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Pakse
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{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->| name = Pakse | native_name = {{lower|0.2em|{{nobold|ປາກເຊ}}}} | native_name_lang = lo | settlement_type = [[Districts of Laos|District]] & [[List of cities in Laos|municipality]] | official_name = Pakse District | nickname = | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = Champasak Palace.jpg | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = Champasak Palace Hotel, Pakse, formerly the palace of Prince [[Boun Oum]] [[Na Champassak]] | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Laos<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Laos <!-- Location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Laos}} | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = [[Champasak province]] | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Pakse district | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2015 | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 77,900 | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = [[Buddhism]] | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = [[UTC+07:00|ICT]] | utc_offset = +7 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|15|07|N|105|47|E|region:LA|display=inline}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Pakse''' (or ''Pakxe''; [[French language|French]]: ''Paksé''; [[Laotian language|Laotian]]: ປາກເຊ {{IPA|lo|pȁːk séː|}} 'mouth of the river') is the capital and most populous city of the southern Laotian province of [[Champasak province|Champasak]]. Located at the confluence of the [[Xe Don River|Xe Don]] and [[Mekong River]]s, the district had a population of approximately 77,900 at the 2015 Laotian [[census]].<ref name="Census2015">{{cite web |url=https://lao.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/PHC-ENG-FNAL-WEB_0.pdf |title=Results of Population and Housing Census 2015 |publisher=Lao Statistics Bureau |access-date=19 February 2024}}</ref> ==History== The French established an administrative outpost in Pakse in 1905. The city was the capital of the Lao [[Kingdom of Champasak]] until 1946 when the [[Kingdom of Laos]] was formed. After the [[Franco-Thai war]] the French ceded [[Preah Vihear Province]], formerly belonging to the [[French protectorate of Cambodia]], and the part of Champasak Province located on the other side of the [[Mekong]] river from Pakse, which had been part of [[French Laos|Laos]], to [[Thailand]].<ref>Grabowsky, Volker. ''Regions and National Integration in Thailand 1892-1992''. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1995.</ref> ==Demographics== In 1943, 62% of the population of Pakse were Vietnamese.<ref name="MartinStuart-FoxA">Stuart-Fox, Martin (1997). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=8VvvevRkX-EC&pg=PA51 A History of Laos]''. Cambridge University Press, p. 51. {{ISBN|978-0-521-59746-3}}.</ref> Today, Pakse is a centre of the [[Laotian Chinese]] community, with a large number of businesses being owned by Laotians of Chinese ancestry.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Chinese capitalism in southeast Asia |date=2017 |publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg |isbn=978-981-10-4695-7 |location=New York, NY}}</ref> ==Religion== [[Image:Multiple_rows_of_golden_statues_of_the_Buddha_seated_with_flowers,_at_Wat_Phou_Salao,_Pakse,_Laos.jpg|thumb|left|Rows of golden [[Buddharupa|statues of the Buddha]] seated, with yellow and red flowers, at ''Wat Phou Salao'' (Golden Buddha [[Buddhist temple|temple]]), in Pakse.]] The population is predominantly Buddhist and the city has temples. These include: Wat Luang, which was built in 1935 and is the largest temple in Pakse, and the Chinese temple Wat Sopsé.<ref name="Temples in Pakse">{{cite web|title=Pakse Town|url=http://www.southern-laos.com/english/destinations/pakse-town.html|website=Southern Laos|publisher=Southern Laos|access-date=25 October 2017|ref=Temples in Pakse}}</ref> ==Infrastructure== ===Health=== There are 2 hospitals in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pakse.info/healthcare-in-pakse/ |access-date=May 20, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019081130/http://pakse.info/healthcare-in-pakse/|title=Healthcare in Pakse |archive-date=October 19, 2013 }}</ref> ===Transportation=== [[Pakse International Airport]] construction was completed on 2 November 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pakse; Information & Statistics, |url=http://travel-tourist-information-guide.com/laos-pakse|website=Travel-Tourist-Information-Guide.com|access-date=2014-12-08}}</ref> == Climate == {{climate chart |Pakxe |18.2|31.4|1.8 |20.8|32.9|16.3 |23.6|34.7|25.0 |25.2|35.0|75.2 |24.9|33.2|245.0 |24.6|31.2|323.6 |24.2|30.5|433.6 |24.2|30.2|467.5 |23.8|30.3|308.7 |22.7|30.8|115.9 |20.7|30.6|29.8 |18.6|30.1|2.0 |source=[http://www.worldweather.org/121/c00646.htm] |float=right }} Pakse has a [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw''). Temperatures are higher in the months before the monsoon season (March–April). There is a [[wet season]] (April–October) and [[dry season]] (November–March).