Editing Navojoa

{{Infobox settlement
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|official_name          = Navojoa
|other_name             =
|native_name            =  <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
|nickname               = La Perla del Mayo
|settlement_type        = [[City]]
|motto                  =
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|image_skyline          = Navojoa City Hall.jpg
|imagesize              =
|image_caption          = Navojoa City Hall with a small replica of the [[Angel de la Independencia]]
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|pushpin_map            = Mexico Sonora#Mexico
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|pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Mexico
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|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = {{MEX}}
|subdivision_type1      = State
|subdivision_name1      = [[Sonora]]
|subdivision_type2      = Municipality
|subdivision_name2      = [[Navojoa Municipality]]
|subdivision_type3      =
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|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           =[[Municipal president]]
|leader_name            =Jorge Alberto Elías Retes
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|established_title      = Founded
|established_date       = 1907
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|area_footnotes           =
|area_total_km2           = 4380.69
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|population_as_of               = 2020
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|population_total               = 164,387
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|population_demonym              = Navojoense
<!-- General information  --------------->
|timezone               = [[Time in Mexico|Pacific]] [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|(US Mountain)]]
|utc_offset             = -7
|timezone_DST           = No [[Daylight saving time|DST]]
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|coordinates            = {{coord|27|4|52.68|N|109|26|45.96|W|region:MX|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 50
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|postal_code_type       = Postal code <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal_code            =85800
|area_code              =642
|blank_name             = [[Mexican Federal Highway|Federal Routes]]
|blank_info             = [[File:Carretera federal 15.svg|26px|link=Mexican Federal Highway 15]] 
|blank2_name            = [[List of highways in Sonora|State Routes]]
|blank2_info            = [[File:Carretera_estatal_149_(Sonora).svg|26px|link=Sonora State Highway 149]] [[File:Carretera estatal 162 (Sonora).svg|26px|link=Sonora State Highway 162]]
|website                =
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}}

'''Navojoa''' is the fifth-largest city in the northern [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Sonora]] and is situated in the southern part of the state. The city is the administrative seat of [[Navojoa Municipality]], located in the [[Mayo River (Mexico)|Mayo River Valley]].

==History==
The city name derives from the native [[Mayo language]] meaning "cactus-house" (Navo"= [[Cactus]], "Jova"= House). The valley has been continuously inhabited since pre-Hispanic times by the [[Mayo people]].
[[Image:Iglesia del Sagrado Corazon Navojoa Sonora.jpg|thumb|Iglesia del Sagrado Corazon]]

In September 1536, [[Diego de Guzmán]], a Spaniard, became the first known European to reach the valley. The first [[Jesuit]] missionaries started settling in the region in 1614, founding '''Mission Santa Catalina Camoa'''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Eckhart |first1=George B. |title=A Guide to the History of the Missions of Sonora, 1614-1826 |journal=Arizona and the West |date=1960 |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=165–183 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40167019 |access-date=1 May 2024 |issn=0004-1408}}</ref> Several [[geoglyphs]] from the Mayo tribe can be found along the Mayo River.

Due to the city's distant location from [[Mexico City]], the difficult times of Mexico's independence in the early 19th century were largely absent from the region. However, the city had some importance after the [[Mexican Revolution]] of 1910. The Mexican Revolutionary [[Álvaro Obregón]] was born in [[Hacienda Siquisiva]], a small town near Navojoa. Álvaro Obregón became [[president of Mexico]] after the revolt and initiated an  in the Mayo/Yaqui Valley, introducing modern agricultural techniques and making this valley one of the most prosperous agricultural regions in Mexico.

==Economy==
Navojoa is part of the large economic center known as the Mayo Valley, which together with Ciudad Obregón and the Yaqui Valley, form one of the most productive agricultural regions in Mexico.

Although [[agriculture]] remains the main source of income, the Navojoa region is increasingly dependent on industrial foreign investment and [[aquaculture]], especially [[shrimp farm]]ing.

Two large swine production companies that export mainly to the United States, Germany and Japan, a recycled containerboard mill and box factory privately owned by Sonoran investors, as well as one brewery belonging to the [[FEMSA]] group (recently acquired from Heineken), are among the main industries in Navojoa.

