Editing Nathan Deal

{{Short description|American politician (born 1942)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Nathan Deal
| image               = Nathan Deal, April 25, 2017 (cropped).jpg
| caption             = Deal in 2017
| order               = 82nd [[List of governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]]
| lieutenant          = [[Casey Cagle]]
| term_start          = January 10, 2011
| term_end            = January 14, 2019
| predecessor         = [[Sonny Perdue]]
| successor           = [[Brian Kemp]]
| office1             = Member of the<br />[[U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
| term_start1         = January 3, 1993
| term_end1           = March 21, 2010
| constituency1       = {{ushr|GA|9|9th district}} (1993–2003)<br />{{ushr|GA|10|10th district}} (2003–2007)<br />9th district (2007–2010)
| predecessor1        = [[Ed Jenkins (U.S. politician)|Ed Jenkins]]
| successor1          = [[Tom Graves]]
| state_senate2       = Georgia State
| district2           = 49th
| term_start2         = January 3, 1981
| term_end2           = January 3, 1993
| predecessor2        = [[Howard Overby]]
| successor2          = [[Jane Hemmer]]
| birth_name          = John Nathan Deal
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1942|8|25}}
| birth_place         = [[Millen, Georgia]], U.S.
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1995–present)
| otherparty          = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (before 1995)
| spouse              = {{marriage|[[Sandra Deal|Sandra Dunagan]]|1966|2022|end=died}}
| children            = 4
| education           = [[Mercer University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| signature           = Signature of Nathan Deal.svg
| allegiance          = {{flag|United States}}
| branch              = {{army|United States}}
| rank                = {{Dodseal|USAO3-2015|25}} [[Captain (United States)|Captain]]
| serviceyears        = 1966–1968
| module              = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Rep. Nathan Deal on his Concerns with the Affordable Care Act.ogg|title=Nathan Deal's voice|type=speech|description=Deal, while in the House, addresses his concerns with the planned [[Affordable Care Act]]<br />Recorded June 24, 2009}}
}}
'''John Nathan Deal''' (born August 25, 1942) is an American politician and former lawyer who served as the 82nd [[governor of Georgia]] from 2011 to 2019. A [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]], he previously served as a member of the [[U.S. House of Representatives]].

Deal served in the [[Georgia State Senate]] from 1981 to 1993, the last two years as [[president pro tempore]] of the senate. He faced a crowded field of candidates in the Republican primary when he ran for governor [[2010 Georgia gubernatorial election|in 2010]], ultimately facing former Georgia Secretary of State [[Karen Handel]] in a tightly contested [[Partisan primary|primary]] [[Two-round system|runoff election]], and won by fewer than 2,500 votes.<ref>{{cite web |author=Aaron Gould Sheinin |url=http://blogs.ajc.com/georgia_elections_news/2010/08/11/breaking-news-handel-calls-deal-concedes-gop-nomination-for-governor|title=Deal defeats Handel in August 2010 Republican primary|publisher=Blogs.ajc.com|date=August 11, 2010|access-date=July 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130321045303/http://blogs.ajc.com/georgia_elections_news/2010/08/11/breaking-news-handel-calls-deal-concedes-gop-nomination-for-governor|archive-date=March 21, 2013}}</ref> In the general election, Deal defeated the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] opponent, former governor [[Roy Barnes]], and succeeded [[term limit|term-limited]] [[Sonny Perdue]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/georgia-politics-elections/georgia-election-deal-defeats-714575.html|title=Deal defeats Barnes to take Governor's Mansion|newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|access-date=September 3, 2010}}</ref> He won his re-election campaign for governor in [[Georgia gubernatorial election, 2014|2014]] against Democrat [[Jason Carter (politician)|Jason Carter]].

Deal came to prominence in 2014 when he signed into law the [[Safe Carry Protection Act]], known by critics as the "Guns Everywhere Law", which allows residents with a [[Concealed carry in the United States|permit to carry a concealed weapon]] to bring firearms into most public areas, including churches, school zones, government buildings and certain sections of airports. He was barred by [[term limits]] in [[2018 Georgia gubernatorial election|2018]] and was succeeded by outgoing [[Georgia Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[Brian Kemp]].

==Early life and career==
Deal was born on August 25, 1942, in the town of [[Millen, Georgia|Millen]] and grew up on a farm in [[Sandersville, Georgia|Sandersville]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. His parents, Mary (née Mallard) and Noah Jordan Deal, were teachers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/government-politics/nathan-deal-b-1942|title=Nathan Deal (b. 1942)|website=Georgiaencyclopedia.org|date=2014-12-23|access-date=2016-03-01}}</ref>

He attended [[Mercer University]] in [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]], where he earned his bachelor and law degrees with [[Honours degree|honors]].<ref>[http://www.congress.org/bio/id/198&lvl=S&chamber=G] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120729012628/http://www.congress.org/bio/id/198&lvl=S&chamber=G|date=July 29, 2012}}</ref> After he earned his [[Juris Doctor]] degree in 1966, he joined the [[United States Army]], where he earned the rank of [[Captain (United States)|captain]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gov.georgia.gov/00/channel_modifieddate/0,2096,165937316_165941711,00.html|title=Governor Nathan Deal: Office of the Governor|publisher=Gov.georgia.gov|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=July 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703052421/http://gov.georgia.gov/00/channel_modifieddate/0,2096,165937316_165941711,00.html|archive-date=July 3, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Deal spent twenty-three years in private law practice. He was also a [[criminal prosecutor]], a [[Hall County, Georgia|Hall County]] [[juvenile court]] judge, and a Northeastern Judicial Circuit [[superior court]] judge. In 1980, he was elected to the [[Georgia State Senate]] as a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/D000168|title=The U.S. Congress Votes Database |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=931|title=Candidate - Nathan Deal|publisher=Our Campaigns|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref>

