashes involving 47 vehicles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=52 hurt in multiple-vehicle pileup on I-75 in Florida {{!}} CNN |author= |work=CNN |date=6 October 2012 |access-date=26 November 2023 |url= https://www.cnn.com/2012/10/05/us/florida-pileup/index.html}}</ref>
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|22 November 2012||United States ([[Jefferson County, Texas|Jefferson County]], [[Texas]])||2||100||data-sort-value="100"|100+||On [[Interstate 10|Interstate I-10]], [[Jefferson County, Texas|Jefferson County]], [[Texas]], a 150-vehicle pileup in both directions due to fog leaves 2 dead, 100 hurt.<ref name="www.latimes.com">{{Cite news|url=https://latimes.com/news/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-150-car-pileup-texas-highway-20121122,0,3316743.story|title=150-vehicle pileup on foggy Texas highway leaves 2 dead, 100 hurt|access-date=2012-11-22|work=Los Angeles Times|first=Matt|last=Pearce|date=22 November 2012}}</ref>
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|15 January 2013||[[Sweden]] ([[Helsingborg]], [[Skåne County|Scania]])||1||46||80||On the [[European route E4]] Klippan on Tranarp bridge near [[Helsingborg]], [[Skåne County|southwestern]] [[Sweden]], one person died and more than 40 were injured after up to 80 vehicles crashed into one another due to dense fog and slippery road conditions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thelocal.se/45626/20130115/ |title=100-car pile-up kills one, leaves dozens injured - The Local |date=15 January 2013 |publisher=Thelocal.se |access-date=2013-02-07}}</ref><ref>https://www.msb.se/Upload/Kunskapsbank/Statistik_larande/img/Faktablad%20Trafikolycka%20Tranarpsbron.pdf|Swedish {{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} civil contingencies agency fact sheet (in Swedish)</ref>
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|21 January 2013||United States ([[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]])||1||27||103||On [[Interstate 275 (Ohio–Indiana–Kentucky)|Interstate 275]] in [[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]], flash snowburst caused a large pileup with many injuries. A 12-year-old girl was killed.<ref>{{cite news |date=2013-01-21 |title=Scores of vehicles snared in Ohio highway pileups |url=https://usanx.com/southwest-ohio-highway-pileup-involving-at-least-86-vehicles-one-girl-dies/ |access-date=2013-02-07}} </ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20130124/NEWS/301240159/275-accident-grows-96-cars |title=I-275 accident grows to 96 cars |publisher=Cincinnati.com |access-date=2013-02-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20130128/BIZ/301280020/IN-DEPTH-275-pile-up-leads-piles-paperwork |title=IN-DEPTH: I-275 pile-up leads to piles of paperwork |publisher=Cincinnati.com |access-date=2013-02-07}}</ref>
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|21 January 2013||United States ([[Middletown, Ohio|Middletown]], [[Ohio]])||0||9||52||On [[Interstate 75]] in [[Middletown, Ohio]], flash snowburst caused a large pileup. Same storm as the Cincinnati 103-vehicle collision that killed a 12-year-old girl.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.middletownjournal.com/news/news/several-vehicles-in-i-75-crash-pileup/nT3cm/ |title='White-out' conditions lead to 52-vehicle pileup on I-75 |publisher=middletownjournal.com |access-date=2013-02-07 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215713/http://www.middletownjournal.com/news/news/several-vehicles-in-i-75-crash-pileup/nT3cm/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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|25 January 2013||Canada ([[Oshawa]], [[Ontario]])||0||5||80||80-vehicle pileup occurred on [[Highway 401]] east of [[Oshawa]], Ontario, Canada.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/hwy-401-reopens-after-80-vehicle-pileup-1.1404179 |title=Hwy. 401 reopens after 80-vehicle pileup |publisher=CBC News |date=2013-01-26 |access-date=2013-02-07}}</ref>
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|31 January 2013||United States ([[Detroit]], [[Michigan]])||3||data-sort-value="20"|20+||data-sort-value="35"|35+||On [[Interstate 75 in Michigan|Interstate 75]] in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], flash snowburst caused a pileup along an urbanized section of Interstate 75 in Detroit, killing a 46-year-old [[Allen Park, Michigan|Allen Park]] man, and two children from nearby [[Windsor, Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.myfoxdetroit.com/story/20932025/cell-phone-video-shows-moments-after-deadly-i-75-pileup|title=Cell phone video shows moments after deadly I-75 pileup|publisher=Fox News Channel|date=1 February 2013|access-date=2015-01-19|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119082013/http://www.myfoxdetroit.com/story/20932025/cell-phone-video-shows-moments-after-deadly-i-75-pileup|archive-date=19 January 2015}}</ref>
