Editing Pygmy parrot

{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
 | name                = Pygmy parrot
 | image               = NasiternaPusioKeulemans.jpg
 | image_caption       = ''M. pusio''
 | taxon               = Micropsitta
 | authority           = [[René Primevère Lesson|Lesson]], 1831
 | subdivision_ranks   = [[Species]]
 | subdivision         = 
''[[Buff-faced pygmy parrot|Micropsitta pusio]]''<br/>
''[[Yellow-capped pygmy parrot|Micropsitta keiensis]]''<br/>
''[[Geelvink pygmy parrot|Micropsitta geelvinkiana]]''<br/>
''[[Meek's pygmy parrot|Micropsitta meeki]]''<br/>
''[[Finsch's pygmy parrot|Micropsitta finschii]]''<br/>
''[[Red-breasted pygmy parrot|Micropsitta bruijnii]]''
}}

'''Pygmy parrots''' are the smallest members of the [[parrot]] order. The six [[species]] of pygmy parrots are all in the genus '''''Micropsitta''''', which is the only genus in the '''Micropsittini''' [[Tribe (biology)|tribe]].<ref>Joseph L., Alicia Toon, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Timothy F. Wright, Richard Schodde, [http://biology-web.nmsu.edu/~twright/publications/Josephetal2012Zootaxa.pdf A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes) (PDF)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211091044/http://biology-web.nmsu.edu/~twright/publications/Josephetal2012Zootaxa.pdf |date=2013-12-11 }}, in Zootaxa, vol. 3205, 2012, pp. 26–40.</ref>

Pygmy parrots are native to the forests of [[New Guinea]] and nearby islands. They are tiny [[Aves|bird]]s, fast-moving, and mostly green with bright highlights. A pygmy parrot spends a good deal of time climbing through foliage, using its large feet and beak, and stiffened tail [[feather]]s. At a little over {{convert|8|cm|in|abbr=on}} long, the [[buff-faced pygmy parrot]] is the smallest parrot species.

Pygmy parrots are also among the few species in the order (other examples include ''[[Pyrilia]]'' and ''[[Nannopsittaca]]'' species) that have never been successfully kept, let alone bred, in captivity. All attempts to do so have resulted in the quick deaths of the little birds. Stress and dietary deficiencies are probably to blame.<ref>Arndt, T. (1997). ''Lexicon of Parrots''. Arndt Verlag. {{ISBN|3-9805291-1-8}}</ref> Pygmy parrots are among the few birds that feed on [[fungus|fungi]] and [[lichen]]s, which play a major role in their diet.<ref name=parrots>Juniper, T., & M. Parr (1998). ''A Guide to the Parrots of the World.'' Pica Press, East Sussex. {{ISBN|1-873403-40-2}}</ref> Their precise dietary needs are poorly understood.{{citation needed|date=June 2009}}

==Description==
Pygmy parrots are the smallest parrots and range is size from about {{convert|8|to|10|cm|in|abbr=on}}. They have long toes and long, curved claws. The shafts of their tail feathers are stiff and form projections at the end of the tail. The cere is prominent. The external appearance of the adult males and adult females differ to varying extents in different species. Juveniles are duller.<ref>{{cite book |first=Joseph M. |last=Forshaw |author-link=Joseph Forshaw |title=Parrots of the World; an Identification Guide |url=https://archive.org/details/parrotsofworldid0000fors |url-access=registration |others=Illustrated by Frank Knight |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=0-691-09251-6 |at=plates 24–25 |year=2006 }}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
The genus was defined by French naturalist [[René-Primevère Lesson]] in 1831. The name ''Micropsitta'' is derived from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] ''mikros'' meaning small and ''psitta'' for parrot.<ref name=Liddell1980>{{cite book | author = [[Henry George Liddell|Liddell, Henry George]] and [[Robert Scott (philologist)|Robert Scott]] | year = 1980 | title = [[A Greek-English Lexicon]] (Abridged Edition) | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]] | location = United Kingdom | isbn =0-19-910207-4}}</ref>

The pygmy parrots consist of six species and several subspecies:<ref name = zoonomen>{{cite web | url =http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/psit.html |title = Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Psittaciformes (Version 9.024) |date =2009-05-30|publisher = www.zoonomen.net }}</ref>

Genus: ''Micropsitta'' <small>Lesson 1831</small> (pygmy parrots)
{{Species table |genus=Micropsitta  |authority-name=[[René Primevère Lesson|Lesson]]|authority-year= 1831 |species-count=six|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Red-breasted pygmy parrot |binomial=[[Micropsitta bruijnii]]
|image=File:Micropsitta bruijnii 3308704.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Salvadori |authority-year=1875 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=the Maluku Islands and Melanesia. 
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Five subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. b. bruijnii'' <small>(Salvadori 1875)</small>
| ''M. b. buruensis'' <small>Arndt 1999</small>
| ''M. b. necopinata'' <small>[[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]] 1925</small>
| ''M. b. pileata'' <small>Mayr 1940</small>
| ''M. b. rosea'' <small>Mayr 1940</small>
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Finsch's pygmy parrot |binomial=[[Micropsitta finschii]]
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Ramsay, EP|authority-year= 1881 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and the Bismarck Archipelago. 
|range-image=File:Finsch's Pygmy Parrot.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Five subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. f. aolae'' <small>(Ogilvie-Grant 1888)</small>
| ''M. f. finschii'' <small>(Ramsay, EP 1881)</small>
| ''M. f. nanina'' <small>(Tristram 1891)</small>
| ''M. f. tristrami'' <small>([[Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild|Rothschild]] & [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]] 1902)</small>
| ''M. f. viridifrons'' <small>([[Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild|Rothschild]] & [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]] 1899)</small>
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Geelvink pygmy parrot] |binomial=[[Micropsitta geelvinkiana]]
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Schlegel|authority-year=1871 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Biak and Numfoor islands in Western New Guinea
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. g. geelvinkiana'' <small>(Schlegel 1871)</small>
| ''M. g. misoriensis'' <small>(Salvadori 1876)</small>
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Yellow-capped pygmy parrot |binomial=[[Micropsitta keiensis]]
|image=File:Micropsitta keiensis 315676556.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Salvadori|authority-year=1876 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  western New Guinea
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. k. chloroxantha'' <small>Oberholser 1917</small>
| ''M. k. keiensis'' <small>(Salvadori 1876)</small>
| ''M. k. viridipectus'' <small>([[Lionel Walter Rothschild|Rothschild]] 1911)</small>
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Meek's pygmy parrot |binomial=[[Micropsitta meeki]]
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild|Rothschild]] & [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]]|authority-year=1914 |authority-not-original=
|range=  Papua New Guinea.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. m. meeki'' <small>[[Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild|Rothschild]] & [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]] 1914</small>
| ''M. m. proxima'' <small>[[Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild|Rothschild]] & [[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]] 1924</small>
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Buff-faced pygmy parrot |binomial=[[Micropsitta pusio]]
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Sclater, PL |authority-year=1866 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= New Britain and New Guinea. 
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. p. beccarii'' <small>(Salvadori 1876)</small>
| ''M. p. harterti'' <small>Mayr 1940</small>
| ''M. p. pusio'' <small>(Sclater, PL 1866)</small>
| ''M. p. stresemanni'' <small>[[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]] 1926</small>
}}
}}
{{Species table/end}}



==References==
{{Wikispecies|Micropsitta}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Psittacopasseres|Ps.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q244282}}

[[Category:Micropsitta|*]]
[[Category:Psittaculinae]]
[[Category:Taxa named by René Lesson]]