In November 1990, he was elected by his party to be the [[President Pro Tempore]], the second highest ranking position in the chamber.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pARSAAAAIBAJ&pg=3999,2308104&dq=nathan+deal&hl=en|title=The Albany Herald|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref> Democrat [[Jane Hemmer]] replaced him in the Senate, but she was defeated by Republican [[Casey Cagle]] two years later.<ref>{{cite web|first=Emily Rose|last=Thorne|title=Casey Cagle vs. Brian Kemp: A quick guide to the Republican runoff candidates for Georgia governor|work=[[Atlanta (magazine)|Atlanta]]|date=July 21, 2018|url=https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/cagle-kemp-republican-governor-runoff-quick-guide/|accessdate=May 9, 2023}}</ref>

==U.S. House of Representatives (1993–2010)==
===Elections===
{{BLP sources section|date=January 2018}}
Deal was first elected to Congress in November 1992 as a Democrat, succeeding eight-term incumbent [[Edgar Jenkins|Ed Jenkins]] in {{ushr|Georgia|9}}. He was re-elected as a Democrat in 1994.

However, on April 11, 1995, shortly after Republicans assumed control of the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time in 40 years, Deal joined the Republican Party, which was led by Speaker [[Newt Gingrich]], a fellow Georgian. Years later, Gingrich said that Deal became a Republican because he liked what he saw in the [[Contract With America]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Georgia-Congressman-Deserts-Demos-Nathan-Deal-3038357.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811212500/http://articles.sfgate.com/1995-04-11/news/17801241_1_change-parties-democrats-gop|url-status=live|archive-date=August 11, 2011|title=Georgia Congressman Deserts Demos/Nathan Deal is third to switch to GOP since Nov. 8|work=San Francisco Chronicle|date=April 11, 1995|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{YouTube|SCGYyZMOfEc|Newt Gingrich talks about Nathan Deal}} in campaign video for Deal's gubernatorial bid.</ref>

Deal was handily re-elected in his first election as a Republican in the 1996 general election, even though Jenkins endorsed his Democratic opponent, attorney and state representative [[McCracken Poston|McCracken "Ken" Poston]], who represented much of the congressional district's northwestern portion. This was the first time his district had elected a Republican for a full term since [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]]. Only one other Democrat besides Poston has won even 30 percent of the vote since Deal switched parties.

Deal was unopposed for re-election in 1998, 2002, and 2004 and defeated an underfunded Democratic candidate in 2000. His district was renumbered the 10th District in 2003, but became the 9th again after a mid-decade redistricting in 2006.

The 9th had turned increasingly Republican at the federal level; apart from Jimmy Carter, a Democratic presidential candidate last carried it in 1960. However, conservative Democrats continued to hold most local offices as well as most of its seats in the General Assembly. However, Republicans began whittling away elected posts in the 1990s, helped by party switchers like Deal. By the turn of the millennium, there were almost no elected Democrats left above the county level in the district.

In November 2006, Deal was re-elected 77%–23%. His Democratic opponent was John Bradbury, a former elementary school teacher turned truck driver. His district, already heavily Republican, became even more Republican after the mid-decade redistricting pushed it further into the Atlanta suburbs.

===Tenure===
[[File:Early Congressional Photo of Nathan Deal.gif|thumb|Deal early in his congressional career]]
[[File:Nathan Deal, official 110th Congress photo.jpg|thumb|Deal during the [[110th United States Congress|110th Congress]]]]
Deal's voting record was relatively moderate in his first term, getting ratings in the 60s from the [[American Conservative Union]] (ACU). He moved sharply to the right after his party switch and voted for all four [[impeachment of Bill Clinton|articles of impeachment]] against [[Bill Clinton]]. From 1996 onward, he garnered ratings of 90 or higher from the ACU.

During his 17 years in Congress, Deal rose to chair the Health Subcommittee of Energy and Commerce, where he became a noted expert on entitlement reform and health care policy.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Health Subcommittee Chairman Takes Lead on Cancer Care: Interview With Rep. Nathan Deal |journal=Journal of Oncology Practice |date=2006 |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=24 |doi=10.1200/jop.2006.2.1.24 |pmid=29442565 |pmc=2794635 }}</ref>

Deal introduced H.R. 698, the Citizenship Reform Act, which would eliminate [[Jus soli|birthright citizenship]] for undocumented immigrants in the U.S. The [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|14th Amendment]] begins "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States. ... " Deal's argument is that undocumented immigrants (and their children) are not subject to U.S. jurisdiction.<ref>[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=109_cong_bills&docid=f:h698ih.txt.pdf H. R. 698] (see especially section 3)</ref>

===Committee assignments===
* '''[[United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce|Committee on Energy and Commerce]]'''
** [[United States House Energy Subcommittee on Communications, Technology and the Internet|Subcommittee on Communications, Technology and the Internet]]
** [[United States House Energy Subcommittee on Health|Subcommittee on Health]] (Ranking Member)
** [[United States House Energy Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations|Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations]]

===Recovery Services, Inc. controversy===
The [[Office of Congressional Ethics]] released a report on March 30, 2010, that concluded Deal appeared to have improperly used his office staff to pressure Georgia officials to continue the state vehicle inspection program that generated hundreds of thousands of dollars a year for his family's auto salvage business. Deal stated: "I have done nothing wrong and am not going to let this tarnish my ... record of public service."<ref>{{cite news|author=Eric Lipton|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/us/30ethics.html|title=Ethics Report Faults Ex-Congressman|work=The New York Times|access-date=August 23, 2010 | date=March 29, 2010}}</ref>