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|31 March 2013||United States ([[Carroll County, Virginia]])||3||25||95||On [[Interstate 77]] in [[Carroll County, Virginia]], approximately 95 vehicles were involved in a collision on the southbound lane of I-77 near the base of Fancy Gap Mountain near [[Fancy Gap, Virginia]]. Virginia State Police say that excessive fog could be to blame for the collision. Three people were killed.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.wdbj7.com/news/wdbj7-traffic-alert-multivehicle-accidents-causing-major-backups-on-i77-in-carroll-county-20130331,0,4780743.story|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130412040718/http://www.wdbj7.com/news/wdbj7-traffic-alert-multivehicle-accidents-causing-major-backups-on-i77-in-carroll-county-20130331,0,4780743.story|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 April 2013|title=UPDATED: 95 cars involved in I-77 crash in Carroll County|work=WDBJ7 Web Staff|date=31 March 2013}}</ref>
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|5 September 2013||United Kingdom ([[Kent]], England)||0||60||data-sort-value="130"|130+|| 60 people were injured as more than 130 vehicles were involved in a series of crashes in thick fog on the A249 Sheppey crossing in [[Kent]], UK.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-kent-23970047 | work=BBC News | title=Sheppey crossing crash: Dozens hurt as 130 vehicles crash | date=5 September 2013}}</ref>
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|3 December 2013||[[Belgium]] ([[Zonnebeke]], [[West Flanders]])||2||67||132|| One person was killed and 67 injured as 132 vehicles were involved in a triple chain collision in thick fog on the A19 in [[Zonnebeke]], Belgium.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.deredactie.be/permalink/1.1793593 | work=VRT News | title=Drievoudige kettingbotsing op A19 bij Zonnebeke | date=3 December 2013}}</ref> A second person died four days later.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.deredactie.be/permalink/1.1798539 | work=VRT News | title=Kettingbotsing A19 eist tweede mensenleven | date=7 December 2013}}</ref>
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|23 January 2014||United States ([[LaPorte County, Indiana]])||3||data-sort-value="20"|20+||data-sort-value="46"|~46||[[Lake-effect snow]] caused a pileup involving more than 40 vehicles on [[Interstate 94 in Indiana|Interstate 94]] in [[LaPorte County, Indiana]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/laporte/michigan-city/westbound-i--reopens-after-fatal-michigan-city-pileup/article_f64bfd25-b051-5add-97c8-07c5fced4d98.html |work=[[The Times of Northwest Indiana]] |title=Westbound I-94 Reopens after Fatal Michigan City Pileup |date=24 January 2014 |first=Lauri Harvey |last=Keagle |access-date=24 January 2014 }}</ref>
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|14 February 2014||United States ([[Delaware Valley|Philadelphia Metropolitan Area]], [[Pennsylvania]])||0||30||100||Up to 105 vehicles were involved in multiple collisions on the eastbound lanes of the [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]] between [[Willow Grove, Pennsylvania|Willow Grove]] and [[Bensalem, Pennsylvania|Bensalem]]. One collision involved about 75 vehicles while another incident further east involved about 30 vehicles. There were a total of 30 injuries. The collisions were a result of icy conditions from a [[February 11–17, 2014 North American winter storm|winter storm]].<ref>{{cite news|title=UPDATE: Pa. Turnpike Reopened After Massive Crash, All-Day Closure|publisher=[[KYW-TV]]|location=Philadelphia, PA|date=14 February 2014|url=http://philadelphia.cbslocal.com/2014/02/14/approximately-100-cars-involved-in-crashes-on-pennsylvania-turnpike/|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>
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|27 February 2014||Canada ([[Barrie]], [[Ontario]])||0|| ||96||On [[Ontario Highway 400]] south of [[Barrie]], 96 vehicles were involved in collisions at about 9am during a [[Snowsquall|snow squall]], reducing visibility to "a few feet". The incident resulted in the closure of Highway 400 between [[Highway 89]] and Mapleview Drive. Both lanes on that stretch of highway were closed for most of the day until early evening.<ref>{{cite news|title=Highway 400 south of Barrie reopens after 96-vehicle pileup|publisher=[[CBC News]]|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/highway-400-south-of-barrie-reopens-after-96-vehicle-pileup-1.2553489|access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref>
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|1 March 2014||United States ([[Denver]], [[Colorado]])||1||30||104||Heavy snow caused a pileup involving 104 vehicles on [[Interstate 25 in Colorado|Interstate 25]] in [[Denver]], Colorado, United States.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.denverpost.com/weathernews/ci_25254464/snow-related-accidents-close-westbound-i-70-at |work=[[The Denver Post]] |title=I-25 Pileup: 104 Vehicles Involved, 1 Killed, 30 Hospitalized after Snowy Disaster |date=1 March 2014 |first1=Kirk |last1=Mitchell |first2=Alison |last2=Noon |access-date=3 March 2014 }}</ref>
