Editing Pellucidar

{{short description|Fictional Hollow Earth invented by Edgar Rice Burroughs}}
{{About|a fictional landmass|the novel of the same name|Pellucidar (novel)|the album by John Zorn|Pellucidar: A Dreamers Fantabula}}
{{distinguish|Pellucida}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox book series
| name             = Pellucidar series
| image            = At the Earths Core 1922 Dusk Jacket.jpg
| image_caption    = 
| books            = {{plainlist|
* ''[[At the Earth's Core (novel)|At the Earth's Core]]'' (1914)
* ''[[Pellucidar (novel)|Pellucidar]]'' (1915)
* ''[[Tanar of Pellucidar]]'' (1929)
* ''[[Tarzan at the Earth's Core]]'' (1929)
* ''[[Back to the Stone Age]]'' (1937)
* ''[[Land of Terror]]'' (1944)
* ''[[Savage Pellucidar]]'' (1963)
}}
| author           = [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]]
| editors          = 
| title_orig       = 
| translator       = 
| illustrator      = 
| cover_artist     = 
| country          = United States
| genre            = [[Adventure fiction|Adventure novel]]
| publisher        = 
| pub_date         = 1914–1963
| english_pub_date = 
| media_type       = 
| number_of_books  = 7
| list_books       = 
| oclc             = 
| preceded by      = 
| followed by      = 
| website          = 
}}
{{Infobox fictional location
| name       = Pellucidar
| image      = pellucidar-map.gif
| imagesize  = 250px
| caption    = The original map of Pellucidar from the first edition of ''Pellucidar'' (1915).
| source     = [[At the Earth's Core (novel)|At the Earth's Core]]
| creator    = [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]]
| type       = [[Hollow Earth]]
| locations  = 
| races      = {{Unbulleted list | Ape-Men | Azarians | Brute-Men | Coripies | Ginaks | Gilacks | Gorbuses | Horbis | Jukans | Korsars | Mahars | Mammoth Men | Manats | Mezops | Sabretooth Men | Sagoths | Tandar | Xexots}}
| people     = {{Unbulleted list | [[David Innes]] | Abner Perry | Dian the Beautiful | Tanar | Jason Gridley | [[Tarzan]]}}
}}
'''Pellucidar''' is the [[Fictional country|fictional]] internal surface of a [[Hollow Earth]] invented by American writer [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]] for a series of action adventure stories.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Manguel |first1=Alberto |last2=Guadalupi |first2=Gianni |title=The Dictionary of Imaginary Places |date=1987 |publisher=Harcourt Brace Jovanovich |isbn=0-15-626054-9 |pages=295–297}}</ref> In a [[crossover (fiction)|crossover]] event, [[Tarzan]], who was also created by Burroughs, visits Pellucidar.

The stories initially involve the adventures of mining heir [[David Innes]] and his inventor friend Abner Perry after they use an "iron mole" to burrow 500 miles into the Earth's crust. Later protagonists include indigenous [[caveman]] Tanar and additional visitors from the surface world, notably Tarzan, Jason Gridley, and Frederich Wilhelm Eric von Mendeldorf und von Horst.<ref name="Pulpdom">''Pulpdom'', Nos. 64, 65, 66, 67, April, June, August, October, "Pellucidar Revisited" by Mike Taylor, published by Camille Cazedessus,</ref>

==Geography==
In Burroughs' concept, the Earth is a hollow shell with Pellucidar as the internal surface of its shell. Pellucidar is accessible to the surface world via a [[Polar regions of Earth|polar]] tunnel, allowing passage between both the inner and outer worlds<ref name="TOP">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1930). ''Tanar of Pellucidar''. New York: Metropolitan.</ref> through which a rigid [[airship]] visits in the fourth book of the series.<ref name="TATEC">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1930). ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''. New York: Metropolitan.</ref> Although the inner surface of the Earth has a smaller total area than the outer, Pellucidar actually has a greater land area, as its continents mirror the surface world's oceans and its oceans mirror the surface world's continents.

