Editing Nui (atoll)

{{Short description|Atoll and one of nine districts of Tuvalu}}
{{For|the small Pacific island nation sometimes pronounced "Nui"|Niue}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Nui
| native_name             = 
| native_name_lang        = 
| settlement_type         = [[Atoll]]
| image_map               = Nui atoll.jpg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Aerial view of Nui
| pushpin_map             = Tuvalu
| pushpin_label_position  = left
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Tuvalu
| coordinates             = {{coord|07|13|29|S|177|09|37|E|region:TV_type:isle_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = [[Tuvalu]]
| subdivision_type1       = 
| subdivision_name1       = 
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| seat_type               = 
| seat                    = 
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          = 2.83
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 514
| population_as_of        = 2022
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = Nuian
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = 
| utc_offset1             = 
| timezone1_DST           = 
| utc_offset1_DST         = 
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = TV-NUI
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = 
| image_map1              = File:Nui 2022.png
| map_caption1            = Map of the atoll
}}

'''Nui''' is an [[atoll]] and one of nine districts of the Pacific Ocean state of [[Tuvalu]].<ref name="TINui">{{cite web|url=https://www.mapsland.com/oceania/tuvalu|title= Maps of Tuvalu |access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="ANCn">{{cite book |title= British Admiralty Nautical Chart 766 Ellice Islands|date= 21 March 1872 |edition= 1893 |publisher= United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO)}}</ref> It has a land area of 3.37&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and a population of 514 (2022 Census).<ref name="C2012">{{cite web|title= Population of communities in Tuvalu| publisher=Thomas Brinkhoff|year =2017|url= http://www.citypopulation.de/Tuvalu.html | access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref>

Traditionally Nuian culture is organised in three family circles – Tekaubaonga, Tekaunimala and Tekaunibiti families.<ref name="TH10">{{cite book |first1=Sotaga |last1=Pape |editor-first1=Hugh |editor-last1=Laracy |title= Tuvalu: A History |year= 1983 |publisher= Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu |pages=74–76|chapter=Chapter 10 – Nui}}</ref> Most people live on the western end of [[Fenua Tapu (island)|Fenua Tapu]]. In the 2012 census, 321 people live in Alamoni – Maiaki and 221 people live in Manutalake – Meang ([[Tanrake]]).<ref name="C2012"/> The junior school is Vaipuna Primary School.

==Geography==
Nui consists of at least 21 islets. These are:

* [[Fenua Tapu]]
* [[Motupuakaka]]
* [[Pakantou]]
* [[Piliaieve]]
* [[Pongalei]]
* [[Talalolae]]
* [[Telikiai]], also known as ''Meang''
* [[Tokinivae]]
* [[Unimai]]
* and at least 12 other islands

The biggest, most southern and most eastern island is [[Fenua Tapu (isle)|Fenua Tapu]] (area 1.38&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), which is followed by [[Telikiai]] (which is the most western islet), [[Tokinivae]], [[Pongalei]], [[Talalolae]], [[Pakantou]], [[Unimai]], [[Piliaieve]] and [[Motupuakaka]].

==Languages==
The people of Nui speak the [[Gilbertese language]], the language of [[Kiribati]], and [[Tuvaluan language|Tuvaluan]], the official language of [[Tuvalu]].<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm|title= Tuvaluan (Te 'gana Tūvalu)|publisher=Omniglot|access-date=6 November 2012}}</ref> The ancestors of Nui came from both [[Samoa]] and the [[Gilbert Islands]] in what is now Kiribati.

==Early history==
The island was first sighted by Europeans on 16 January 1568 by [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] navigator [[Álvaro de Mendaña y Neyra|Álvaro de Mendaña]], who named it ''Isla de Jesús'' (Spanish for "Island of Jesus") because it was discovered on the day following the feast of the [[Feast of the Holy Name of Jesus|Holy Name]]. There are no less than six accounts of this event, that of Mendaña himself being as follows:

"A little after nine o'clock in the morning, a lad called Trejo, being aloft, first sighted land upon the starboard side to the southwest...When we drew near, we found it so small that it was no more than six leagues in circumference. This island was very full of trees like palms; towards the north it had a reef, which entered the sea a quarter of a league, and towards the south was another smaller reef. On the west side it had a strand lying lengthways, with reefs in different parts. This is on the west side, for we could not go round the east side because of the weather. Taking this island from the sea outwards, it has the shape of two [[galley]]s, with a copse in the middle which appears like a fleet of ships"

