Editing Richard Meier

{{short description|American architect}}
{{for|the American urban planner and Liechtensteiner politician|Richard L. Meier|Richard Meier (politician)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox architect
| name = Richard Meier
| image = Richard Meier at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival.jpg
| caption = Meier in 2009
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1934|10|12|mf=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Newark, New Jersey]], U.S.
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| alma_mater = [[Cornell University]]
| awards = [[Pritzker Prize]] (1984)<br />[[AIA Gold Medal]] (1997)
| practice = Richard Meier & Partners
| significant_buildings = Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art<br /> City Hall and Central Library, The Hague<br />Getty Center, Los Angeles<br />High Museum of Art, Atlanta
| significant_projects = 
| significant_design = 
| website = {{URL|www.richardmeier.com}}
}}

'''Richard Meier''' (born October 12, 1934) is an American [[abstract art]]ist and architect, whose geometric designs make prominent use of the color white.<ref name=jodidio/> A winner of the [[Pritzker Architecture Prize]] in 1984, Meier has designed several iconic buildings including the [[Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art]], the [[Getty Center]] in Los Angeles, the [[High Museum of Art]] in Atlanta, and [[San Jose City Hall]]. In 2018, some of Meier's employees accused him of sexual assault, which led to him resigning from his firm in 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Block |first1=India |date=June 28, 2021 |title=Richard Meier retires and studio rebrands as Meier Partners three years after sexual harassment allegations |url=https://www.dezeen.com/2021/06/28/richard-meier-partners-retirement/ |publisher=DeZeen}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Meier was born to a [[American Jews|Jewish]] family,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.forward.com/bintel-blog/115929/architect-richard-meier-s-jewish-inspirations/ |website=Jewish Daily Forward |title=Architect Richard Meier's Jewish Inspirations |first=Benjamin |last=Ivry |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722172413/http://blogs.forward.com/bintel-blog/115929/architect-richard-meier-s-jewish-inspirations/ |archive-date=July 22, 2015 |date=October 2, 2009}}</ref><ref>[http://www.architecturaldigest.com/architecture/2013-05/architect-richard-meier-interview-article Architectural Digest: "Q+A: ARCHITECT RICHARD MEIER"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722011147/http://www.architecturaldigest.com/architecture/2013-05/architect-richard-meier-interview-article |date=July 22, 2015 }} Interview by Henry Urbach – May 2013</ref><ref>[http://jewishcurrents.org/a-golden-age-of-jewish-architects-36001 Jewish Currents: "A Golden Age of Jewish Architects" by Abbott Gorin]{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Spring 2015</ref> the oldest of three sons of Carolyn (Kaltenbacher) and Jerome Meier, a wholesale wine and liquor salesman,<ref name="pranaygupte.com">Pranay Gupte (November 17, 2005), {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200815133403/http://www.pranaygupte.com/article.php?index=401 Lunch at The Four Seasons with: Richard Meier]}} ''[[New York Sun]]''.</ref> in [[Newark, New Jersey]].<ref>Tempest, Rone. [https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/61613716.html?dids=61613716:61613716&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT "America's Designs on Europe Top quality U.S. architectural firms, feeling the pinch at home, are finding work in Europe-and are snapping up some of the most sought-after projects."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130411182534/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/61613716.html?dids=61613716:61613716&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT |date=April 11, 2013 }}, ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', August 25, 1992. Accessed September 19, 2008. "When the Canal Plus building was under construction, Meier said he had 17 American staffers on the ground supervising the work. But the lopsided European proportion of his recent workload has concerned the silver-haired, Newark, N.J.-born architect."</ref> He grew up in nearby [[Maplewood, New Jersey|Maplewood]],<ref name="nytimes.com">Hilarie M. Sheets (January 24, 2014), [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/25/arts/design/richard-meier-is-now-focusing-on-new-jersey-projects.html Architect Goes Home, to Recall and to Work] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref> where he attended [[Columbia High School (New Jersey)|Columbia High School]]. He earned a [[Bachelor of Architecture]] degree from [[Cornell University]] in 1957.<ref>{{cite book|title=Design of the 20th Century|first1=Charlotte|last1=Fiell|first2=Peter|last2=Fiell|publisher=Taschen|location=Köln|edition=25th anniversary|year=2005|page=459|isbn=9783822840788|oclc=809539744}}</ref>

After graduating from Cornell, Meier traveled to [[Denmark]], [[Finland]], France, Germany, [[Greece]], [[Israel (region)|Israel]], and Italy, among other places, to network with architects.<ref name="pranaygupte.com"/>

Meier is a second cousin of [[Peter Eisenman]], an architect, theorist, and fellow member of [[The New York Five]].

