Editing Richard Corben

{{Short description|American illustrator and comic book artist (1940–2020)}}
{{More footnotes|date=December 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox comics creator
| image         = Richard corben at his studio.jpg
| imagesize     = 250
| caption       = Corben working on the cover for <br>''Jeremy Brood #1: Relativity'' (1982)
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = {{birth date|1940|11|01}}
| birth_place   = [[Anderson, Missouri]], U.S.
| death_date    = {{death date and age|2020|12|02|1940|10|01}}
| death_place   =
| nationality   = American
| cartoonist    =
| write         = y
| art           = y
| pencil        = y
| ink           = y
| edit          = y
| publish       = y
| letter        = y
| color         = y
| alias         = Gore, Corb, Harvey Sea
| notable works = ''[[Den (comics)|Den]]'', ''[[Bloodstar]]'', ''[[Rip in Time]]'', ''[[Bat Out of Hell]]'' (album cover).
| awards        = {{Plain list|
* [[CINE]] Golden Eagle, 1968
* [[Shazam Award]], 1971, 1973
* Spectrum Grand Master Award, 2009
* [[The Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame]], 2012
* [[Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême]], 2018
}}
| website       ={{url|https://corbenstudios.com/|corbenstudios.com}}
}}

'''Richard Corben''' (November 1, 1940{{snd}}December 2, 2020) was an American illustrator and [[Comic book creator|comic book artist]] best known for his comics featured in ''[[Heavy Metal (magazine)|Heavy Metal]]'' magazine, especially the ''[[Den (comics)|Den]]'' series which was featured in the magazine's first [[Heavy Metal (movie)|film adaptation]] in 1981. He was the winner of the 2009 Spectrum Grand Master Award<ref name="locusmag">[http://www.locusmag.com/News/2009/10/2009-spectrum-grand-master-announced.html 2009 Spectrum Grand Master Announced] from ''[[Locus (magazine)|Locus Online]]''</ref> and the 2018 Grand Prix at Angoulême. In 2012 he was elected to [[the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame]].

==Biography==
Richard Corben was born on a farm<ref name="Balfour, Brad 2001">Balfour, Brad (June 2001). "The Richard Corben Interview, Part 1". Heavy Metal #51: 6–11.</ref> in [[Anderson, Missouri]], and went on to get a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the [[Kansas City Art Institute]], in 1965.<ref>Bharucha, Fershid (1981). Richard Corben: Flights Into Fantasy, page 26. Thumb Tack Books. {{ISBN|978-84-499-1949-7}}.</ref> At the same time, he trained in [[bodybuilding]], but eventually retired from the art with few accomplishments due to a lack of time to dedicate himself to it.<ref name=San>{{Cite book| last1 = Sánchez Rodríguez| first1 = Antonio|title = Fisicoculturismo. Orígenes antropológicos y connotaciones filosóficas| publisher = Midac, SL| year = 2019 | isbn = 9788413241197}}</ref>

After working as a professional animator at Kansas City's Calvin Productions, Corben started writing and illustrating for the [[underground comics]], including ''Grim Wit'', ''[[Slow Death (comics)|Slow Death]]'', ''Skull'', ''Rowlf'', ''Fever Dreams'' and his own anthology ''Fantagor''.<ref>Bharucha, Fershid (1981). Richard Corben: Flights Into Fantasy, page 52-56. Thumb Tack Books. {{ISBN|978-84-499-1949-7}}.</ref> In 1970 he began illustrating horror and science-fiction stories for [[Warren Publishing]].<ref>Bharucha, Fershid (1981). Richard Corben: Flights Into Fantasy, page 92. Thumb Tack Books. {{ISBN|978-84-499-1949-7}}.</ref> His stories appeared in ''[[Creepy (magazine)|Creepy]]'', ''[[Eerie (magazine)|Eerie]]'', ''[[Vampirella]]'', ''[[1984 (magazine)|1984]]'' and ''Comix International''. He also colored several episodes of [[Will Eisner]]'s ''[[Spirit (comics)|Spirit]]''. All the stories and covers he did for ''Creepy'' and ''Eerie'' have been reprinted by Dark Horse Books in a single volume: ''Creepy Presents Richard Corben''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.darkhorse.com/Books/20-025/Creepy-Presents-Richard-Corben-hardcover-collection.|title=Creepy Presents Richard Corben HC :: Profile :: Dark Horse Comics}}</ref> The three stories he drew for ''Vampirella'' have been reprinted by Dynamite Entertainment in ''Vampirella Archives Vol. 5''.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021004334/http://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C1606902253|url=http://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C1606902253|title=VAMPIRELLA ARCHIVES VOL. 5 HC|website=Dynamite Entertainment|access-date=Feb 29, 2024|archive-date=Oct 21, 2013}}</ref>