Mendaña found the island inhabited and five canoes came nearly within bow shot of his ship, when their occupants raised their paddles and turned back with shouts. Mendaña thereupon ordered signals to be made to them with a white cloth to try to get them to return, instead of which they landed and in turn stuck up signals along the shore. At night one of the ships showed a light, it was copied by a fire, and when it was put out the fire extinguished also. [[Hernán Gallego]], Mendaña's pilot, says the natives were "naked and [[mulatto]]es" and [[Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa]], [[cosmography|cosmographer]] in the expedition reported that the island "had a large fishery". As it was late Mendaña decided to defer landing until the morning and kept the ships [[tacking (sailing)|tacking]] all night. With the dawn, however, a strong westerly storm blew up, and although they tried all day to regain the island they were at length compelled to give up.<ref>Maude, H.E. ''Spanish discoveries in the Central Pacific. A study in identification'' Journal of the Polynesian Society, Wellington, LXVIII, (1959), p.299,303.</ref><ref>Maude, Islands and Men: Studies in Pacific History, Melbourne: Oxford University Press (1986)</ref><ref>Keith S. Chambers & Doug Munro, ''The Mystery of Gran Cocal: European Discovery and Mis-Discovery in Tuvalu'', 89(2) (1980) p.170 The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 167–198</ref><ref>Laumua Kofe, Palagi and Pastors, ''Tuvalu: A History'', Ch. 15, (U.S.P./Tuvalu)</ref>
<gallery widths=180>
TROOST(1829) p405 Platte Grond van het Nederlandsch-Eiland.jpg| Dutch map of the island, made in June 1825
TROOST(1829) p297 Het Nederlandsch Eiland.jpg| View of the main island
TROOST(1829) p293 Het Nederlandsch Eilanden.jpg| View of the atoll
</gallery>
A Dutch expedition (the frigate ''Maria Reijgersbergen''<ref name="DW">{{cite web|title= Dutch warships available but not in active service in August 1834|date =3 December 2011|url= http://warshipsresearch.blogspot.com.au/2011/12/dutch-warships-avaible-but-not-in.html| access-date=22 March 2016}}</ref>) found Nui on the morning of 14 June 1825 and named the main island ([[Fenua Tapu (isle)|Fenua Tapu]]) as ''Nederlandsch Eiland'' (Dutch Island).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/aanteekeningeng00troogoog#page/n13/mode/2up |title=Pieter Troost: ''Aanteekeningen gehouden op eene reis om de wereld: met het fregat de Maria Reigersberg en de ...'' |year=1829 |access-date=14 August 2017}}</ref> The atoll has been called Egg or Netherland Island.<ref name="CH-GA">{{cite journal|ref=Hedley|last1= Hedley |first1= Charles|title= General account of the Atoll of Funafuti|url= http://australianmuseum.net.au/Uploads/Journals/16686/487_complete.pdf |year= 1896 |journal= Australian Museum Memoir |volume=3|issue=2|pages=1–72 at 6 |doi= 10.3853/j.0067-1967.3.1896.487 }}</ref>

[[File:Martin Kleis family.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Martin Kleis]] (1850-1908) with Kotalo Kleis and their son Hans Martin Kleis.]]
The population of Nui from 1860 to 1900 is estimated to be between 250<ref>W.F. Newton, The Early Population of the Ellice Islands, 76(2) (1967) The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 197–204.</ref> and 300 people.<ref>Richard Bedford, Barrie Macdonald & Doug Monro, Population Estimates for Kiribati and Tuvalu (1980) 89(1) Journal of the Polynesian Society 199</ref>

Kirisome, was Nui's first and long serving pastor (1865–99).<ref name="MDKT">{{cite book |last1=Munro |first1= Doug |title= Kirisome and Tema: Samoan Pastors in the Ellice Islands|year= 1978 |publisher= Deryck Scarr (ed.), More Pacific Islands Portraits |location=Canberra }}</ref>

Robert Waters was an early trader on Nui in the 1850s-1860s.<ref name="Doug Munro 1987">Doug Munro, ''The Lives and Times of Resident Traders in Tuvalu: An Exercise in History from Below'', (1987) 10(2) Pacific Studies 73</ref> [[Martin Kleis]] was the resident trader on Nui in the late 19th century who sold [[copra]] to [[Thomas Henderson (New Zealand politician)|Henderson and Macfarlane]].<ref name="TH10"/><ref name="Doug Munro 1987"/><ref name="AM1909">{{cite book |last1= Mahaffy |first1= Arthur |title= Report by Mr. Arthur Mahaffy on a visit to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands |year=1910|publisher= Great Britain, Colonial Office, High Commission for Western Pacific Islands (London: His Majesty's Stationery Office)|chapter=(CO 225/86/26804)|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2367/ }}</ref>