The city gains importance through its geographic diversity featuring close access to coastal, desert, and southwest mountainous areas as well as its close proximity to the United States and the neighboring state of Sinaloa. Navojoa is {{convert|64|km|mi|sp=us}} south of [[Ciudad Obregón]] connected primarily by a toll highway (Mex. 15) that extends north across the state of Sonora to the [[Arizona]] border.
[[Image:Reloj Monumental Navojoa Sonora.jpg|thumb|Clock Tower]]

==Transportation==

===Airports===
[[Ciudad Obregón International Airport]] (CEN) is the nearest commercial airport, {{convert|48|km|mi|sp=us}} north of Navojoa. It receives flights from [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]], [[Hermosillo]], [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]], [[Loreto, Baja California Sur|Loreto]], [[Los Cabos]], [[Mexico City]], [[Monterrey]], and, internationally, from [[Los Angeles]], [[Tucson, AZ|Tucson]], [[Phoenix, AZ|Phoenix]] and [[Houston, TX|Houston]] in the United States.  Airlines serving this airport include Aeromexico, AeroCalafia, Interjet, Volaris and low-cost airline VivaAerobus.

Alternate Airports to CEN are Hermosillo Intl. Airport (IATA: HMO) and in a lower sense Los Mochis (IATA: LMM). HMO also receives low cost airlines' flights incoming from the main cities of the Republic such as: Mexico City, Guadalajara, Querétaro, Monterrey, Tijuana, Puebla among others.

Navojoa also has a local airport (see: [[Navojoa Airport]]) next to the industrial sector, which is suitable for light private planes. It is about {{convert|8|km|mi|sp=us}} south of the city center.

===Buses===
Several companies offer low, mid and luxury class bus services from Navojoa to the Mexican Republic and international destinations such as Tucson, Phoenix and Los Angeles in the US. Connections are offered by foreign partner companies to other USA and Canada destinations. A bus station was built in the north of the city; however it is not used and small stations in the city center are used instead.

Old public city buses have been replaced with new models with air conditioning,  called SUBA. They run every few minutes and provide simple and cheap transport.

===Railroad===
A north-south freight-only railroad is in operation, connecting to the Mexican border in Nogales and to [[Guadalajara, Jalisco]].

===Highways===
[[File:ARIELGTZ-AGV 8167 (22739141226).jpg|thumbnail|Navojoa–[[Ciudad Obregón]] Highway]]
The most important highway serving Navojoa is [[Mexican Federal Highway 15]], a four-lane highway which connects it to north to Ciudad Obregón, Guaymas, Hermosillo, Nogales and the United States of America; and to the south to the states of Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacán, State of Mexico and Mexico City.

The main state routes serving Navojoa are [[Sonora State Highway 149]] and [[Sonora State Highway 162]].

Also, the Periférico is a semi-beltway encompassing some of Navojoa's southern and western neighborhoods and it is used as a truck route or bypass for Mexican Federal Highway 15.
It is enlarged from 2 to 4 lanes in the western section between Centenario Boulevard and Sosa Chávez Boulevard with the project ending in december of 2017.
[[Image:Blvd. Alvaro Obregón Navojoa Sonora.jpg|thumb|Álvaro Obregón Blvd.]]

===Others===
Although Navojoa's streets are almost all paved, horse-drawn carts are still used by the residents of the small surrounding communities ([[San Ignacio Cohuirimpo]], etc.).  Horse carts are numerous enough that there is a parking lot reserved for them on Hidalgo Avenue near the City Market in central Navojoa.

==Education==
The following institutions of higher education are based in Navojoa:
* [[Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora]] (ITSON)
* [[Universidad de Sonora]] - Unidad Navojoa
* [[National Pedagogic University (Mexico)|Universidad Pedagógica Nacional]] Campus Navojoa (UPN)
* [[University of Navojoa|Universidad de Navojoa]] - Affiliated with the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]]; also known as Colegio del Pacifico
* Universidad Estatal de Sonora (UES)
* Instituto Pedagógigo de Postgrado de Sonora (IPPSON)
* [[Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey]] (ITESM) - Campus Obregón/Unidad Navojoa
* Atelier Sonorense
* [[Universidad TecMilenio]] Campus Navojoa.
* Universidad del Desarrollo Profesional (UNIDEP) Campus Navojoa.

==Tourism==
[[Image:Obelisco Alvaro Obregon.jpg|thumb|[[Álvaro Obregón]] Monument]]
Navojoa has many hotels with a range of cost and quality. Most hotels are located off Pesqueira Street, mainly between the 1-km-long area between Tecnológico Avenue and Centenario Boulevard.

===Museums===
The "Museo Regional del Mayo" (Mayo's Regional Museum) is located in the former railroad station building opposite Santa Fe Springs square. The Museum has 5 rooms which exhibit temporary paint, handicraft and sculpture expositions, pre-Hispanic and colonial objects, ethnographic expositions dedicated to the Mayos' culture and other objects related to Navojoa's history.

The Tehuelibampo Museum is an eco-museum with 89 petroglyphics carved in the stones over 500 years ago by the Mayo people. It is located next to the Mayo river, some kilometers north-west of Navojoa.

