Editing Pyongyang Metro

{{Short description|Rapid transit system in North Korea}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox public transit
| image = Logo of the Pyongyang Metro.svg
| notrack = 
| host = 
| vehicles = 224 {{small|(Type D : 216,<ref>[http://www.2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html 平壌地下鉄 D型 - 西船junctionどっと混む] {{In lang|ja}}</ref> Type 1 : 8<ref>[http://www.2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc4.html 平壌地下鉄 1型 - 西船junctionどっと混む] {{In lang|ja}}</ref>)}}
| train_length = 4
| headway = 3 minute (peak) <br /> 5 minute (off-peak)
| system_length = {{convert|22.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name=junct />
| track_gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| operator = Pyongyang Metro Administration Bureau<ref name=junct />
| ogauge = <!-- {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}} -->
| minimum_radius_of_curvature = <!-- {{convert|0|ft|0|in|mm|0}} -->
| el = 
| average_speed = <!-- {{convert|0|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} -->
| top_speed = {{convert|70|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (Type D)
| map = [[File:Pyonyang Metro and Tram.svg|300px]]
| marks = 
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|1973|09|05}}<ref name=KT>{{Cite journal |last=Pak |first=Yong Hwan |date=December 1973 |title=Front Cover |journal=[[Korea Today]] |issue=207}}</ref>
| imagesize = 120px
| locale = [[Pyongyang]], North Korea
| image2 = PYONGYANG METRO DPR KOREA OCT 2012 (8148604784).jpg
| imagesize2 = 275px
| caption2 = Type D (Yonggwang Station)
| alt = A blue circle with red lettering inside it; underneath the circle is a red V
| native_name = {{Lang|ko|평양 지하철도}}<br />P'yŏngyang Chihach'ŏlto
| owner = 
| transit_type = [[Rapid transit]]
| website = 
| lines = 2<ref name=junct>[http://www.2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetro.html 平壌地下鉄 - 西船junctionどっと混む] {{In lang|ja}}</ref>
| line_number = Chollima Line<br />Hyoksin Line
| stations = 16 {{small|(Chollima Line : 8, Hyoksin Line : 8)}}<ref name=junct />
| ridership = 400,000 (Weekdays)<br />700,000 (Holidays)<br />(July 2019)<ref name=junct />
| annual_ridership = 
| chief_executive = 
| headquarters = Pyongyang Metro,<br />City Metro Unit,<br />Railway Section,<br />Transport and Communication Commission,<br />Pyongyang,<br />Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| map_name = Route Map of Pyongyang Metro
}}{{Infobox Korean name|context=north|hangul=평양 지하철도|hanja=平壤地下鐵道|mr=P'yŏngyang Chihach'ŏlto|rr=Pyeongyang Jihacheoldo}}
The '''Pyongyang Metro''' ({{korean|context=north|평양 지하철도}}) is the [[rapid transit]] system in [[Pyongyang]], the capital and largest city of [[North Korea]]. It consists of two lines: the [[Chollima Line]], which runs north from [[Puhŭng Station]] on the banks of the [[Taedong River]] to [[Pulgŭnbyŏl Station]], and the [[Hyŏksin Line]], which runs from [[Kwangbok Station]] in the southwest to [[Rakwon Station (Pyongyang)|Ragwŏn Station]] in the northeast.  The two lines intersect at [[Chŏnu Station]].

Daily ridership is estimated to be between 300,000 and 700,000.<ref name=inc>{{cite book|last=Harris|first=Mark Edward|title=Inside North Korea|url=https://archive.org/details/insidenorthkorea00harr|url-access=limited|year=2007|publisher=Chronicle Books|isbn=978-0-8118-5751-2|author2=Cumings, Bruce |page=[https://archive.org/details/insidenorthkorea00harr/page/n41 41]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0805/11/siu.01.html|title=CNN Special Investigations Unit: Notes from North Korea|agency=[[CNN]]|date=May 11, 2008|access-date=30 June 2008|archive-date=2 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080902043329/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0805/11/siu.01.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Structural engineering]] of the Metro was completed by North Korea, with [[rolling stock]] and related electronic equipment imported from China.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zhihu.com/question/36364300/answer/67224292 |script-title=zh:关于朝鲜地铁最早是中国修建的说法是真的吗? |access-date=31 March 2017 |archive-date=30 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830104714/https://www.zhihu.com/question/36364300/answer/67224292 |url-status=live|language=zh}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=China Releases Details on Aid to N.Korea|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/04/28/2011042800916.html|access-date=14 February 2016|publisher=Choson Ilbo|date=28 April 2011|archive-date=14 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514104904/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/04/28/2011042800916.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=zh:中国第一笔援助是对朝鲜提供 平壤地铁系我援建|url=http://www.china.com.cn/news/2011-04/26/content_22440443.htm|access-date=14 February 2016|agency=中国网|date=26 April 2011|archive-date=26 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226051748/http://www.china.com.cn/news/2011-04/26/content_22440443.htm|url-status=live|language=zh}}</ref> This was later replaced with used rolling stock acquired from [[Berlin U-Bahn]].<ref name=BBCmetro/>

The Pyongyang Metro has a museum devoted to its construction and history.<ref>{{cite web |title=Metro Museum {{!}} Pyongyang, North Korea {{!}} Attractions |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/north-korea/pyongyang/attractions/metro-museum/a/poi-sig/1453702/357182 |website=Lonely Planet |access-date=11 August 2024}}</ref>