The photographer [[Thomas Andrew (photographer)|Thomas Andrew]] visited Nui in about 1885–86.<ref name="AT3">{{cite web| last =Andrew | first =Thomas |title= Mission House Nui. From the album: Views in the Pacific Islands|publisher= Collection of Museum of New Zealand (Te Papa)|year =1886 |url= http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/objectdetails.aspx?irn=1238504| access-date=10 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="AT4">{{cite web| last =Andrew | first =Thomas |title= Bread fruit tree Nui. From the album: Views in the Pacific Islands|publisher= Collection of Museum of New Zealand (Te Papa)|year =1886 |url= http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/objectdetails.aspx?irn=1238500| access-date=10 April 2014}}</ref>

Nui Post Office opened around 1919<ref name = "Post Office">{{Cite web  | last = Premier Postal History  | title = Post Office List  | publisher = Premier Postal Auctions | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=ge&country= | access-date = 5 July 2013}}</ref> and a climate station was established in 1941.<ref name = "Climate Station">{{Cite web | title = Nui (Tuvalu) | publisher = World Meteorological Organization | url = https://oscar.wmo.int/surface/index.html#/search/station/stationReportDetails/0-20000-0-91636 | access-date = 17 December 2018}}</ref>

The traditional outrigger canoes ([[Paopao (canoe)|''paopao'']]) from Nui were constructed with an indirect type of outrigger attachment and the hull is double-ended, with no distinct bow and stern. These canoes were designed to be sailed over the Nui lagoon.<ref name="PM">{{cite journal |author= McQuarrie, Peter|url= http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_85_1976/Volume_85%2C_No._4/Nui_Island_sailing_canoes%2C_by_Peter_McQuarrie%2C_p_543-548/p1?page=0&action=searchresult&target= |title= Nui Island sailing canoes |journal= Journal of the Polynesian Society |volume= 85|year= 1976|issue = 4|pages=543–548}}</ref> The booms of the outrigger are longer than those found in other designs of canoes from the other islands.<ref name="K1931">{{cite book |last1=Kennedy|first1= Donald |title= The Ellice Islands Canoe Journal of the Polynesian Society Memoir no. 9 |url= http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document//Memoirs_%28Additional%29/No._9%3A_Field_Notes_on_the_Culture_of_Vaitupu%2C_Ellice_Islands%2C_by_D._G._Kennedy/The_Ellice_Islands_Canoe%2C_p_71-100/p1 |year= 1931 |publisher= Journal of the Polynesian Society |pages=71–100}}</ref> This made the Nui canoe more stable when used with a sail than the other designs.<ref name="PM"/>

Celebrations are held on Nui on 16 February – ''Bogin te Ieka'' (Day of the Flood) – to commemorate the [[Tsunami]] that struck the island on that day in 1882.<ref name="TH10"/><ref name="RC04">{{cite web|title= Nowhere to run. Tuvaluans consider their future after Tropical Cyclone Pam|publisher= Report from International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies|date =17 April 2015 |url= http://reliefweb.int/report/tuvalu/nowhere-run-tuvaluans-consider-their-future-after-tropical-cyclone-pam| access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>

==Cyclone ''Pam'', March 2015==
Nui was affected by storm surges caused by [[Cyclone Pam|Cyclone ''Pam'']] in early March 2015, which caused damage to houses, crops and infrastructure.<ref name="UNDP">{{cite web| work= United Nations Development Programme|title= Forgotten paradise under water|date =1 May 2015 |url= https://undp.exposure.co/forgotten-paradise-under-water| access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> On 22 March 71 families (40 per cent of the population) of Nui remained displaced and were living in 3 evacuation centres or with other families.<ref name=RW22>{{cite web|url= http://reliefweb.int/report/tuvalu/tuvalu-tropical-cyclone-pam-situation-report-no-1-22-march-2015 |title=Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 1 (as of 22 March 2015)| date =22 March 2015|publisher= Relief Web |access-date= 25 March 2015}}</ref> The Situation Report published on 30 March reported that Nui suffered the most damage of the three central islands (Nui, [[Nukufetau]] and [[Vaitupu]]); with Nui suffering the loss of 90% of the crops.<ref name=RW30>{{cite web|url= http://reliefweb.int/report/tuvalu/tuvalu-tropical-cyclone-pam-situation-report-no-2-30-march-2015 |title=Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 2 (as of 30 March 2015)| date =30 March 2015|publisher= Relief Web |access-date= 30 March 2015}}</ref> Health assessment teams visited Nui and the other islands affected by Cyclone Pam.<ref name=WHO04>{{cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/tuvalu/tuvalu-situation-update-3-april-2015 |title=Tuvalu situation update: Securing health from disastrous impacts of cyclone Pam in Tuvalu| date =3 April 2015 |publisher= Relief Web/World Health Organization – Western Pacific Region |access-date= 8 June 2015}}</ref>