===Beaches===
The city is near the Gulf of California which offers a variety of beaches. The surrounding country is also popular for hunting ducks, doves and deer.

[[Las Bocas, Sonora|Las Bocas]], 30 miles south of Navojoa, is a small beach community on the Gulf of California that is frequently visited by the local residents of Navojoa during spring. (April–May). It is particularly popular during "Semana Santa" (Holy Week), when campers stay for seven days and then return to Navojoa for Easter celebrations.

Many people from Navojoa own a second house in Las Bocas.

Although one of the closer beaches to Navojoa is located about one hour away in a small town called Huatabampo. The beach is named after the town, hence the name, "Huatabampito" where many families gather year long to enjoy the beauty of the ocean.

===Adolfo Ruiz Cortinez dam===
The [[Adolfo Ruiz Cortines Dam]], also called Mocúzarit, is a popular fishing spot and stores water used for irrigating the valley via the Mayo River. Other uses include kayaking, water-skiing, geoglyph-viewing and other leisure activities.

===Others===
Navojoa also acts as a hub for those visiting the colonial town of [[Álamos]], which is {{convert|48|km|mi|sp=us}} inland toward the mountains of the Sierra Madre.

==Climate==

Navojoa has a borderline [[semi-arid climate]]/[[desert climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BSh/BWh'') with warm winters and hot summers.<ref name=Peel>{{cite journal | author=Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. | year=2007 | title= Updated world map of the Köppen&ndash;Geiger climate classification | journal=Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. | volume=11 | issue=5 | pages=1633–1644 |doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 | bibcode=2007HESS...11.1633P | url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf | issn = 1027-5606| doi-access=free }}</ref> Precipitation is scarce, but is more common during the summer months during the [[North American Monsoon|monsoon]] season.

{{Weather box
|location = Navojoa, Sonora (1981-2010, extremes (1960–present)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 36.5
|Feb record high C = 39.5
|Mar record high C = 40.5
|Apr record high C = 43.5
|May record high C = 44.0
|Jun record high C = 48.0
|Jul record high C = 45.5
|Aug record high C = 45.5
|Sep record high C = 45.0
|Oct record high C = 43.0
|Nov record high C = 41.5
|Dec record high C = 38.5
|year record high C = 48.0
|Jan high C = 25.9
|Feb high C = 27.2
|Mar high C = 29.3
|Apr high C = 32.8
|May high C = 36.2
|Jun high C = 38.3
|Jul high C = 37.7
|Aug high C = 37.2
|Sep high C = 36.5
|Oct high C = 34.6
|Nov high C = 30.4
|Dec high C = 26.2
|year high C = 32.7
|Jan mean C = 17.6
|Feb mean C = 18.5
|Mar mean C = 20.4
|Apr mean C = 23.4
|May mean C = 26.8
|Jun mean C = 30.4
|Jul mean C = 31.0
|Aug mean C = 30.6
|Sep mean C = 29.8
|Oct mean C = 27.0
|Nov mean C = 22.1
|Dec mean C = 18.0
|year mean C = 24.6
|Jan low C = 9.3
|Feb low C = 9.8
|Mar low C = 11.4
|Apr low C = 14.1
|May low C = 17.4
|Jun low C = 22.5
|Jul low C = 24.4
|Aug low C = 24.0
|Sep low C = 23.1
|Oct low C = 19.4
|Nov low C = 13.8
|Dec low C = 9.7
|year low C = 16.6
|Jan record low C = -3.5
|Feb record low C = -1.0
|Mar record low C = 1.0
|Apr record low C = 6.2
|May record low C = 9.0
|Jun record low C = 12.5
|Jul record low C = 16.0
|Aug record low C = 16.0
|Sep record low C = 14.0
|Oct record low C = 9.0
|Nov record low C = 3.5
|Dec record low C = 0.5
|year record low C = -3.5
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 22.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 14.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 4.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 2.3
|May precipitation mm = 0.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 9.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 98.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 93.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 122.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 22.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 18.1
|Dec precipitation mm = 25.4
|year precipitation mm = 435.1
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 2.4
|Feb precipitation days = 1.8
|Mar precipitation days = 0.8
|Apr precipitation days = 0.6
|May precipitation days = 0.1
|Jun precipitation days = 1.2
|Jul precipitation days = 9.2
|Aug precipitation days = 8.9
|Sep precipitation days = 5.7
|Oct precipitation days = 2.0
|Nov precipitation days = 1.8
|Dec precipitation days = 2.0
|year precipitation days = 36.5
|source 1 = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional<ref name = SMN>{{cite web
| url =http://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales8110/NORMAL26061.TXT
| title = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981-2010 
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional 
| language = es
| access-date = February 21, 2013}}</ref><ref name = extremas>{{cite web
| url = http://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales5110/NORMAL26061.TXT
| title = Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Navojoa 1951-2010
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional 
| language = es
| access-date = June 1, 2017}}</ref>
|date=June 2017
}}

==Sister cities==

[[Image:Santa Fe Springs Square.jpg|thumb|Santa Fe Springs Sq.]]
*[[Image:Flag of the United States.svg|25px]] [[Santa Fe Springs]], [[California]], United States
*[[Image:Flag of Spain.svg|25px]] [[Almería]], [[Almería (province)|Almería]], Spain.
*{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Mexicali]], [[Baja California]]

==Sports==
There are two main public sports facilities in Navojoa.