The peculiarities of Pellucidar's [[geography]] are caused by the concave curvature of its surface. There is no horizon; the further distant an object is, the higher it appears to be, until it is finally lost in a void of atmospheric haze.

Pellucidar is lit by a miniature [[sun]] suspended at the center of the hollow sphere, so it is perpetually overhead and gives a sensation of eternal noon wherever one is in Pellucidar. The sole exception is a region directly under a tiny geostationary [[moon]] of the internal sun. As a result, this region is under a perpetual [[eclipse]] and is known as the "Land of Awful Shadow". The moon has its own plant life and (presumably) [[animal]] life, and either has its own [[atmosphere]] or is simply suspended within Pellucidar's. The miniature sun does not change in brightness and never sets. As a result, with no night or seasonal progression, the natives have little concept of time. The events of the series suggest that time is elastic, passing at different rates in different areas of Pellucidar and varying even in single locations. Also, several characters living in Pellucidar who are originally from the outer world appear to age slowly and exhibit considerable longevity. This is known through their interactions with visitors from the outer world, where time passes at a fixed rate.

==Culture==
Pellucidar is populated by primitive civilizations and [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] creatures, including [[dinosaur]]s. The region in which Innes and Perry initially find themselves is ruled by the Mahars, a species of intelligent [[pterosaur]]s resembling ''[[Rhamphorhynchus]]'' with vast [[psychic]] powers. The Mahars use [[telekinesis]] on the neighboring tribes of [[Stone Age]] humans as a way of securing their territory.<ref name="ATEC">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1922). ''At the Earth's Core''. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., ''passim''.</ref> Eventually, two explorers united the tribes in overthrowing the Mahars' reign and establish a human "Empire of Pellucidar" instead.<ref name="PEL">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1923). ''Pellucidar''. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., ''passim''.</ref>

While the Mahars are the dominant species in the Pellucidar novels, these creatures are usually confined to their handful of cities. Before their downfall, the Mahars used Sagoths (a race of [[gorilla]]-men who speak the same language as Tarzan's [[Mangani]])<ref name="TATEC" /> in enforcing their rule over any tribes who disobeyed their orders.<ref name="ATEC" /><ref name="PEL" /> Though Burroughs' novels suggest that the Mahars' domain is limited to one relatively small region of Pellucidar, [[John Eric Holmes]]' authorized sequel ''[[Mahars of Pellucidar]]'' indicates there are other areas ruled by Mahars.

Beyond the Mahars' domain exist independent human cultures, many of them at a Stone Age level of development. Technically, more advanced exceptions include the Korsars (corsairs), a maritime raiding society descended from surface-world [[Barbary pirates]],<ref name="TOP" /> and the Xexots, an indigenous [[Bronze Age]] civilization.<ref name="SP">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1963). ''Savage Pellucidar''. New York: Canaveral Press.</ref> All of the human inhabitants in Pellucidar share a common worldwide language.

==Wildlife==
[[File:At the Earths Core 1922 Illustration.jpg|thumb|Painting of a "[[Pterodactylus|thipdar]]" for the cover of ''At the Earth's Core'' (1922), by [[J. Allen St. John]]]]
[[File:Dyryth--At_the_Earths_Core_1922_Illustration.jpg|thumb|Illustration of a "[[Megatherium|dyryth]]" from ''At the Earth's Core'' (1922), by [[J. Allen St. John]]]]

