Editing Olomouc Region

{{Short description|Region of the Czech Republic}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name               = Olomouc Region
| native_name        = Olomoucký kraj
| native_name_lang   = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| settlement_type    = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| image_skyline      = Olomouc-Horní náměstí.JPG
| image_caption      = Olomouc
| image_flag         = Flag of Olomouc Region.svg
| flag_size          = 
| image_shield       = Olomouc Region CoA CZ.svg
| shield_size        = 
| image_map          = Olomoucký kraj in Czech Republic.svg
| mapsize            = 
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = 
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = [[Czech Republic]]
| seat_type          = Capital
| seat               = [[Olomouc]]
| parts_type         = Districts
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = [[Jeseník District]]
| p2                 = [[Olomouc District]]
| p3                 = [[Přerov District]]
| p4                 = [[Prostějov District]]
| p5                 = [[Šumperk District]]
| leader_title       = Governor
| leader_party       = [[ANO (political party)|ANO]]
| leader_name        = Ladislav Okleštěk
| area_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2     = 5266.57
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_max_m    = 1492
| elevation_min_m    = 
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of cohesion regions, regions and districts of the Czech Republic, 1 January 2024|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/218418152/1300722401.pdf/61fe01a6-d309-4e44-be63-b30c279fd184?version=1.0|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|access-date=2024-05-17}}</ref>
| population_total   = 632864
| population_as_of   = 2024-01-01
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref>https://www.czso.cz/csu/xb/regionalni_hdp

Language - Czech, Access date - 01/30/2021</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = CZK 288.366 billion<br/>(€11.168 billion)
| iso_code           = CZ-71
| registration_plate = M
| website            = [http://www.kr-olomoucky.cz/ www.kr-olomoucky.cz]
}}

'''Olomouc Region''' ({{langx|cs|Olomoucký kraj}}; {{Langx|de|Olmützer Region}}, {{IPA|de|ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn|pron|}}; {{langx|pl|Kraj ołomuniecki}}) is an administrative unit ({{langx|cs|kraj}}) of the [[Czech Republic]], located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of [[Moravia]] (''Morava'') and in a small part of the historical region of [[Czech Silesia]] (''České Slezsko''). It is named for its capital [[Olomouc]].

Olomouc region borders with the [[Moravian-Silesian Region]] (in the east), [[Zlín Region]] (in the south-east), [[South Moravian Region]] (in the south-west) and [[Pardubice Region]] (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104&nbsp;km long border with Poland (in the north).

==Administrative divisions==
The Olomouc Region is divided into 5 districts:
{{overlay
| image        = Olomouc_districts.png
| height       = 350
| float        = left
| legend1title = '''Districts of Olomouc Region'''
| legend1start = 1
| legend1end   = 6
| overlay1form = color
| overlay1     = [[Jeseník District|Jeseník]]
| overlay1colour = #FFA1A1
| overlay2form = color
| overlay2     = [[Olomouc District|Olomouc]]
| overlay2colour = #FFFF91
| overlay3form = color
| overlay3     = [[Přerov District|Přerov]]
| overlay3colour = #FF9570
| overlay4form = color
| overlay4     = [[Prostějov District|Prostějov]]
| overlay4colour = #70A1FF
| overlay5form = color
| overlay5     = [[Šumperk District|Šumperk]]
| overlay5colour = #FF81C2
}}
{{clear}}
On the territory of the region there are 13 administrative districts of municipalities with extended powers and 20 administrative districts of municipalities with authorized local authority.

==Population==
[[Image:Skanzen Rymice - Domkarska usedlost Symerskych.JPG|thumb|150px| Example of vernacular architecture of Hanakia]]

In January 2024 the population of the Olomouc Region totalled 632,864 inhabitants. As of 2019, 50.3% of region's population lived in municipalities with more than 4,000. Out of 402 municipalities located in the region (including one military area), 30 had a status of town. Region's capital [[Olomouc]] is with approximately 100 thousand inhabitants the largest city. With 120.1 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup> the region was close to the national average of 135 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>. There were, of course, differences within the region: the lowest population density was in the [[Jeseník District]].
In the long term, the population of the region has been aging. The average age of population in 2019 is 42.8, which is the 4th highest among regions in the Czech Republic.<ref name=csu>{{cite web |title=Population of territorial units of the Czech republic|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/91917344/1300721901.pdf/31ed5e58-ade2-4884-89b8-2d3c362d5b66?version=1.0|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref>