The [[Office of Congressional Ethics]] (OCE), released their investigative report (Review No. 09-1022) on March 30, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|author=OCE|url=http://oce.house.gov/disclosures/Review_No_09-1022_Referral_to_Standards.pdf|title=Review No. 09-1022|date=March 26, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707014903/http://oce.house.gov/disclosures/Review_No_09-1022_Referral_to_Standards.pdf|archive-date=July 7, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The report stipulates,

<blockquote>Representative Nathan Deal and his business partner own Recovery Services, Inc. a/k/a Gainesville Salvage & Disposal ('GSD'), located in Gainesville, Georgia ... The OCE does not take a position on Representative Deal's motivations for inserting himself into discussions of potential modifications to a state vehicle inspection program ... The OCE reviews the facts as presented at the time of review and does not take a position on whether Representative Deal's income from GSD was mistakenly reported as earned income since 2006 on his federal income taxes ... [F]or all the reasons stated above, the OCE Board recommends further review by the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct.</blockquote>

===Resignation from Congress===
On March 1, 2010, 29 days before the official release of the ethics report, Deal resigned his seat, which he said, excluded him from the Office of Congressional Ethics' jurisdiction.<ref>{{cite web|author=Justin Elliott|url=http://tpmmuckraker.talkingpointsmemo.com/2010/03/did_gop_rep_nathan_deal_resign_because_of_ethics_p.php|title=Did GOP Rep Resign To Squelch Ethics Probe?|publisher=Tpmmuckraker.talkingpointsmemo.com|date=March 1, 2010|access-date=September 25, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Aaron Gould Sheinin |url=http://blogs.ajc.com/gold-dome-live/2010/03/01/deal-says-hell-resign-from-congress/ |title=Breaking: Deal says he'll resign from Congress &#124; Gold Dome Live |publisher=Blogs.ajc.com |date=March 1, 2010 |access-date=August 22, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604125423/http://blogs.ajc.com/gold-dome-live/2010/03/01/deal-says-hell-resign-from-congress/ |archive-date=June 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Although this seemed too coincidental for some, Deal maintained in a speech to supporters that the resignation was so that he could "devote [his] full energies" to the gubernatorial campaign.<ref>{{cite news|author=Aaron Gould Sheinin and Jim Tharpe |url=http://www.ajc.com/news/georgia-politics-elections/deals-resignation-upends-state-339983.html|title=Deal's resignation upends state politics|newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|access-date=September 25, 2010}}</ref>

Before returning to Georgia to run for governor, Deal cast his final congressional vote against the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]], also known as Obamacare.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ontheissues.org/GA/Nathan_Deal.htm |title=Nathan Deal on the Issues |website=Ontheissues.org |access-date=2016-03-01}}</ref>

====2011 ethics investigation====
In 2011, then Georgia Government Transparency and Campaign Finance Commission Executive Secretary Stacey Kalberman and Deputy Executive Secretary Sherilyn Streiker launched an ethics investigation into Deal's campaign finances during his 2010 gubernatorial race. According to the complaint, Deal had used state campaign funds to pay legal bills stemming from a federal ethics investigation when he was in Congress, that he had personally profited from his gubernatorial campaign's $135,000 rental of aircraft from a company he partly owned, and that he had accepted campaign contributions beyond the legal limits.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/07/16/new-ethics-allegations-in-ga-govs-race/12738699|work=USA Today|first=Larry|last=Copeland|title=New ethics memo surfaces, roiling Ga. governor's race|date=July 16, 2014}}</ref> The campaign also paid a total of $135,000 to consulting companies which were owned by Deal's daughter-in-law and the father of Chris Riley, Deal's chief of staff.<ref>{{cite news | publisher = ajc.com | date = November 6, 2013 | title = Probe sought Deal data, Ethics official's pay cut, job eliminated after subpoenas prepared | author = Jim Walls | url =  https://www.ajc.com/news/local/probe-sought-deal-data/9vv386HROPUl7GxB7DNOZP/}}</ref>

As Kalberman and Streiker were preparing to serve subpoenas to Deal, his chief of staff, and others involved in the case, Kalberman's salary was cut by $35,000 and Streiker was ousted from her position.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/verdict-possible-today-in-state-ethics-trial/nfRxP|work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|first=Aaron|last=Sheinin|title=Jury rules in favor of ex-ethics chief; awards $700,000 judgment|date=April 4, 2014|access-date=August 7, 2014|archive-date=August 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140806141523/http://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/verdict-possible-today-in-state-ethics-trial/nfRxP/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Soon after, Kalberman was forced to resign and was replaced by Holly LaBerge, who was recruited by the governor's office.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[The New York Times]] | date = April 5, 2014 | title = Ethics Chief in Georgia Wins Suit Over Ouster | author = The Associated Press | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/06/us/ethics-chief-in-georgia-wins-suit-over-ouster.html}}</ref>

On July 23, 2012, the ethics commission cleared Deal of major ethics violations while finding he made "technical defects" in a series of personal financial and campaign finance reports. In July 2012, Deal agreed to pay $3,350 in administrative fees to resolve violations of campaign finance and disclosure laws.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/12/nathan-deal-ethics-complaints_n_4431813.html|work=The Huffington Post|first=Christina|last=Cassidy|title=Subpoenas Related To Ethics Complaints Involving Georgia Gov. Nathan Deal|date=December 12, 2013}}</ref>