In 1975, when [[Jean Giraud|Moebius]], [[Philippe Druillet|Druillet]], and [[Jean-Pierre Dionnet]] started publishing the magazine ''[[Métal Hurlant]]'' in France, Corben submitted some of his stories to them.<ref name=interview-1981-pt2 /> He continued his work for the franchise in America, where the magazine was called ''[[Heavy Metal (magazine)|Heavy Metal]]''. Also in 1975, a selection of his black-and-white underground comix stories was collected in hardcover as ''The Richard Corben Funnybook'' from Kansas City's Nickelodeon Press. In 1976 he adapted a short [[Robert E. Howard]] story in an early [[graphic novel]], ''[[Bloodstar]]''.<ref>Seuling, Phil (1975). "The Fantasy Epic: Crearaphic Novel". ''Mediascene'' #16: 8–9.</ref>

Among the stories drawn for ''Heavy Metal'' he continued the saga of his most famous creation, ''[[Den (comics)|Den]]'', which had begun in the short film ''[[Neverwhere (1968)|Neverwhere]]'' and a short story in the underground publication ''Grim Wit'' No. 2. The saga of Den is a fantasy series about the adventures of a young underweight [[nerd]] who travels to Neverwhere, a universe taking inspirational nods from [[Robert E. Howard]]'s [[Hyborian Age]], [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]]'s [[Barsoom]] and [[H. P. Lovecraft]]'s horror dimensions. This story was adapted in a highly abridged form, in the [[animated film]] ''[[Heavy Metal (film)|Heavy Metal]]'', where Den was voiced by [[John Candy]] in a humorous interpretation of the character that Corben found excellent.

Corben's collaborations are varied, ranging from ''[[Rip in Time]]'' with [[Bruce Jones (comics)|Bruce Jones]], to [[Harlan Ellison]] for ''[[Vic and Blood]]'', to the ''Mutant World'' titles, ''Jeremy Brood'', and ''[[The Arabian Nights]]'' with [[Jan Strnad]].

From 1986 to 1994 Corben operated his own publishing imprint, '''Fantagor Press'''. Among the titles Fantagor published were ''Den'', ''Den Saga'', ''Horror in the Dark'', ''[[Rip in Time]]'', and ''Son of Mutant World''. Fantagor went out of business after the 1994 contraction of the comics industry.<ref>{{cite news|department=Newswatch|title=Comics Publishers Suffer Tough Summer: Body Count Rises in Market Shakedown|work=The Comics Journal|number=172 |date=November 1994|pages=13–18}}</ref>

Due to the sexual nature of Corben's art, it has been accused of being [[pornographic]], a description he disagreed with, preferring to call his work "[[sensual]]" instead.<ref name=San/> One notorious example was the interview he gave ''[[Heavy Metal (magazine)|Heavy Metal]]'' editor [[Brad Balfour]] in 1981.<ref name="Balfour, Brad 2001"/><ref name=interview-1981-pt2>{{cite news|date=July 1981|interviewer=Brad Balfour|title=The Richard Corben Interview, Part 2|work=Heavy Metal|number=52|pages=8–14}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|interviewer=Brad Balfour |date=August 1981|title=The Richard Corben Interview, Part 3|magazine=Heavy Metal|number=53|pages=8–13}}</ref> Corben was very dissatisfied with the interview. He felt it portrayed him as a "petty, childish, borderline psychotic oaf". He wrote a letter in retort, which was published in the September 1981 issue.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Richard Corben letter|magazine=Heavy Metal|volume= V|number= 6 |date=September 1981}}</ref>

