Editing Navoiy

{{redirect|Navoi|the crater|Navoi (crater)}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->| official_name      = Navoiy
| native_name        = 
| settlement_type    = [[List of cities in Uzbekistan|City]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Rabati Malik, Navoiy, Uzbekistan.jpg
| photo2a = Photo 2022-03-07 16-41-14 Galaba shox1.jpg
| photo2b = NSMTU.jpg
| photo4a = Navoi Alisher Navoiy haykali.jpg
| photo3a = Rabat-i Malik caravanserai 1.JPG
| photo3b = Malik sardoba 1.JPG
| size = 250
| spacing = 2
| color = transparent
| border = 0
}}
| pushpin_map        = Uzbekistan#Asia
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_relief = yes
| image_map          = <!--{{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=9|frame-lat=|frame-long=}}-->
| mapsize            = 230px
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uzbekistan
| coordinates        = {{coord|40|05|04|N|65|22|45|E|region:UZ_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Regions of Uzbekistan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Navoiy Region]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Districts of Uzbekistan|District]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Karmana District]]
| established_title  = City status
| established_date   = September 3, 1958
| leader_title       = Hokim (governor)
| leader_name        = Ergashev Dilmurod<ref name="official" />
| elevation_m        = 382
| area_total_km2     = 35
| population_as_of   = 2020
| population_footnotes = <ref name=city>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uzbekistan/cities/ Uzbekistan], citypopulation.de</ref>
| population_total   = 144158
| population_density_km2 = auto
| postal_code_type   = Postal Code
| postal_code        = 210100
| area_code          = +998-79
| website            = {{URL|www.navoiy.uz}}
| footnotes          = 
| name               = 
| timezone           = [[Uzbekistan Time|UZT]]
| utc_offset         = +05:00
}}

'''Navoiy''' ({{IPAc-en|n|æ|v|ɑː|ˈ|iː}} {{respell|na-vah-EE}}; {{IPA|uz|næʋɔˈij|lang}}) is a city and the capital of [[Navoiy Region]] in the central part of [[Uzbekistan]]. Administratively, it is a district-level city, that includes the [[urban-type settlement]] [[Tinchlik, Navoiy|Tinchlik]].<ref name=class>{{cite web|url=https://stat.uz/uploads/docs/soato(mhobt)_2020.xlsx|title=Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan|language=uz, ru|date=July 2020|publisher=The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics}}</ref> The city is named after [[Alisher Navoi]]y. As of 2024, its population was 161,300 inhabitants.<ref name=city/>

== History ==
The city was founded in 1958, near the "Old city" originally known as [[Karmana]] under the [[Emirate of Bukhara]], under the name of the great [[poet]] and statesman [[Alisher Navoi]]y, who wrote in [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Chagatai language|Chaghatai]] at the court of Emir Husein Boykara (or [[Husayn Bayqarah|Husayn Bayqaro]]) in [[Herat]].

Even though the town is very young, it has rich history in this area and its surroundings. The Great Silk Road went through the region in ancient times. Archeological research in the area has also produced findings of numerous traces of Ancient Saki, Khorezm and Baktriya cultures.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://samarkandtours.com/uzbekistan/navoi/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205194304/https://samarkandtours.com/uzbekistan/navoi/ |archive-date=2020-12-05 |title=Navoi is the real oasis in the steppe - Samarkand Tours Operator}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Navoi, Uzbekistan|url=https://samarkandtours.com/uzbekistan/navoi/|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref>

== Government ==
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:100%;"
|+List of hokims (governors) of Navoiy City
|-
!No.
!Hokim
!Took office
!Left office
!{{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
| 1
| Bahodir Joʻrayev
| 2009
|2013
|
|-
| 2
| Neʼmatillo Axatov
| 2013
| 2017
| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uz24.uz/society/naznachen-noviy-hokim-goroda-navoi?addcomment=1|title=Назначен новый хоким города Навои|website=uz24.uz|date=2013-12-04|access-date=2017-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728161550/http://www.uz24.uz/society/naznachen-noviy-hokim-goroda-navoi?addcomment=1|archive-date=2017-07-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| 3
| Umarbek Xalilov
| 2017
| 2020
| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2017/04/10/navoi/|title=В Навои сменился хоким|website=Газета.uz|date=2017-04-10|access-date=2017-07-28}}</ref>
|-
| 4
| Muxiddin Bazarov
| 2020
| 2023
| <ref name="official">{{Cite web|url=https://navoi.uz/uz/menu/navoij-shari-okimligi|title=Navoiy shahar hokimligi |date=28 August 2020|publisher=Navoi.uz}}</ref>
|-
|5
|Dilmurod Ergashev
|2023
|Incumbent
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2023-08-20 |title=Navoiy shahriga yangi hokim tayinlandi |url=https://markaz24.uz/uz/navoiy-shahriga-yangi-hokim-tayinlandi/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=Markaz24.uz |language=uz-UZ}}</ref>
|}