Holly LaBerge, the head of the ethics commission that cleared Deal of major ethics violations, claimed in July 2014 that Ryan Teague, Deal's counsel, called her to say: "It was not in the agency's best interest for these cases to go to a hearing ... nor was it in their best political interest either." Deal has stated that he is "not aware of any communications along those lines".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/news/ethics-chief-claims-deal-aides-pressured-her-threa/ngfdt|work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|first=Aaron|last=Sheinin|title=Ethics chief claims Deal aides pressured her, threatened agency|date=July 14, 2014|access-date=September 16, 2014|archive-date=September 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904174949/http://www.ajc.com/news/news/ethics-chief-claims-deal-aides-pressured-her-threa/ngfdt/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | publisher = ajc.com | date =  September 8, 2014 | title = Ethics commission chief Holly LaBerge fired | author = Aaron Gould Sheinin | url = https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/ethics-commission-chief-holly-laberge-fired/o0MznZ2nfF8pVhVwSgmHKM/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | publisher = northwestgeorgianews.com | date =  September 8, 2014 | title = Ga. ethics agency chief fired after judge fines her for withholding key documents in lawsuit | author = KATE BRUMBACK, Associated Press  | url = https://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/rome/news/local/ga-ethics-agency-chief-fired-after-judge-fines-her-for/article_5688f99e-3761-11e4-bb49-0017a43b2370.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | publisher = washingtontimes.com | date = January 27, 2014 | title = Staffing situation worsens at GA ethics commission | author = CHRISTINA A. CASSIDY, Associated Press | url = https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/jan/27/staffing-situation-worsens-at-ga-ethics-commission/}}</ref>

==Governor of Georgia (2011–2019)==
===2010 gubernatorial election===
{{Main|2010 Georgia gubernatorial election}}
Incumbent Republican Governor [[Sonny Perdue]] was term-limited in 2010. Seven candidates filed to run in the Republican primary. In the initial Republican primary in July, no candidate received the 50% threshold to win the primary outright. [[Georgia Secretary of State]] [[Karen Handel]] ranked first with 34%, qualifying for the run-off election. Deal, ranked second with 23% of the vote, also qualified for the run-off election.

Candidates who didn't qualify included State Senator [[Eric Johnson (Georgia politician)|Eric Johnson]] (20%), Insurance Commissioner [[John W. Oxendine|John Oxendine]] (16%), State Senator [[Jeff Chapman (politician)|Jeff Chapman]] (3%), businessman Ray McBerry (3%), and businessman Otis Putnam (0%). Deal performed the strongest in the northern part of the state, where he lives and represented in Congress. However, he also won some counties in the southern part of the state, such as [[Candler County, Georgia|Candler]] (30%) and [[Tift County, Georgia|Tift]] (24%). He won five counties with a majority including his home of [[Hall County, Georgia|Hall]] (64%), [[Dade County, Georgia|Dade]] (56%), [[Walker County, Georgia|Walker]] (56%), [[White County, Georgia|White]] (53%), and [[Stephens County, Georgia|Stephens]] (53%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=411379|title=GA Governor - R Primary Race|date=July 20, 2010|publisher=Our Campaigns|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref>

The run-off election between Handel and Deal was very competitive. Deal was endorsed by former House Speaker [[Newt Gingrich]], U.S. Representative [[Jack Kingston]], and former Arkansas Governor [[Mike Huckabee]]. Handel was endorsed by Arizona Governor [[Jan Brewer]] and former Alaska Governor [[Sarah Palin]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/karen-handel-concedes-georgia-gop-governor-runoff-to-nathan-deal/|publisher=CBS News|title=Karen Handel Concedes Georgia GOP Governor Runoff to Nathan Deal|access-date=July 19, 2013|url-status=live|date=August 11, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123045809/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20013315-503544.html|archive-date=January 23, 2011}}</ref>

On August 10, Deal defeated Handel 50.2%-49.8%, a difference of just 2,519 votes. Handel performed well in the western and eastern borders of the state, as well as the counties surrounding [[Atlanta]]. She won the heavily populated [[Fulton County, Georgia|Fulton County]] with 71%, her best performance in the state, followed by [[Glascock County, Georgia|Glascock]] (70%) and [[Burke County, Georgia|Burke]] (70%). Deal's two best counties were [[Taliaferro County, Georgia|Taliaferro]] (80%) and Hall (79%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=676111|title=GA Governor - R Runoff Race|date=August 10, 2010|publisher=Our Campaigns|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref>

In the general election, Deal faced former governor and state senator [[Roy Barnes]] (D) and John Monds (L). Barnes previously won the [[Georgia gubernatorial election, 1998|1998 gubernatorial election]] with 52% of the vote,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=211|title=GA Governor Race|date=November 3, 1998|publisher=Our Campaigns|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref> and lost re-election in [[Georgia gubernatorial election, 2002|2002]] to State Senator Sonny Perdue 51%-46%. Perdue was the first Georgia Republican Governor since Reconstruction.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/handel-deal-neck-and-neck-in-gop-gubernatorial-runoff/|publisher=Fox News Channel|title=Handel, Deal Neck and Neck in GOP Gubernatorial Runoff|date=August 11, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=35|title=GA - Governor Race|date=November 5, 2002|publisher=Our Campaigns|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref> During the 2010 election, Deal tried to connect Barnes with President [[Barack Obama]]. Barnes said "if you would listen to what is being said, you would have thought that this is an election for [[president of the United States]]." Barnes also tried to distance himself from Obama, saying his health care law was "the greatest failure of political leadership in my lifetime". On November 3, Deal defeated Barnes 53%-43%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=409687|title=GA Governor Race|date=November 2, 2010|publisher=Our Campaigns|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref>