Corben did the cover of [[Meat Loaf]]'s ''[[Bat Out of Hell]]'', [[Jim Steinman]]'s ''[[Bad for Good]]'' and a [[movie poster]] (based on a layout compositional sketch by [[Neal Adams]]<ref>Adams, Neal (1976). ''The Neal Adams Treasury''. Pure Imagination. Page 36,</ref>) for the [[Brian De Palma]] film ''[[Phantom of the Paradise]]''. In addition, he provided cover art for the VHS release of the low-budget horror film ''Spookies''.

In 2000, Corben collaborated with [[Brian Azzarello]] on five issues of Azzarello's run on ''[[Hellblazer]]'' (146–150) which was collected in a [[trade paperback (comics)|trade]] called ''Hellblazer: Hard Time''.<ref name="vert-hell">{{Cite book | last = Irvine | first = Alex | author-link = Alexander C. Irvine | contribution = John Constantine Hellblazer | editor-last = Dougall  | editor-first = Alastair | title = ''The Vertigo Encyclopedia'' | pages = 102–111 | publisher = [[Dorling Kindersley]] | place = New York | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-7566-4122-1 | oclc = 213309015}}</ref> He also adapted the classic horror story ''[[The House on the Borderland]]'' by [[William Hope Hodgson]] for DC's Vertigo imprint. In 2001, Azzarello and Corben teamed up to create [[Marvel Comics|Marvel]]'s ''[[Startling Stories: Banner]]'' (a four issue mini-series exploring [[Doc Samson]]'s relationship with [[Bruce Banner]]) and [[Marvel MAX]]'s ''[[Luke Cage#MAX|Cage]]'' (a five issue mini-series starring [[Luke Cage]]). In June 2004, Corben joined with [[Garth Ennis]] to produce ''[[The Punisher: The End]]'', a [[One-shot (comics)|one-shot]] title for Marvel published under the [[MAX (comics)|MAX]] imprint as part of Marvel's ''[[The End (comics)|The End]]'' series. The story tells of [[The Punisher]]'s final days on an earth ravaged by [[nuclear holocaust]]. Ever the independent, Corben would work with rocker [[Rob Zombie]] and [[Steve Niles]] in 2005 on a project for [[IDW Publishing]] called ''Bigfoot''. In 2007, Corben did a two issue run on [[Marvel Comics]]' surreal demon biker, ''[[Ghost Rider]]''. At [[Marvel Comics|Marvel]]'s [[MAX (comics)|MAX]] imprint he has produced ''[[Haunt of Horror (MAX)|Haunt of Horror]]'', a [[Limited series (comics)|mini-series]] adapting classic works of horror to comics. The first mini-series, published in 2006, was based on the stories of [[Edgar Allan Poe]]<ref>{{comicbookdb|type=issue|id=41649|title=''Haunt of Horror: Edgar Allan Poe''}}</ref> followed by a second series in 2008 adapting works by [[H. P. Lovecraft]].<ref>[http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=150798 Corben and Lovecraft at Marvel in June] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208054457/http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=150798 |date=December 8, 2008 }}, [[Newsarama]], March 20, 2008</ref> Between 2008 and 2009 he illustrated the flashback sequences in ''Conan of Cimmeria'' #1–7, collected as ''[[Conan (Dark Horse Comics)|Conan]] Volume 7: Cimmeria''. In 2009 he illustrated ''[[Starr the Slayer]]'' for Marvel's MAX comics imprint. Since then Corben has done more work for Marvel, DC, IDW, and most notably Dark Horse, drawing the Eisner Award-winning ''[[Hellboy]]''.