==Construction==

Construction of the metro network started in 1965, and stations were opened between 1969 and 1972 by Supreme Leader [[Kim Il Sung]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cafe306.daum.net/_c21_/bbs_search_read?grpid=3LY&fldid=ANo&contentval=002VYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz&nenc=&fenc=&q=&nil_profile=cafetop&nil_menu=sch_updw|script-title=ko:철도동호회 - 조선국 평양지하철도|script-work=ko:Daum 카페|access-date=22 December 2011|archive-date=10 July 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710184552/http://cafe306.daum.net/_c21_/bbs_search_read?grpid=3LY&fldid=ANo&contentval=002VYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz&nenc=&fenc=&q=&nil_profile=cafetop&nil_menu=sch_updw|url-status=live|language=ko}}</ref> Most of the 16 public stations were built in the 1970s, except for the two most grandiose stations—Puhŭng and Yŏnggwang, which were constructed in 1987. According to [[NK News]] sources, a construction accident in 1971 killed tens if not hundreds of laborers, forcing the rerouting of the metro to not cross the [[Taedong River]].<ref name=":5" />

China provided technical aid for the metro's construction, sending experts to install equipment made in China, including [[electrical equipment]] made in [[Xiangtan]], [[Hunan]]<ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:湘潭电机股份有限公司地铁产品|url=http://www.xemc.com.cn/xemc/dj/Pages.aspx?channel=426|website=Xiangtan Electric Manufacturing Company Limited|access-date=15 February 2016|archive-date=23 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223043106/http://www.xemc.com.cn/xemc/dj/Pages.aspx?channel=426|url-status=live|language=zh}}</ref> and the escalator with vertical height of 64 m made by Shanghai Seleva.<ref>{{cite news|last1=罗菁|script-title=zh:申城38年援建国外198个成套项目 平壤地铁电梯为沪产|url=http://sh.eastday.com/m/20141031/u1a8419670.html|access-date=15 February 2016|agency=东方网|date=31 October 2014|archive-date=1 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301211111/http://sh.eastday.com/m/20141031/u1a8419670.html|url-status=live|language=zh}}</ref><ref name="JilinShengzhipp444–445">{{cite book|last1=李永林主编|year=1995 |script-title=zh:《吉林省志·卷三十三·对外经贸志》|isbn=7206022952|pages=444–445|publisher=吉林人民出版社 |language=zh}}</ref>

The Pyongyang Metro is among the deepest metros in the world, with the track at over {{convert|110|m|ft}} deep underground; the metro does not have any above-ground track segments or stations. Due to the depth of the metro and the lack of outside segments, its stations can double as [[bomb shelter]]s, with blast doors in place at hallways.<ref>{{Cite web | title = I was part of the first group of outsiders allowed to ride the entire North Korean subway system — here's what I saw | last = Davies | first = Elliott | work = Business Insider | date = 16 April 2016 | access-date = 17 April 2016 | url = https://www.businessinsider.com/north-korea-metro-photos-2016-4?op=1 | archive-date = 19 September 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200919192535/https://www.businessinsider.com/north-korea-metro-photos-2016-4?r=UK | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.163.com/07/0731/09/3KNIJS0O00011SM9_2.html|script-title=zh:平壤的表情：你不知道的朝鲜|language=zh|publisher=[[Netease]]|date=July 31, 2007|access-date=15 August 2007|archive-date=19 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519102718/http://news.163.com/07/0731/09/3KNIJS0O00011SM9_2.html|url-status=live}}</ref> It takes three and a half minutes from the ground to the platform by escalator. The metro is so deep that the temperature of the platform maintains a constant {{convert|18|C|F}} all year.<ref>{{cite news|last1=任力波|script-title=zh:平壤地铁 站台内常年保持18摄氏度恒温|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2005-02/17/content_2587767_1.htm|access-date=15 February 2016|agency=Xinhua|date=17 February 2005|archive-date=23 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223041646/http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2005-02/17/content_2587767_1.htm|url-status=dead|language=zh}}</ref> The [[Saint Petersburg Metro]] also claims to be the deepest, based on the average depth of all its stations. The [[Hongyancun station]] on [[Chongqing Rail Transit]]'s [[Line 9 (Chongqing Rail Transit)|Line 9]] is currently the deepest station in the world at {{convert|116|m|ft}}. The deepest heavy rail station in the world is the [[Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station]], located {{cvt|80|m}} underground. The [[Porta Alpina]] railway station, located above the [[Gotthard Base Tunnel]] in Switzerland, was supposed to be {{cvt|800|m}} underground, but the project was indefinitely shelved in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.discovery.com/tech/worlds-largest-tunnel-drilled-under-swiss-alps.htm|title=World's Longest Tunnel Drilled Under Swiss Alps|work=DNews|access-date=26 December 2013|archive-date=17 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140217113453/http://news.discovery.com/tech/worlds-largest-tunnel-drilled-under-swiss-alps.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

The system was initially electrified at [[Railway electrification system|825 volts]], but lowered down to 750 volts to support operation of the Class GI sets.<ref name=":1" /> However, this conflicted with the documentation on the DK4 sets, which uses 750 volts with a +20% and a -38% tolerance.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=DK4型地下铁道电动客车 (上)|trans-title=DK4 metro set (part 1)|journal=铁道车辆|volume=1982/8|pages=42}}</ref>