==Career==
[[File:Richard Meier (1986).jpg|thumb|Richard Meier (1986)]]
In New York City, Meier worked briefly in 1959 for [[Skidmore, Owings and Merrill]], and then for three years for [[Marcel Breuer]] before starting his own firm in 1963.

In 1972, he was identified as one of [[The New York Five]], a group of modernist architects: Meier, [[Peter Eisenman]], [[Michael Graves]], [[Charles Gwathmey]], and [[John Hejduk]]. Early in his career, Meier worked with artists such as painter [[Frank Stella]] and favored structures that were white and geometric.<ref name=jodidio>{{cite book|last=Jodidio|first=Philip|title=Architecture: Art|url=https://archive.org/details/architectureart0000jodi|url-access=registration|year=2005|publisher=Prestel Verlag|location=New York|isbn=3-7913-3279-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/architectureart0000jodi/page/138 138]}}</ref>

Meier first gained recognition for his designs for various houses, for [[New Harmony's Atheneum|The Atheneum]], a visitors center in [[New Harmony, Indiana]] (completed 1979), and for the [[High Museum of Art]] in [[Atlanta]], Georgia (completed 1983).

[[File:GettyCenterGarden031903.jpg|thumb|Getty Center]]
Although Meier was an acclaimed architect for years, his design for the [[Getty Center]], a large museum complex in Los Angeles (completed 1997), brought him an elevated level of recognition. Other notable commissions from this period include museums such as the [[Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art]] in Spain (completed 1995) and the [[Paley Center for Media]] in [[Beverly Hills, California]] (completed 1996); [[The Hague City Hall|The Hague, The Netherlands]] City Hall (completed 1995) and [[San Jose City Hall]] (completed 2005); commercial buildings such as the reconstruction of [[City Tower (Prague)|City Tower]] in [[Prague, Czech Republic]] (completed 2008); and residential buildings such as [[173 and 176 Perry Street]] in the [[West Village]] of Manhattan (completed 2002) and [[Meier on Rothschild]] in [[Tel Aviv, Israel]] (completed 2015).

Today, MeierPartners has offices in New York and Los Angeles, with projects ranging from China and Tel Aviv to Paris and Hamburg.

Much of Meier's work builds on the work of architects of the early to mid-20th century, especially that of [[Le Corbusier]], particularly his early work. Meier is considered to have built more using Corbusier's ideas than anyone, including Le Corbusier himself.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-Meier|title=Richard Meier {{!}} American architect|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=February 5, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Meier expanded many ideas evident in Le Corbusier's work, particularly the [[Villa Savoye]] and the Swiss Pavilion.

His work also reflects the influences of other designers such as [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe|Mies Van der Rohe]] and, in some instances, [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] and [[Luis Barragán]] (without the colour).<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Pritzker Architecture Prize|url=https://www.pritzkerprize.com/biography-richard-meier|access-date=August 6, 2021|website=www.pritzkerprize.com}}</ref> White has been used in many architectural landmark buildings throughout history, including cathedrals and the white-washed villages of the Mediterranean region, in Spain, southern Italy and Greece.

The Mayor of Rome, [[Gianni Alemanno]], included in his campaign platform a promise to tear down the large travertine wall of Meier's [[Museum of the Ara Pacis]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-italy-architecture/rome-mayor-aims-to-tear-down-richard-meier-museum-idUKL3079925520080430|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202071601/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-italy-architecture/rome-mayor-aims-to-tear-down-richard-meier-museum-idUKL3079925520080430|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 2, 2018|title=Rome mayor aims to tear down Richard Meier museum|work=U.K.|access-date=February 1, 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> Alemmano had agreed with Meier to modifications including drastically reducing the height of the wall between an open-air space outside the museum and a busy road along the Tiber river. The city plans are to build a wide pedestrian area along the river and run the road underneath it. "It's an improvement," says Meier, adding that "the reason that wall was there has to do with traffic and noise. Once that is eliminated, the idea of opening the piazza to the river is a good one." The mayor's office said Alemanno hoped to complete the project before the end of his term in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 7, 2010|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20100407-modern-scar-housing-roman-altar-be-modified|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120730205418/http://www.france24.com/en/20100407-modern-scar-housing-roman-altar-be-modified|url-status=dead|title=Modern 'scar' housing Roman altar to be modified|website=France 24|archive-date=July 30, 2012|access-date=September 2, 2019}}</ref>

The new project of the underpass along the river Tevere has not progressed since then and in 2024 the area is unchanged.

