Editing Richfield Coliseum

{{Short description|Arena in Ohio, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{use American English|date=January 2024}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox venue 
| stadium_name        = Richfield Coliseum
| nickname            = The Palace on the Prairie<ref>{{cite news |title=Remembering the Richfield Coliseum: From 1974 to 1994, 'The Palace on the Prairie' was Northeast Ohio's sports, entertainment mecca |url=http://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2014/09/remembering_the_coliseum_at_ri.html |author=Chakerian, Peter |date=September 24, 2014 |newspaper=[[The Plain Dealer]] |access-date=December 10, 2015}}</ref>
| logo_image          = Coliseumlogo.PNG
| logo_size           = 125px
| image               = AERIAL VIEW OF THE COLISEUM BUILT NEAR INTERSTATE 271 SOUTH OF CLEVELAND, OHIO. FARMS NEAR THE STRUCTURE EVENTUALLY... - NARA - 558054.jpg
| image_size          = 250px
| caption             = Aerial view of the Coliseum and neighboring farms in 1975
| address             = 2923 Streetsboro Road
| location            = [[Richfield Township, Summit County, Ohio|Richfield Township, Ohio]]
| coordinates         = {{coord|41|14|43|N|81|35|38|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| broke_ground        = March 16, 1973
| opened              = October 26, 1974<ref name="figures">[http://www.inherentmirth.com/index.php/the-richfield-coliseum The Richfield Coliseum]</ref>
| closed              = September 24, 1994<ref name="figures"/>
| demolished          = March–May 1999
| owner               = Gund Business Enterprises, Inc.
| operator            = Gund Business Enterprises, Inc.
| construction_cost   = US$36 million<ref name="figures"/><br><small>(${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|36000000|1973}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})</small>
| architect           = George E. Ross Architects, Inc.<ref>{{cite news |title=Levin Serious About New Arena for Hub|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2209&dat=19770512&id=2qgrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Ff0FAAAAIBAJ&pg=3607,2231760|newspaper=[[United Press International]]|date=May 12, 1977|access-date=March 28, 2012}}</ref>
| former_names        = 
| tenants             = [[Cleveland Crusaders]] ([[World Hockey Association|WHA]]) (1974–1976)<br>[[Cleveland Cavaliers]] ([[National Basketball Association|NBA]]) (1974–1994)<br>[[Cleveland Nets]] ([[World TeamTennis|WTT]]) (1975–1977)<br>[[Cleveland Barons (NHL)|Cleveland Barons]] ([[National Hockey League|NHL]]) (1976–1978)<br>[[Cleveland Force (1978–88)|Cleveland Force]] ([[Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–92)|MISL]]) (1978–1988)<br>[[Cleveland Crunch]] (MISL) (1989–1992)<br>[[Cleveland Lumberjacks]] ([[International Hockey League (1945–2001)|IHL]]) (1992–1994)<br>[[Cleveland Thunderbolts]] ([[Arena Football League|AFL]]) (1992–1994)
| seating_capacity    = [[Basketball]]: 20,273<br>[[Ice hockey]]: 18,544 
}}
'''Richfield Coliseum''', also known as '''the Coliseum at Richfield''', was an indoor [[arena]] located in [[Richfield Township, Summit County, Ohio|Richfield Township]], between [[Cleveland]] and [[Akron, Ohio]]. It opened in 1974 as a replacement for the [[Cleveland Arena]], and had a [[seating capacity]] of 20,273 for basketball. It was the main arena for the [[Northeast Ohio]] region until 1994, when it was replaced by [[Rocket Arena|Gund Arena]] (now Rocket Arena) in [[downtown Cleveland]]. The Coliseum stood vacant for five years before it was purchased and demolished in 1999 by the [[National Park Service]]. The site of the building was converted to a [[meadow]] and is now part of [[Cuyahoga Valley National Park]].

The arena was primarily the home to the [[Cleveland Cavaliers]] of the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA), developed by Cavaliers owner [[Nick Mileti]], who also owned the [[Cleveland Crusaders]] of the [[World Hockey Association]]. Over the years it had additional tenants such as the [[Cleveland Barons (NHL)|Cleveland Barons]] of the [[National Hockey League]], [[Cleveland Force (1978–88)|Cleveland Force]] of [[Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–1992)|Major Indoor Soccer League]], [[Cleveland Crunch]] of [[Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008)|Major Indoor Soccer League]], the [[Cleveland Lumberjacks]] of the [[International Hockey League (1945–2001)|International Hockey League]], and the [[Cleveland Thunderbolts]] of the [[Arena Football League]]. 