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|12 March 2014||United States ([[Sandusky County, Ohio|Sandusky County]], [[Ohio]])||3||data-sort-value="30"|"numerous"||90||Heavy snow caused two crashes involving ninety vehicles on the [[Ohio Turnpike]] ([[Interstate 80 in Ohio|Interstate 80]]/[[Interstate 90 in Ohio|90]]) in [[Sandusky County, Ohio]], United States.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/Police-Fire/2014/03/15/Debris-cleared-from-turnpike-fatal-crash-site.html |work=[[The Blade (Toledo)|The Blade]] |title=Debris Cleared from Turnpike Fatal Crash Site |date=15 March 2014 |first=Vanessa |last=McCray |access-date=15 March 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sanduskyregister.com/article/fatal-turnpike-pileup/5430981 |work=[[Sandusky Register]] |title=Turnpike Open, But Slow Going |date=14 March 2014 |first=Courtney |last=Astolfi |access-date=15 March 2014 |archive-date=15 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315173506/http://www.sanduskyregister.com/article/fatal-turnpike-pileup/5430981 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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|14 October 2014||[[South Africa]] ([[Alberton, South Africa|Alberton]])||4||54||47||A 47-vehicle pileup occurred during morning traffic on N12 Freeway near [[Alberton, South Africa]], heading east. Four people were confirmed dead and nine were critically injured.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/N12-blocked-off-after-Alberton-accident-20141014 | work=News 24 | title=South Africa: Truck brake failure leads to multiple car pile up | date=14 October 2014}}</ref>
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|9 January 2015||United States ([[Galesburg, Michigan|Galesburg]], [[Michigan]])||1||23||193||Nearly 200 vehicles, including 76 semi trucks, were involved in a pileup on [[Interstate 94 in Michigan|Interstate 94]] near [[Galesburg, Michigan]],<ref>{{cite news | url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/huge-highway-pile-triggers-fireworks-evacuation/story?id=28113629 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |title=170 Vehicle Pile-Up Triggers Fireworks and Evacuation |date= 9 January 2015 |access-date=12 January 2017}}</ref> amidst a heavy snowstorm that brought nearly a foot of snow to the area. One of the trucks was carrying a load of fireworks, which caught fire and exploded, injuring two firefighters. The only fatality was a 57-year-old truck driver from [[Quebec]], Canada.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wzzm13.com/story/news/local/kalamazoo/2015/01/09/closed-serious-crash/21493615 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150117120742/http://www.wzzm13.com/story/news/local/kalamazoo/2015/01/09/closed-serious-crash/21493615 |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 January 2015 |publisher=[[WZZM]] |title=One dead, 23 hurt in fiery 193-vehicle I-94 pileup |date=9 January 2015 |access-date=9 January 2015 }}</ref>
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|18 January 2015||United States ([[Upper Merion, Pennsylvania|Upper Merion]], [[Pennsylvania]])||1||30||60||Icy roads led to a 60-car pileup on [[Interstate 76 in Pennsylvania|Interstate 76]] in [[Upper Merion, Pennsylvania]]. One man was killed when he got out of his car after the collision and was hit by another car. 30 more people were injured.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/25-Vehicle-Crash-on-Interstate-76-in-Mongtomery-County-288958611.html|work=[[NBC]] |title=1 Dead, 30 Hurt in Massive I-76 Pileup in Montgomery County|date=18 January 2015 |access-date=19 January 2015 }}</ref><ref name="gawk2015">{{cite news|url=http://gawker.com/at-least-three-dead-and-dozens-injured-in-northeast-pil-1680344187 |work=[[Gawker]] |title=At Least Three Dead and Dozens Injured in Northeast Pileups |date=18 January 2015 |access-date=19 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119061720/http://gawker.com/at-least-three-dead-and-dozens-injured-in-northeast-pil-1680344187 |archive-date=19 January 2015}}</ref>
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|11 February 2015||[[South Korea]] ([[Incheon]])||2||65||106||A 106-car pileup on [[Yeongjong Bridge]] in [[Incheon]], South Korea, killed two and injured more than 65 people. The event was caught on tape from a vehicle's dashcam.<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-31403615 |title = Two dead in 100-car South Korea pile-up |publisher = [[BBC]] |date= 11 February 2015 |access-date = 11 February 2015}}</ref>
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|25 February 2015||United States ([[Penobscot County, Maine]])||0||17||75||A 75-car pileup on [[Interstate 95 in Maine|Interstate 95]] in [[Penobscot County, Maine]], United States, was noted as possibly Maine's largest single traffic collision.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://bangordailynews.com/2015/02/26/news/bangor/police-witnesses-piece-together-details-of-75-car-crash-on-i-95/ |title=Police, witnesses piece together details of 75-car crash on I-95|first=Nok-Noi |last=Ricker |work=[[Bangor Daily News]] |date=26 February 2015 |access-date=27 February 2015}}</ref>