==Recognition==
In 1984, Meier was awarded the [[Pritzker Prize]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/1984/index.html|title=Richard Meier – The Pritzker Architecture Prize|access-date=April 6, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110133738/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/1984/index.html|archive-date=January 10, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> The jury citation declared that Meier has "created structures which are personal, vigorous, original."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pritzkerprize.com/jury-citation-richard-meier|title=Jury Citation: Richard Meier &#124; The Pritzker Architecture Prize|website=www.pritzkerprize.com}}</ref> In 2008, he won the gold medal in architecture from the Academy of Arts and Letters<ref>[http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/27377/academy-of-arts-and-letters-announces-award-winners/ "Academy of Arts and Letters Announces Award Winners"], ''Artinfo'', April 17, 2008. accessdate=2008-05-19</ref> and his work Jesolo Lido Village was awarded the [[Dedalo Minosse Prize|Dedalo Minosse International Prize for commissioning a building]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dedalominosse.org/eng/premi.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323143331/http://www.dedalominosse.org/eng/premi.php|url-status=dead|title=Dedalo Minosse International Prize 2008|archive-date=March 23, 2010|access-date=September 2, 2019}}</ref> Meier is a Senior Fellow of the [[Design Futures Council]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.di.net/about/senior_fellows/ |title=Senior Fellows :: DesignIntelligence |date=November 6, 2007 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106072349/http://www.di.net/about/senior_fellows/ |archive-date=November 6, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> He was awarded the [[AIA Gold Medal]] in 1997.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aia.org/awards/7046-gold-medal|title=Gold Medal|website=www.aia.org|access-date=February 1, 2018}}</ref> In 2013, he was awarded the A+ Lifetime Achievement Award.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://architizer.com/blog/richard-meier-architizer-lifetime-achievement-award-winner/|title=Richard Meier: Architizer Lifetime Achievement Award Winner}}</ref> In 1996, he received the Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/}}</ref> In 2010, Cornell established a new professorship named for Meier.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aap.cornell.edu/news-events/new-richard-meier-professor-architecture-established|title=New Richard Meier Professor of Architecture established &#124; Cornell AAP|website=aap.cornell.edu}}</ref>

Paying tribute Meier on the occasion of his firm's 50th anniversary, the [[Fondazione Bisazza]] presented the exhibition “Richard Meier: Architecture and Design” in [[Vicenza]], Italy.<ref>Ellie Stathaki (May 17, 2013), [http://www.wallpaper.com/architecture/richard-meier-exhibition-and-installation-at-fondazione-bisazza/6452 Richard Meier exhibition and installation at Fondazione Bisazza] ''[[Wallpaper (magazine)|Wallpaper]]''.</ref>

In 2014, Meier opened a 15,000-square-foot exhibition space museum at [[Mana Contemporary]] in [[Jersey City]].<ref name="nytimes.com"/> The space gathers much of his life's work under one roof, and replaces a much smaller version that opened in 2007 in [[Long Island City, Queens]], and that until 2013 was open only by appointment to students and tour groups. The new venue provides room to show his own sculptures, architectural drawings and collages for the first time, and is planned to include a research library.<ref name="nytimes.com"/>

[[Image:20041216getty06pano.jpg|thumb|center|540px|Getty Center.]]

== Sexual harassment accusation and resignation ==
{{See also|MeToo movement}}
On March 13, 2018, ''[[The New York Times]]'' detailed allegations from women that Meier had sexually harassed or assaulted them. Meier responded by saying that he would take a leave of six months from his firm.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/13/arts/design/richard-meier-sexual-harassment-allegations.html |title=5 Women Accuse the Architect Richard Meier of Sexual Harassment |work=The New York Times |date=March 13, 2018 |author=Robin Pogrebin}}</ref> In response to the allegations and Meier's apology, his alma mater Cornell University declined his intended endowment of a named chair and instituted a review of his previous donations.<ref>{{cite news |author=Hadley Keller |url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/richard-meier-cornell-university-gift |title=Cornell Refuses Gift from Richard Meier |newspaper=Architectural Digest |date=March 14, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Amy Frearson |url=https://www.dezeen.com/2018/03/14/cornell-university-richard-meier-sexual-harassment-allegations/ |title=Cornell severs ties with Richard Meier following harassment claims |website=Dezeen |date=March 14, 2018 }}</ref> On April 6, 2018, an additional four women who formerly worked at Meier's architecture firm came forward with allegations against him. The most recent allegations dated to 2009.<ref>{{cite news |author=Robin Pogrebin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/05/arts/design/richard-meier-sexual-misconduct-allegations.html |title=Women Say Richard Meier's Conduct Was Widely Known Yet Went Unchecked |newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 5, 2018 }}</ref> On October 9, 2018, the firm announced that his resignation was permanent.<ref>{{cite news |author=Eleanor Gibson |url=https://www.dezeen.com/2018/10/09/richard-meier-steps-down-from-firm-following-sexual-harrasment-allegations/ |title=Richard Meier steps down following sexual harassment allegations |website=Dezeen |date=October 9, 2018 }}</ref>