A 1999 [[Korean Broadcasting System|KBS]] news broadcast stated that two lines were under construction, with line 3 to run from Kwangbok station to Mangyongdae, while the location of line 4 was unknown. The two lines were to open for the 55th [[Party Foundation Day]].<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=평양 지하철 증설공사|url=https://mn.kbs.co.kr/mobile/news/view.do?ncd=3800956|access-date=2021-10-26|website=KBS 뉴스|language=ko}}</ref>

In 2012, [[Korean Central Television]] released renders of a new station bearing the name [[Mangyongdae-guyok|Mangyongdae]] displayed at the Pyongyang Architectural Festival.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang — Underground — New stations|url=https://transphoto.org/articles/6035/|access-date=2020-10-13|website=transphoto.org}}</ref>

In 2018, NK News claimed that there would be possible extensions to the metro system, with anonymous sources claiming activity to the west of [[Kwangbok Station]]. Commercial satellite imagery revealed only one structure under construction, and it speculated an absence of announcements from state media was due to funding issues, as well as due to the 1970s tunneling accidents.<ref name=":5">{{cite news|work=NK News|archive-date=December 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211163259/https://www.nknews.org/2018/04/north-korea-extending-pyongyang-metro-system-sources-say/|url=https://www.nknews.org/2018/04/north-korea-extending-pyongyang-metro-system-sources-say/|date=April 25, 2018|title=North Korea extending Pyongyang metro system, sources say|last=O'Carroll|first=Chad}}</ref>

In 2019, [[Kaeson station]] and [[Moranbong Station|Moranbong station]] were modernised,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pyongyang Metro stations undergo renovation |url=http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=34969 |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208144902/http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=34969 |archive-date=8 February 2021}}</ref> adding TVs that show the next service and brighter lighting. This was followed by [[Jonu station]] and [[Chonsung station]] in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Underground Pyongyang Is Getting Young|url=https://kcnawatch.org/newstream/|access-date=2020-07-08|website=KCNA Watch|language=en-US|archive-date=9 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709105236/https://kcnawatch.org/newstream/|url-status=live}}</ref> The TVs can also display a digital version of the [[Rodong Sinmun]].

At the [[8th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea]], it was announced to push forward on the updating and renovation of the Pyongyang Metro, along with the production of new-type subway trains.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Great programme for struggle leading Korean-style socialist construction to fresh victory: On report made by Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un at Eighth Congress of WPK|agency=KCNA|url=http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=36889|access-date=2021-01-14|website=The Pyongyang Times|archive-date=10 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110144826/http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=36889|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Operation==

The Pyongyang Metro was designed to operate every few minutes. During rush hour, the trains can operate at a minimum interval of two minutes. The trains have the ability to play music and other recordings.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ee2EBntoZ60 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/Ee2EBntoZ60 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=One minute riding the Pyongyang metro to the tune of Rossini's "il barbiere di siviglia"|date=25 April 2014|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In current service, they run at every 3 minutes in rush hour and every 5 minutes throughout the day.<ref name=":0" /> It operates from 5:30 am to 11:30 pm.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1994-01-11 |title=평양 대중교통/전차 재등장 24시간 운행(북한경제) |url=https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/legacy/legacy_general/L290118.html |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=www.hani.co.kr |language=ko |archive-date=1 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401225349/https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/legacy/legacy_general/L290118.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The Pyongyang Metro is the cheapest in the world to ride, at only five [[North Korean won]] (worth half of a US cent) per ticket.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hooi|first=Ng Si|title=A world of its own|url=http://thestar.com.my/lifestyle/story.asp?file=/2008/9/6/lifetravel/1909434&sec=lifetravel|newspaper=[[The Star (Malaysia)]]|date=September 6, 2008|access-date=19 September 2020|archive-date=14 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014164445/http://thestar.com.my/lifestyle/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F9%2F6%2Flifetravel%2F1909434&sec=lifetravel|url-status=live}}</ref> Instead of paper tickets, the Metro previously used an aluminium token, with the emblem of the Metro minted on it and the Korean "{{lang|ko|지}}". It has used a paper ticket system, with "{{lang|ko|지}}" printed with blue ink on it.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetro.html|access-date=2020-10-13|website=2427junction.com|language=ja}}</ref> Tickets are bought at station booths. Nowadays, the network uses contactless cards that feature the logo of the network and a train set on the front, with the terms and conditions on the other side. Gates display the number of trips remaining on the card, with a trip being a tap on entry and exit.<ref name=":0" /> Smoking and eating inside the Metro system is prohibited and is punishable by a large fine.

===Network===

The Pyongyang Metro network consists of two lines:
* {{color box|red}} [[Chollima Line]], named after [[Chollima|a winged horse]] from ancient Korean mythology. It spans about {{convert|12|km|mi}}. Construction started in 1968, and the line opened on September 6, 1973. The total route contains the [[Puhung Station|Puhung]], [[Yonggwang Station|Yonggwang]], [[Ponghwa Station|Ponghwa]], [[Sŭngni Station|Sŭngni]], [[Moranbong Station|Moranbong]], [[Kaeson Station|Kaeson]], [[Jonu Station|Jonu]], and [[Pulgunbyol Station|Pulgunbyol]] stations.
* {{color box|#008008}} [[Hyŏksin Line]], which literally means ''renewal'', spans about {{convert|10|km|mi}}. Regular service started on October 9, 1975. The route contains the [[Kwangbok Station|Kwangbok]], [[Konguk Station|Konguk]], [[Hwanggumbol Station|Hwanggumbol]], [[Konsol Station|Konsol]], [[Hyoksin Station|Hyoksin]], [[Jonsung Station|Jonsung]], [[Samhung Station|Samhung]], and [[Rakwon Station (Pyongyang)|Rakwon]] stations. The closed [[Kwangmyong Station (Pyongyang)|Kwangmyong station]] is located between the Samhung and Rakwon stations.
The two lines have a linking track, located somewhere near Jonsung station.<ref>{{Cite web|title=平壌地下鉄 革新線|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyanghs.html|access-date=2021-05-05|website=2427junction.com}}</ref>