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|30 January 2016||[[Slovenia]] ([[Senožeče]])||4||30||data-sort-value="70"|70+||A 55-car pileup on A1 motorway near [[Senožeče]], Slovenia killed five and injured more than 30.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Motorway pile-up death toll rising|url = http://www.sloveniatimes.com/motorway-pile-up-death-toll-rising|website = sloveniatimes.com|date = 30 January 2016|access-date = 2016-01-31|archive-date = 19 May 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210519015519/https://sloveniatimes.com/motorway-pile-up-death-toll-rising/|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title = Four die in Slovenian 50-car pile-up|url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/31/four-die-in-slovenian-50-car-pile-up|newspaper = The Guardian|date = 2016-01-30|access-date = 2016-01-31|issn = 0261-3077|language = en-GB|agency = Agence France-Presse}}</ref>
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|13 February 2016||United States ([[Lebanon County, Pennsylvania]])||3||data-sort-value="25"|25+||50||Icy conditions caused a pileup on the [[Interstate 80 in Pennsylvania|I-78 Freeway]] in [[Pennsylvania]], resulting in the deaths of 3 people. 50 cars were involved and at least 25 people were injured.<ref>{{Cite web|agency=The Associated|date=February 13, 2016|title=At least 3 dead, scores injured after huge Pa. pileup|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2016/02/13/killed-scores-injured-after-huge-pennsylvania-pileup/Y97PGWiiwzZ8nWLyvIuR7H/story.html|access-date=2021-02-15|website=BostonGlobe.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Almasy |first1=Steve |last2=Marco |first2=Tony |name-list-style=and |date=2016-02-13 |title=Deadly I-78 pileup: Dozens of vehicles collide on Pennsylvania highway |url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/02/13/us/pennsylvania-interstate-deadly-pileup/index.html |access-date=2021-02-15 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>
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|22 February 2016||[[Norway]] ([[Eidsvåg, Bergen]])||0||5||60||Unforeseen slippery roads during morning rush hours took motorists by surprise; there were 60 cars in the pileup on E39 near [[Bergen]], Norway.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.bt.no/nyheter/trafikk/Kjedekollisjon-med-60-biler-pa-E39-3548194.html |title=Kjedekollisjon med 60 biler på E39 |newspaper=Bergens Tidende |access-date=26 November 2023 |archive-date=31 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531051936/http://www.bt.no/nyheter/trafikk/Kjedekollisjon-med-60-biler-pa-E39-3548194.html |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
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|13 March 2016||United States ([[Alamance County, North Carolina]])||0||20||130||At least 130 cars piled up on [[Interstate 85]]/[[Interstate 40]] in [[Alamance County, North Carolina]], United States. The crash is thought to be a result of slippery roads caused by thunderstorms in the area at the time.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.newsobserver.com/news/traffic/article65888212.html|title=130-plus vehicles involved in series of wrecks on I-40 in Alamance County|date=13 March 2016|newspaper=The News & Observer|access-date=23 October 2016}}</ref>
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|22 November 2016||[[China]] ([[Shanxi]])||17||37||56||Snowy road conditions on an expressway linking [[Beijing]] and [[Kunming]] in the [[North China]] province of [[Shanxi]] caused a total of 56 vehicles to crash into each other, resulting in 17 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |title=56-car China motorway pile-up kills 17 as dozens of vehicles crash |author= |work=the Guardian |date=22 November 2016 |access-date=26 November 2023 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/22/china-motorway-pile-up-kills-17-as-dozens-of-vehicles-crash}}</ref>
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|8 December 2016||United States ([[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]])||0||20||50||A 50-vehicle pileup on Interstate 90 in [[Concord Township, Lake County, Ohio|Concord Township]], Ohio on the east side of [[Cleveland]], Ohio, at mile marker 202.3 (between OH-44 and Vrooman Road) happened as a result of overnight heavy lake-effect snow. It seems to have had 15 semi trucks and 35 cars involved.<ref>{{Cite news|title = 50-vehicle pileup shuts down Ohio freeway|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/12/09/heavy-snow-triggers-50-car-pileup-ohio/95196868/}}</ref>
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|5 February 2018||United States ([[Ames, Iowa]])||1||5||data-sort-value="50"|50–70||Icy conditions led to a pileup on [[Interstate 35 in Iowa#Central Iowa|Interstate 35]] near [[Ames, Iowa]], involving at least 15 semi trucks and 35 cars. One fatality and five critically injured people were reported.<ref>{{Cite news|title = Ames, Iowa, Interstate Reopens After Deadly 70-Car Pileup|url=https://weather.com/news/news/2018-02-05-midwest-snow-iowa-pileup}}</ref>