===2014 gubernatorial election===
{{Main|2014 Georgia gubernatorial election}}
Deal ran for re-election in 2014. He defeated two primary challengers and defeated Democratic State Senator [[Jason Carter (politician)|Jason Carter]] in the general election with 53% of the vote to Carter's 45%.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}
[[File:Georgia National Guard Change of Command (6197730399).jpg|thumb|Deal meeting with Georgia National Guardsman in [[Marietta, Georgia]], September 2011]]

===Inauguration===
Deal took office as governor on January 10, the second Monday of 2011. His second inauguration took place on January 12, 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?297404-1/georgia-gubernatorial-inauguration |title=Georgia Gubernatorial Inauguration  |website=C-SPAN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chronicle.augusta.com/news-latest-news-government/2015-01-12/gov-deal-inauguration-today |title=Gov. Deal inauguration today |last=Associated Press |website=Augusta Chronicle |date=2015-01-12 |access-date=November 18, 2016 |archive-date=November 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119064100/http://chronicle.augusta.com/news-latest-news-government/2015-01-12/gov-deal-inauguration-today |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Supreme Court expansion===
As Governor, Deal expanded the Supreme Court, adding two more justices to the court.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Expansion of Georgia's Supreme Court wins final approval|url=https://www.ajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/expansion-georgia-supreme-court-wins-final-approval/skmjVHCCo80HW4hXZKL6rM/|access-date=2020-10-08|newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|language=en}}</ref>

===Immigration===
In 2011, despite protests outside his office and threats of boycotts,<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/05/13/georgia.immigration.law/ | title=Georgia governor signs controversial anti-illegal immigration law | work=CNN | date=13 May 2011 | access-date=29 February 2016 | author=Valdes, Gustavo}}</ref> Deal signed [[Georgia HB 87]] into law, which increased the state's enforcement powers in regards to [[illegal immigration]], as well as required many employers to determine whether their newly hired employees are undocumented immigrants or not.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2011-05-13-georgia-immigration-law_n.htm | title=Georgia governor signs immigration bill into law | work=USA Today | date=13 May 2011 | access-date=29 February 2016 | agency=Associated Press}}</ref>

===Criminal justice reform===
[[File:Historic ‘747 Experience’ exhibit opens its doors at Delta Flight Museum (33665584366).jpg|thumb|Deal in [[Atlanta]], March 2017]]
In 2011, Georgia was in the midst of a criminal justice crisis. The prison population had doubled in the past two decades to 56,000, along with the state's incarceration budget. The recidivism rate was 30 percent for adults and 65 percent for juveniles. In response, Deal commissioned the Georgia Criminal Justice Reform Council, tasked with performing an exhaustive review of the state's current system, identifying key areas of focus and providing recommendations for reforms.<ref>Press Release (February 16, 2011) - [http://gov.georgia.gov/press-releases/2011-02-16/deal-leaders-seek-commission-criminal-justice-reform "Deal, Leaders Seek Commission on Criminal Justice Reform"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115917/http://gov.georgia.gov/press-releases/2011-02-16/deal-leaders-seek-commission-criminal-justice-reform |date=August 26, 2014 }}. ''Governor Nathan Deal - Office of the Governor''.</ref> These areas included increased funding and support for accountability courts, overhauling the juvenile justice system, and implementing prisoner re-entry initiatives. The council's work resulted in bipartisan legislation that caused Georgia to avoid the need for 5,000 additional prison beds over 5 years and saved taxpayers at least $264 million.<ref name="newrepublic.com">{{cite magazine|last=Shavin |first=Naomi |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/121425/gop-governor-nathan-deal-leading-us-prison-reform |title=GOP Governor Nathan Deal Is Leading the U.S. on Prison Reform |magazine=New Republic |date=2015-04-01 |access-date=2016-03-01}}</ref> A 2014 study showed that  "prison sentences imposed on African-American offenders have dropped by 20 percent."<ref name=Prison>Rankin, Bill & Gould Sheinin, Aaron (August 2, 2014) - [http://www.myajc.com/news/news/fewer-black-georgians-sent-to-prisonsentencing-ref/ngsMx/?__federated=1#594756de.3581394.735470 "Fewer Black Georgians Sent to Prison"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115646/http://www.myajc.com/news/news/fewer-black-georgians-sent-to-prisonsentencing-ref/ngsMx/?__federated=1#594756de.3581394.735470 |date=August 26, 2014 }}. ''The Atlanta Journal-Constitution''.</ref>

On April 25, 2013, Deal signed HB 349 into law, which enacted a second round of criminal justice reforms. These reforms took a "smart on crime" approach and were based on recommendations from the Special Council on Criminal Justice Reform. This law gave those who, while locked up, have earned money toward college in the form of a [[HOPE Scholarship]] G-E-D Voucher the ability to use that money up to two years after their release.<ref>Press Release (August 4, 2014) - [https://gov.georgia.gov/press-releases/2014-08-04/ajc-deals-criminal-justice-reforms-paying-dividends "AJC: Deal's Criminal Justice Reforms Paying Dividends"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120111/https://gov.georgia.gov/press-releases/2014-08-04/ajc-deals-criminal-justice-reforms-paying-dividends |date=August 26, 2014 }}. ''Governor Nathan Deal - Office of the Governor''.</ref> In addition, Deal reinvested $5 million to create a voluntary grant program that gives communities incentives to offer judges more non-confinement sentencing options. These could include substance abuse treatment or family counseling.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