===Cities and towns===
The table below provides the list of region's most populous cities and towns as of 1 January 2024:<ref>{{cite web |title=Population of municipalities of the Czech Republic, 1 January 2024 |url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/218418152/1300722403.pdf/c743e22f-17db-485a-b56b-932e6339b533?version=1.0 |access-date=2024-05-17 |publisher=Czech Statistical Office}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name
! Population
! Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
! [[Regions of the Czech Republic|District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Olomouc.svg|25px]] [[Olomouc]] || 102,293 || 103 || [[Olomouc District]]
|-
| [[File:Prostejov prapor.png|25px]] [[Prostějov]] || 43,563 || 39 || [[Prostějov District]]
|-
| [[File:Prerov.jpg|25px]] [[Přerov]] || 41,661 || 59 || [[Přerov District]]
|-
| [[File:Sumperk CZ flag.gif|25px]] [[Šumperk]] || 24,969 || 28 || [[Šumperk District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Hranice (okres Přerov).svg|25px]] [[Hranice (Přerov District)|Hranice]] || 18,024 || 50 || [[Přerov District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Zábřeh.svg|25px]] [[Zábřeh]] || 13,444 || 35 || [[Šumperk District]]
|-
| [[File:Sternberk CZ flag.svg|25px]] [[Šternberk]] || 13,264 || 49 || [[Olomouc District]]
|-
| [[File:Unicov flag.gif|25px]] [[Uničov]] || 11,151 || 48 || [[Olomouc District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Jesenik.svg|25px]] [[Jeseník]] || 10,619 || 38 || [[Jeseník District]]
|-
| [[File:Vlajka města Litovel.png|25px]] [[Litovel]] || 9,689 || 46 || [[Olomouc District]]
|-
| [[File:Mohelnice CZ flag.svg|25px]] [[Mohelnice]] || 9,572 || 46 || [[Šumperk District]]
|-
| [[File:Lipník nad Bečvou flag CZ.svg|25x25px]] [[Lipník nad Bečvou]] || 7,961 || 31 || [[Přerov District]]
|-
|}

{{historical population
|align=none|cols=3
|1869|540670
|1880|583621
|1890|608458
|1900|632806
|1910|665500
|1921|660848
|1930|698075
|1950|565223
|1961|600425
|1970|615370
|1980|648403
|1991|647341
|2001|643823
|2011|628428
|2021|619788
|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/20537734/13008415okr.pdf/fdf98232-04d4-433e-b3b5-30dd411573c4?version=1.1|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt&pvo=SLD21001-KR&z=T&f=TABULKA&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-KR|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}}

==Geography==
[[Image:Praded letecky pohled 01.jpg|thumb|150px| Aerial view of [[Praděd]]]]
The total area of the region amounts to 5,267&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>, which is 6.7% of the entire area of the Czech Republic.
The northern part of the region is of mountainous nature. The [[Hrubý Jeseník|Jeseníky mountains]] are located here, including [[Praděd]], which is the highest point of the region (1,492 m above sea level). The southern part of the region consists of the Hanakian lowland. The lowest point of the region is situated on the water level of the [[Morava (river)|Morava River]] near to [[Kojetín]] in the [[Přerov District]] (190 m above sea level).
The [[Morava (river)|Morava river]] flows through the region and the majority of the region's territory belongs to Morava's [[drainage basin]]. A small northern part of the region belongs to the drainage basin of [[Oder|Odra River]], which flows to the [[Baltic Sea]].
The Olomouc Region offers a great variety of natural points of interest. [[Protected areas of the Czech Republic|Protected landscape area]] of the Jeseníky mountains offers a number of scenic places such as the largest Moravian peatbog Rejvíz and the 45m high Vysoký Waterfall. Another scenic place is [[Dlouhé stráně Hydro Power Plant|Dlouhé Stráně]] water reservoir situated on the top of a hill. Protected landscape area Litovelské Pomoraví offers floodplain forests with many endangered species of plants and animals. Finally, many caves can be found in the region: Javoříčko Caves ({{langx|cs|Javoříčské jeskyně}}), Mladeč Caves ({{langx|cs|Mladečské jeskyně}}) and Zbrašov aragonite caves ({{langx|cs|Zbrašovské jeskyně}}).<ref name="czso.cz">Characteristics of the Olomoucký Region, Available online at: http://www.czso.cz/csu/2010edicniplan.nsf/engt/F80031C6B4/$File/71101110chen.pdf</ref>