== Population ==
{{Historical populations
| align = none
| cols = 2
| percentages = pagr
| source = Aznations.com<ref name="pop2019">{{cite web |url=https://www.aznations.com/population/uz/cities/navoi|title=Population of Navoiy |date=28 August 2020|publisher=Aznations.com}}</ref>
| graph-pos = bottom
|2001 |138082
|2005 |125500
|2007 |125800
|2015 |133540
|2016 |133526
|2017 |134113
|2018 |135548
|2019 |136374
|2020 |144158
|2021 |146865
|2022 |150611
|2023 |156000
|2024 |161300
}}

== Main sites ==

* The [[Rabati Malik]] is a heavily fortified 11th century [[caravanserai]] built by the Karakhanid ruler Abu’l Hasan Shams al Mulk Nasr to protect [[Silk Road]] merchants, their animals, and trade goods at night.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Ibbotson|first=Sophie|title=Uzbekistan|publisher=Bradt Guides Ltd|year=2020|isbn=9-781784-771089|location=United Kingdom|pages=214}}</ref> The building is on UNESCO’s Tentative List for [[World Heritage Site]] status, along with Sardoba Malik, the domed reservoir which supplied the caravanserai with water.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Rabati Malik Caravanserai|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5308/|access-date=2020-11-01|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en}}</ref> Rabati Malik is largely in ruins due to an earthquake in 1968, but the 12m high portal still stands and has been partially restored, as has the reservoir dome. The portal is decorated with carved terracotta, including eight-pointed stars and Arabic calligraphy.<ref name=":1" />
* The Deggaroniy Mausoleum is the burial place of the theologian Mavlono Orif Deggaroniy (1313–76), teacher of [[Baha' al-Din Naqshband|Khoja Bahauddin Naqshbandi]].<ref name=":0" /> It is a simple mud brick building with low domes, and is a place of pilgrimage for [[Naqshbandi|Naqshbandi Sufis]].
* The [[Mir-Sayid Bakhrom Mausoleum|Mir Said Bakhrom Mausoleum]] is a simple brick built mausoleum dating from the 11th century.<ref name=":0" /> The building is an important architectural prototype, with certain similarities to the [[Samanid Mausoleum]] in [[Bukhara]]. The portal is decorated with a Kufic inscription made from raised bricks, and the saint’s grave is covered with marble. The building is on UNESCO’s Tentative List for [[World Heritage Site]] status.<ref name=":1" />
* [[File:Interior of the Kosim Sheikh Mausoleum in Navoiy, Uzbekistan.jpg|thumb|Interior of the Kosim Sheikh Mausoleum in Navoiy, Uzbekistan]]The Kasim Sheikh complex was built in the 16th century by [[Abdullah Khan II|Abdulla Khan]], Emir of Bukhara, as a khanagha, a hostel for wandering [[Sufism|Sufi]] holy men.<ref name=":0" /> The mosque at the khanagha is now used as Navoi’s main mosque, but it is open to the public. There is an attractive turquoise dome and majolica tile work on the exterior of the building, and the interior is painted in geometric patterns in shades of blue.
*  [[Adventist Church (Navoiy)|Adventist Church]] is the first and only Seventh-day Adventist church in the city of Navoi and it was built between 1996 and 2001.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Hotamov |last2= Bekniyozov |date=2007 |title= Karmana — qadimiy diyor |trans-title= Karmana is an ancient land|language=Uzbek |location= Tashkent |publisher= Uzbekistan |isbn=978-9943-01-070-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://uzorg.info/oz/info-id-126702 |title= Tashkilot haqida |website= uzorg.info |accessdate= 2023-11-15}}</ref>
[[File:Navoiy Central Market, Uzbekistan.jpg|thumb|Navoiy Central Market, Navoiy, Uzbekistan]]

* Navoi Bazaar is the city’s main market. It is a huge, mostly covered market with different areas dedicated to fresh fruit and vegetables, dried goods, bread and pastries, meat, etc.

== Economy ==
Navoiy Region has large stocks of natural gas and deposits of precious metals, as well as large stocks of raw materials for production of construction materials. Among enterprises there are Navoi and Zarafshan Gold Mining and Metallurgical Complexes, which extract one of the purest golds in the world. The enterprise NavoiyAzot is the largest producer of [[mineral fertilizer]]s in the country.

=== Navoiy Free Industrial Economic Zone (FIEZ) ===
The Navoi Free Industrial Economic Zone (FIEZ) with special conditions for [[foreign direct investment|foreign investments]] was created in Navoi Region of Uzbekistan, nearby [[Navoiy International Airport]]. It is due to operate for 30 years.

Businesses in FIEZ enjoy favourable customs, currency and tax regulations and simplified procedures for entry, stay and obtaining of work permit for non-resident citizens. They are exempt from taxes for a period depending on the amount of direct investments:
* from 3 to 10 million  dollars – for 7 years;
* from 10 to 30 million dollars – for 10 years, with reduction of profit and unified tax payment rates by 50% in the next 5 years;
* more than 30 million dollars – for 15 years, with reduction of profit and unified tax payment rates by 50% in the next 10 years.
* Along with this, business entities will be exempted from paying customs duties (excluding charges for customs clearance) for equipment, raw materials and components imported for the production of export oriented goods. They will be able to make payments in foreign currency within the FIEZ, as well as to use convenient terms of payments for exported and imported goods.
Management of the FIEZ will be by an Administrative Council which may select an international company to manage the zone on a contract basis. A FIEZ development fund aimed to support infrastructure development is also planned.

