Editing Olea

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{About|genus of plant|the genus of gastropods|Olea (gastropod)|people with the given name or surname|Olea (name)}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Olive-tree-fruit-august-0.jpg
|image_caption = ''Olea europaea'' (Olive), [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]
|display_parents = 2
|taxon = Olea
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] (1753)<ref name=grin1>&nbsp;{{ cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?8414 |title=''Olea'' information from NPGS/GRIN |author=GRIN |work=Taxonomy for Plants |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]], [[Agricultural Research Service|ARS]], National Genetic Resources Program |location=National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, [[Beltsville, Maryland]] |date=April 4, 2006 |access-date=May 20, 2011 |author-link=Germplasm Resources Information Network |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629213300/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?8414 |archive-date=June 29, 2011 }}</ref>
|synonyms = 
*''Enaimon'' <small>Raf. (1838)</small>
*''Leuranthus'' <small>Knobl. (1934)</small>
*''Steganthus'' <small>Knobl. (1934)</small>
*''Stereoderma'' <small>Blume (1828)</small>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328104-2 ''Olea'' L.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 28 November 2023.</ref>
}}

'''''Olea''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|oʊ|l|i|ə}} {{respell|OH|lee|ə}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Sunset Western Garden Book|year=1995|pages=606–607}}</ref>) is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Oleaceae]]. It includes 12 species native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Middle East, southern [[Europe]], [[Africa]], southern [[Asia]], and [[Australasia]].<ref name = powo/> They are [[evergreen]] [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s, with small, opposite, entire [[leaf|leaves]]. The [[fruit]] is a [[drupe]]. Leaves of ''Olea'' contain [[trichosclereid]]s.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=122774 Flora of China v 15 p 295, <big>木犀榄属</big> mu xi lan shu, ''Olea'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 7. 1753. ]</ref>

For humans, the most important and familiar species is by far the [[olive]] (''Olea europaea''), native to the [[Mediterranean]] region, Africa, southwest Asia, and the Himalayas,<ref>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=355112 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, ''Olea europaea'' L.]</ref><ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=olea+europaea Altevista Flora Italiana, Oleastro, ''Olea europaea'' L. ]</ref> which is the [[type species]] of the genus. The [[Olea paniculata|native olive]] (''O. paniculata'') is a larger tree, attaining a height of 15–18 m in the forests of [[Queensland]], and yielding a hard and tough [[timber]]. The yet harder wood of the [[Olea capensis|black ironwood]] ''O. capensis'', an inhabitant of [[KwaZulu-Natal Province|Natal]], is important in South Africa.{{citation needed|date=February 2022}}

''Olea'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[double-striped pug]]. {{citation needed|date=February 2022}}

==Species==
12 species are currently accepted:<ref name = powo/>
# ''[[Olea capensis]]'' <small>L.</small> – Small Ironwood – Comoros, Madagascar; Africa from South Africa north to Ethiopia, Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, Ivory Coast, etc.
# ''[[Olea capitellata]]'' <small>Ridl.</small> – Pahang
# ''[[Olea chimanimani]]'' <small>Kupicha</small> – [[Chimanimani Mountains]] of Mozambique and Zimbabwe
# ''[[Olea europaea]]'' <small>L.</small> – Olive – Mediterranean, Africa, southwestern Asia, Himalayas; naturalized many other places
# ''[[Olea exasperata]]'' <small>Jacq.</small> – South Africa
# ''[[Olea lancea]]'' <small>Lam.</small> – Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues Island
# ''[[Olea luzonica]]'' <small>Kiew </small> – Philippines (Luzon)
# ''[[Olea paniculata]]'' <small>R.Br.</small> – Yunnan, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Kashmir, Malaysia, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Australia, New Caledonia, Vanuatu
# ''[[Olea puberula ]]'' <small>Ridl.</small> – Peninsular Malaysia
# ''[[Olea schliebenii]]'' <small>Knobl.</small> – Tanzania 
# ''[[Olea welwitschii]]'' <small>(Knobl.) Gilg & G.Schellenb.</small> – central and eastern Africa from Ethiopia to Zimbabwe
# ''[[Olea woodiana]]'' <small>Knobl.</small> – South Africa, Eswatini, Kenya, Tanzania
 
===Formerly placed here===
*''[[Chionanthus foveolatus]]'' <small>(E.Mey.) Stearn</small> (as ''O. foveolata'' <small>E.Mey.</small>)
*[[Ligustrum compactum|''Ligustrum compactum'' var. ''compactum'']] (as ''O. compacta'' <small>Wall. ex G.Don</small>)
*''[[Nestegis cunninghamii]]'' <small>(Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson</small> (as ''O. cunninghamii'' <small>Hook.f.</small>)
*''[[Noronhia emarginata]]'' <small>(Lam.) Thouars</small> (as ''O. emarginata'' <small>Lam.</small>)
*''[[Osmanthus americanus]]'' <small>(L.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex A.Gray</small> (as ''O. americana'' <small>L.</small>)
*''[[Osmanthus heterophyllus]]'' <small>(G. Don) P.S.Green</small> (as ''O. aquifolium'' <small>Siebold & Zucc.</small> or ''O. ilicifolia'' <small>Siebold ex Hassk.</small>)
* ''[[Tetrapilus borneensis]]'' {{small|(Boerl.) de Juana}} (as ''Olea borneensis'' <small>Boerl.</small>)
* ''[[Tetrapilus brachiatus]]'' {{small|Lour.}} (as ''Olea brachiata'' <small>(Lour.) Merr.</small>)
* ''[[Tetrapilus rubrovenius]]'' {{small|(Elmer) L.A.S.Johnson}} (as ''Olea rubrovenia'' <small>(Elmer) Kiew</small>)
* ''[[Tetrapilus tsoongii]]'' {{small|(Merr.) de Juana}} (as ''Olea tsoongii'' <small>(Merr.) P.S.Green</small> and ''Olea yuennanensis'' <small>Hand.-Mazz.</small>)

: List source :<ref name=grin2>{{ cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?8414 |title=Species in GRIN for genus ''Olea'' |author=GRIN |work=Taxonomy for Plants |publisher=USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program |location=National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland |access-date=May 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124109/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?8414 |archive-date=September 24, 2015 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:Olea| ]]
[[Category:Oleaceae genera]]
[[Category:Lamiales of Asia]]