==Economy==
[[Image:Olomoucké tvarůžky (3).jpg|thumb|150px|Olomoucké syrečky, a ripened soft cheese made in [[Loštice]]]]
The region's economy focuses on traditional agriculture, processing industry and
services. Conditions for further development of the region are its attractive location, transport accessibility, developed infrastructure, enough qualified labour force and entry of foreign investors. 
In 2011, the total economically active population of the Olomouc Region was 307.2 thousand people, of which 283.9 thousand were employed and 23.3 thousand unemployed. The unemployment rate in 12/2022 was 3,6%. 
The Olomouc Region is an industrial area with developed services. The economy of the
[[Haná|Hanakian]] districts is more stable and diverse than the economy of the Jeseník District and northern part of the Šumperk District. The latter two districts belong to economically weaker regions due to their position, transport accessibility and disturbance of social and economic life after the [[World War II|Second World War]] ([[Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia|displacement of German population]]).
The gross domestic product of the Olomouc Region amounted to 4.7% of the nation GDP in 2021. The GDP per capita of the region reaches 79.4% of the national average. The average monthly wage of employees in the region reached 36,481 CZK (EUR 1520) in 3Q/2022.
Significant sectors of the region's economy are agriculture, food industry, textile and clothing industry, manufacture of machinery, optics and optical equipment.
In 2011, there were 138,970 businesses, organisations and entrepreneurs based in the region. Most of them were private entrepreneurs registered according to the trade law (76.6%) and business companies (8.4%). 157 industrial enterprises had 100 or more employees, employing in total 41,222 employees.

===Agriculture===
The share of [[arable land]] was 39.4% in 2011 but was showing a decreasing trend over past years while the share of non-agricultural land has been increasing and reached 46.9% in 2011.
Southern and central parts of the region belong to areas with the most fertile land. Crop yields ([[barley]], [[wheat]], rape and industrial sugar beet) reach the highest amounts of the entire country.

===Transport===
Transport accessibility of the region is provided by 3,582&nbsp;km of roads, of which only 12.3% are first class roads. The motorways with two lanes connect [[Olomouc]] with [[Brno]] (I/46), [[Ostrava]] (I/35 followed by [[D1 motorway (Czech Republic)|D1]]) and the [[Pardubice Region]] (I/35). Once finished, the [[D1 motorway (Czech Republic)|d1 motorway]] will connect [[Brno]] with [[Ostrava]] and will cross the southern part of Olomouc Region.
There is 601&nbsp;km of railways in the region. Important rail junctions are in [[Olomouc]] and [[Přerov]]. The railway network is spread equally all over the Region´s territory. Road network is denser in the southern flat part of the Region.
Near to the city of Olomouc there is an airport for small airliners, which obtained status of an international airport.

===Tourism===
The Olomouc Region belongs to regions with the smallest number of accommodation establishments. In 2009 there were 338 collective accommodation establishments. These were placed primarily in the [[Jeseník District]] and the [[Šumperk District]] that are most visited by tourists.<ref name="czso.cz"/>

==Quality of life==
In 2011, 14,347 crimes were committed in the region, of which 6,744 (47%) were solved.
Compared to other regions of the Czech Republic, the environment of Olomouc Region can be marked as relatively less damaged. The values of specific emissions do not reach the average national values. Mountain areas and foothills have excellent air quality and are important sources of drinking water.

===Health care===
In 2011 the region counted 9 hospitals, 16 specialized therapeutic institutions and other health establishments by 2,897 physicians and 6,466 paramedical workers. Health care is provided also in many spa establishments that are placed all over the region. Well known spas are in [[Jeseník]], [[Velké Losiny]], [[Teplice nad Bečvou]], [[Slatinice]], [[Skalka (Prostějov District)|Skalka]], etc.