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|15 February 2019||United States ([[Oak Grove, Jackson County, Missouri|Oak Grove, Missouri]])||1||0||47||A 47-vehicle pileup occurred on [[Interstate 70 in Missouri|Interstate 70]] near [[Oak Grove, Jackson County, Missouri|Oak Grove, Missouri]], due to icy roads and white-out conditions. One fatality was reported.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hopkins |first=Anna |title=Dramatic 47-car pile up in Missouri leaves at least one dead |url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/dramatic-47-car-pile-up-in-missouri-leaves-at-least-one-dead |publisher=[[Fox News Channel]] |access-date=17 February 2019 |date=16 February 2019 }}</ref>
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|24 February 2019||United States ([[Neenah, Wisconsin]])||1||71||131||White-out conditions and winds in excess of 50&nbsp;mph contributed to a 131 vehicle pileup on [[Interstate 41 in Wisconsin|Interstate 41]] near [[Neenah, Wisconsin]]. The crash resulted in 1 dead and 71 injured.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sheriff: 1 dead after 131-vehicle pileup in Winnebago Co. |url=https://fox11online.com/news/local/winnebago-sheriff-one-person-dead-after-massive-pile-up?jwsource=cl |publisher=[[Fox News Channel]] |access-date=25 February 2019 |date=24 February 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=131-vehicle pileup on I-41 in Neenah kills one person and injures 71 others | url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/weather/2019/02/24/wisconsin-weather-travel-difficult-impossible-winds-and-blizzard-conditions/2971353002/ | work=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]] | access-date=25 February 2019 | date=24 February 2019}}</ref>
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|5 March 2019||United States ([[Hudson, Ohio]])||0||25||data-sort-value="100"|~100||White-out conditions and icy roads caused a 90 to 100 car pileup on Route 8 northbound in [[Hudson, Ohio]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news5cleveland.com/Dozens-of-cars-totaled-in-Route-8-pile-up-25-people-transported-to-hospital|title=Dozens of cars totaled in Route 8 pile-up|date=2019-03-06|publisher=WEWS|language=en|access-date=2019-03-07}}</ref>
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|23 March 2019||United States ([[Grapevine, California]])||1||12||50||With fog visibility of 100 feet, there was a pileup on the Southbound side of [[Interstate 5]] South of [[Grapevine, California|Grapevine]] at Gorman School Road. A toddler passed away days later.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abc7.com/5229322/|title=Toddler dies days after fog causes Grapevine pileup|date=2019-04-01|website=ABC7 Los Angeles|language=en|access-date=2019-04-14}}</ref>
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|[[2019 Lakewood semi-truck crash|25 April 2019]]||United States ([[Lakewood, Colorado|Lakewood]], [[Colorado]])||4||7||28||A semi driver slammed into rush hour traffic, starting a pile up and massive fire that killed four people and injured seven others in [[Lakewood, Colorado|Lakewood]], Colorado.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coloradosun.com/2019/04/26/interstate-70-crash-lakewood-death-toll/|title=4 killed in fiery I-70 crash in west Lakewood|date=2019-04-26|website=The Colorado Sun|language=en|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref>
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|22 December 2019||United States ([[Williamsburg, Virginia]])||0||51||69||Near [[Williamsburg, Virginia]], 69 vehicles collided in foggy conditions on [[Interstate 64 in Virginia|Interstate 64]] on the westbound portion of Queens Creek Bridge.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://wtvr.com/2019/12/22/bray-hollowell-apocalyptic-69-car-pileup-on-i-64-fog-and-ice/|title='It got really foggy really quick' before 'apocalyptic' 69-car pileup, witness says|last=Harmon|first=Gabrielle|date=22 December 2019|publisher=[[CBS]]|access-date=22 December 2019}}</ref>
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|19 February 2020||Canada ([[La Prairie, Quebec|La Prairie]], [[Quebec]])||2||data-sort-value="70"|~70||data-sort-value="200"|200+||White-out conditions on [[Quebec Autoroute 15|Highway 15]] caused a pile-up involving more than 200 vehicles in [[La Prairie, Quebec|La Prairie]], a suburb of the Canadian city of [[Montreal]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-19|title=Nearly 70 injured as 200 vehicles involved in pile-up in snowy Montreal|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/19/montreal-canada-pile-up-accident-highway|access-date=2021-05-20|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref>