13 joint ventures operate in Navoi FIEZ which produce car components, ADSL modems, LED lamps, cosmetics, diapers, and other products.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fiez.uz/ |title=Navoi Free Industrial Economic Zone |access-date=30 June 2014 }}</ref>

=== Transportation ===
The Zone will be located at a distance of 800 meters from the highway E-40, 1,8&nbsp;km from the cargo terminal of [[Navoiy Airport]], connected to international railway routes towards countries of Europe (via Russia), South Asia (via China), Middle East and the Gulf (via Iran). The distance to the nearest water and gas distribution centres is 800&nbsp;m, electrical station – 8&nbsp;km.

==Climate==
Navoiy has a [[semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|cold semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSk'') bordering on a [[desert climate#Cold desert climates|cold desert climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BWk''), characterised by hot to sweltering and arid summers, alongside chilly winters with frequent light precipitation.

{{Weather box
 | width       = auto
 | metric first = yes
 | single line = yes
 | location    = Navoiy (1991–2020)
 | Jan high C = 7.3
 | Feb high C = 10.1
 | Mar high C = 16.6
 | Apr high C = 23.5
 | May high C = 29.5
 | Jun high C = 34.9
 | Jul high C = 36.5
 | Aug high C = 35.0
 | Sep high C = 29.8
 | Oct high C = 22.8
 | Nov high C = 14.7
 | Dec high C = 8.9
 | year high C = 22.5

| Jan mean C = 2.6
 | Feb mean C = 4.6
 | Mar mean C = 10.3
 | Apr mean C = 16.7
 | May mean C = 22.4
 | Jun mean C = 27.4
 | Jul mean C = 29.3
 | Aug mean C = 27.1
 | Sep mean C = 21.2
 | Oct mean C = 14.5
 | Nov mean C = 8.2
 | Dec mean C = 3.9
 | year mean C = 15.7

| Jan low C = -0.8
 | Feb low C = 0.6
 | Mar low C = 5.4
 | Apr low C = 10.8
 | May low C = 15.3
 | Jun low C = 19.0
 | Jul low C = 20.8
 | Aug low C = 18.6
 | Sep low C = 13.3
 | Oct low C = 7.8
 | Nov low C = 3.5
 | Dec low C = 0.3
 | year low C = 9.6

| precipitation colour = green
 | Jan precipitation mm = 28.0
 | Feb precipitation mm = 34.7
 | Mar precipitation mm = 33.6
 | Apr precipitation mm = 30.3
 | May precipitation mm = 17.5
 | Jun precipitation mm = 2.6
 | Jul precipitation mm = 0.6
 | Aug precipitation mm = 0.6
 | Sep precipitation mm = 1.8
 | Oct precipitation mm = 4.6
 | Nov precipitation mm = 21.0
 | Dec precipitation mm = 23.3
 | year precipitation mm = 198.6

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
 | Jan precipitation days = 11
 | Feb precipitation days = 10
 | Mar precipitation days = 10
 | Apr precipitation days = 8
 | May precipitation days = 7
 | Jun precipitation days = 3
 | Jul precipitation days = 1
 | Aug precipitation days = 1
 | Sep precipitation days = 1
 | Oct precipitation days = 4
 | Nov precipitation days = 7
 | Dec precipitation days = 9
 | year precipitation days = 72

| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Uzbekistan/CSV/Navoiy_38567.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Navoiy
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = January 20, 2024}}</ref>
}}

== Gallery ==
{| class="graytable" style="text-align:center"
|[[File:I.Karimov sh.k.-2024-1.jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:I.Karimov sh.k.-2024-2.jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:A.Navoiy IB-1(2024).jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:A.Navoiy IB-2(2024).jpg|frameless]]
|-
| colspan="2" |[[Islam Karimov]] Avenue
| colspan="2" |"[[Alisher Navoiy]]" Recreation Park
|}
{| class="graytable" style="text-align:center"
|[[File:Markaziy Savdo Binosi (ЦУМ).jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:A.Navoiy IB-3(2024).jpg|frameless]]
| width="25%" |[[File:A.Navoiy IB-4(2024).jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:A.Navoiy IB-5(2024).jpg|frameless]]
|-
|Central Department Store
| colspan="3" |"[[Alisher Navoiy]]" Recreation Park
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Navoiy}}
* [http://www.navoi.uz/ Official website] {{in lang|uz}}
* [http://www.navoi.ru/ Official website] {{in lang|ru}}
* [http://www.gov.uz/ Gov.uz]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050407131157/http://www.ngmk.uz/en/main.htm NGMK.uz]

{{Navoiy Region}}
{{Cities in Uzbekistan}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places in Navoiy Region]]
[[Category:Cities in Uzbekistan]]