Editing Pitheciinae

{{Short description|Subfamily of New World monkeys}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2022}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Pitheciinae<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=146–148}}</ref>
| fossil_range = [[Miocene]] to recent
| image = WhiteFacedSaki.jpg
| image_caption = [[White-faced saki]] (''Pithicia pithecia'')
| taxon = Pitheciinae
| authority = [[George Jackson Mivart|Mivart]], 1865
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = 
*''[[Pithecia]]''
*''[[Chiropotes]]''
*''[[Cacajao]]''
*†''[[Homunculus patagonicus|Homunculus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Mohanamico]]''<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Luchterhand |first1=Kubet |last2=Kay |first2=Richard F. |last3=Madden |first3=Richard H. |year=1986 |title=''Mohanamico hershkovitzi'', gen. et sp. nov., un primate du Miocene moyen d' Amerique du Sud |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262563731 |journal=[[Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences]] |volume=303 |pages=1753–1758 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}</ref>
}}

'''Pitheciinae''' is a subfamily of the [[New World monkey]] family [[Pitheciidae]]. It contains three genera and 14 species. '''Pitheciines''' are forest dwellers from northern and central [[South America]], east of the [[Andes]].

They are small to medium-sized [[primate]]s, with a stocky build due to their close [[skin]]. The skin is covered in shaggy [[fur]], its coloring varies depending upon species from black to grey and brown up to white. Parts of the face can be bald. The [[tail (anatomy)|tail]], which is not used for grasping but for balance, is also hairy, although the [[uakari]]'s tail is only a stub.

Like most New World monkeys, they are [[diurnal animal|diurnal]] and [[arboreal]]. They are good climbers and spend the majority of their life in the trees. They live in groups ranging in number from small groups (such as with the [[saki monkey]]s ) to as many as 50 animals. They communicate with a set of sounds which typically includes high cries and a nearly bird-like twitter.

Pitheciines are generally [[omnivore]]s, the main part of their diet coming from fruits and insects. This is supplemented by flowers, buds, nuts and small vertebrates. Large canines help them to break through the hard rind of the unripe fruits.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

Births are typically of single offspring with a gestation time of about 5 to 6 months. They typically reach maturity at approximately 3 to 4 years and can become up to 15 years old.

== Classification ==
* Family [[Pitheciidae]]: titis, sakis and uakaris
** '''Subfamily Pitheciinae'''
*** Genus ''[[Pithecia]]''
**** [[Equatorial saki]], ''Pithecia aequatorialis'' 
**** [[White-footed saki]] or [[buffy saki]], ''Pithecia albicans'' 
****[[Cazuza's saki]], ''Pithecia cazuzai'' 
****[[Golden-faced saki]], ''Pithecia chrysocephala'' 
**** [[Hairy saki]], ''Pithecia hirsuta'' 
**** [[Burnished saki]], ''Pithecia inusta'' 
**** [[Rio Tapajós saki]] or [[Gray's bald-faced saki]], ''Pithecia irrorata'' 
**** [[Isabel's saki]], ''Pithecia isabela'' 
**** [[Monk saki]], ''Pithecia monachus'' 
**** [[Miller's saki]], ''Pithecia milleri'' 
**** [[Mittermeier's Tapajós saki]], ''Pithecia mittermeieri'' (disputed)<ref name="Serrano2019">{{cite journal|last1=Serrano-Villavicencio|first1=J.E.|last2=Murtado|first2=C.M.|last3=Vendramel|first3=R.L.|last4=Oliveira do Nascimento|first4=F.|date=January 2019|title=Reconsidering the taxonomy of the ''Pithecia irrorata'' species group (Primates: Pitheciidae)|journal=Journal of Mammalogy|volume=100|issue=1|pages=130–141|doi=10.1093/jmammal/gyy167|doi-access=free}}</ref>
**** [[Napo saki]], ''Pithecia napensis'' 
****[[Pissinatti’s saki]], ''Pithecia pissinattii'' (disputed)<ref name="Serrano2019" />
**** [[White-faced saki]], ''Pithecia pithecia''
**** [[Rylands' bald-faced saki]], ''Pithecia rylandsi'' (disputed)<ref name="Serrano2019" />
**** [[Vanzolini's bald-faced saki]], ''Pithecia vanzolinii'' 
*** Genus ''[[Chiropotes]]''
**** [[Black bearded saki]], ''Chiropotes satanas''
**** [[Red-backed bearded saki]], ''Chiropotes chiropotes''
**** [[Brown-backed bearded saki]], ''Chiropotes israelita''
**** [[Uta Hick's bearded saki]], ''Chiropotes utahickae''
**** [[White-nosed saki]], ''Chiropotes albinasus''
*** Genus ''[[Uakari|Cacajao]]''
**** [[Black-headed uakari]], ''Cacajao melanocephalus''
**** [[Bald uakari]], ''Cacajao calvus''
**** [[Aracá uakari]], ''Cacajao ayresii<ref name="Boubli2008">{{cite journal|author=Boubli, J. P.|author2=M. N. F. Da Silva|author3=M. V. Amado|author4=T. Hrbek|author5=F. B. Pontual|author6=I. P. Farias|name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=A taxonomic reassessment of black uakari monkeys, Cacajao melanocephalus group, Humboldt (1811), with the description of two new species|journal=International Journal of Primatology|volume=29|issue=3|pages=723–749|doi=10.1007/s10764-008-9248-7|s2cid=26561719|url=https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/preview/3629432/2024.04.29.24306539v1.full.pdf}}</ref>''
**** [[Neblina uakari]], ''Cacajao hosomi<ref name=Boubli2008B>{{cite journal | author = Boubli, J. P. | author2 = M. N. F. Da Silva | author3 = M. V. Amado | author4 = T. Hrbek| author5 = F. B. Pontual | author6 = I. P. Farias | name-list-style = amp | year = 2008| title = A taxonomic reassessment of black uakari monkeys, Cacajao melanocephalus group, Humboldt (1811), with the description of two new species | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 29| issue = 3| pages = 723–749 | doi = 10.1007/s10764-008-9248-7| s2cid = 26561719 | url = https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/preview/3629432/2024.04.29.24306539v1.full.pdf }}</ref>''
** Subfamily [[Callicebinae]]

==References==
{{Wikispecies|Pitheciinae}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Pitheciidae nav}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q268969}}

[[Category:Sakis and uakaris| ]]
[[Category:Extant Miocene first appearances]]