==Works==
{{Main|List of works by Richard Meier|Category:Richard Meier buildings}}
[[Image:Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art.jpg|thumb|Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art]]
[[Image:The Atheneum, New Harmony, Indiana, 1979.jpg|thumb|The Atheneum in New Harmony, Indiana, United States]]
[[Image:MuseumTvRadio03.jpg|thumb|Museum, 465 Beverly Drive, Beverly Hills, California]]
[[File:High Museum of Art in Atlanta.jpg|thumb|High Museum of Art in Atlanta]]
[[File:San Jose City Hall, From 4th Street.jpg|thumb|San Jose City Hall, from 4th Street]]
Major works by Meier include the [[High Museum of Art]] in Atlanta, the [[Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art]], the [[Getty Center]], [[Meier on Rothschild]], and [[On Prospect Park]].

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Tom Grotta (ed.): ''The Grotta Home by Richard Meier. A Marriage of Architecture and Craft''. arnoldsche Art Publishers 2019, {{ISBN|978-3-89790-568-9}}.
* [[Kenneth Frampton|Frampton, Kenneth]], Rykwert, Joseph: ''Richard Meier, Architect'', Rizzoli, 1998
* [[Kenneth Frampton|Frampton, Kenneth]]: ''Richard Meier'', Phaidon, 2012

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}
* {{official|http://www.richardmeier.com/ }}
* [http://nga.gov.au/internationalprints/tyler/Default.cfm?MnuID=3&ArtistIRN=10475&List=True&CREIRN=10475&ORDER_SELECT=13&VIEW_SELECT=5&GrpNam=12&TNOTES=TRUE Richard Meier in the National Gallery of Australia's Kenneth Tyler collection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401013819/http://nga.gov.au/internationalprints/tyler/Default.cfm?MnuID=3&ArtistIRN=10475&List=True&CREIRN=10475&ORDER_SELECT=13&VIEW_SELECT=5&GrpNam=12&TNOTES=TRUE |date=April 1, 2019 }}
* [http://www.meier.co.il/ Official "Meier Tower" website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224163640/http://www.meier.co.il/ |date=December 24, 2014 }}
* [http://cdm.reed.edu/ara-pacis/meier/exterior/front/front-1.php Ara Pacis Museum, Rome]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050625084648/http://www.sammlung-frieder-burda.de/index_e.html Burda Museum website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070515203448/http://www.rachofskyhouse.org/info.html Rachofsky House website]
* [http://www.citymayors.com/cityhalls/the_hague_cityhall.html An appreciation of the Hague City Hall]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081210234439/http://arcspace.com/studio/meier/index.htm Collages by Richard Meier]
* [http://significanthomes.com/home/the-rachofsky-house/attachment-16003/ Over 100 photographs of the Richard Meier designed Rachofsky House which received AIA honor award in 2002 ]
* [http://richardmeierinbodrum.com/ Official "Bodrum Houses" website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806181819/http://richardmeierinbodrum.com/ |date=August 6, 2013 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161229075029/http://surfclubmiamibeach.com/floor-plans.htm "The Surf Club" website]
* [http://webofstories.com/gl/richard.meier Richard Meier] video at [http://webofstories.com Web of Stories]
* {{YouTube|TunbaJTYTII|"Big Red/Meier white," Cornell 50th reunion video}}
* {{YouTube|Y8c4nw_zHVw|"The Surf Club Miami Beach" video}}
* [http://www.arti-fact.com/architect/map/97/Richard-Meier Richard Meier Architecture on Google Maps]

{{clear}}
{{Pritzker Prize laureates|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Meier, Richard}}
[[Category:Modernist architects from the United States]]
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century American Jews]]
[[Category:Jewish architects]]
[[Category:Cornell University College of Architecture, Art, and Planning alumni]]
[[Category:People associated with the J. Paul Getty Museum]]
[[Category:Artists from Newark, New Jersey]]
[[Category:Pritzker Architecture Prize winners]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Praemium Imperiale]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal]]
[[Category:20th-century American architects]]
[[Category:21st-century American architects]]
[[Category:Members of the Académie d'architecture]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:21st-century American Jews]]
[[Category:Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters]]
[[Category:American collage artists]]