Editing Outline of neuroscience

{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to neuroscience}}
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The following [[Outline (list)|outline]] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to neuroscience:

'''[[Neuroscience]]''' is the scientific study of the [[neuroanatomy|structure]] and [[neurophysiology|function]] of the nervous system.<ref>{{cite web|title=Neuroscience|work=Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/neuroscience}}</ref><ref name="Psych today">{{Cite web|url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/neuroscience|title=Neuroscience {{!}} Psychology Today Canada|website=Psychology Today|language=en-CA|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref> It encompasses the branch of biology<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dictionary.com/browse/neurobiology|title=the definition of neurobiology|website=Dictionary.com|access-date=2017-06-21}}</ref> that deals with the [[anatomy]], [[biochemistry]], [[molecular biology]], and [[physiology]] of [[neuron]]s and [[Biological neural network|neural circuits]]. It also encompasses cognition, and human behavior.<ref name="Psych today" /> Neuroscience has multiple concepts that each relate to learning abilities and memory functions. Additionally, the brain is able to transmit signals that cause conscious/unconscious behaviors that are responses verbal or non-verbal. This allows people to communicate with one another.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neuroscience Core Concepts |url=https://www.brainfacts.org:443/core-concepts. |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=www.brainfacts.org |language=en}}</ref>

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==Branches of neuroscience==

===Neurophysiology===
[[Neurophysiology]] is the study of the function (as opposed to structure) of the [[Outline of neuroscience#Nervous system|nervous system]].

* [[Outline of brain mapping|Brain mapping]]
* [[Electrophysiology]]
* [[Electrophysiology#Extracellular recording|Extracellular recording]]
* [[Intracellular recording]]
* [[Brain stimulation (disambiguation)|Brain stimulation]]
* [[Electroencephalography]]
** [[Intermittent rhythmic delta activity]]
* [[:Category: Neurophysiology]]
* [[:Category: Neuroendocrinology]]
* [[:Neuroendocrinology]]

===Neuroanatomy===
[[Neuroanatomy]] is the study of the anatomy of nervous tissue and neural structures of the nervous system.

* [[Immunostaining]]
* [[:Category: Neuroanatomy]]

===Neuropharmacology===
[[Neuropharmacology]] is the study of how drugs affect cellular function in the nervous system.

* [[Drug]]
* [[Psychoactive drug]]
* [[Anaesthetic]]
* [[Narcotic]]

===Behavioral neuroscience===
[[Behavioral neuroscience]], also known as biological psychology, biopsychology, or psychobiology, is the application of the principles of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior in human and non-human animals.

* [[Neuroethology]]

===Developmental neuroscience===
[[Developmental neuroscience]] aims to describe the cellular basis of brain development and to address the underlying mechanisms. The field draws on both neuroscience and [[developmental biology]] to provide insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which complex nervous systems develop.

* [[Human brain development timeline]] 
* [[Development of the nervous system in humans]] 
* [[Prenatal development#Cognitive development|Prenatal development - Cognitive development]]
* [[Aging and memory]]

(''see also [[Child development#Mechanisms|Child development - Mechanisms]]'')

===Cognitive neuroscience===
[[Cognitive neuroscience]] is concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a focus on the neural substrates of mental processes.

* [[Neurolinguistics]]
* [[Neuroimaging]]
* [[Functional magnetic resonance imaging]]
* [[Positron emission tomography]]
{{Further|Repetitive visual stimulus}}

===Systems neuroscience===
[[Systems neuroscience]] is a subdiscipline of neuroscience which studies the function of neural circuits and systems. It is an umbrella term, encompassing a number of areas of study concerned with how nerve cells behave when connected together to form neural networks.

* [[Neural circuit]]
* [[Neural network (biology)]]
* [[Neural oscillation]]

===Molecular neuroscience===
[[Molecular neuroscience]] is a branch of neuroscience that examines the biology of the nervous system with molecular biology, molecular genetics, protein chemistry and related methodologies (''ie. concerning [[neurotransmitters]] moving via physiology of [[synapses]] etc'')

* [[Neurochemistry]] 
* [[Nutritional neuroscience]]
* [[Neuropeptide]]

[ also see [[Outline of neuroscience#Neuropharmacology|Neuropharmacology]] above]

===Computational neuroscience===
[[Computational neuroscience]] includes both the study of the information processing functions of the nervous system, and the use of digital computers to study the nervous system. It is an interdisciplinary science that links the diverse fields of neuroscience, cognitive science and psychology, electrical engineering, computer science, physics and mathematics.