Various animals reside in Pellucidar. Many of Pellucidar's fauna consist of prehistoric creatures, which are extinct on the surface world. However, some animals are creations of Edgar Rice Burroughs himself. They are listed below by outer world name (if known), Pellucidarian name (if known), and the novel in which they first appear, along with any relevant comments.
* '''Ant Bear''' — An elephant-sized [[Orycteropodidae|orycteropodid]] (which the [[Aardvark]] is a part of) which preys on the Giant Ants. It has no outer world equivalent and its Pellucidarian name is unknown.
* '''[[Antelope]]s''' — Pellucidarian name unknown. One antelope species resembles a [[common eland]] with spiral horns curved to the back of their ears. It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Apatosaurus]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Archaeopteryx]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown. It first appeared in ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Archelon]]''' (''Tola'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Aurochs]]''' (''Thag'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''Aztarag''' — A sea creature which is nicknamed the "Tiger of the Sea". The Pellucidarian name for an unidentified outer world equivalent.
* '''[[Cave bear]]''' (''Ryth'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Cave hyena]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown. It first appeared in ''Pellucidar''.
* '''[[Panthera spelaea|Cave lion]]''' (''Ta-ho'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Deinotherium]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown. It first appeared in ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Dimetrodon]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Dimorphodon]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Diplodocus]]''' (''Lidi'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Dire wolf]]''' (''Codon'')
* '''Giant [[Ant]]s''' — No outer world equivalent. Pellucidarian name unknown. They are six feet long and are preyed upon by the Ant Bears.
* '''[[Goat]]s''' — They are domesticated by the Ape-Men. They first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Gomphotherium]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Hyaenodon]]''' (''Jalok'') — A dog-like carnivore which is not related to either [[hyena]]s or [[Wolf|wolves]]. They have been referred to as [[Wolfdog]]s and can be domesticated by the Ape-Men. In Pellucidar David domesticates two of them. It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''Hydrophidian''' — A giant [[sea snake]] that is designated by Burroughs. Neither the actual outer world or Pellucidarian equivalent are known. It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Hyracotherium]]''' (''Orthopi'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Ichthyosaurus]]''' (''Azdyryth'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Iguanodon]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Labyrinthodontia|Labyrinthodont]]''' (''Sithic'') — A giant carnivorous amphibian. It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Mastodon]]''' (''Maj'') — It first appeared in ''Tanar of Pellucidar''.
* '''[[Megacerops]]''' (identified by its synonym ''Brontotherium'') — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Megaloceros]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown. It first appeared in ''Pellucidar''.
* '''[[Megatherium]]''' (''Dyryth'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Pareiasaurus]]''' (''Gorobor'') — Giant [[lizard]]-like reptiles which serve as the Horibs' mode of transportation, as they are the fastest creatures in Pellucidar. They first appeared in ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Phorusrhacos]]''' (''Dyal'') — It first appeared in ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Plesiosaurus]]''' (''Tandoraz'', ''Ta-ho-az'') — The two Pellucidarian names refer to large and small varieties. It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Polacanthus]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Pteranodon]]''' (''Thipdar'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''. They are sometimes used as the pets and guard animals of the Mahars.
* '''[[Pterodactylus]]''' (''Thipdar'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Rhamphorhynchus]]''' (''Mahar'') — An oversized species of intelligent [[pterosaur]]s. It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Shark]]s''' — The sharks of Pellucidar are larger than normal sharks. It was never mentioned if these sharks are either ''[[Megalodon]]'', ''Carcharodon hubbeli'', or any other related prehistoric sharks.
* '''[[Smilodon]]''' (''Tarag'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Snake]]s''' — Venomous vipers which the characters use to make poisoned arrows. They first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Stegosaurus]]''' (''Dyrodor'') — A carnivorous variety that able to manipulate its back plates to allow it to glide (unlike a real ''Stegosaurus'').
* '''[[Styracosaurus]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Tapir]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Trachodon]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Triceratops]]''' (''Gyor'') — An ill-tempered dinosaur. They are often hunted by Horibs.
* '''Trodon''' — Pellucidarian name for a creature with no outer world equivalent. The Trodon are [[dragon]]-like flying reptiles with pouches similar to those of kangaroos. Not to be confused with the ''[[Troodon]]'', an actual dinosaur. It first appeared in ''Back to the Stone Age'' where it carried Von Horst to its nest in the crater of a dead volcano. 
* '''[[Troodon]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Tylosaurus]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Tyrannosaurus]]''' (''Zarith'') — The Tyrannosaurus are one of the dominant predators in Pellucidar. Von Horst and La-Ja encountered a juvenile specimen the Forest of Death, and was about to devour a Gorbus, a member of a weird, cruel, albino race. Von Horst was able to kill the beast. La-Ja informs him that adult zarith feed on the giant Bos, the aurochs, and on the mighty mammoth.
* '''[[Whale]]s''' (referred to as "Herbivorous Cetaceans" by Perry) — The whales of Pellucidar weigh around four to five pounds, are vegetarian and brightly colored, and reside in bodies of fresh water instead of salt water, as whales do in the outer world. They first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.
* '''[[Velociraptor]]''' — Pellucidarian name unknown.
* '''[[Woolly mammoth]]''' (''Tandor'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''. Some woolly mammoths are used as mounts by a tribe of natives called the Mammoth Men.<ref name="BTTSA">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1937). ''Back to the Stone Age''. Tarzana, CA: Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc.</ref>
* '''[[Woolly rhinoceros]]''' (''Sadok'') — It first appeared in ''At the Earth's Core''.

