Editing Pardubice Region

{{Short description|Region of the Czech Republic}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name               = Pardubice Region
| native_name        = Pardubický kraj
| native_name_lang   = cs
| settlement_type    = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| image_skyline      = Kunětická Hora from air M1 -2.jpg
| image_caption      = Kunětická hora from air
| image_flag         = Flag of Pardubice Region.svg
| flag_size          = 
| image_shield       = Pardubice Region CoA CZ.svg
| shield_size        = 
| image_map          = Pardubický kraj in Czech Republic.svg
| mapsize            = 
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|49.87|N|16.17|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[Czech Republic]]
| seat_type          = Capital
| seat               = [[Pardubice]]
| parts_type         = Districts
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = [[Pardubice District]]
| p2                 = [[Chrudim District]]
| p3                 = [[Svitavy District]]
| p4                 = [[Ústí nad Orlicí District]]
| leader_title       = Governor
| leader_name        = [[Martin Netolický]] ([[ČSSD]])
| area_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2     = 4518.63
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_max_m    = 1424
| elevation_min_m    = 
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of cohesion regions, regions and districts of the Czech Republic, 1 January 2024|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/218418152/1300722401.pdf/61fe01a6-d309-4e44-be63-b30c279fd184?version=1.0|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|access-date=2024-05-17}}</ref>
| population_total   = 530560
| population_as_of   = 2024-01-01
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref>https://www.czso.cz/csu/xb/regionalni_hdp

Language - Czech, Access date - 01/30/2021</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = CZK 237.131 billion<br/>(€9.248 billion)
| iso_code           = CZ-53
| registration_plate = E
| website            = [http://www.pardubickykraj.cz/ www.pardubickykraj.cz]
}}

'''Pardubice Region''' ({{langx|cs|Pardubický kraj}}) is an administrative unit ({{langx|cs|kraj}}) of the [[Czech Republic]], located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of [[Bohemia]], with a small part in northwestern [[Moravia]]. It is named after its capital [[Pardubice]]. As an administrative unit, Pardubice Region has existed three times in the course of history. It was established for the first time in 1850, and extended from [[Český Brod]] to the Bohemian-Moravian border. In its second existence, it was one of 19 regions as they were set between 1949 and 1960. After 1960, Pardubice became the capital of Pardubice district, which was part of the Eastern Bohemian Region (capital [[Hradec Králové]]). The Pardubice Region, as it is now, was reestablished in 2000.

==Administrative divisions==
The Pardubice Region is divided into 4 districts:
{{overlay
| image        = Pardubice_districts.png
| height       = 350
| columns      = 2
| float        = left
| legend1title = '''Districts of Pardubice Region'''
| legend1start = 1
| legend1end   = 6
| overlay1form = color
| overlay1     = [[Chrudim District|Chrudim]]
| overlay1colour = #FFA1A1
| overlay2form = color
| overlay2     = [[Pardubice District|Pardubice]]
| overlay2colour = #FFFF91
| overlay3form = color
| overlay3     = [[Svitavy District|Svitavy]]
| overlay3colour = #FF9570
| overlay4form = color
| overlay4     = [[Ústí nad Orlicí District|Ústí Nad Orlicí]]
| overlay4colour = #70A1FF
}}
{{clear}}
There are a total of 451 municipalities in the region (as of 2019).<ref name=csu>{{cite web |title=Population of municipalities of the Czech republic|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/91917344/1300721903.pdf/ea01e710-2ae5-49f3-8792-ebb384754346?version=1.0|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> Among these are 15 municipalities with extended powers and 26 municipalities with a delegated municipal office. Thirty-two of the municipalities are classified as towns. The regional central offices are in Pardubice.<ref>[http://www.pardubickykraj.cz/index.asp?thema=3219&category=& The Pardubice Region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709012153/http://www.pardubickykraj.cz/ |date=9 July 2007 }}, Official site, Retrieved 14 April 2011</ref>