With the help of the Council and the [[Vera Institute of Justice]],  Deal developed extensive performance measures to track the success of previous reforms to ensure they were enhancing public safety and saving taxpayer dollars. ''[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]]'' reported, "Since 2007 alone, more than three-dozen such courts have opened their doors across Georgia. In the first quarter of 2014, more than 4,100 offenders were enrolled in the state's 105 accountability courts, and many of these participants would likely be in prison without this alternative."<ref name=Prison/>

On April 25, 2014, Deal announced the creation of the Governor's Interfaith Council, composed of religious leaders across Georgia, to expand upon recent criminal justice reforms. These programs and council advisors will implement cost-effective strategies will work to increase the number of former offenders returning to the workforce and supporting their families.<ref>Press Release (April 25, 2014) - [http://gov.georgia.gov/press-releases/2014-04-28/deal-interfaith-council-will-build-upon-criminal-justice-reform "Deal: Interfaith Council Will Build Upon Criminal Justice Reform Initiatives"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229024911/http://gov.georgia.gov/press-releases/2014-04-28/deal-interfaith-council-will-build-upon-criminal-justice-reform |date=December 29, 2014 }}. ''Governor Nathan Deal - Office of the Governor''.</ref> By removing barriers to employment, housing and education for rehabilitated offenders, a larger number of returning citizens are able to rejoin the workforce and support their families. Some of Deal's initiatives include education and jobs training programs, "banning the box" and creation of the Department of Community Supervision, which streamlines re-entry programs across various state agencies.<ref name="newrepublic.com"/>

===Safe Carry Protection Act===
In 2014, Deal signed House Bill (H.B.) 60, the [[Safe Carry Protection Act]], referred to by critics as the "Guns Everywhere" Law.<ref name="gunbill">[http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/23/us/georgia-governor-signs-gun-bill/ Georgia law allows guns in some schools, bars, churches], CNN, Atlanta, GA: Cable News Network/Turner Broadcasting System, Inc., April 23, 2014, Sayers, D.M. & McLaughlin, E.C.. Retrieved May 25, 2014.</ref>  Deal stated that gun rights through the United States Constitution's Second Amendment are important to people in Georgia.<ref name="gunbill" />  The Safe Carry Protection Act took effect on July 1, 2014, and permits licensed gun owners to carry guns into many public and private places, including churches, school property, bars, nightclubs, libraries, and some government buildings in Georgia.<ref name="gunbill" /><ref>[http://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20132014/144825.pdf House Bill 60], ''Official Code of Georgia Annotated'', Georgia House of Representatives, Atlanta, GA, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2014.</ref><ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/04/23/georgia-gun-law/8046315/ Ga. governor signs 'guns everywhere' into law], ''USA Today'', New York, NY: Gannett Satellite Information Network, Inc., April 23, 2014, Copeland, L. & Richards, D.. Retrieved May 25, 2014.</ref><ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/23/georgia-gun-bill_n_5199630.html Georgia governor signs 'unprecedented' gun rights bill], ''The Huffington Post'', ''The Huffington Post'', LLC, April 23, 2014, Lavender, P.. Retrieved May 25, 2014.</ref><ref name="Time">[https://time.com/86228/georgia-gun-law-churches/ Georgia’s sweeping gun law sparks religious backlash], ''Time'', May 5, 2014, Sanburn, J.. Retrieved May 25, 2014.</ref><ref>[https://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe/georgia-house-passes-controversial-gun-bill Georgia lawmakers pass controversial 'guns everywhere' bill], MSNBC, New York, NY: NBC Universal, March 21, 2014, Richinick, M.. Retrieved May 25, 2014.</ref>  The law was supported by the Georgia Baptist Convention which included 3,600 Baptist churches in Georgia in favor of increased church autonomy,<ref name="Time" /> but was not supported by Catholic or Episcopalian church leaders due to their belief that it is against Jesus' teachings.<ref name="Time" /> By 2016, ''[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]]'' found that while 57% of Georgians believed that owning a gun protects people, 59% disapproved of the law itself.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/new-ajc-poll-shows-voters-disapprove-of-georgias-n/nfsBj/ |title=New AJC poll shows voters disapprove of Georgia's new gun law |website=Ajc.com |access-date=2016-03-01}}</ref>

===Resettlement of Syrian refugees===
In 2015 Deal issued an executive order ordering state agencies to "halt any involvement in accepting refugees from Syria for resettlement in the state of Georgia",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gov.georgia.gov/sites/gov.georgia.gov/files/related_files/document/11.16.15.02.pdf|title=State of Georgia Executive Order|date=November 13, 2015|access-date=December 15, 2015|archive-date=November 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124024544/https://gov.georgia.gov/sites/gov.georgia.gov/files/related_files/document/11.16.15.02.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> resulting in the state's Department of Human Resources refusing to process applications for food stamps and other benefits filed by newly arrived Syrian refugees.<ref>{{cite web|first=Jeremy|last=Redmon|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/georgia-wont-process-benefits-applications-for-new/npgxr/|title=Georgia won't process benefits applications for new Syrian refugees|work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=December 10, 2015|access-date=December 15, 2015}}</ref> Deal rescinded his order on January 4, 2016, after Georgia Attorney General [[Sam Olens]] said Deal lacked the authority to issue it.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/05/us/georgia-governor-lifts-block-against-syrian-refugees.html?ref=topics | title=Georgia: Governor Lifts Block Against Syrian Refugees | work=The New York Times | date=5 January 2016 | access-date=28 February 2016 | agency=Associated Press}}</ref>