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|1 March 2020||United States ([[Wamsutter, Wyoming]])||3||30||120||Near [[Wamsutter, Wyoming]], over 100 vehicles collided in near-zero visibility conditions while semi-trailers toppled over in high winds. Vehicles were unable to stop as there was also black ice on [[Interstate 80 in Wyoming|Interstate 80]] on both sides of the highway, westbound and eastbound portions between Rawlins and Wamsutter. People report being stuck on the highway for over nine hours before emergency teams were able to clear the roadway.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/wyoming-pileup-interstate-80-severe-weather-winter-fatal-injured-blowing-snow|work=[[Fox News|FOX]]|access-date=3 March 2020|title=Wyoming pileup involved over 100 vehicles in crashes on Interstate 80, 'rolling closures' in effect |date=3 March 2020 }}</ref>
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|11 February 2021||United States ([[Fort Worth, Texas]])||6||data-sort-value="65"|65+||133||[[Freezing rain]] resulted in 133<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/OkNzTbzMikM Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20210223073103/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkNzTbzMikM&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkNzTbzMikM| title = 'Major Catastrophe,' 133 Cars, 6 Dead In Deadly Pileup | website=[[YouTube]]| date = 11 February 2021 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> vehicles being involved in a crash on [[Interstate 35W (Texas)|Interstate 35W]] near [[Fort Worth, Texas]]. It was the worst pile-up in Texas history with more than 65 people hospitalized and at least six people dead. Multiple people were trapped in their vehicles as well and had to be rescued. The scene of the crash spanned over 1.5 miles.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-11|title=5 dead, 30 taken to hospital after 70-vehicle pileup in Fort Worth|last= Marfin|first= Catherine|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/weather/2021/02/11/winter-weather-causes-hazardous-conditions-on-north-texas-roads/|access-date=2021-02-11|website=dallasnews|language=en-US}}</ref>
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|19 June 2021||United States ([[Butler County, Alabama]])||10||||18||Rain from [[Tropical Storm Claudette (2021)|Tropical Storm Claudette]] resulted in a pile-up of 18 vehicles on the [[Interstate 65]] in [[Butler County, Alabama]]. Ten were killed, including nine children.
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|25 July 2021||United States ([[Millard County, Utah]])||8||data-sort-value="11"|>10||22||A severe sandstorm resulted in a pile-up of 22 vehicles on [[Interstate 15]] in [[Millard County, Utah]]. Eight were killed, including four children under the age of 15.<ref>{{Cite news|title=At least 8 killed in 22-car pileup in Utah during sandstorm|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/killed-20-car-pileup-utah-sandstorm-79054023|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ABC News|language=en}}</ref>
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|[[Mexico toll booth interstate disaster|7 November 2021]]||[[Mexico]] (between [[Mexico City]] and [[Puebla]])||19||3||data-sort-value="19"|Many||A shampoo truck smashed into cars at a toll booth on the [[Mexican Federal Highway]] connecting [[Mexico City]] with [[Puebla]], causing a large fire.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-07|title=At least 19 dead as truck smashes into cars at toll booth in Mexico|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/truck-crash-mexico-deaths-highway-b1953040.html|access-date=2021-11-09|website=The Independent|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-06|title=19 dead in Mexico when truck crashes into cars at toll booth|url=https://apnews.com/article/mexico-media-accidents-6927dc275e6a3b9beefca245889be485|access-date=2021-11-09|website=AP NEWS|language=en}}</ref>
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|5 January 2022||United States ([[Monmouth County, New Jersey]])||0||7||65||On the workweek morning of January 5, early morning rain falling with temps below freezing led to widespread black ice across the Philadelphia and New York City metro areas. In [[Monmouth County, New Jersey]], black ice over the Route 18/36 flyovers led to 2 car pileups in both directions. 50 vehicles were involved in the second crash and 15 were involved in the first. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldman |first=Jeff |date=2022-01-05 |title=50 vehicles involved in icy crash on Route 18, causing serious injuries, police say |url=https://www.nj.com/monmouth/2022/01/50-vehicles-involved-in-icy-crash-on-route-18-causing-serious-injuries-police-say.html |access-date=2023-08-11 |website=NJ.com |language=en}}</ref>
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|12 March 2022||United States ([[Cumberland County, Pennsylvania]])||0||10||73||There was a pileup on [[Pennsylvania Route 581]] in [[Cumberland County, Pennsylvania]], likely caused by a snow squall.<ref>{{cite web |title=PA highway pileup: Rt. 581 reopens after more than 70 cars involved in crash, state police say |url=https://www.fox29.com/news/pa-state-police-rt-581-shut-down-after-more-than-70-cars-involved-in-crash |website=FOX 29 |date=13 March 2022 |access-date=8 July 2022}}</ref>