In May 2020, [[Parallax Studio]] announced preproduction on the [[live-action animated film]] ''[[MEAD (film)|MEAD]]'' (originally titled ''To Meet the Faces You Meet'') based on the comic book ''Fever Dreams'' illustrated by Corben and written by Jan Strnad.<ref>{{cite web |last=Osborn |first=Nicholas |title=NEWS WATCH: Parallax Studio launches Kickstarter for new film "To Meet the Faces You Meet" starring Patton Oswalt |work=Comic Watch |date=May 13, 2020 |url=https://comic-watch.com/news/news-watch-parallax-studio-launches-kickstarter-for-new-film-to-meet-the-faces-you-meet-starring-patton-oswalt |access-date=December 3, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Patton Oswalt Joins Corben/Strnad for 'To Meet the Faces You Meet' Movie |journal=[[Heavy Metal (magazine)|Heavy Metal]] |date=May 14, 2020 |url=https://www.heavymetal.com/news/patton-oswalt-joins-corben-strnad-for-to-meet-the-faces-you-meet-movie/ |access-date=December 3, 2020}}</ref> The film stars [[Robert Picardo]] and [[Samuel Hunt (actor)|Samuel Hunt]] and features the voices of [[Patton Oswalt]] and [[Patrick Warburton]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Robert Picardo, Others Join 'To Meet the Faces You Meet' Film Cast |work=Creepy Kingdom |date=September 12, 2020 |url=https://www.creepykingdom.com/post/to-meet-the-faces-you-meet-film-cast |access-date=December 3, 2020}}</ref> ''MEAD'' was premiered at the [[2022 Cannes Film Festival]] on May 22, 2022, and was released for [[Streaming media|streaming]] in North America on August 9, 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vision Films to feature four screenings at the Cannes Film Festival  |work=Señal News |date=May 5, 2022 |url=
https://senalnews.com/en/events/vision-films-to-feature-four-screenings-at-the-cannes-film-festival- |access-date=June 30, 2022}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Corben's wife is named Madonna "Dona" (née Marchant). Corben was the special-effects/animation technician for her prize-winning film entry ''Siegfried Saves Metropolis'' in a contest sponsored by ''[[Famous Monsters of Filmland]]'' magazine in 1964 (see issues #34 and 35). They married soon afterward in 1965.<ref>Keränen, SidSid. [http://www.muuta.net/Ints/IntJanStrnad-B.html "The Jan Strnad Interview, Part 2(2),"] Muuta.net (Mar./Apr. 2001).</ref> They had a daughter, Beth, who is a watercolor painter and often colored her father's comics. 

Corben died on December 2, 2020, following heart surgery. He was 80 years old.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/richard-corben-heavy-metal-artist-dies-at-80|title = Celebrated Heavy Metal, comic book, and album cover artist Richard Corden dies at 80|date = December 10, 2020|work=SyFy|first=Josh|last=Weiss}}</ref>

== Awards ==
Corben's work in comics and animation has won him recognition, including the [[Shazam Awards|Shazam Award]] for Outstanding New Talent in 1971, and a Shazam Award for Superior Achievement by an Individual in 1973. Corben won a 1973 [[Goethe Award (comics)|Goethe Award]] for "Favorite Fan Artist". He also received a [[CINE]] Golden Eagle and President of Japan Cultural Society trophy in 1968 for his short film ''[[Neverwhere (1968)|Neverwhere]]''.<ref>Bharucha, Fershid (1981). ''Richard Corben: Flights Into Fantasy''. Page 44. Thumb Tack Books. {{ISBN|978-84-499-1949-7}}.</ref>

While working for the [[Warren Publishing|Warren]] anthologies, he received numerous Warren Awards: 1973 Best Artist/Writer and Special Award for "Excellence", 1976 Best Art for "Within You, Without You" (''Eerie'' #77) and Best Cover (also for ''Eerie'' #77), and 1978 Best Cover Artist.<ref name="locusmag"/>

In 2009 Corben won the "Best Finite Series/Limited Series" Eisner Award for ''Hellboy: The Crooked Man'' and in 2011 he won the "Best Single Issue (or One-Shot)" Eisner Award, for Hellboy: Double Feature of Evil. Finally, in 2012 he was elected to [[the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame]].