===Religious liberty bill veto===
On March 28, 2016, Deal vetoed a [[religious liberty bill]] that had been passed by both houses of the Georgia State Legislature, and that had been opposed by multiple large corporations, including [[Salesforce.com]], [[the Coca-Cola Company]] and [[the Home Depot]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/28/us/georgia-north-carolina-lgbt-bills/ | title=Georgia Gov. Nathan Deal to veto 'religious liberty' bill | work=CNN | date=28 March 2016 | access-date=3 April 2016 | author=Ellis, Ralph}}</ref>

===Campus carry===
On May 3, 2016, Deal vetoed a [[campus carry]] bill that had been passed by the state legislature, after a number of state legislators refused to include exceptions for child-care centers and other places on college campuses. Had Deal signed the bill into law, it would have made [[concealed carry]]ing of guns legal at every public college in Georgia, so long as the carrier was 21 or older and had a proper permit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.myajc.com/news/news/breaking-news/source-deal-to-reject-georgias-campus-carry-bill/nrGgD/|title=Deal rejects Georgia's 'campus carry' bill|work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=3 May 2016|access-date=3 May 2016|author=Bluestein, Greg}}<br/>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/georgia-governor-vetoes-campus-carry-concealed-gun-bill/|title=Georgia governor vetoes "campus-carry" concealed gun bill|work=CBS News|date=3 May 2016|access-date=3 May 2016|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> One year later, on May 4, 2017, Deal signed a revised and stricter version of the campus carry bill into law.<ref>{{cite web|title=Governor Nathan Deal Signs "Campus Carry" Bill|url=http://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/252728694-story|date=May 4, 2017|publisher=[[WAGA-TV]]|access-date=May 5, 2017|archive-date=May 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508045010/http://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/252728694-story|url-status=dead}}<br/>{{cite web|last1=Hagen|first1=Lisa|title=Flipping On The Issue, Georgia Gov. Signs Campus Carry Bill|url=https://www.npr.org/2017/05/04/526971357/flipping-on-the-issue-georgia-gov-signs-campus-carry-bill|date=May 4, 2017|publisher=[[NPR]]|access-date=May 5, 2017}}</ref>

Deal was succeeded as governor by [[Brian Kemp]] on January 14, 2019.

==Electoral history==
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |[[Georgia gubernatorial election, 2014]]
|-
|'''Party'''
|'''Candidate'''
|'''Votes'''
|'''%'''
|'''+'''
|-
|'''Republican'''
|'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|'''1,345,237'''
|'''52.75%'''
|'''-0.27%'''
|-
|Democratic
|Jason Carter
|1,144,794
|44.89%
| +1.92%
|-
|Libertarian
|Andrew Hunt
|60,185
|2.36%
| -1.65%
|-
|Write-in
|David Byrne
|420
|0.17%
|
|-
|Write-in
|Matthew Jamison
|10
|0.00%
|
|-
|Write-in
|Chancey Andrell Porter
|2
|0.00%
|
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Majority'''
|200,443
|7.86%
| -2.19%
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Turnout'''
|2,550,648
|
|
|-
| colspan="2" |Republican '''hold'''
|'''Swing'''
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="4" |Georgia Republican primary gubernatorial election, 2014
|-
|'''Party'''
|'''Candidate'''
|'''Votes'''
|'''%'''
|-
|'''Republican'''
|'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|'''430,170'''
|'''72.15%'''
|-
|Republican
|David Pennington, III
|99,548
|16.70%
|-
|Republican
|John Barge
|66,500
|11.15%
|}
{{Election box begin | title=[[Georgia gubernatorial election, 2010]]<ref name="georgia">{{cite web|url=http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2010_1102/swfed.htm|title=11/2/2010 - Federal and Statewide|publisher=sos.georgia.gov|access-date=July 4, 2014|archive-date=March 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327202904/http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2010_1102/swfed.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
  |party      = Republican Party (US)
  |candidate  = Nathan Deal
  |votes      = 1,365,832
  |percentage = 53.02%
  |change     = -4.93%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
  |party      = Democratic Party (US)
  |candidate  = [[Roy Barnes]]
  |votes      = 1,107,011
  |percentage = 42.97%
  |change     = +4.75%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
  |party      = Libertarian Party (United States)
  |candidate  = [[John Monds]]
  |votes      = 103,194
  |percentage = 4.01%
  |change     = +0.17%
}}
{{Election box candidate|
  |party      = Write-ins
  |candidate  =
  |votes      = 124
  |percentage = 0.00%
  |change     =
}}
{{Election box majority|
  |votes      = 258,821
  |percentage = 10.05%
  |change     = -9.68%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
  |votes      = 2,576,161
  |percentage =
  |change     =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
  |winner     = Republican Party (US)
  |swing      =
}}
{{Election box end}}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="4" |Georgia Republican primary runoff gubernatorial election, 2010
|-
|'''Party'''
|'''Candidate'''
|'''Votes'''
|'''%'''
|-
|'''Republican'''
|'''Nathan Deal'''
|'''291,035'''
|'''50.2%'''
|-
|Republican
|Karen Handel
|288,516
|49.8%
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="4" |Georgia Republican primary gubernatorial election, 2010
|-
|'''Party'''
|'''Candidate'''
|'''Votes'''
|'''%'''
|-
|'''Republican'''
|'''Karen Handel'''
|'''231,990'''
|'''34.1%'''
|-
|'''Republican'''
|'''Nathan Deal'''
|'''155,946'''
|'''22.9%'''
|-
|Republican
|Eric Johnson
|136,792
|20.1%
|-
|Republican
|John Oxendine
|115,421
|17.0%
|-
|Republican
|Jeff Chapman
|20,636
|3.0%
|-
|Republican
|Ray McBerry
|17,171
|2.5%
|-
|Republican
|Otis Putnam
|2,543
|0.4%
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ {{ushr|Georgia|9|}}: Results 1992–2000, 2006–2008;<br />{{ushr|Georgia|10|}}: Results 2002–2004<ref name="clerkresults">{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html |title=Election Statistics |access-date=January 10, 2008 |publisher=Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070725184700/http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html |archive-date=July 25, 2007 |df=mdy }}</ref>
!|Year
!|District
!
!|Democratic
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
!|Republican
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 1992|1992]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''Nathan Deal'''
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |113,024
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |59%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |Daniel Becker
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |77,919
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |41%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 1994|1994]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |79,145
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |58%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |{{nowrap|Robert L. Castello}}
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |57,568
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |42%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 1996|1996]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |{{nowrap|McCracken "Ken" Poston}}
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |69,662
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |34%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |132,532
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |66%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 1998|1998]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |''(no candidate)''
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |122,713
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |100%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 2000|2000]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |{{nowrap|James Harrington}}
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |60,360
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |25%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |183,171
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |75%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 2002|2002]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|10|10th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |''(no candidate)''
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |129,242
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |100%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 2004|2004]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|10|10th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |''(no candidate)''
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |219,136
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |100%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 2006|2006]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |{{nowrap|John D. Bradbury}}
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |39,240
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |23%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |128,685
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |77%
|
|-
|[[U.S. House election, 2008|2008]]
|{{ushr|Georgia|9|9th}}
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |Jeff Scott
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right" |70,401
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |25%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Nathan Deal''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right" |216,925
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |75%
|
{{S-end}}

