Editing Pascal Affi N'Guessan

{{Short description|Ivorian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}} 
{{Infobox officeholder
| image = Affi1 (cropped).jpg
| caption = <!--Pascal Affi N'Guessan-->
| order1              = <!--6th-->
| office             = 5th [[List of heads of government of Ivory Coast|Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast]]
| term_start         = 27 October 2000
| term_end           = 10 February 2003
| president          = [[Laurent Gbagbo]]
| predecessor        = [[Seydou Diarra]]
| successor          = [[Seydou Diarra]]
| order2             =  <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| office2            = [[Ivorian Popular Front|President of the Ivorian Popular Front]] <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| term_start2        = 22 July 2001<!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| term_end2          =  <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| alongside2         =  <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 = 
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1953|1|1|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Bouadikro, Lacs|Bouadikro]], [[Bongouanou]], [[Ivory Coast]]
| nationality = [[Ivory Coast|Ivorian]]
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children =
| residence = 
| alma_mater =
| religion = 
| party = [[Ivorian Popular Front]]
| occupation =
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}}

'''Pascal Affi N'Guessan''' (born 1 January 1953) is an [[Côte d'Ivoire|Ivorian]] politician who is the President of the [[Ivorian Popular Front]] (FPI).<ref name=FPI>[http://www.pascalaffi.org/Portrait/portrait.htm Profile at N'Guessan's website] {{in lang|fr}}.</ref> He was the [[List of heads of government of Ivory Coast|Prime Minister]] of the [[Ivory Coast]] from 27 October 2000 to 10 February 2003.

==Biography==
N'Guessan was born in [[Bouadikro, Lacs|Bouadikro]] in the sub-prefecture of [[Bongouanou]].<ref name=FPI/><ref name=Amb>[http://www.jeuneafrique.com/jeune_afrique/article_jeune_afrique.asp?art_cle=LIN16103lesamnasseu0 "Les ambitions de Pascal Affi N'Guessan"], ''Jeune Afrique'', 16 October 2001 {{in lang|fr}}.</ref> In 1986, he joined the FPI.<ref name=Ordre>Tidiane Dioh, [http://www.jeuneafrique.com/jeune_afrique/article_jeune_afrique.asp?art_cle=LIN31073lefpielliat0 "Le FPI en ordre de bataille"], ''Jeune Afrique'', 31 July 2001 {{in lang|fr}}.</ref> He was Mayor of Bongouanou from 1990 to 1996<ref name=FPI/><ref name="Amb"/> and Vice-President of the Union of Towns and Communes of Côte d'Ivoire (UVICOCI) from 1990 to 1995.<ref name=FPI/>

==Political career==
N'Guessan joined the Secretariat-General of the FPI in 1990, and in 1994 he became Deputy Secretary-General.<ref name=Ordre/> In January 2000, after a military coup in December 1999, he became Minister of Industry and Tourism under military leader [[Robert Gueï]],<ref name=FPI/><ref name=Amb/> serving in that position until October 2000.<ref name=FPI/> N'Guessan was the campaign director for FPI candidate [[Laurent Gbagbo]] in the [[2000 Ivorian presidential election|October 2000 presidential election]],<ref name=FPI/><ref name=Amb/> and after Gbagbo's victory he was appointed prime minister.<ref name=FPI/>

Gbagbo was constitutionally barred from being party leader after he became president, and at the FPI's Third Extraordinary Congress, held from 20 to 22 July 2001, N'Guessan was elected as President of the FPI, receiving 94.55% of the vote.<ref name=Ordre/> He was elected as a Vice-President of the [[Socialist International]] at its 22nd Congress, held from 27 to 29 October 2003 in [[São Paulo]], [[Brazil]].<ref>[http://www.socialistinternational.org/5Congress/XXII-SAOPAULO/electionscongressxxii.html Presidium of the Socialist International elected at its 22nd Congress] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807112017/http://www.socialistinternational.org/5Congress/XXII-SAOPAULO/electionscongressxxii.html |date=7 August 2007 }}.</ref>

Following the overthrow of the Gbagbo regime in April 2011 by forces loyal to Alassane Ouattara backed by French and UN forces, N'Guessan was arrested and held at a detention centre in Bouna, north-east Ivory Coast.

On 8 August 2015, N'Guessan was designated as the FPI's presidential candidate for the [[2015 Ivorian presidential election|October 2015 presidential election]]. He denounced the incarceration of Gbagbo by the [[International Criminal Court]] and political conditions under Ouattara: "Peace isn't only the silence of weapons. Can we say that Ivory Coast is in peace when President Gbagbo is in The Hague? With hundreds of political prisoners in jail, Ivory Coast is not in peace." Some hardliners in the FPI did not want to participate in elections as long as Gbagbo remained imprisoned, but others felt the party needed to remain engaged in the electoral process.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ivorycoast-election-idUSKCN0QD0QF20150808 "Gbagbo's FPI picks presidential hopeful after years of boycotts"], Reuters, 8 August 2015.</ref>

In the [[2016 Ivorian parliamentary election|December 2016 parliamentary election]], N'Guessan was elected to the National Assembly as an FPI candidate in [[Bongouanou Department]], receiving 59% of the vote.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20161221092419/https://www.cei-ci.org/pdf/EDAN2016-RESULTAT-NATIONAL.PDF "Élection des députés à l'Assemblée nationale. Scrutin du 18 décembre 2016. Résultat national"]}}, Independent Electoral Commission, page 21.</ref>

He was arrested during the night of 6 to 7 November, shortly after the [[2020 Ivorian presidential election]]. He was allegedly arrested for forming a rival government to that of President [[Alassane Ouattara]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/7/i-coast-opposition-leader-arrested-for-creating-rival-government |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107174233/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/7/i-coast-opposition-leader-arrested-for-creating-rival-government |title=Ivory Coast opposition leader arrested for rival government |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=7 November 2020 |archive-date=7 November 2020}}</ref>

In October 2021, N'Guessan announced his candidacy for the 2025 presidential election.<ref>[https://www.linfodrome.com/politique/71222-presidentielle-2025-pascal-affi-n-guessan-pret-a-affronter-laurent-gbagbo-son-ex-camarade "Présidentielle 2025: Pascal Affi N'guessan prêt à affronter Laurent Gbagbo son ex camarade"], Linfodrone, 18 October 2021.</ref>

In November 2024, Pascal Affi N'Guessan was re-elected as president of the Ivorian Popular Front with 99% of the vote..<ref>[https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20241110-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-pascal-affi-n-guessan-r%C3%A9%C3%A9lu-%C3%A0-la-t%C3%AAte-du-fpi-en-vue-de-la-pr%C3%A9sidentielle-2025 "Afrique
Côte d'Ivoire: Pascal Affi N'Guessan réélu à la tête du FPI en vue de la présidentielle 2025"], Radio France International, 10 November 2024.</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Pascal Affi N'Guessan}}
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{{succession box|title=[[Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire]]|years=2000-2003|before=[[Seydou Diarra]]|after=[[Seydou Diarra]]}}
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{{IvorianPMs}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:N'guessan, Pascal Affi}}
[[Category:1953 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Industry ministers of Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:Tourism ministers of Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:Mayors of places in Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:Heads of government of Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:Ivorian Popular Front politicians]]
[[Category:People from Lacs District]]
[[Category:Heads of government who were later imprisoned]]