Most metro stations bear reference to nearby features, with [[Kaesŏn Station]] ("Triumph station") being located at the [[Arch of Triumph (Pyongyang)|Arch of Triumph]], [[Yonggwang station]] located near Yonggwang street, [[Sungni station]] at Sungni street.<ref name="平壌地下鉄 千里馬線">{{Cite web|title=平壌地下鉄 千里馬線|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangcl.html|access-date=2021-10-26|website=2427junction.com}}</ref>

The network runs entirely underground. The design of the network was based on metro networks in other communist countries, in particular the [[Moscow Metro]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Korea: North-South nuclear issues : hearing before the Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, July 25, 1990|year= 1991|publisher= U.S. G.P.O|page= 85}}</ref> Both networks share many characteristics, such as the great depth of the lines (over {{Convert|100|m}}) and the large distances between stations. Another common feature is the [[Socialist realism|Socialist realist]] art on display in the stations - such as murals and statues.<ref>{{cite book|last= Ishikawa|first= Shō|title= The country aglow with Juche: North Korea as seen by a journalist|year= 1988|publisher= Foreign languages Pub. House|page= 65}}</ref> Staff of the Metro have a military-style uniform that is specific to these workers. Each Metro station has a free toilet for use by patrons. Stations also play state radio-broadcasts and have a display of the ''[[Rodong Sinmun]]'' newspaper.

In times of war, the metro stations can serve as [[bomb shelter]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last= Robinson|first= Martin|title= Korea|url= https://archive.org/details/koreakore00robi|url-access= registration|year= 2007|publisher= Lonely Planet|isbn= 978-1-74104-558-1|author2= Bartlett, Ray |author3= Whyte Rob |page= [https://archive.org/details/koreakore00robi/page/364 364]}}</ref> For this purpose the stations are fitted with large steel doors.<ref>{{cite book|last= Springer|first= Chris|title= Pyongyang: the hidden history of the North Korean capital|year= 2003|publisher= Entente Bt|isbn= 978-963-00-8104-7|page= 125}}</ref> Some sources claim that large military installations are connected to the stations,<ref>{{cite news|last= Min|first= Park Hyun|title= Pyongyang Subway Submerged in Water|url= http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00400&num=2546|newspaper= [[Daily NK]]|date= August 20, 2007|access-date= 20 April 2009|archive-date= 11 December 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171211184634/http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00400&num=2546|url-status= live}}</ref> and also that there exist secret lines solely for government use.<ref name=inc/><ref>{{cite news|title= Kim Jong-il 'Has Secret Underground Escape Route'|url= http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html|newspaper= The Chosun Ilbo|date= March 1, 2011|access-date= 28 February 2011|archive-date= 11 March 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110311071718/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html|url-status= live}}</ref>

One station, Kwangmyŏng, has been closed since 1995 due to the [[Kumsusan Memorial Palace|mausoleum of Kim Il-sung]] being located at that station. Trains do not stop at that station.

The map of the Hyŏksin line shows two additional stations after [[Kwangbok Station|Kwangbok]]: [[Yongung Station|Yŏngung]] ({{korean|영웅|labels=no}}) and [[Chilgol Station (Hyoksin Line)|Ch'ilgol]] ({{korean|칠골|labels=no}}), both of them reportedly under development. The map of the Chollima Line, on the other hand, shows four additional stations, two at each end of the line—[[Ryonmot Station|Ryŏnmot]] ({{korean|련못|labels=no}}), [[Sopo Station (Chollima Line)|Sŏp'o]] ({{korean|서포|labels=no}}), [[Chongchun Station|Ch'ŏngch'un]] ({{korean|청춘|labels=no}}) and [[Mangyongdae Station|Man'gyŏngdae]] ({{korean|만경대|labels=no}})—also planned or under development. However, the most recent maps omit these stations.<ref name=":0" /> The Chollima line is already connected to the [[Korean State Railway|State Railway]] [[Sopo station]] on the way to the metro depot, and plans of the metro seem to suggest that the non-commercial segment of this line would be eventually part of the metro system.<ref name="平壌地下鉄 千里馬線"/> However, the current tunnel exit does not allow for this, as this segment does not have third rail electrification, and is locomotive hauled by the GKD5B shunters and would require negotiating a switchback.

In addition to the main system for passenger use, there is allegedly an extra system for government use, similar to [[Moscow]]'s [[Metro-2]]. The secret Pyongyang system supposedly connects important government locations.<ref name="metrostats">{{cite web|title=The Pyongyang Metro: Statistics|url=http://www.pyongyang-metro.com/metrostats.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130191827/http://www.pyongyang-metro.com/metrostats.html|archive-date=30 January 2016|access-date=13 June 2016|work=pyongyang-metro.com|df=dmy-all}}</ref> There is also reportedly a massive underground plaza for mobilization, as well as an underground road connecting two metro stations.<ref>{{cite web | title= Mammoth Underground Square and Road in Pyongyang |publisher= Digital Chosunilbo (English Edition) : Daily News in English About Korea | archive-date= 2005-02-07 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050207124731/http://www.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200107/200107220170.html |url= http://www.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200107/200107220170.html | access-date= 2016-06-13}}</ref>

==Rolling stock==
[[File:VOA - North Korea trip.theora.ogv|thumb|left|thumbtime=1:51|[[Voice of America|VOA]] report showing a ride on the former West German U-Bahn cars in 2013]]

When operations on the Metro started in the 1970s, newly built [[DK4]] passenger cars were used, made for North Korea by the Chinese firm [[CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles|Changchun Railway Vehicles]].