==Population==
The total population of the Pardubice Region is about 530,000. 17 municipalities have a higher population than 5,000. The largest municipality of the region is [[Pardubice]] with a population of more than 90,000. The table below shows the municipalities in Pardubice Region with the largest population (as of 1 January 2024).<ref>{{cite web |title=Population of municipalities of the Czech Republic, 1 January 2024 |url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/218418152/1300722403.pdf/c743e22f-17db-485a-b56b-932e6339b533?version=1.0 |access-date=2024-05-17 |publisher=Czech Statistical Office}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name
! Population 
! Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
! [[District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Pardubice.svg|25px]] [[Pardubice]] || 92,362 || 78 || [[Pardubice District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Chrudim CZ.svg|25px]] [[Chrudim]] || 23,441 || 33 || [[Chrudim District]]
|-
| [[File:Svitavy CZ flag.svg|25px]] [[Svitavy]] || 16,108 || 31 || [[Svitavy District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Ceska Trebova CZ.svg|25px]] [[Česká Třebová]] || 15,119 || 41 || [[Ústí nad Orlicí District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Ústí nad Orlicí.svg|25px]] [[Ústí nad Orlicí]] || 14,098 || 36 || [[Ústí nad Orlicí District]]
|-
| [[File:Flag of Vysoke Myto.svg|25px]] [[Vysoké Mýto]] || 12,412 || 42 || [[Ústí nad Orlicí District]]
|-
| [[File:Litomyšl flag CZ.svg|25px]] [[Litomyšl]] || 10,493 || 33 || [[Svitavy District]]
|-
|[[File:Flag of Lanskroun CZ.svg|25px]] [[Lanškroun]]
|9,849
|21
|[[Ústí nad Orlicí District]]
|-
| [[File:Moravská Třebová flag CZ.svg|25px]] [[Moravská Třebová]]|| 9,715 || 42 || [[Svitavy District]]
|-
|}

Other significant towns in Pardubice Region are [[Hlinsko]], [[Přelouč]], [[Polička]], [[Choceň]], [[Holice]], [[Letohrad]] and [[Žamberk]].

{{historical population
|align=none|cols=3
|1869|486227
|1880|508728
|1890|518094
|1900|528830
|1910|551164
|1921|531909
|1930|544849
|1950|448382
|1961|483254
|1970|488766
|1980|512573
|1991|508718
|2001|508281
|2011|511627
|2021|510037
|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/20537734/13008415okr.pdf/fdf98232-04d4-433e-b3b5-30dd411573c4?version=1.1|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt&pvo=SLD21001-KR&z=T&f=TABULKA&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-KR|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}}

==Geography==
With a total size of 4,519&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>, Pardubice is the fifth smallest region in the Czech Republic. [[Králický Sněžník]] (1,424 m) is the highest point in the region. The lowest point (201 m) is situated on the water surface of the [[Elbe]] River near Kojice.

The southern and southeastern parts of the region are home to the hilly areas of [[Upper Svratka Highlands]] and [[Iron Mountains (Czech Republic)|Iron Mountains]]. The central and western parts of the region are formed by the [[Polabí]] lowlands. In the northeast, the region reaches the [[Orlické Mountains]] and [[Hrubý Jeseník]] range.

The [[European Watershed]] runs through the region, where it separates the basins of the [[North Sea]] and the [[Black Sea]]. The tripoint of the [[Danube]] (Black Sea), [[Elbe]] (North Sea) and [[Oder]] ([[Baltic Sea]]) watersheds is located at the peak of [[Králický Sněžník]]. The majority of the region belongs to the [[drainage basin]] of the Elbe, consisting of the rivers [[Chrudimka]], [[Divoká Orlice]], Doubrava, Loučná, [[Tichá Orlice]] and Třebovka. The rivers in the drainage basin of the Danube are the Morava, Moravská Sázava, Svitava and Třebůvka. The [[Seč Reservoir]] (220 ha) and the Pastviny Reservoir (92 ha) are among the larger water bodies in the region.

The most prevalent soil types in the region are [[podzol]] and [[cambisol]]. Forests cover 29.6% of the region and are predominantly [[coniferous]]. [[Deciduous]] forests occur around Pardubice.

