Editing Rainstick

{{Short description|South American percussion instrument}}
[[File:Cactus rain sticks.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Traditional cactus rainsticks]]
{{Infobox instrument
| name                  = Chilean Rainstick
| image                 = Rainstick.ogg
| image_capt            =sound of a rainstick
| classification        =[[percussion instrument]]
| hornbostel_sachs      = 112.13+133.1
| hornbostel_sachs_desc =vessel rattle with friction
| inventors             =Multiple possible origins: best known is the Mapuche design; similar instruments in Southeast Asia, Africa and Australia
| related               =[[Hosho (instrument)|Hosho]], [[Maracas]], [[Vibraslap]]
}}

A '''rainstick''' is a long, hollow tube of bamboo or dried cactus that is partially filled with small pebbles, rice, dried beans, or other hard granular matter.<ref name="g">{{Cite Q|Q124369427|chapter=Rainstick}}</ref> The inside surface of the tube has small pins or thorns arranged [[helix|helically]]. When the stick is rotated and held upright, the pebbles fall to the other end of the tube, bouncing off the internal protrusions to create a sound reminiscent of falling rain.<ref>{{cite book |last=Holland |first=James |title=Practical Percussion: A Guide to the Instruments and Their Sources |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2003 |location=Lanham, Maryland, US |isbn=978-0-8108-5658-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vMq9ZNZQMNwC&dq=%22egg%20shaker%22%20percussion%20instrument&pg=PP1 |page=38}}</ref> 

In South America, rainsticks are believed to have been invented by the [[Mapuche|Mapuche,]] and was played in the belief it could bring about rainstorms. It was also found further north on the coasts of [[Chile]], potentially having also been used by the [[Inca Empire|Incas]]. Mapuche rainsticks are usually made from any of several species of [[cactus]] such as ''[[Eulychnia acida]]'' and ''[[Echinopsis pachanoi]]''. The cacti, which are hollow, are dried in the sun. The spines are removed, then driven into the cactus like nails. Pebbles or other small objects are placed inside the rainsticks, and the ends are sealed.

Variants of the instrument can also be found in [[Southeast Asia]], [[Central Asia]], [[Australia]] and [[Africa]], where it was developed independently, and is often made using bamboo rather than dried cactus.

Rainsticks may also be made with common household materials like paper towel rolls instead of cactus, and nails or toothpicks instead of thorns, and they are often sold to tourists visiting parts of [[Latin America]] and also the Southwestern United States (which has a history of Spanish and Mexican cultural influence).

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Exploratorium Article Make your own rainstick
* "The Rain Golden Stick" <nowiki>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Sb7OfXGhUE</nowiki>
* Moseley, Christine, and Carmen Fies. "Rainsticks: Integrating Culture, Folklore, and the Physics of Sound." Science Activities 44.1 (2007): 2-5. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 27 Sept. 2011.
* Nugent, Jeff. "Permaculture Plants, agaves and cacti" SARI Sept 2011

{{Friction idiophones}}
{{Shaken idiophones}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Individual friction vessels]]
[[Category:Hand percussion]]
[[Category:South American percussion instruments]]
[[Category:Unpitched percussion instruments]]
[[Category:Toy instruments and noisemakers]]


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