Some of the Chinese-made rolling stock have been observed operating near the Sinuiju area and northern regions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－車両紹介|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetrocar.html|access-date=2020-07-19|website=2427junction.com|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720035630/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetrocar.html|url-status=live|language=ja}}</ref>

[[File:People in Pyongyang Metro 01.JPG|thumb|right|upright|North Koreans riding the Pyongyang Metro in 2012. The portraits above the door are of former leaders [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]].]]

Since 1997, the Pyongyang Metro has mainly used former German rolling stock from the [[Berlin U-Bahn]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=January 29, 2019|title=The Pyongyang Metro {{!}} North Korea Travel Guide|url=https://koryogroup.com/travel-guide/north-korea-guide-the-pyongyang-metro|access-date=August 18, 2021|website=[[Koryo Tours]]}}</ref>

The former Berlin trainsets were given a new red and cream livery in Pyongyang.<ref name=":4" /> All advertising was removed and replaced by portraits of leaders, [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]]. In 2000, a BBC reporter saw "old East German trains complete with their original German graffiti".<ref name=BBCmetro>{{cite web | author=Lister, Richard | title=Life in Pyongyang | publisher=BBC News | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/995692.stm | date=October 8, 2000 | access-date=9 October 2006 | archive-date=7 November 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107062808/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/995692.stm | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Koryo Tours]] in another article write about and show the old West-Berlin [[BVG Class D|D-trains]], suggesting that the BBC article could have mixing them up with the [[BVG Class G|Class GI]] of East Berlin.<ref name=":4" /> After about 2006, Type D cars were mainly used. The [[BVG Class G|Class GI]] rolling stock has been banned from underground tunnel operations due to frequent control stand fires and was withdrawn from Metro service in 2001, and those cars are now operating on the railway network around Pyongyang and northern regions as commuter trains.<ref>{{cite web| title=Metro News| publisher=pyongyangmetro.com| url=http://www.pyongyangmetro.com/metronews.html| year=2006| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928201240/http://www.pyongyangmetro.com/metronews.html| archive-date=28 September 2007| df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Photo: Anju — S-bahn; Pyongyang — Underground — Cars|url=https://transphoto.org/photo/638543/|access-date=2020-10-23|website=transphoto.org}}</ref> One Type D metro car appears to have been converted into a [[departmental vehicle]], with a subsequently installed second driver's cab at the car's back next to the inter carriage door. The metro car is painted in yellow with red warning trims.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－D型|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721012907/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html|archive-date=21 July 2020|access-date=2020-07-19|website=2427junction.com|language=ja}}</ref>

In 2015, [[Kim Jong Un]] rode a newly manufactured four car train set which was reported to have been developed and built at [[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]] in North Korea,<ref>{{cite web |author=North Korea Leadership Watch |url=https://nkleadershipwatch.wordpress.com/2015/11/19/kim-jong-un-rides-the-py-subway/ |title=Kim Jong Un Rides the PY Subway |date=19 November 2015 |access-date=12 December 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190324/https://nkleadershipwatch.wordpress.com/2015/11/19/kim-jong-un-rides-the-py-subway/ |url-status=live }}</ref> although the cars appeared to be significantly renovated D-class cars. This set is named 'Underground Electric Vehicle No. 1'. It features a [[VVVF]] control and initially fitted with an [[asynchronous motor]] but later replaced with a [[Permanent magnet motor|permanent magnet synchronous motor]] developed by the Kim Chaek University of Technology. It usually runs on the [[Chollima Line]] but has also run on the [[Hyoksin Line]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－地下電動車1号（100形）|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc4.html|access-date=2020-09-09|website=2427junction.com|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720040545/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc4.html|url-status=live|language=ja}}</ref>