It hosted the [[1981 NBA All-Star Game]]; [[Michael Dokes vs. Gerrie Coetzee|The Buckeye Homecoming]], the 1983 professional boxing match between [[Michael Dokes]] and [[Gerrie Coetzee]]; and the 1985 MISL All Star Game. It was also the site of the March 24, 1975 boxing match between [[Muhammad Ali]] and [[Chuck Wepner]], which in part inspired the movie ''[[Rocky]]''.<ref>[http://wepner.homestead.com/ Chuck Wepner's official website]. Retrieved January 12, 2008.</ref>

The Coliseum was a regular concert venue, with its first event being a concert by [[Frank Sinatra]]. The first rock concert at the Richfield Coliseum, in October 1974, featured [[Stevie Wonder]] in October 1974.<ref>Scott, Jane. "Stevie Wonder rocks Coliseum" ''The Plain Dealer'' October 29, 1974: B2</ref> The last concert was by [[Roger Daltrey]], in 1994; that was also the last official event at the arena.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Norman |first=Michael |date=2014-09-25 |title=Richfield Coliseum swan song was Roger Daltrey performing at tribute to The Who |url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2014/09/richfield_coliseum_swan_song_w.html |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=Cleveland.com |language=en}}</ref> 

==History==
The arena, which opened in 1974, replaced the [[Cleveland Arena]], which had 12,500+ boxing capacity, 10,000+ otherwise. The new arena seated 20,273 for basketball and 18,544 for hockey, and was one of the first [[list of indoor arenas|indoor arenas]] to contain [[luxury box]]es. Cavaliers founder [[Nick Mileti]] was the driving force behind the Coliseum's construction, believing that its location in northern Summit County south of Cleveland near the confluence of the [[Ohio Turnpike]] and [[Interstate 77|Interstates 77]] and [[Interstate 271|271]] was ideally suited given the growth of [[urban sprawl]]. 

The Coliseum was built in Richfield to draw fans from both of [[Northeast Ohio]]'s major cities, as nearly five million Ohioans lived within less than an hour's drive (in good weather) from the Coliseum. While the arena's location hindered attendance somewhat, the Cavaliers' average attendance was over 18,000 per game each of the last two seasons at the Coliseum. In a 2012 interview with [[ESPN]]'s [[Bill Simmons]], basketball great [[Larry Bird]] said that it was his favorite arena to play in. The Coliseum was the site of Bird's final game in the NBA.

The Force also drew well at Richfield: 20,174 attended when Cleveland took on [[Minnesota Strikers|Minnesota]] on April 6, 1986, still the largest regular-season crowd (and the third-largest overall) ever to see an indoor soccer match in the US.<ref>[http://www.kenn.com/the_blog/?page_id=7435 Biggest indoor soccer crowds (from Kenn.com)]</ref>

The [[World Wrestling Federation]] also promoted several notable [[pay-per-view]] shows at the arena, including ''[[Saturday Night's Main Event VII]]'' (taped September 13, 1986); [[Survivor Series (1987)]]; [[Survivor Series (1988)]]; and [[Survivor Series (1992)]]

===Attendance hindrances===
Though a large arena at the time of construction, it had only one [[concourse]] for both levels, which made for very cramped conditions when attendance was anywhere close to capacity. The Coliseum's real drawback was that the revenue-producing luxury suites were at the uppermost level and, as such, were the worst seats in the house. This situation was rectified at Gund Arena, where the suites were much closer to the playing area.

Also hurting attendance was the arena's location at the interchange of Interstate 271 and [[Ohio State Route 303]], which was a rural, two-lane highway outside of Richfield. The rural location made the Coliseum inaccessible to anyone without an automobile, and as the only true access to the arena was directly at the interchange, traffic became an issue with every Coliseum event, especially when attendance was anywhere near capacity. [[Lake-effect snow]] from [[Lake Erie]] provided another obstacle to drivers during the winter months.

===Demolition and environmental remediation===
The Coliseum's fate was sealed in 1990, when voters in [[Cuyahoga County]] approved a new [[sin tax]] to fund the [[Gateway Sports and Entertainment Complex]], which included Gund Arena. The Cavaliers moved to Gund Arena at the beginning of the 1994–95 season.

