Editing Qianlima

{{Short description|Mythical horse in Chinese mythology}}
{{redirect|Chollima}}
{{Infobox Chinese
|pic=
|picsize=
|piccap=
|s={{linktext|千里马}}
|t={{linktext|千里馬}}
|p=qiānlǐmǎ
|w=chʻien{{sup|1}}-li{{sup|3}}-ma{{sup|3}}
|l=thousand [[li (unit)|li]] horse
|mi={{IPAc-cmn|q|ian|1|l|i|2|m|a|3}}
|kanji=千里馬
|kana=せんりま{{-}}チョンリマ
|romaji=senrima{{-}}chonrima
|hangul=천리마
|hanja=千里馬
|rr=cheollima
|mr=ch'ŏllima
|qn=thiên lý mã
|hn=千里馬
|northkorea=yes
}}
The '''''qianlima''''' ({{IPAc-cmn|q|ian|1|l|i|2|m|a|3}}; also '''''chollima''''' or '''''cheollima''''' in Korean, and '''''senrima''''' in Japanese; {{literally|thousand-li horse}}) is a mythical horse that originates from the [[Chinese classics]] and is commonly portrayed in East Asian mythology. The winged horse is said to be too swift and elegant to be mounted by any mortal man and is named after its ability to travel one thousand [[li (unit)|li]] in a single day.

Since the 3rd century BCE, the ''qianlima'' was used as a metaphor for exceptionally talented people and animals, such as [[Red Hare]]. The ''chollima'' is an important symbol in [[North Korea]] and is the namesake of the [[Chollima Movement]]. 

==China==
Beginning around the 3rd century BCE, [[Chinese classics]] mention [[Bole (mythology)|Bole]], a mythological horse-tamer, as an [[wikt:exemplar|exemplar]] of horse judging. Bole is frequently associated with the fabled ''qianlima'' ({{zh|t=千里馬}}) "thousand-''miles'' horse", which was supposedly able to gallop one thousand ''[[Li (unit)|li]]'' (approximately 400&nbsp;km) in a single day (e.g. [[Red Hare]], [[Ferghana horse|sweats blood horse]]). ''Qianlima'' was a [[Classical Chinese|literary Chinese]] word for people with latent talent and ability; and Spring (1988:180) suggests, "For centuries of Chinese history, horses had been considered animals capable of performing feats requiring exceptional strength and endurance.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Fabulous Horses and Worthy Scholars in Ninth-Century China|first=Madeline K.|last=Spring|year=1988|journal=T'oung Pao|volume=74 |issue=74.4/5|pages=173–210|doi=10.1163/156853288X00013 }}</ref> Possibly it is for this reason that from early times horses have been used allegorically to represent extraordinary people." Bole recognizing a ''qianlima'' was a metaphor for a wise ruler selecting talented ''shi'' "[[scholar-officials]]". Thus, (Henry 1987:28) "Geniuses in obscurity were called thousand ''li'' horses who had not yet met their [Bole]".<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Eric|last=Henry|title=The Motif of Recognition in Early China|journal=Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies|volume=47 | issue = 1|year=1987|pages=5–30 [28]|doi=10.2307/2719156|jstor=2719156 }}</ref>

==Japan==
[[Keitoku Senrima]] (Kim Ge-dok), a professional [[middleweight]] boxer in Japan, uses the [[stage name]] "Senrima" (the Japanese form of Qianlima/Chollima) to reference North Korea's Chollima campaigns and thereby express his [[Zainichi Korean]] heritage.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Endless Punchers: Body, Narrative, and Performance in the World of Japanese Boxing|first=Lauren Seth|last=Goodman|author-link=Loren Goodman|year=2006|page=442}}</ref>

==North Korea==
[[File:Chollima statue 05.JPG|thumb|The [[Chollima Statue]] in Pyongyang symbolizes the advance of Korean society at the speed of the Chollima]]
The ''chollima'' is an important symbol in [[North Korea]]. It is used as the nickname of [[North Korea national football team|its national association football team]]. The state also gave the name to the [[Chollima Movement]], which promoted fast economic development, similar to that of the Chinese [[Great Leap Forward]] and the Soviet [[Stakhanovite movement]]. After the [[Korean War]], the country required rebuilding to function again. In order to expedite the construction, President [[Kim Il Sung]] devised the slogan "rush at the speed of ''chollima''".

Several statues are found of this creature in [[Pyongyang]], the capital of North Korea. The [[Chollima Statue]] symbolizes "heroism, the constant, fighting spirit of the Korean people, and the innovations and advance so quickly, at the speed of the ''chollima''". A notable one can be found near {{ill|Mansu Hill|ko|만수대}}, which was finished on 15 April 1961. It stands roughly 46 meters high and 16 meters long, measured from the pavement to the top of the Red Letter of the [[Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea]] representing the working class.

== See also ==
* [[Horse in Chinese mythology]]
* [[Buraq]]

* [[Longma]]

* [[Pegasus]]
* [[Tianma]]
* [[Tulpar]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Heraldic creatures}}
{{National symbols of North Korea}}

[[Category:Chinese legendary creatures]]
[[Category:East Asian mythology]]
[[Category:Korean legendary creatures]]
[[Category:Mythological horses]]
[[Category:Winged horses]]
[[Category:Horses in Chinese mythology]]