As a gift to the [[8th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea]], it is reported that the [[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]] are working to complete new metro cars, promoted by the 80 day campaign.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=11 December 2020|script-title=ko:지하전동차생산이 마감단계에서 추진되고있다|trans-title=Underground electric vehicle production is being promoted at the closing stage.|url=https://dprktoday.com/news/49529|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220000000/https://dprktoday.com/news/49529|archive-date=2020-12-20|access-date=2020-12-20|website=dprktoday.com|language=ko}} [https://kcnawatch.org/newstream/1607760147-871443616/%ec%a7%80%ed%95%98%ec%a0%84%eb%8f%99%ec%b0%a8%ec%83%9d%ec%82%b0%ec%9d%b4-%eb%a7%88%ea%b0%90%eb%8b%a8%ea%b3%84%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%ec%b6%94%ec%a7%84%eb%90%98%ea%b3%a0%ec%9e%88%eb%8b%a4/ Alt URL].</ref> However, in the [[Korean Central News Agency]] article summarising the eighty day campaign, there was no mention of any new vehicles being produced.<ref>{{Cite web|title=KCNA reports on successful conclusion of 80-day campaign|agency=KCNA|url=http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=36794|access-date=2021-01-18|website=The Pyongyang Times}}</ref> Previously, it was reported that a 4-door set was to be manufactured to mainly run on the Hyoksin line, to be named Underground Electric Vehicle No. 2.<ref name=":2" /> Another news report stated that Kim Chong-tae Locomotive Works was organising the serial production of the Underground Electric Vehicle Type 1 for the 80 day campaign and mentioned the construction of the car body. However, although this was a goal of the 80 day campaign, a new set has yet to be built.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=김종태전기기관차련합기업소 지하전동차생산 마감단계에서 추진|url=http://arirangmeari.com/index.php?t=news&no=15433|access-date=2021-09-01|website=arirangmeari.com|archive-date=5 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005154111/http://arirangmeari.com/index.php?t=news&no=15433|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Image
!Type
!Maximum Speed
!Traction
!Built
!Manufacturer
!Country of Origin
!No. of Cars
!Number Range
!Disposition
!Notes
|-
|[[File:Ex_pyongyang_metro.JPG|frameless]]
|'''[[DK4]]'''
|80&nbsp;km/h<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|last=蒋克选, 王焕章|date=1982|title=DK4型地下铁道电动客车 (上)|journal=铁道车辆|volume=1982 - 9th|pages=42–49}}</ref>
|Camshaft variable resistor control, 76 kWh max output per motor, total 304 kWh. Designed to run on 750 volts.<ref name=":7" />
|1973-1978
|[[CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles|CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles]]
|[[China]]
|112 cars   provided to North Korea by September 1978.<ref name="JilinShengzhipp444–445" />
|001 to 1xx
|Set beginning with 001 is likely retained as a special vehicle<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang's Transport of Delight|url=http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/steam/trains/nkorea05.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030320035004/http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/steam/trains/nkorea05.htm|archive-date=Mar 20, 2003}}</ref>
|Derivative of the [[Beijing Subway]]'s DK3 Series.

Some units converted into [[Rolling stock of the Korean State Railway#Electric multiple units|1000 Series trains]] for Korean State Railway services.  Some units can be still seen stored in the metro depot, which are occasionally in service as vintage trains on special occasions and public holidays.
|-
|
|4-axle trailer car
|
|
|
|[[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]]
|[[North Korea]]
|
|2xx
|
|4 axle trailer cars built to lengthen DK4 sets to 3 or 4 cars.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=ja:ピョンヤン市内をゆく（３）～地下鉄に乗るっ！～ {{!}} 長いブログ （旧：ぶらり北朝鮮）|url=https://gamp.ameblo.jp/venus1969/entry-12427078884.html|access-date=2021-06-15|website=gamp.ameblo.jp}}</ref>
|-
|{{center|[https://web.archive.org/web/20160130191843im_/http://www.pyongyang-metro.com/bvg.jpeg Image]}}
|'''[[BVG Class G|G]]''' "Gisela"
|70&nbsp;km/h
|[[Contactor|Contactor Control]]
|1978-1983
Bought in 1996<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang, Metro (Berlin numbers) — Roster|url=https://transphoto.org/list.php?did=2513|access-date=2021-09-07|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>
|[[LEW Hennigsdorf]]
|[[East Germany|GDR]]
|120
|5xx - 6xx
|Retired in 2001
|Ex-BVG trains from the [[Berlin U-Bahn]] bought second-hand in 1996

Most converted into [[Rolling stock of the Korean State Railway#Electric multiple units|500 Series trains]] for Korean State Railway services after the trains were banned from operating in underground tunnels due to frequent and severe control stand fires.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021|reason=There is a lack of information on this.}}
|-
|{{center|1=[https://transphoto.org/photo/1103280/?gid=4921 Image]}}
|'''Jaju-ho''' (self-reliance type)
|Unknown
|Unknown
(possibly Resistor Control)
|Unknown (before 1974)
|[[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]] 
|[[North Korea]]
|Unknown
|? 
|Unknown 
|Prototype train. 
Rode by [[Kim Jong Il]]  in 1974 but is no longer in service and said to be stored in the Pyongyang Metro museum.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=ja:鉄道省革命事績館|trans-title=Korean State Railway Museum|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkreportcs.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630134032/http://www.2427junction.com/dprkreportcs.html|archive-date=30 June 2020|access-date=2020-09-09|website=2427junction.com|language=ja}}</ref>
|-
|
|'''Yonggwang-ho''' (glory type)
|
|
|
|[[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]]
|
|
|415
|
|A model of the 3 door version exists in the metro museum, numbered 415.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=ja:画像ギャラリー {{!}} 北朝鮮にあるもうひとつの「鉄道博物館」 平壌地下鉄建設の功績をたたえた施設とは？|url=https://trafficnews.jp/photo/109150|access-date=2021-10-26|script-website=ja:乗りものニュース|language=ja}}</ref>
Seen in a 1995 news report, coupled to DK4 cars.<ref name=":9" />
|-
|[[File:Pyongyang_subway_train.jpg|frameless]]
|'''[[BVG Class D|D]]''' "Dora"
|70&nbsp;km/h
|Contactor Control
|1958-1965
Bought in 1999<ref name=":8" />
|[[Orenstein & Koppel|O&K]], DWM, [[AEG (German company)|AEG]], [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]]
|[[West Germany|FRG]]
|220 known carriages, although only 132 were recorded to be in service.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BVG D — Roster|url=https://transphoto.org/list.php?mid=4349|access-date=2021-09-07|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>
|7xx, 8xx and 9xx
|In service
|Ex-BVG<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Traveling through North Korea {{!}} DW Documentary |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3zzPk-k4Xaw |language=en |access-date=2022-12-27}}</ref> trains from the [[Berlin U-Bahn]] bought second-hand in 1998.
Some class D sets have a next stop indicator installed.<ref name=":3" />
|-
|{{center|[http://www.zacliu.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/GKD5B.jpg Image]}}
|'''GKD5B'''
|45&nbsp;km/h<ref>{{Cite web|title=GKD5B Diesel-electric Locomotive (Exported to North Korea)|url=http://www.zacliu.com/20101118/gkd5b/}}</ref>
|12V135Z Diesel engine
|1996-1997<ref>{{cite journal|last1=李炳华|script-title=zh:大连机车车辆厂为朝鲜地铁工程提供GKD5型调车内燃机车|url=http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/LRJX199701016.htm|url-status=live|language=zh|issue=1997年第01期|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807014550/http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/LRJX199701016.htm|archive-date=7 August 2016|access-date=15 February 2016|script-journal=zh:内燃机车}}</ref>
|[[CNR Dalian]]
|[[China]]
|2
|
|In service
|Diesel-electric shunting locomotives, used to haul metro trains under overhead electrification section from tunnel portal to depot.
|-
|[[File:Pyongyang Metro - 03.jpg|frameless]]
|'''Underground Electric Vehicle No. 1'''
|Unknown
|[[Insulated-gate bipolar transistor|IGBT]]-[[Variable-frequency drive|VVVF]] Inverter and [[Synchronous motor#Permanent-magnet|PMSM]] motors
|2015<ref name=":2" />
|[[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]] (with Chinese-built components)
|[[North Korea]]
|8 
(2 sets)
|1xx (101 to 108)
|Unknown 
|<ref name=":6" />
|}
{{Clear}}