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|17 March 2022||United States ([[Charleston, Missouri]])||6||||47||There was a pileup on [[Interstate 57]] near [[Charleston, Missouri|Charleston]] in southeastern [[Missouri]], caused by fog<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Vera |first1=Amir |last2=Razek |first2=Raja |last3=Rose |first3=Andy |name-list-style=and |date=17 March 2022 |title=6 dead in Missouri interstate pileup involving 47 vehicles, official says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/17/us/multi-vehicle-crash-missouri-interstate/index.html |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=CNN}}</ref>
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|28 March 2022||United States ([[Minersville, Pennsylvania]])||6||24||80<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/stretch-81-pennsylvania-reopens-deadly-pileup-83757158|title=Police: 6 killed in Pennsylvania pileup of 80 vehicles|website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref>
|There was a crash on [[Interstate 81]] near [[Minersville, Pennsylvania]], due to a [[snow squall]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 March 2022 |title=Six people killed in massive crash on Interstate 81 in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania State Police say |language=en |work=[[WGAL]] |url=https://www.wgal.com/article/six-people-killed-huge-crash-interstate-81-schuylkill-county-pennsylvania/39584931 |access-date=30 March 2022}}</ref>
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|4 November 2022||United States ([[Denver]], [[Colorado]])||0||0||data-sort-value="100"|>100||The accident occurred on 6th Avenue in [[Denver]], [[Colorado]], due to overnight snow and icy roads<ref>{{Cite web |title=100-vehicle crash closes parts of Denver highway following overnight snow |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/100-vehicle-crash-closes-parts-denver-highway-overnight-snow-rcna55680 |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=NBC News |date=4 November 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Ashley R. |title=80-vehicle pileup in Colorado blamed on wintry weather and fast drivers |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2022/11/04/80-car-pileup-denver-amid-snow-icy-roads/8265803001/ |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref>
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|23 December 2022||United States ([[Sandusky County, Ohio]])||4||73||51||This crash occurred on the [[Ohio Turnpike]] in [[Sandusky County, Ohio|Sandusky County]] due at least partially to weather conditions from the [[December 2022 North American winter storm]], as the area was under a level 3 snow emergency and "the crash came amid frigid temps and strong winds."<ref>{{Cite web |author=WTVG Staff |title=OSHP: Four killed in 50-vehicle pileup crash on Ohio Turnpike |url=https://www.13abc.com/2022/12/23/oshp-multiple-people-injured-turnpike-crashes-crews-working-closures/ |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=13abc.com |date=23 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> This crash was still under investigation a month later.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pietrasz |first=Jake |title=BODYCAM: 73 injuries, 4 deaths in Ohio Turnpike 50-vehicle pileup crash, OSHP says |url=https://www.13abc.com/2023/01/23/dec-23-turnpike-crash-resulted-over-70-injuries-multiple-fatalities-crash-report-says/ |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=13abc.com |date=23 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
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|1 May 2023||United States ([[Montgomery County, Illinois]])||data-sort-value="8"|8<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 May 2023 |title=8th person dies after I-55 dust storm crash |language=en |work=[[WLS-TV]] |url=https://abc7chicago.com/dust-storm-illinois-il-in-i-55/13261111/ |access-date=25 August 2023}}</ref>||36||72||This crash occurred on [[Interstate 55]] in [[Montgomery County, Illinois]], due to a dust storm.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Fernando |first1=Christine |last2=Yancey-Bragg |first2=N'dea |date=2 May 2023 |title=Interstate 55 in Illinois reopens after massive dust storm causes pileup, killing 7 people |language=en-US |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/05/02/dust-storm-accident-interstate-55-illinois-6-killed/70173770007/ |access-date=3 May 2023}}</ref>
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|23 October 2023||United States ([[St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana]])||8||63||168||This crash occurred on [[Interstate 55 in Louisiana|Interstate 55]] in [[St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana]] due to a combination of heavy fog and drifting smoke from nearby marsh fires (superfog). This stretch of I-55 from [[Ponchatoula, Louisiana|Ponchatoula]] to [[Manchac, Louisiana|Manchac]] is [[Manchac Swamp Bridge|elevated to pass over swampland below]], and one vehicle fell into the water and partially sunk, while over 100 motorists were left stranded before rescue services could reach the area.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2023 |title=LSP: Seven people killed, 158 vehicles involved in crash along I-55 |url=https://www.wbrz.com/news/lsp-seven-people-killed-158-vehicles-involved-in-crash-along-i-55/ |access-date=2023-10-23 |website=WBRZ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dev |first=S. |date=2023-10-24 |title=At least 8 killed, 63 injured in 168-vehicle pileup on Louisiana highway |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/louisiana-i55-pileup-deaths-superfog/ |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=CBS News |language=en}}</ref>