==Races and tribes==
Pellucidar is also inhabited by enclaves of various non-human or semi-human races one of whom are the stone age humans of the inner world. Among the known races and tribes in Pellucidar are:
* '''Ape-Men''' — A race of black-skinned creatures with prehensile tails, receding foreheads, long arms, and short legs who are [[Arboreal locomotion|arboreal]] in nature. They are known for domesticating goats and Hyaenodons.<ref name="ATEC" />
* '''Azarians''' — A race of 7&nbsp;ft. primitive man-eating [[giant]]s with ugly faces and yellow tusk-like teeth.<ref name="LOT">Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1944). ''Land of Terror''. Tarzana, CA: Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc.</ref>
* '''Beast-Men''' — ''Also called Brute-Men, see below.''
* '''Bison Men''' — ''Also known as Ganaks, see below.''
* '''Brute-Men''' — A peaceful 7&nbsp;ft. race of [[ape]]-like farmers. They are also called '''Beast-Men''', and sometimes called "'''Gorilla-Sheep'''" for the sheep-like appearance of their faces which go with the bull-like neck and fangs of a gorilla.
* '''Coripies''' — A subterranean race of 5&nbsp;ft. eyeless [[carrion]]-eaters. They are also known as the '''Buried People'''.<ref name="TOP" />
* '''Ganaks''' — A race of squat stocky humanoids with long brown hair, long horns, and tails with brushy tufts at the end; they are also called the '''[[Bison]]''' '''Men'''. Despite being herbivorous, the Ganaks sometimes capture humans and sacrifice them in a morbid ritual.<ref name="BTTSA" />
* '''Gilaks''' — A tribe of Pellucidarian humans with enhanced homing instincts that is on the level of the [[Stone Age]]. They are sometimes slaves to the Mahars and their servants the Sagoths.
* '''Gorbuses''' — A subterranean race of cannibalistic albinos with long white tusks, who are apparently resurrected surface-world serial killers that are confined here as their punishment.<ref name="BTTSA" />
* '''Horibs''' — A race of ferocious Cotylosaurus-riding [[List of reptilian humanoids|reptile men]] with snake-like heads, lizard-like bodies, pointed ears, and two sharp horns. The Horibs are known to hunt humans and Gyor (Triceratops).<ref name="TATEC" />
* '''Jukans''' — An eccentric race of creatures who have short-cropped hairs and flabby mouths.
* '''Korsars''' — A tribe of humans who are the descendants of [[Barbary pirates]]. Their ancestors discovered Pellucidar and have been unable to travel back to the surface. They live in the kingdom of Korsar, which is across the '''Sea of Korsar'''.
* '''Mahars''' — The master race in Pellucidar who resemble humanoid ''[[Rhamphorhynchus]]''. They enslave the Stone Age Humans of Pellucidar with the help of their servants, the Sagoths. They are also deaf, but have developed a form of “musical” entertainment based on motion. Their guard animals are Pteranodons.<ref name="TOP" /><ref name="ATEC" /><ref name="PEL" />
* '''Mammoth Men''' — A tribe of cave-dwelling natives who use woolly mammoths as their mounts. They reside in the '''Ja-Ru''' region of Pellucidar.<ref name="BTTSA" />
* '''Manats''' — A tribe who live on one side of the '''Island of Tandar''' and often fight with the Tandar.
* '''Mezops''' — A race of seafaring islanders, fishermen, and hunters who are similar to the Native Americans.
* '''Sabertooth Men''' — A race of cannibalistic black-skinned man-eating creatures with prehensile tails and dagger-like tusks. The Sabertooth Men live in a volcanic crater near '''Kali''' and have a monkey-like language.
* '''Sagoths''' — The brown-furred [[gorilla]]-like servants of the Mahars who are lighter in build than a gorilla. Their language is similar to the [[Mangani]].<ref name="TATEC" /><ref name="ATEC" /><ref name="PEL" />
* '''Tandar''' — A tribe who live on the '''Island of Tandar''' and often fight with the Manats.
* '''Xexots''' — A tribe of yellow-skinned humans whose culture is based on the [[Bronze Age]]. The Xexots reside in walled cities. The male and female Xexots wear nothing on their torsos. The children and other younger Xexots never wear clothes. Also, the priests are distinguished by their hideous masks and long leather robes.