==Tourism==
{{multiple image|image1=Pyongyang metro station 1.jpg|image2=Pyongyang Metro Ceiling.jpg|footer=Before 2010, tourists were only allowed to travel between [[Puhŭng Station]] (left) and [[Yŏnggwang Station]] (right), sparking a conspiracy theory that the two stations comprised the entire system.}}
In general, [[tourism in North Korea]] is allowed only in guided groups with no diversion allowed from pre-planned itineraries. Foreign tourists used to be allowed to travel only between [[Puhŭng Station]] and [[Yŏnggwang Station]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Burdick|first=Eddie|title=Three Days in the Hermit Kingdom: An American Visits North Korea|year=2010|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-4898-2|page=57}}</ref> However, foreign students were allowed to freely use the entire metro system.<ref>{{Cite book|author = Abt, Felix | title=A Capitalist in North Korea: My Seven Years in the Hermit Kingdom| publisher = Tuttle Publishing| year = 2014 | pages = 226 | isbn = 9780804844390 }}</ref> Since 2010, tourists have been allowed to ride the metro at six stations,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://testroete.com/northkorea.html|title=North Korea|work=testroete.com|access-date=31 December 2011|archive-date=7 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107231845/http://testroete.com/northkorea.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2014, all of the metro stations were opened to foreigners. University students traveling with the Pyongyang Project have also reported visiting every station.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_N_Lc6tjI0 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/P_N_Lc6tjI0 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Pyongyang metro - 6 stops visited in April 2014|date=25 April 2014|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

{{As of|2014}}, it is possible for tourists on special Public Transport Tours to take metro rides through both lines, including visits to all stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pyongyang-travel.com/public-transport-tours.html|title=Public Transport Tours - Information Page|author=Pyongyang Travel|work=pyongyang-travel.com|access-date=14 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415094545/http://www.pyongyang-travel.com/public-transport-tours.html|archive-date=15 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> In April 2014, the first tourist group visited stations on both metro lines, and it is expected that such extended visits to both metro lines will remain possible for future tourist groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/|title=Tourists granted rare access to nearly all stations on Pyongyang metro network|work=nknews.org|date=2 May 2014|access-date=2 May 2014|archive-date=2 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502230405/http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The previously limited tourist access gave rise to a [[conspiracy theory]] that the metro was purely for show. It was claimed that it only consisted of two stops and that the passengers were actors.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://travel.cnn.com/touring-north-korea-whats-real-whats-fake-487216 |title=Touring North Korea: What's real, what's fake? |author=Kate Whitehead |newspaper=CNN |date=13 September 2013 |access-date=21 September 2014 |archive-date=24 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924041304/http://travel.cnn.com/touring-north-korea-whats-real-whats-fake-487216 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/ |title=Tourists granted rare access to nearly all stations on Pyongyang metro network |author=Hamish Macdonald |newspaper=NK News |date=2 May 2014 |access-date=2 May 2014 |archive-date=2 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502230405/http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/13/mythbusters-uncovering-the-truth-about-north-korea-cannabis-metro |title=Mythbusters: uncovering the truth about North Korea |author=Maeve Shearlaw |newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 May 2014 |access-date=16 December 2016 |archive-date=6 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606114703/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/13/mythbusters-uncovering-the-truth-about-north-korea-cannabis-metro |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{Clear}}