==Climate==
Pardubice Region has a continental climate characterized by relatively hot summers and cold winters. The climate in Pardubice Region differs depending on location. The areas in the [[Polabí]] lowlands in the western part of the region are relatively warmer with annual mean temperatures reaching 8&nbsp;°C. On the other hand, the coldest areas are situated in the hilly northeastern part of the region, where the annual mean temperatures are around 4&nbsp;°C.

Precipitation is relatively lower in the central part of the region where the total annual values are around 700 – 800&nbsp;mm. In the areas with higher elevation (such as Žďárské Vrchy or the foothills of Orlické Hory) there is higher precipitation with annual values of 800 – 1,000&nbsp;mm.

{{clear}}
{{Weather box
|location = Pardubice Region (1961–1990)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan mean C = −3.1
|Feb mean C = −1.4
|Mar mean C = 2.2
|Apr mean C = 7.1
|May mean C = 12.2
|Jun mean C = 15.3
|Jul mean C = 16.6
|Aug mean C = 16.3
|Sep mean C = 12.7
|Oct mean C = 8.0
|Nov mean C = 2.5
|Dec mean C = -1.3
|year mean C = 7.2
|Jan precipitation mm = 47
|Feb precipitation mm = 40
|Mar precipitation mm = 42
|Apr precipitation mm = 46
|May precipitation mm = 77
|Jun precipitation mm = 87
|Jul precipitation mm = 82
|Aug precipitation mm = 84
|Sep precipitation mm = 56
|Oct precipitation mm = 45
|Nov precipitation mm = 52
|Dec precipitation mm = 54
|year precipitation mm = 711
|source 1 = [[Czech Hydrometeorological Institute]]<ref name=CHMI>{{cite web
 |url          = http://www.chmi.cz/portal/dt?portal_lang=cs&menu=JSPTabContainer/P4_Historicka_data&last=false
 |title        = Historická data – meteorologie a klimatologie
 |publisher    = Czech Hydrometeorological Institute
 |access-date   = 8 September 2013
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20131014073137/http://www.chmi.cz/portal/dt?portal_lang=cs&menu=JSPTabContainer%2FP4_Historicka_data&last=false
 |archive-date = 14 October 2013
 |url-status     = dead}}</ref>
}}

==Economy==
The [[gross domestic product]] (GDP) per capita of the region was 81.1% of the national average in 2011. Services form the largest part of the region's economy, forming 52.4% of GDP in 2011.  Other significant sectors are industry (36.9% of GDP) and construction (7.2% of GDP). The registered [[unemployment rate]] was 8.44% at the end of 2011. The highest unemployment rate was in [[Svitavy District]].

[[File:Paramo Pardubice 1.JPG|thumbnail|Industry in Pardubice]]
[[File:Foxconn Pardubice.JPG|thumbnail|Foxconn in Pardubice (formerly Tesla Pardubice)]]

* '''Industry'''
Industry and commercial public services are the basis of Pardubice's economy. General engineering, textiles, clothing, and leather processing are the strongest industrial branches. The chemical industry in Pardubice Region is larger than anywhere else in the Czech Republic.
* '''Transport'''
Road networks make up 3,597&nbsp;km that transverse throughout the region. Roads I/35 and I/37 (connecting to I/17 in Chrudim) are noted as the most important. A 9&nbsp;km section of the [[D11 motorway (Czech Republic)|D11 motorway]] connect the region to Prague. The two-lane [[R35 expressway (Czech Republic)|R35 expressway]] is planned to cross the region and connect it with Liberec, Germany and the Moravian network of highways and expressways.