==Novels==
# ''[[At the Earth's Core (novel)|At the Earth's Core]]'' (1914)
# ''[[Pellucidar (novel)|Pellucidar]]'' (1915)
# ''[[Tanar of Pellucidar]]'' (1929)
# ''[[Tarzan at the Earth's Core]]'' (1929-1930)
# ''[[Back to the Stone Age]]'' (1937)
# ''[[Land of Terror]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Savage Pellucidar]]'' (1963)

==Sequels by John Eric Holmes==
[[John Eric Holmes]]'s ''Mahars of Pellucidar'' was a sequel to Burroughs' Pellucidar novels authorized by the Burroughs estate. Publication of Holmes' follow-up novel, ''Red Axe of Pellucidar'', reportedly ready for print in 1980, was reportedly blocked by the estate, and only saw print much later in a limited private edition.<ref name="Martin">Martin, John.[http://www.erblist.com/erbmania/edgardemain/bridge-holmes.html "John Eric Holmes: Mahars of Pellucidar and Red Axe of Pellucidar"].</ref>

# ''[[Mahars of Pellucidar]]'' (1976)
# ''Red Axe of Pellucidar'' (1993)

==In other media==
[[DC Comics]] published a comic book adaptation of ''At the Earth's Core'' that ran in ''Korak, Son of Tarzan'' #46, then moved to ''[[Weird Worlds (comics)|Weird Worlds]]'' #1–5, then continued with an adaptation of ''Pellucidar'' in #6–7. Another Pellucidar story appeared in ''Tarzan Family'' #66. Dark Horse Comics reprinted this in trade paperback in 2017.

Pellucidar has appeared in one movie adaptation. The first novel was filmed as ''[[At the Earth's Core (film)|At the Earth's Core]]'' (1976), directed by [[Kevin Connor (director)|Kevin Connor]] with [[Doug McClure]] as David Innes and [[Peter Cushing]] as Abner Perry.<ref>{{IMDb title|qid=Q1199617|id=tt0074157|title=At the Earth's Core}}</ref>

Pellucidar appears in the ''[[Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle]]'' episode "Tarzan at the Earth's Core".