In 2015, Corben was inducted into the Ghastly Awards Hall of Fame. His previous Ghastly Awards include Best Artist in 2013 and Best One-shot Comics for his Dark Horse Poe adaptations... Edgar Allan Poe's The Conqueror Worm in 2012, Edgar Allan Poe: The Raven & The Red Death (2013) and Edgar Allan Poe's Morella and the Murders in the Rue Morgue in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghastlyawards.com/p/winners-and-nominees.html|title = Ghastly Awards – Don't be an Amber Ghastly awards}}</ref>

In January 2018 he won the prestigious [[Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême|Grand Prix]] at [[Angoulême International Comics Festival|Angoulême]] and presidency of the 2019 festival.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lepoint.fr/pop-culture/bandes-dessinees/richard-corben-la-belle-surprise-du-grand-prix-d-angouleme-2018--24-01-2018-2189403_2922.php|title = Richard Corben, la belle surprise du Grand Prix d'Angoulême 2018|date = January 24, 2018}}</ref> Beginning concurrently with the 2019 festival in January, a 250-piece collection of his original artworks was put on display at the Musée d'Angoulême, the exhibit ending March 10, 2019.

==See also==
* ''[[Rip in Time]]''
* ''[[Bloodstar]]''
* ''[[A Boy and His Dog]]''
* ''[[Heavy Metal (magazine)|Heavy Metal Magazine]]''