There are 542&nbsp;km of railways in the region, connecting it to Prague, Brno, Liberec, Olomouc, Ostrava, and to Poland. The railway corridor of Berlin – Prague – Brno – Vienna crosses the region and in Pardubice it is connected to routes of national significance to Liberec and Havlíčkův Brod.<ref>[http://www.east-bohemia.info/transport/ East-Bohemia.info], Official tourist portal of the Pardubice region, Retrieved 8 December 2012</ref>

Pardubice has an [[Pardubice Airport|international airport]], operating for both public and military flights, which is listed in the category of the top 5 airports in the Czech Republic.
* '''Agriculture'''
Agriculture plays an important role in the region. The agricultural land covers about 60.2% of all land in the region, while the [[arable land]] occupies 43.8%. Forests cover 29.6% of the region.
* '''Tourism'''
Attractions from natural tourist spots (such as the Železné Hory and the Orlické Hory) to historical monuments, mostly medieval castles established since the 13th century, all encourage tourism to the region. The most significant historical monuments in the region are connected with the noble Pernštejn family from Moravia, who had two huge castles built, at [[Litice nad Orlicí]], and on Kunětická hora near Pardubice.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pardubickykraj.cz/index.asp?thema=3219&category=& |title=Pardubick? Kraj - ?vodn? Strana |access-date=8 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709012153/http://www.pardubickykraj.cz/ |archive-date=9 July 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2011 there were 365 facilities providing accommodation in the region for 324,000 visitors.

==Education and health care==
In 2011 there were:
* 309 kindergartens with 17,994 students
* 251 elementary schools with 41,184 students
* 21 secondary elementary schools (Czech: ''[[Gymnasium (school)|gymnázium]]'') with 6,305 students
* 55 high schools with 16,413 students
* 10 colleges (Czech: ''vyšší odborná škola'') with 1,135 students
* [[University of Pardubice]] with seven faculties and more than 10,000 students.
Furthermore, there were nine hospitals with a capacity of 2,584 patients. In total, there were 2,009 doctors in the region and the patient-per-doctor ratio was 257.

==Places of interest==
*National Breeding Stud at [[Kladruby nad Labem]]
*[[Králíky]] and [[Králický Sněžník]] National Nature Reserve
*[[Kunětická hora Castle]]
*[[Lanškroun Ponds Nature Park]]
*[[Letohrad]] and its Museum of Crafts
*[[Litomyšl]] with the Renaissance Chateau
*[[Nové Hrady (Ústí nad Orlicí District)|Nové Hrady]] Chateau
*[[Pardubice]] with the Pardubice Chateau and Grand Pardubice Steeplechase
*[[Svojanov Castle]]
*[[Veselý Kopec]], the largest collection of folk architecture in Bohemia
*Železné Hory National Geopark

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Chrudim - kostel Nanebevzetí Panny Marie.jpg|Chrudim
Kralicky-Sneznik-01.jpg|Kralický Sněžník
Kunětická Hora from air M1 -2.jpg|Kunětická hora Castle
Lanskroun-radnice1.jpg|Lanškroun Town Hall
Litomysl zamek od JZ DSCN0628.JPG|Litomyšl Chateau
Moravská Třebová-náměstí s radnicí.jpg|Moravská Třebová 
Zámek Nové Hrady.JPG|Nové Hrady Castle
Zamek Pardubice.jpg|Pardubice Castle
De- Policka, Mariensäule.jpg|Polička
Slatinany CZ castle from E 0298.jpg|Slatiňany Castle
VeselýKopec2008g.jpg|Veselý Kopec
Lichnice-leden.jpg|Iron Mountains
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Pardubice Region}}
*{{official|https://www.pardubickykraj.cz/}}
*{{official Facebook page|pardubickykraj1}}
*[https://www.east-bohemia.info/ Official tourist portal]

{{Regions of the Czech Republic}}
{{Geographic location
|North     = {{flag|Hradec Králové Region}}
|Northeast = {{flag|Lower Silesian Voivodeship}}, {{flag|Poland}}
|West      = {{flag|Central Bohemian Region}}
|Centre    = {{flag|Pardubice Region}}
|East      = {{flag|Olomouc Region}}
|South     = {{flag|Vysočina Region}}
|Southeast = {{flag|South Moravian Region}}}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Pardubice Region| ]]
[[Category:Regions of the Czech Republic]]