The 1996 pilot of the TV series ''[[Tarzan: The Epic Adventures]]'' also features Pellucidar, as well as the character Jana from the novel ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''. This story also features a race of Mahars who are able to transform into humanoid form. Also, in the 1996 novelization of [[Tarzan: The Epic Adventures#Novel|''Tarzan: The Epic Adventures'']] by [[R. A. Salvatore]], based on the teleplay for the pilot of the series, Pellucidar is featured in the later part of the story. The story is inspired by ''The Return of Tarzan'' and ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''.

Pellucidar appears in a few episodes of the [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] cartoon series ''[[The Legend of Tarzan (TV series)|The Legend of Tarzan]]'', loosely inspired by ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core''. In the show, however, Pellucidar is merely described as being a region below Africa where dinosaurs still live. None of the characteristics of it described in the novels are seen and the Mahars, Sagoths, Horibs, prehistoric mammals, stone age humans, and characters are not seen in this version of the inner world. In the episode "Tarzan and the Hidden World", Tarzan leads Professor Porter into Pellucidar so he can become famous before his rival, Professor Philander, who has also arrived in Africa. Professor Porter accidentally steals an egg from a [[Tyrannosaurus|T-rex]] and the dinosaur retaliates by chasing them. Philander's photographic proof of Pellucidar is ruined by a monkey who took photos with his camera. Pellucidar is mentioned again in "Tarzan and the Beast from Below". The episode revolves around some [[Velociraptor]]s which escaped from Pellucidar and scare Terk.

Pellucidar is revisited by Tarzan and is the central location of the Dark Horse Comics crossover ''Tarzan vs. Predator: At the Earth's Core'', where Tarzan faces off against the alien [[Predator (franchise)|Predator]]s in Pellucidar.

Pellucidar appears in the final episode of ''[[Tarzan and Jane (TV series)|Tarzan and Jane]]'' along with [[King Kong]].

==Influence==
A tribute story, "Maureen Birnbaum at the Earth's Core", appeared in [[George Alec Effinger]]'s ''[[Maureen Birnbaum, Barbarian Swordsperson]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?21725| title = Contents listing for first edition of ''Maureen Birnbaum, Barbarian Swordsperson'' at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database}}</ref>

Pellucidar was the major inspiration for [[Lin Carter]]'s ''[[Zanthodon (series)|Zanthodon]]'' novels of the late 1970s and early 1980s, set in the vast cavern of Zanthodon beneath the [[Sahara]] desert.<ref>Valdron, Den. "[http://www.erbzine.com/mag17/1738.html Lin Carter's Literary Pellucidar]"</ref>

The [[Hollow Earth]] milieu of [[Skartaris]] in the ''[[Warlord (DC Comics)|Warlord]]'' series of comic books by [[Mike Grell]], published from 1976 to 1989, is essentially a translation of Pellucidar into the graphic medium, with the admixture of [[magic (supernatural)|magic]] and elements of the [[Atlantis]] myth.<ref name=Cronin2006>Brian Cronin, 2006, [http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2006/06/08/comic-book-urban-legends-revealed-54/ "Comic Book Urban Legends Revealed #54!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821114145/http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2006/06/08/comic-book-urban-legends-revealed-54/ |date=August 21, 2014 }} (archive)</ref>

The hollow interior of Earth seen in the 2008 [[The Asylum|Asylum]] film ''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 direct-to-video film)|Journey to the Center of the Earth]]'' bears some similarity to Pellucidar, although the film was intended as a film adaptation of [[Journey to the Center of the Earth|a novel by Jules Verne]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Journey to the Centre of the Earth {{!}} Summary & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/A-Journey-to-the-Centre-of-the-Earth|access-date=2021-07-12|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref>

The Hollow World of the fictional ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]'' setting of [[Mystara]] shares many concepts from Pellucidar, such as the polar openings, the central sun, the floating moons, and the primitive cultures living in the internal surface.