==General election, 2024==
[[Mackenzie Kiritome]] was re-elected and Sir [[Iakoba Italeli|Iakoba Taeia Italeli]] was elected to represent Nui in the parliament in the [[2024 Tuvaluan general election|2024 general election]].<ref name="RNZ-24-1-27">{{cite news| url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/pacific/507716/tuvalu-general-election-six-newcomers-in-parliament | title=Tuvalu general election: Six newcomers in parliament |work=[[Radio New Zealand]] |date= 29 January 2024 |access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref><ref name="PDV-24-1-30">{{cite news |last1=Marinaccio|first1=Jess |title=Tuvalu’s 2024 general election: a new political landscape|url=https://devpolicy.org/2024-tuvalu-general-election-a-changing-political-landscape-20240130/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |work=PolicyDevBlog|date=30 January 2024}}</ref> Dr. [[Puakena Boreham]] was not re-elected.<ref name="RNZ-24-1-27"/>

{{Election box begin no change
| title = Nui constituency results
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = [[Mackenzie Kiritome]] [[File:Symbol confirmed.svg|16px]]
| party = Non-partisan
| votes = 352
| percentage = 36.90
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Sir [[Iakoba Italeli]] [[File:Symbol confirmed.svg|16px]]
| party = Non-partisan
| votes = 311
| percentage = 32.60
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Dr. [[Puakena Boreham]]
| party = Non-partisan
| votes = 291
| percentage = 30.50
}}
{{Election box end}}

==Notable local people==
Sir [[Iakoba Italeli]] (GCMC) was the [[Governor-General of Tuvalu]] from 16 April 2010 until 22 August 2019. He represented Nui in the [[Parliament of Tuvalu|Parliament]] from 2006 until he was appointed the Governor-General. He was the Minister of Education, Sports and Health in the [[Ielemia Ministry]]. He was again elected an MP in the 2024 general election and was appointed the Speaker of the Parliament.

[[Alesana Seluka|Alesana Kleis Seluka]] (MBE, CBE) is medical doctor by profession and Chairman of the Public Service Commission of Tuvalu.<ref name="Semi">{{cite web|first= Afasene|last=Iosefa|title= Leave no women behind, be bold for change|date= 14 May 2018|url= https://kmt.news/2018/05/14/leave-no-women-behind-be-bold-for-change/|publisher= KMT News|access-date= 30 April 2020}}</ref><ref name="TLG">{{cite web| work= The London Gazette|title= Eights Supplement | date=12 June 1998 | url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/55162/supplement/1/data.pdf| access-date=30 April 2020}}</ref> He has represented Nui in the parliament. He served as the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning from 1996 until 1999, and Minister of Health from 2001 to 2006.

[[Pelenike Isaia]] became the second woman ever to have sat in the [[Parliament of Tuvalu]], she became an MP in the 2011 by-election following the death of her husband [[Isaia Taeia Italeli]].<ref name="ITI">{{cite web| title= State Funeral for the Minister of Natural Resources, Hon Isaia Taeia Italeli | publisher= Tuvalu Philatelic Bureau Newsletter (TPB: 01/2011) |date= 25 July 2011 |url= http://www.tuvaluislands.com/stamps/phil-bur/newsletter/TPB%20Newsletter%202011-01.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120501160553/http://www.tuvaluislands.com/stamps/phil-bur/newsletter/TPB%20Newsletter%202011-01.pdf|url-status= usurped|archive-date= 1 May 2012|access-date=20 November 2012}}</ref> She represented Nui until the [[2015 Tuvaluan general election]].<ref name="IPU2010">{{cite web| work=Inter-Parliamentary Union|title=Palamene o Tuvalu (Parliament of Tuvalu) |year =2010 |url= http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2327_E.htm| access-date=7 March 2013}}</ref>

[[Mamao Keneseli]] is a community development leader on Nui, where she became involved with running a women's handicraft centre in 1990, teaching women how to develop their skills and earn a living. From 2010 to 2017 she was the director of the Matapulapula Women's Group.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spc.int/70-inspiring-pacific-women/mamao-keneseli/|title=Mamao Keneseli|publisher=Pacific Community|access-date=10 January 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.janeresture.com/tuvalumaps/nui.htm Map of Nui]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20020620192006/http://www.tuvaluislands.com/history.htm "A Brief History of Tuvalu"]}} containing discussion of history of Nui

{{Islands of Tuvalu}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Nui (atoll)| ]]
[[Category:Atolls of Tuvalu]]