Editing Naevius Sutorius Macro

{{short description|Prefect of the Praetorian Guard (21 BC - AD 38)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name= Quintus Naevius Cordus Sutorius Macro
| office = [[Praetorian Prefect]]
| term_start = AD 31
| term_end = AD 38
| predecessor = [[Sejanus|Lucius Aelius Sejanus]]
| successor = [[Marcus Arrecinus Clemens (praetorian prefect under Caligula)|Marcus Arrecinus Clemens]] and [[Lucius Arruntius Stella (praetorian prefect)|Lucius Arruntius Stella]]
<!-- | office2= [[List of governors of Roman Egypt|Governor of Roman Egypt]]
| term_start2 = AD 38
| term_end2 = AD 38
| predecessor2 = [[Aulus Avilius Flaccus]]
| successor2 = [[Gaius Vitrasius Pollio (prefect AD 41)|Gaius Vitrasius Pollio]] -->
| birth_date= 21&nbsp;BC
| birth_place= [[Alba Fucens]]
| death_date=AD&nbsp;38 (aged 57 or 58)
| death_place=
| image=
| caption=
| allegiance= [[Roman Empire]]
| serviceyears= 31–38
| rank= [[Praetorian prefect]]
| unit= [[Praetorian Guard]]
| commands=
| battles=
| relations=
}}
[[File:Albafucens2.jpg | thumb | right | alt=An open oval in-ground amphitheater lightly covered with grass | Ruins of the amphitheater of Alba fucens, Macro’s birthplace]]
'''Quintus Naevius Cordus Sutorius Macro''' (21&nbsp;BC – AD&nbsp;38) was a [[Praetorian prefect|prefect]] of the [[Praetorian Guard]], from 31 until 38, serving under the Roman Emperors [[Tiberius]] and [[Caligula]]. Upon falling out of favour, he killed himself.

==Biography==

Macro was born in 21 BC at [[Alba Fucens]], a Roman town at the foot of [[Monte Velino]], situated on a hill just to the north of the [[Via Valeria]] in Italy.<ref>Simon Hornblower, Antony Spawforth (ed.) ''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary|The Oxford Classical Dictionary]]''. Oxford University Press (1996). p. 1458.</ref> Inscriptional evidence from the ruins of this town reveal that, prior to becoming Praetorian prefect, Macro had served as ''[[praefectus vigilum]]'', prefect of the ''[[vigiles]]'', the Roman [[Firefighter|fire brigade]] and night watch. The date of this appointment and the length of his tenure are unknown.<ref name="Bingham 63">Sandra J. Bingham. ''[http://amicus.collectionscanada.ca/s4-bin/Main/ItemDisplay?coll=19&itm=24141235&rsn=S_WWWymaKWJQUZ The praetorian guard in the political and social life of Julio-Claudian Rome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301081225/http://amicus.collectionscanada.ca/s4-bin/Main/ItemDisplay?coll=19&itm=24141235&rsn=S_WWWymaKWJQUZ |date=2017-03-01 }}''. Ottawa: National Library of Canada (1997), p. 63.</ref>

Macro was appointed Praetorian prefect by Tiberius after the arrest of [[Sejanus]]. According to [[Tacitus]], Macro was active in discrediting Sejanus and in directing the subsequent purge against his family and followers. As prefect, Macro wielded considerable influence. He furthered his ambitions by befriending Tiberius' grand-nephew [[Caligula]], one of the Emperor's prospective heirs. According to [[Lives of the Twelve Caesars|Suetonius]], Macro gained further favour by turning a blind eye to his wife [[Ennia Thrasylla]]'s affair with Caligula, around the year 34.<ref name="caligula12">Suetonius, ''The Lives of Twelve Caesars'', Life of Caligula [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Caligula*.html#12 12]</ref>

When Tiberius died in the year 37, Macro sided with the new emperor Caligula. According to Tacitus, Macro even played a role in bringing about Caligula's rise to power, by ordering Tiberius to be killed after it was revealed that reports of his death had been premature: Caligula had begun to take power immediately upon hearing that Tiberius had died of natural causes but without making sure that Tiberius was dead. Tiberius was still alive and, shortly after, was heard calling for food. In order to prevent an embarrassing and potentially dangerous situation, should Tiberius have reacted angrily to Caligula's hasty ascension to power, Macro "ordered the old Emperor to be smothered under a huge heap of clothes."<ref name="tacitus-calig-50">Tacitus, ''Annals'' [[s:The Annals (Tacitus)/Book 6#50|VI.50]]</ref>

Macro was confident of rapid promotion for past services but Emperor Caligula was aware of the potential threat Macro posed and soon removed him from office. According to some sources, Macro was promised the governorship of Egypt but upon arriving at [[Ostia Antica|Ostia]] with Ennia to take ship, he was instead arrested and stripped of his office. Macro committed suicide soon after. Macro was able to leave enough money to provide an amphitheatre for his home town of [[Alba Fucens]].<ref>Barrett, ''Caligula: The Corruption of Power'', p.79</ref>

== Modern depictions ==
* In the 1954 film, ''[[Demetrius and the Gladiators]]'', he was played by Karl (Killer) Davis
* In the 1968 ITV Granada-TV production [[The Caesars (TV series)|''The Caesars'']],  [[Jerome Willis]] played the part of Macro. 
* [[John Rhys-Davies]] played him in the 1976 [[BBC]] serial ''[[I, Claudius (TV series)|I, Claudius]].''
* [[Guido Mannari]] portrays Macro in ''[[Caligula (film)|Caligula]]''.
* In [[Francesco Vezzoli]]'s fake promotional video, ''Trailer for a Remake of Gore Vidal's "Caligula"'', he was played by [[Benicio del Toro]].
* In the 2017 American docu-drama miniseries ''[[Roman Empire (TV series)|Roman Empire]]'', Macro is portrayed by Michael Morris in season 3.
* In the 2018 book [[The Burning Maze]], Macro appears as the owner of military surplus store with [[automaton]] employees.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before= [[Aulus Avilius Flaccus]]}}
{{s-ttl|title= [[List of governors of Roman Egypt|Prefect of Egypt]]|years=''circa'' 38}}
{{s-aft|after= [[Gaius Vitrasius Pollio (prefect AD 41)|Gaius Vitrasius Pollio]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Sejanus|Lucius Aelius Sejanus]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Praetorian prefect]]| years=31–38}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Marcus Arrecinus Clemens (praetorian prefect under Caligula)|Marcus Arrecinus Clemens]],<br>and [[Lucius Arruntius Stella (praetorian prefect)|Lucius Arruntius Stella]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Naevius, Quintus, Cordus Sutorius Macro}}
[[Category:21 BC births]]
[[Category:38 deaths]]
[[Category:1st-century Roman governors of Egypt]]
[[Category:1st-century Romans]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman assassins]]
[[Category:Suicides in Ancient Rome]]
[[Category:Joint suicides]]
[[Category:Naevii|Quintus, Cordus Sutorius Macro]]
[[Category:People from the Province of L'Aquila]]
[[Category:Praetorian prefects]]
[[Category:Praefecti vigilum]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman equites]]