In [[James Blaylock]]'s ''[[The Digging Leviathan]]'' (1984), a pair of rival scientific teams compete to reach Pellucidar. However, the story concludes before their goal is attained.<ref>{{Cite web|title=the digging leviathan in a sentence - the digging leviathan sentence|url=https://eng.ichacha.net/zaoju/the%20digging%20leviathan.html|access-date=2021-07-12|website=eng.ichacha.net}}</ref> Blaylock's ''Zeuglodon'' revisits the Pellucidar theme, when a group of children attempt to rescue Giles Peach, one of the characters traveling to Pellucidar in The Digging Leviathan.

In [[Robert A. Heinlein]]'s ''[[The Number of the Beast (novel)|Number of the Beast]]'', the protagonists visit an inside-out world in their continua craft and discuss whether they have reached Pellucidar.<ref>Heinlein, Robert A. (1980). ''The Number of the Beast''. New York: Fawcett Columbine.</ref>

In [[John Crowley (author)|John Crowley]]'s ''[[Little, Big]]'' (1981), a drug named Pellucidar is mentioned and appears to have an exhilarating and even aphrodisiac effect.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}}

During the initial explorations of [[Lechuguilla Cave]] in the late 1980s, a chamber was named "Pellucidar" in honor of these stories.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Critchfield |first=David |title=The Gilak's Guide to Pellucidar |publisher=Darel Az Books |year=2007 |isbn=9780578014463 |edition=1st |pages=106}}</ref>

In [[Philip José Farmer]]'s "[[Riders of the Purple Wage]]", there is a concept known as "the Pellucidar Breakthrough".{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}}

In [[Roderick Gordon]]'s ''Tunnels'' series, the Garden of the Second Sun is strongly based on Pellucidar.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}}

The [[Hollow Earth]] concept was used by [[Vladimir Obruchev]] in his novel ''[[Plutonia (novel)|Plutonia]]'', published in 1924, also inhabited by ancient life forms. Due to his scientific and geology career, Obruchev was not a fan of the Hollow Earth concept. However, Obruchev did use his novel to describe Pleistocene, Jurassic, and Carboniferous fauna.

==See also==
* ''[[At the Earth's Core (film)|At the Earth's Core]]'' (1976 movie)
* ''[[Tarzan: The Epic Adventures]]'' (1996/1997 TV series)
* [[Caprona (island)|Caprona]]
* [[Hollow Earth]]
* [[Subterranean fiction]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{StandardEbooks|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/edgar-rice-burroughs/at-the-earths-core|Display Name=At the Earth's Core}}
* {{StandardEbooks|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/edgar-rice-burroughs/pellucidar}}{{Gutenberg book|no=545|name=At the Earth's Core}}
* {{Gutenberg book|no=605|name=Pellucidar}}
* [http://www.pellucidar.org Official site] from Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc., Tarzana, California
* [http://www.bouncepage.com/Pellucidar/pellucidar.html von Horst's Pellucidar] — Articles, book summaries, publishing histories, pastiches, glossary, languages, maps, hollow Earth theory, and film and TV reviews by Pellucidar scholar David Critchfield.
* [http://www.erbzine.com/mag30/3042.html Maps of Pellucidar] in ''ERBzine'' 3042
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040811085758/http://www.angelfire.com/tv2/phobeg/pel.htm Beasts of Pellucidar] at Angelfire
* [http://www.comicvine.com/pellucidar/4020-57230/ Pellucidar] at Comic Vine
* {{ISFDB series|id=67313|title=Edgar Rice Burroughs' Pellucidar universe}}

{{Edgar Rice Burroughs (books)}}
{{Tarzan}}
{{Subterranea}}

[[Category:Pellucidar| ]]
[[Category:Book series introduced in 1914]]
[[Category:Fictional elements introduced in 1914]]
[[Category:Edgar Rice Burroughs locations]]