One is "Unidad Deportiva Faustino Félix Serna" with many different baseball, baseball and softball fields, basketball courts, a pool, a professional baseball stadium, a professional basketball arena and many other sport facilities.

The other main sports center, "Unidad Deportiva Oriente" is located in the eastern part of the city.

Private sports centers are available too, one of them is the "Casino Social de Navojoa", located near downtown. Another one is "La Quinta Racquet Club" located in Los Naranjos neighborhood.

The city of Navojoa has its own [[baseball]] team called ''[[Mayos de Navojoa]]'' which is a member of the [[Liga Mexicana del Pacífico]], the most important baseball league in México.

[[Image:Estadio de Baseball Manuel Echeverria Navjoa.jpg|thumb|[[Estadio Manuel "Ciclón" Echeverría]]]]

Well-known native baseball players, all of them played in MLB:

*[[Gabe Alvarez|Gabriel "Gabe" Alvarez]], [[Detroit Tigers]].
*[[Luis Cruz|Luis Alfonso "Cochito" Cruz]], [[LA Dodgers]].
*[[Francisco Estrada|Francisco "Paquín" Estrada]], [[New York Mets]].
*[[Isidro Márquez]], [[Chicago White Sox]].
*[[Fernando Valenzuela]], [[LA Dodgers]].

==Other famous natives==
*[[Valentín Elizalde]], Banda singer
*[[Ignacio Almada]], writer
*[[Javier Alatorre]], journalist and anchor for ''[[Hechos]]'', a news show for [[TV Azteca]]
*[[Álvaro Obregón]], [[President of Mexico]] from 1920 to 1924
*[[Yori Boy Campas|Luis Ramón "Yori Boy" Campas]], boxer, former [[International Boxing Federation|IBF]] World Jr. Middleweight champion
*[[Beatriz Adriana]], folk music singer
*[[Manuel Echeverría]], baseball player
*[[Arturo Chacón Cruz]], tenor
*[[Rafael Moreno (singer)|Rafael Moreno]], Catholic singer
*[[Rodolfo Coronel]], popular folk music singer
*[[Juan Manuel González Flores]], vice-president of the [http://www.ulb.ac.be/assoc/fisu/html/body_ec_gonzalez.html International University Sports Federation]
*[[Ana Patricia Gámez]], winner of Nuestra Belleza Latina 2010
*[[Fausto Isidro Meza Flores]], [[drug lord]] and high-ranking leader of the [[Beltran-Leyva Cartel]]<ref name="Chapo Isidro">[[OpenSanctions.org]]: [https://www.opensanctions.org/entities/Q5438334/ Fausto Isidro MEZA FLORES]</ref>
*[[Maria Mazon]], Competitor on Top Chef Season 18

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/default.asp Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005] INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
*[http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_sonora Sonora] Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México

El Monobloque: International Alternative music band

== External links ==
*{{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110722225444/http://navojoa.sonora.gob.mx/ Navojoa, Ayuntamiento Digital] ''(Official Website of Navojoa, Sonora)''
*{{in lang|es}} [http://www.nvy.mx Social Events on Navojoa] NVY.mx
*{{in lang|es}} [http://www.keondas.com Picture of Social Tu Portal son sabor Sonorense de Navojoa] keondas.com
*{{in lang|es}} [http://www.navoyork.com Picture of Social Events Portal de Navojoa] Navoyork.com
*{{in lang|es}} {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20051013070535/http://www.gotosonora.com/ Sonora Turismo]}} Secretariat of Tourism of Sonora
*{{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20111129025722/http://www.mayosbeisbol.com/ Mayos de Navojoa] [[baseball]] team, members of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20050928212318/http://www.lmp.com.mx/ Mexican Pacific League].
*[https://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=Navojoa,+Mexico&ie=UTF8&ll=27.068909,-109.445801&spn=0.073066,0.117073&t=k&om=1 Satellite view on Google Maps]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Missions in Sonora]]
[[Category:1907 establishments in Mexico]]

{{commonscat}}