===Education===
In 2011, the network of school establishments consists of 367 nursery schools, 369 basic schools, 20 grammar schools, 81 programmes vocational training and 8 higher schools. The second oldest university in the Czech Republic, the [[Palacký University, Olomouc|Palacký University]] ({{langx|cs|Univerzita Palackého}}), is situated in Olomouc. It is attended by over 23,000 students.<ref name="czso.cz"/>

==Places of interest==
[[File:Hanacky kroj zeny 1.jpg|thumb|150px| National costume of Hanakia]]
* [[Bouzov Castle]];
* [[Haná|Hanakian region]] ({{langx|cs| Haná}}) with its folkways, folklore shows and festivals that are organised in [[Náměšť na Hané|Náměšť]], [[Prostějov]], [[Kojetín]], etc.
* [[Helfštýn]] castle;
* [[Jánský vrch]] château;
* Náměšť na Hané château;
* [[Olomouc]] with a large urban conservation area preserving a large set of buildings that are important for their historical, architectonic or artistic value;
* Sovinec castle;
* Svatý Kopeček with its well-known Pilgrimage Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary
* Šternberk castle;
* Tovačov château;
* Úsov château; 
* Velké Losiny château, historic paper factory, spa; 
* For winter sports many downhill courses and pistes are prepared in the [[Jeseníky mountains]] in areas of [[Červenohorské sedlo]], [[Kouty nad Desnou]], [[Petříkov (Ostružná)|Petříkov]], [[Ostružná]], [[Ramzová]] and many others.

==International relations==
Olomouc Region cooperates with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Mezinárodní kontakty|url=https://www.kr-olomoucky.cz/mezinarodni-kontakty-cl-9.html|publisher=Olomoucký kraj|language=cs|access-date=2019-08-21}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Baranya County]], Hungary
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Fujian]], China
*{{flagicon|AZE}} [[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganja]], Azerbaijan
*{{flagicon|USA}} [https://www.gradd.com/ Green River Area], United States
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kostroma Oblast]], Russia
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Opole Voivodeship]], Poland
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Province of Reggio Emilia]], Italy
*{{flagicon|SRB}} [[Vojvodina]], Serbia
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Würzburg (district)|Würzburg District]], Germany
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Yunnan]], China
{{div col end}}

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Bouzov, hrad (03).jpg|[[Bouzov Castle]]
File:Mamutik.JPG|[[Čekyňský kopec]], statue of a mammoth
File:Dlouhe strane horni nadrz.jpg|[[Dlouhé stráně Hydro Power Plant]]
File:Příkazy, č.p. 26.jpg|[[Haná|Hanakian]] vernacular architecture in [[Příkazy]]
File:Helfst03.JPG|[[Helfštýn]] castle
File:Zamek biskupi w Javorniku.jpg|[[Jánský vrch]] château
File:Jesenik.jpg|A view at [[Jeseník]] from Červenohorské sedlo
File:Obecní úřad, Kostelec na Hané, okres Prostějov.jpg|[[Kostelec na Hané]], town hall
File:Litovel - Square of Přemysl Otakar II.jpg|[[Litovel]]
File:Olomouc letecky 2.jpg|City center of [[Olomouc]]
File:Olomoucky Orloj.jpg|Astronomical clock at town hall in [[Olomouc]]
File:PetrovyPraded.jpg|Petrovy kameny and [[Praděd]]
File:Divadlo (Prostějov- czech republic).jpg|National House in [[Prostějov]]
File:Přerov, Horní náměstí.jpg|[[Přerov]]
File:Ramzova.JPG|[[Ramzová]]
File:StareMesto.jpg|[[Staré Město pod Sněžníkem|Staré Město]]
File:Sternberk hrad 1.jpg|[[Šternberk]] castle
File:Šumperk, Hlavní třída.JPG|[[Šumperk]]
File:Čechy pod Kosířem-výhled z Velkého Kosíře2.jpg|A view from Velký Kosíř mountain
File:Zlatorudne mlyny.jpg|Mills in [[Zlaté Hory]]
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website|http://www.kr-olomoucky.cz/ }} {{in lang|cs}}
* {{Official Facebook page|olomouckykr}} {{in lang|cs}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041230095628/http://www.czech.cz/index.php?section=1&menu=5&action=text&id=154 Region statistics]

{{-}}
{{Regions of the Czech Republic}}
{{Silesia topics}}

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[[Category:Olomouc Region| ]]
[[Category:Regions of the Czech Republic]]