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|[[2024 Minas Gerais road crash|21 December 2024]]||[[Brazil]] ([[Teófilo Otoni]])||39<ref>{{Cite news |last=Araújo |first=Alex |date=10 January 2025 |title=Corpos das 39 pessoas que morreram em acidente com ônibus em Minas Gerais são identificados |trans-title=Bodies of 39 people who died in bus accident in Minas Gerais are identified|url=https://g1.globo.com/mg/minas-gerais/noticia/2025/01/10/corpos-das-39-pessoas-que-morreram-em-acidente-com-onibus-em-minas-gerais-sao-identificados.ghtml |work=[[G1 (website)|G1]] |language=pt-br }}</ref>||7||3||This crash occurred on [[BR-116 (Brazil highway)|BR-116]] in [[Teófilo Otoni]], [[Minas Gerais]]; according to the [[Federal Highway Police (Brazil)|Federal Highway Police]], the cause of the accident was possibly due to a fall of granite block from a B-train that hit a bus and a car.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Gabriela|last=Sá Pessoa|date=2024-12-21 |title=38 people die in a crash between a passenger bus and a truck in Brazil |url=https://apnews.com/article/brazil-minas-gerais-bus-crash-b521a7fc2626f6b1faaa177d8b8c0fdd |access-date=2024-12-22|work=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-12-21|title=O que sabemos sobre as causas do grave acidente com mais de 30 mortos em MG|url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/sudeste/mg/o-que-sabemos-sobre-as-causas-do-grave-acidente-com-mortos-em-mg/ |work=CNN Brasil|access-date=2024-12-22|language=pt-br}}</ref>
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|7 February 2025
|Canada ([[Orillia|Orillia, Ontario]])
|1
|11
|50-60<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-07 |title=UPDATE: One person killed in 60-car Hwy. 11 pileup, say OPP |url=https://www.orilliamatters.com/police-beat/highway-11-shut-down-in-orillia-after-60-vehicle-pileup-fire-chief-10200958 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=OrilliaMatters.com |language=en}}</ref>
|This crash occurred on [[Ontario Highway 11|King’s Highway 11]] in the city of Orillia, Ontario, after [[Snow squall|snow squalls]]  in the area led to [[Whiteout (weather)|whiteout]] conditions, causing collisions between an estimated 50-60 vehicles. A 49-year-old man was killed and 11 others were hospitalized.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aguilar |first=Phil Tsekouras, Bryann |date=2025-02-08 |title=Man dead, 11 in hospital after Highway 11 pileup in Orillia |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/toronto/article/one-person-dead-multiple-hospitalized-after-highway-11-pileup-in-orillia/ |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=CTVNews |language=en}}</ref>
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|15 February 2025
|Sweden ([[Uppland|Uppland]])
|0
|0-120
|100<
|Two accidents occurred in Uppland on 15 February, one on the E18 in the vicinity of [[Grillby|Grillby]] near [[Enköping|Enköping]] and another on the E4 near [[Uppsala|Uppsala]] due to icy road conditions and low visibility.
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|[[Tornado_outbreak_of_March_14–15,_2025#Fire_weather_and_dust_storms|14 March 2025]]||United States (Western [[Kansas]])||8||30+||71||This crash occurred on [[Interstate 70 in Kansas|Interstate 70]] in northwestern [[Kansas]] between [[Colby, Kansas|Colby]] and [[Goodland, Kansas|Goodland]] due to a dust storm.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stavola |first=Michael |date=March 15, 2025 |title=Eight dead, dozens injured in 71-vehicle accident during dust storm in western Kansas |url=https://www.kansascity.com/news/state/kansas/article302141134.html |access-date=March 15, 2025 |work=[[Kansas City Star]]}}</ref>
|}

==Motorsports==
Multiple vehicle collisions can occur in the restricted courses used in [[motorsports]] as well, most commonly after a green flag (on road courses) being waved following a warm-up lap during the start of the race. Reporters and fans apply subjective guidelines as to what threshold needs to be crossed before a simple on-track incident can be described as such. [[NASCAR]] fans, for example, talk about the "[[The Big One (NASCAR)|Big One]]", where many cars can be or are involved in a wreck while running close together.

==See also==
*[[Aviation accidents and incidents]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Road accidents}}

[[Category:Automotive safety]]
[[Category:Road collisions by type]]
[[Category:Road hazards]]