===Museum===
Pyongyang Metro has its own museum. A large portion of the collection is related to President [[Kim Il Sung]] providing "[[on-the-spot guidance]]" to the workers constructing the system. Among the exhibits are a special [[funicular]]-like vehicle which the president used to descend to a station under construction (it rode down the inclined tunnels that would eventually be used by the escalators), and a [[railbus]] in which he rode around the system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com/2008/09/demilitarized-zone.html|script-title=ko:The forbidden railway: Vienna - Pyongyang 윈 - 모스크바 - 두만강 - 평양|work=vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com|date=23 September 2008|access-date=20 January 2013|archive-date=21 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121074147/http://vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com/2008/09/demilitarized-zone.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/FxjNF8ebN1g Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20150630121719/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxjNF8ebN1g Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxjNF8ebN1g| title = Pyongyang Metro Museum | website=[[YouTube]]| date = 3 August 2010 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> The museum also has a map of the planned lines; it shows the Chollima and Hyoksin line terminating at a common station near Chilgol, the third line that would cross the Taedong River, eventually terminating near Rakrang and the locations of the depots, one far past the western terminus of the Hyoksin line and the depot in Sopo for the Chollima line.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang — Metro museum|url=https://transphoto.org/articles/3893/|access-date=2021-03-19|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Pyongyang Metro September 2015 04.jpg|Mural at [[Puhŭng Station]] entrance
File:Laika ac Pyongyang Metro (7953414514).jpg|Staff in a military-style uniform
File:Public newspaper reading stand in Pyongyang metro 3.jpg|A public newspaper display on a platform
File:Pyongyang Metro (11360664053).jpg|A statue of [[Kim Il Sung]] at [[Kaesŏn Station]]
File:Ponghwa Station. Pyongyang Metro, North Korea..jpg|[[Socialist realism|Socialist realist]] mural at [[Ponghwa Station]]
File:Pyongyang Metro September 2015 05.jpg|9 September 2015 newspaper at Puhŭng Station
File:Pyongyang Metro September 2015 02.jpg|Escalators at Puhŭng Station
File:Pyongyang Metro September 2015 09.jpg|{{nowrap|Chandelier}} at [[Yŏnggwang Station|{{nowrap|Yŏnggwang}} {{nowrap|Station}}]]
File:Pyongyang Metro September 2015 06.jpg|Mural at Puhŭng Station
File:Pyongyang Metro September 2015 11.jpg|Pyongyang Metro map at Kaesŏn Station
File:Subway ticket (33139722795).jpg|Pyongyang Metro ticket
</gallery>

== Network map ==
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid   = Q80872
| frame-lat    = 39.04
| frame-long   = 125.73
| frame-width  = 750
| frame-height = 470
| zoom         = 12
| length       = yes
}}

==See also==
{{Portal|North Korea|Trains}}
*[[Trams in Pyongyang]]
*[[Rail transport in North Korea]]

==References==

===Notes===
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
*''Pyongyang Metro'', Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1980

==Further reading==
*{{cite web |url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html |title=Kim Jong-il 'Has Secret Underground Escape Route' |date=9 December 2009 |website=[[The Chosun Ilbo]] |access-date=12 December 2015}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.asiapress.org/rimjingang/english/report/2011-12-16/ |title=Inspection At The Metro Station Entrance - "No Shabby Cloths, No Large Luggage!" |author=Gu Gwang-ho |date=June 2011 |website=[[Rimjingang]] |access-date=12 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130303163832/http://www.asiapress.org/rimjingang/english/report/2011-12-16/ |archive-date=3 March 2013 |url-status=dead }}
*Daniel Edelson, [https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4695663,00.html An Israeli's journey to North Korea]. Ynet. 30 August 2015.

==External links==
{{Commons and category|Pyongyang Metro|Pyongyang Metro}}
*[http://www.tourismdprk.gov.kp/index.php/c_thematic?lang=en&mu_idx=4&idx=7 TOURS BY PUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONS - DPR Korea Tour] {{In lang|en}}
*[http://www.tourismdprk.gov.kp/index.php/c_thematic?lang=en&mu_idx=4&idx=13 TRAFFIC FANS TOUR - DPR Korea Tour] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111173605/http://www.tourismdprk.gov.kp/index.php/c_thematic?lang=en&mu_idx=4&idx=13 |date=11 January 2021 }} {{In lang|en}}
*[http://www.wesleyc.com/kr/metro/ 평양지하철 비공식 홈페이지] {{In lang|ko}}
*[http://www.2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetro.html 平壌地下鉄 - 西船junctionどっと混む] {{In lang|ja}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130106024022/http://www.urbanrail.net/as/pyon/pyongyang.htm Pyongyang Metro - UrbanRail.Net (Wayback Machine)] {{In lang|en}}
*[https://www.stevegongphoto.com/Stories/Pyongyang-Underground/ Pyongyang Metro - Steve Gong • Photo | Video] {{In lang|en}}
*[http://www.cityrailtransit.com/maps/pyongyang_map.htm Pyongyang Real Distance Metro Map] {{In lang|en}}
*[https://www.earthnutshell.com/stopping-all-stations-the-pyongyang-metro/ Photos of all Metro stations] {{In lang|en}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6KVB02pDBI Video of all Metro stations] {{In lang|en}}

{{Pyongyang Metro}}
{{Rapid transit in Asia}}

[[Category:Pyongyang Metro| ]]
[[Category:Transport in Pyongyang|Metro]]
[[Category:Rapid transit in North Korea]]
[[Category:Underground rapid transit in North Korea]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge railways in North Korea]]
[[Category:1973 establishments in North Korea]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1973]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]