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book
| last = Corben
| first = Richard
| author2 = Alan Moore (Introduction)
| year = 2000
| title = The House on the Borderland
| publisher = DC Comics
| isbn = 978-1-56389-545-6
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Corben
| first = Richard
| year = 1977
| title = The Odd World of Richard Corben. A Warren Adult Fantasy Publication.
| publisher = Warren Publishing Co.
| isbn = 978-2-913999-01-5
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Corben
| first = Richard
| author2 = Moebius (preface)
| year = 2001
| title = Den La Quete, tome 2
| publisher = Toth
| isbn = 978-84-85138-21-0
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Balfour
| first = Brad
| title = The Richard Corben Interview, Part 1
| journal = Heavy Metal
| issue=51
|date=June 1981
| pages = 6–11
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Balfour
| first = Brad
| title = The Richard Corben Interview, Part 2
| journal = Heavy Metal
| issue=52
|date=July 1981
| pages = 8–14
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Bharucha
| first = Fershid
| year = 1981
| title = Richard Corben: Flights Into Fantasy
| publisher = Thumb Tack Books
| isbn = 978-84-499-1949-7
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Bissette
| first = Stephen R.
|author2=Wiater, Stanley
| year = 1993
| title = Comic Book Rebels: Conversations with the Creators of New Comics
| url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781556113543
| url-access = registration
| publisher = Donald I. Fine, Inc.
| isbn = 978-1-55611-354-3
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Garriock
| first = P. R.
| year = 1978
| title =  Masters of Comic Book Art
| publisher =  Morpheus International
| isbn = 978-0-9623447-6-3
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Giger
| first =  H. R.
| year = 1993
| title =  Necronomicon II
| publisher =  Aurum Press, Ltd.
| isbn = 978-0-905664-05-7
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Horn
| author-link1=Maurice Horn
| first = Maurice
| year = 1985
| title =  Sex in the Comics
| publisher =  Chelsea House Publishers
| isbn = 978-0-87754-850-8
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kurtzman
| first = Harvey
| year = 1991
| title = From Aargh to Zap!Harvey Kurtzman's Visual History of the Comics
| publisher = Prentice Hall Press
| isbn = 978-0-13-363680-2
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Richardson
| first = John Adkins
| year = 1977
| title =  The Complete Book of Cartooning
| url = https://archive.org/details/completebookofca00rich
| url-access = registration
| publisher =  Prentice-Hall, Inc.
| isbn = 0-13-157594-5
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Sackmann
| first = Eckart
| year = 1987
| title =  Great Masters of Fantasy Art
| publisher =  Parkwest Pubns
| isbn = 978-3-89268-008-6
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Oliver
| first = Agustín
| year = 2004
| title =  Richard Corben (Un rebelde tranquilo)
| publisher =  Sinsentido
| isbn = 978-84-95634-51-1
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Van Hise
| first = James
| year = 1989
| title = How to Draw Art for Comic Books: Lessons from the Masters
| publisher = Pioneer Books, Inc.
| isbn = 978-1-55698-254-5
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Adams
| first = Neal
| year = 1976
| title = The Neal Adams Treasury
| publisher = Pure Imagination
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Balfour
| first = Brad
| title = The Richard Corben Interview, Part 1
| journal = Heavy Metal
| issue=51
|date=June 2001
| pages = 6–11
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Balfour
| first = Brad
| title = The Richard Corben Interview, Part 2
| journal = Heavy Metal
| issue=52
|date=July 2001
| pages = 8–14
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Balfour
| first = Brad
| title = The Richard Corben Interview, Part 3
| journal = Heavy Metal
| issue=53
|date=August 2001
| pages = 8–13
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Bharucha
| first = Fershid
| year = 1981
| title = Richard Corben: Flights Into Fantasy
| publisher = Thumb Tack Books
| isbn = 978-84-499-1949-7
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Brayshaw
| first = Christopher
| title = Interview Frank Miller
| journal = The Comics Journal
| issue = 209
|date=December 1998
| page = 69
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Giger
| first = H. R.
| year = 1993
| title = H. R. Giger Necronomicon II
| publisher = Morpheus International
| isbn = 978-0-9623447-6-3
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Holm
| first = E. K.
| year = 2004
| title = R. Crumb: Conversations
| publisher = University Press of Mississippi
| isbn = 1-57806-637-9
}}
* {{cite journal
| last = Seuling
| first = Phil
| title = The Fantasy Epic: Creating the Graphic Novel
| journal = Mediascene
| issue=16
| year = 1975
| pages =  8–9
}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote|Richard Corben}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{gcdb|type=credit|search=Richard+Corben|title=Richard Corben}}
* {{comicbookdb|type=creator|id=684|title=Richard Corben}}
* [http://lambiek.net/artists/c/corben.htm Richard Corben] on the [[Lambiek]] Comiclopedia 
* [http://www.muuta.net The Most Complete Comicography of Richard Corben]
* {{isfdb name|id=Richard_Corben|name=Richard Corben}}
* [https://es.pinterest.com/artspecials/richard-corben/ Illustrations R.Corben]

===Interviews===
* [http://www.muuta.net/Ints/IntCorbHM51.html The Richard Corben Interview pt. 1]
* [http://www.muuta.net/Ints/IntCorbHM52.html The Richard Corben Interview pt. 2]
* [http://www.muuta.net/Ints/IntCorbHM53.html The Richard Corben Interview pt. 3]
* [http://www.muuta.net/Ints/IntCorbHM54.html The Richard Corben Retort Letter]

{{hmcontribs}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Corben, Richard}}
[[Category:1940 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American illustrators]]
[[Category:American comics artists]]
[[Category:American erotic artists]]
[[Category:American album-cover and concert-poster artists]]
[[Category:American fantasy artists]]
[[Category:Fighting Fantasy]]
[[Category:Kansas City Art Institute alumni]]
[[Category:People from Fayetteville, Arkansas]]
[[Category:American science fiction artists]]
[[Category:People from McDonald County, Missouri]]
[[Category:Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême winners]]
[[Category:21st-century American illustrators]]
[[Category:20th-century American male artists]]
[[Category:21st-century American male artists]]