== Honours ==
*[[File:JPN Kyokujitsu-sho 2Class BAR.svg|55px|ribbon bar]] [[Order of the Rising Sun|The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star]] (2023)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/100575204.pdf|title= 令和５年秋の外国人叙勲 受章者名簿|access-date= November 3, 2023|work= Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan}}</ref>

==See also==
* {{portal-inline|Georgia (U.S. state)}}
* {{portal-inline|Politics}}
* {{portal-inline|Conservatism}}
* {{portal-inline|Biography}}
* {{portal-inline|United States}}
* [[Georgia gubernatorial election, 2010]]
* [[List of American politicians who switched parties in office]]
* [[List of United States representatives who switched parties]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.gov.state.ga.us/ Georgia Governor Nathan Deal] official government site
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101028005654/https://www.nga.org/governor/nathan-deal/ Nathan Deal for Governor]
* {{C-SPAN|29431}}
'''Congress'''
* {{CongLinks | congbio=d000168 | votesmart= | fec=H2GA09036 | congress= }}<!--
Links formerly displayed via the CongLinks template:
* [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/400099 Congressional profile] at [[GovTrack]]
* [http://www.opencongress.org/people/show/400099 Congressional profile] at [[Participatory Politics Foundation|OpenCongress]]
* [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00002610 Financial information (federal office)] at [[Center for Responsive Politics|OpenSecrets.org]]
* [http://www.legistorm.com/member/199/Rep_John_Nathan_Deal.html Staff salaries, trips and personal finance] at LegiStorm.com
* -->
* [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Nathan_Deal Profile] at [[SourceWatch]]
'''Articles'''
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/12/us/12medicaid.html NYT Article on effects of his anti-illegal immigration legislation] March 12, 2007
* {{YouTube|d6BvSLB_L3U|News investigation}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-ga-sen}}
{{s-bef|before=Howard Overby}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[Georgia State Senate]]<br>from the 49th district|years=1981–1993}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Jane Hemmer]]}}
|-
{{s-par|us-hs}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ed Jenkins (U.S. politician)|Ed Jenkins]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Georgia|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Georgia's 9th congressional district]]|years=1993–2003}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Charlie Norwood]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Charlie Norwood]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Georgia|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Georgia's 10th congressional district]]|years=2003–2007}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Georgia|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Georgia's 9th congressional district]]|years=2007–2010}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Tom Graves]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-new|office}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[Blue Dog Coalition]] for Policy|years=1995|alongside=[[Gary Condit]] (Administration), [[John S. Tanner]] (Communications)}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Collin Peterson]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Sonny Perdue]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of Governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]]|years=[[2010 Georgia gubernatorial election|2010]], [[2014 Georgia gubernatorial election|2014]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Brian Kemp]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Sonny Perdue]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]]|years=2011–2019}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Brian Kemp]]}}
|-
{{s-prec|usa}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Roy Barnes]]|as=Former Governor}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence|Order of precedence of the United States]]|years=Within Georgia}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mike Castle]]|as=Former Governor}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence|Order of precedence of the United States]]|years=Outside Georgia}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John G. Rowland]]|as=Former Governor}}
{{s-end}}

{{Governors of Georgia |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deal, Nathan}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:20th-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:21st-century Georgia (U.S. state) politicians]]
[[Category:American prosecutors]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Baptists from Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Georgia (U.S. state) lawyers]]
[[Category:Georgia (U.S. state) state court judges]]
[[Category:Republican Party Georgia (U.S. state) state senators]]
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[[Category:Mercer University alumni]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:People from Gainesville, Georgia]]
[[Category:People from Millen, Georgia]]
[[Category:Presidents pro tempore of the Georgia State Senate]]
[[Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Republican Party governors of Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Southern Baptists]]
[[Category:United States Army officers]]
[[Category:Superior court judges in the United States]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the United States House of Representatives]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the Georgia General Assembly]]