* [[Neural network]]
* [[Neuroinformatics|Neuroinformatic]]
* [[Neuroengineering]]
* [[Brain–computer interface]]
* [[Mathematical neuroscience]]

===Neurophilosophy===
[[Neurophilosophy]] or "philosophy of neuroscience" is the interdisciplinary study of neuroscience and philosophy. Work in this field is often separated into two distinct approaches. The first approach attempts to solve problems in philosophy of mind with empirical information from the neurosciences. The second approach attempts to clarify neuroscientific results using the conceptual rigor and methods of philosophy of science.

* [[Philosophy of mind]]
* [[Neuroethics]]
* [[Neuroscience of free will]]

===Neurology===
[[Neurology]] is the medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system. It deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of disease involving the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems.

* [[Stroke]]
* [[Parkinson's disease]]
* [[Alzheimer's disease]]
* [[Huntington's disease]]
* [[Multiple sclerosis]]
* [[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]]
* [[Rabies]]
* [[Schizophrenia]]
* [[Epilepsy]]
* [[Hydrocephalus]]
** [[Brain damage]]
* [[Traumatic brain injury]]
* [[Closed head injury]]
* [[Coma]]
* [[Paralysis]]
* [[Level of consciousness]]
* [[Neurosurgery]]

===Neuropsychology===
[[Neuropsychology]] studies the structure and function of the brain related to psychological processes and behaviors. The term is used most frequently with reference to studies of the effects of brain damage in humans and animals.

* [[Agraphia]]
* [[Agnosia]]
* [[Alexia (acquired dyslexia)|Alexia]]
* [[Amnesia]]
* [[Anosognosia]]
* [[Aphasia]] 
* [[Apraxia]]
* [[Dementia]]
* [[Dyslexia]]
* [[Hemispatial neglect]]
* [[Neurobiological effects of physical exercise]]

===Neuroevolution and neuroeconomics===

* [[Evolution of nervous systems]]
* [[Neuroevolution]]

== History of neuroscience ==
* [[History of neuroscience]]
* [[Neuron doctrine]]
* [[:Category: History of neuroscience]]

==Nervous system==

[[Outline of the human nervous system]]
* [[Action potential]]
* [[Acetylcholinesterase]]
* [[Central nervous system|Central nervous system (CNS)]]
** [[Brain]]
* [[Dendrite]]
* [[Glial cell]]s
* [[List of regions in the human brain]]
* [[Nervous system]]
* [[Neurite]]
* [[Neuron]]
* [[Neuroplasticity]]
** [[Synaptic plasticity]]
*** [[Long-term potentiation]]
* [[Neurotransmitter]]
** [[Acetylcholine]]
** [[Dopamine]]
* [[Synapse]]

== Neuroscience organizations ==
{{See also| Category:Neuroscience organizations}}

== Persons influential in the field of neuroscience ==
* [[List of neuroscientists]]
* [[:Category: Neuroscientists]]

==Related sciences==
* [[Genetics]]
* [[Neurochemistry]]
* [[Cognitive science]]
* [[Psychology]]
* [[Molecular biology]]
* [[Psychiatry]]
* [[Neurosurgery]]
* [[Linguistics]]
* [[Developmental biology]]
* [[Biotechnology]]
* [[Neurophilosophy]]

== See also ==

* [[v:Fundamentals of Neuroscience|Fundamentals of Neuroscience]] at [[v:|Wikiversity]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{sister project links|Neuroscience}}

* {{In Our Time|Neuroscience|b00fbd26|Neuroscience}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070125124755/http://www.neuinfo.org/ Neuroscience Information Framework (NIF)]
* [http://www.asneurochem.org American Society for Neurochemistry]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160214021422/http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/ Neuroscience Online (electronic neuroscience textbook)]
* [http://www.funfaculty.org/drupal/ Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience (FUN)]
* [http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/neurok.html Neuroscience for Kids]
* [https://www.researchgate.net/group/Neuroscience Neuroscience Discussion Group] in [[ResearchGate]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151114214619/http://neuroscienceforum.com/ Neuroscience Discussion Forum]
* [http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/neuroscience/lectures.html HHMI Neuroscience lecture series - ''Making Your Mind: Molecules, Motion, and Memory'']

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