<ref>{{Cite web |last=S.L |first=Tutiempo Network |title=Climate Pakse - Climate data (489550) |url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/ws-489550.html |access-date=2023-04-10 |website=www.tutiempo.net |language=en}}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Pakse (1991–2020) |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high C = 37.0 |Feb record high C = 38.8 |Mar record high C = 39.5 |Apr record high C = 41.1 |May record high C = 41.3 |Jun record high C = 38.3 |Jul record high C = 35.9 |Aug record high C = 35.0 |Sep record high C = 36.0 |Oct record high C = 36.7 |Nov record high C = 36.7 |Dec record high C = 36.6 |year record high C = 41.3 |Jan high C = 32.2 |Feb high C = 33.7 |Mar high C = 35.2 |Apr high C = 35.8 |May high C = 33.8 |Jun high C = 32.0 |Jul high C = 31.0 |Aug high C = 30.8 |Sep high C = 31.1 |Oct high C = 31.8 |Nov high C = 31.9 |Dec high C = 31.3 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 26.0 |Feb mean C = 27.8 |Mar mean C = 29.8 |Apr mean C = 30.6 |May mean C = 29.5 |Jun mean C = 28.4 |Jul mean C = 27.7 |Aug mean C = 27.5 |Sep mean C = 27.5 |Oct mean C = 27.4 |Nov mean C = 26.8 |Dec mean C = 25.6 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 19.2 |Feb low C = 21.3 |Mar low C = 24.3 |Apr low C = 25.8 |May low C = 25.5 |Jun low C = 25.1 |Jul low C = 24.6 |Aug low C = 24.5 |Sep low C = 24.2 |Oct low C = 23.2 |Nov low C = 21.5 |Dec low C = 19.5 |year low C = |Jan record low C = 7.8 |Feb record low C = 10.8 |Mar record low C = 10.1 |Apr record low C = 16.2 |May record low C = 20.3 |Jun record low C = 21.5 |Jul record low C = 21.4 |Aug record low C = 21.5 |Sep record low C = 19.8 |Oct record low C = 16.7 |Nov record low C = 12.4 |Dec record low C = 8.9 |year record low C = 7.8 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 4.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 8.0 |Mar precipitation mm = 24.9 |Apr precipitation mm = 60.3 |May precipitation mm = 203.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 290.7 |Jul precipitation mm = 422.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 444.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 367.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 114.8 |Nov precipitation mm = 24.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 5.5 |year precipitation mm = 1969.9 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 1 |Feb precipitation days = 1 |Mar precipitation days = 3 |Apr precipitation days = 6 |May precipitation days = 16 |Jun precipitation days = 20 |Jul precipitation days = 23 |Aug precipitation days = 24 |Sep precipitation days = 20 |Oct precipitation days = 11 |Nov precipitation days = 4 |Dec precipitation days = 1 |year precipitation days = 129 |Jan humidity = 62 |Feb humidity = 60 |Mar humidity = 59 |Apr humidity = 65 |May humidity = 75 |Jun humidity = 82 |Jul humidity = 83 |Aug humidity = 85 |Sep humidity = 84 |Oct humidity = 79 |Nov humidity = 72 |Dec humidity = 67 |year humidity = 72.8 |Jan sun = 258.6 |Feb sun = 232.2 |Mar sun = 235.3 |Apr sun = 227.2 |May sun = 201.7 |Jun sun = 149.7 |Jul sun = 133.0 |Aug sun = 127.4 |Sep sun = 138.3 |Oct sun = 198.7 |Nov sun = 227.8 |Dec sun = 248.3 |year sun = 2378.1 |source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210717012832/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Laos/XLS/Pakse.xls | archive-date = 17 July 2021 | url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Laos/XLS/Pakse.xls | title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization | access-date = 2 August 2023}}</ref> |source 2 = [[NOAA]] (humidity 1961–1990 and extremes),<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/LA/48955.TXT | title = Pakse Climate Normals 1961-1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201025121331/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/LA/48955.TXT | archive-date = 2020-10-25 | url-status = dead | access-date = January 11, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=global-summary-of-the-day&stations=48955099999&startDate=1700-01-01&endDate=2023-12-31&dataTypes=MAX,MIN,PRCP | title = Global Surface Summary of the Day - GSOD | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | accessdate = January 26, 2023 }}</ref> The Yearbook of Indochina (1932-1933, 1936-1937)<ref>[https://seadelt.net/Asset/Source/Document_ID-247_No-01.PDF The Yearbook of Indochina (1932-1933)] </ref><ref>[https://odyssee.univ-amu.fr/files/original/2/791/ANOM_A1017_Annuaire-stat-Indochine_Vol-7_1936-1937.pdf The Yearbook of Indochina (1936-1937)]</ref> |date=December 2014}} ==Tourism== {{Wikivoyage}}Visitors to Pakse's Champasak Province grew from 113,684 in 2006 to 493,180 in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=2013 Statistical Report on Tourism in Laos|url=http://tourismlaos.org/show.php?Cont_ID=43|website=Sabaidee Laos|publisher=Tourism Marketing Department, Lao PDR|access-date=2014-12-08}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} * {{commons category|Pakse}} {{Coord|15|07|N|105|47|E|display=title}} {{Portal|Laos}} {{Authority control}} {{Districts of South Laos}} [[Category:Laos–Thailand border crossings]] [[Category:Populated places in Champasak Province]] [[Category:Populated places on the Mekong River]] [[Category:Provincial capitals in Laos]]
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