Editing Observer effect

'''Observer effect''', '''observer bias''', '''observation effect''', or '''observation bias''' may refer to a number of concepts, some of them closely related:
{{TOC right}}
== General experimental biases ==
* [[Hawthorne effect]], a form of reactivity in which subjects modify an aspect of their behavior, in response to their knowing that they are being studied
* [[Observer-expectancy effect]], a form of reactivity in which a researcher's cognitive bias causes them to unconsciously influence the participants of an experiment
* [[Observer bias]], a detection bias in research studies resulting for example from an observer's cognitive biases
* [[Observer's paradox]], a situation in which the phenomenon being observed is unwittingly influenced by the presence of the observer.

== Physics ==
* [[Observer effect (physics)]], the impact of observing a physical system
* [[Probe effect]], the effect on a physical system of adding measurement devices, such as the probes of electronic test equipment

== Computing ==
* [[Heisenbug]] of computer programming, in which a software bug seems to disappear or alter its behavior when one attempts to study it
* [[Observer effect (information technology)]], the impact of observing a process while it is running

== Other uses ==
* [[Observer Effect (Star Trek: Enterprise)|"Observer Effect" (''Star Trek: Enterprise'')]], an episode of ''Star Trek: Enterprise'', named after the effect in physics

== See also ==
* [[Bystander effect]], the social psychological theory that states that individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim in the presence of other people
* [[Actor–observer asymmetry]], a bias one makes when forming attributions about the behavior of others or themselves
* [[Demonstration effect]], an effect on the behavior of an individual caused by observation of the actions of others and their consequences 
* [[Personal equation]], the idea that different observers have different reaction times, which can introduce bias when it comes to measurements and observations
* [[Placebo#Effects|Placebo]] and [[Nocebo#Effects|nocebo effects]], positive and negative effects autosuggested by a patient under an inert substance or treatment
* [[Schrödinger's cat]], a thought experiment that illustrates a paradox of quantum superposition, devised by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger
* [[Uncertainty principle]], any of a variety of mathematical inequalities in quantum mechanics, introduced by German physicist Werner Heisenberg

{{Disambiguation}}