In 1997, the hardwood floor was sold to Grace Christian School of [[Staunton, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sladek|first=Jon|date=October 29, 2014|title=Remnants of Richfield|url=https://www.clevescene.com/news/remnants-of-richfield-the-untold-story-of-how-the-cavs-floor-from-the-richfield-coliseum-ended-up-at-a-small-school-in-virginia-4401650|newspaper=[[Cleveland Scene]]|location=Cleveland, Ohio}}</ref>

After being vacant for five years, the arena was torn down in 1999, between March 30<ref>{{cite news |first=Brian E.|last=Albrecht|title=Death of the Palace on the Prairie|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_topdoc=1&p_docnum=1&p_sort=YMD_date:D&p_product=NewsBank&p_text_direct-0=document_id=(%200F80D2E9484E9C62%20)&p_docid=0F80D2E9484E9C62&p_theme=aggregated5&p_queryname=0F80D2E9484E9C62&f_openurl=yes&p_nbid=G4BF4BYBMTIyMDk5Njg0My42NzYxNTM6MToxMjoxOTguMzAuMjI4LjA&&p_multi=CPDB|newspaper=[[The Plain Dealer]]|location=Cleveland|date=March 30, 1999|access-date=September 9, 2008}}</ref> and May 21,<ref>{{cite news |title=Ruins of the Coliseum|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_topdoc=1&p_docnum=1&p_sort=YMD_date:D&p_product=NewsBank&p_text_direct-0=document_id=(%200F80D3D76789D515%20)&p_docid=0F80D3D76789D515&p_theme=aggregated5&p_queryname=0F80D3D76789D515&f_openurl=yes&p_nbid=J52V52JIMTIyMDk5NjEzMi45NjY2NTI6MToxMjoxOTguMzAuMjI4LjA&&p_multi=CPDB|newspaper=[[The Plain Dealer]]|location=Cleveland|date=May 22, 1999|access-date=September 9, 2008}}</ref> and the arena footprint and surrounding parking areas were allowed to be returned to woodland as part of the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area, now [[Cuyahoga Valley National Park]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Lee|last=Chilcote|title=The Rise and Fall of Richfield Coliseum|url=http://www.tpl.org/publications/land-and-people-magazine/archive/landpeople-fall-1999/the-rise-and-fall-of-richfield.html|work=Land & People|publisher=[[The Trust for Public Land]]|date=November 1, 1999|access-date=April 12, 2012}}</ref> Two years later it was noted that the site appeared to have no trace of the former building,<ref>{{cite news |first=Brian E.|last=Albrecht|title=Greening of the Coliseum|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_topdoc=1&p_docnum=1&p_sort=YMD_date:D&p_product=NewsBank&p_text_direct-0=document_id=(%200F2D6427477DE771%20)&p_docid=0F2D6427477DE771&p_theme=aggregated5&p_queryname=0F2D6427477DE771&f_openurl=yes&p_nbid=X5FF5FJVMTIyMDk5NjEyNy45NTc5MjM6MToxMjoxOTguMzAuMjI4LjA&&p_multi=CPDB|newspaper=The Plain Dealer|location=Cleveland|date=June 25, 2001|access-date=September 9, 2008}}</ref> although a widened section of [[Ohio State Route 303|Route 303]], as well as the remains of the parking lot entrance, reveal its location.<!-- Ambiguous: 303's widening is also to accommodate the I-271 interchange -->

The site is now a grassy meadow and has become an important area for wildlife. Birds such as the [[Eastern meadowlark]], [[bobolink]], and various [[American sparrow|sparrow]]s now inhabit the area. This has caused the site to become popular with local birders.<ref>{{cite news |first=James F.|last=McCarty|title=Coliseum Grasslands Offer Intimate Views of Some of the Most-threatened Bird Species: Aerial View|url=http://www.cleveland.com/neobirding/index.ssf/2012/06/cvnps_coliseum_grasslands_prov.html|newspaper=[[The Plain Dealer]]|location=Cleveland|date=June 5, 2012|access-date=June 10, 2012}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.nps.gov/cuva/historyculture/former-coliseum-property.htm Former Coliseum Property]". Cuyahoga Valley National Park website ([[National Park Service]]). Retrieved June 10, 2012.</ref>

===Seating capacity===
The [[seating capacity]] for basketball was:<ref>{{cite web |title=2014–15 Cleveland Cavaliers Media Guide|publisher=National Basketball Association}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="{{NBA color cell|Cleveland Cavaliers}}"|Years
! style="{{NBA color cell|Cleveland Cavaliers}}"|Capacity
|-
! style="{{NBA color cell2|Cleveland Cavaliers}}"|1974–1988
| {{center|20,900}} 
|-
! style="{{NBA color cell2|Cleveland Cavaliers}}"|1988–1994
| {{center|20,273}} 
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060507215039/http://www.indexc.com/profiles/coliseum.htm Details of the demolition at Independence Excavating's website|via=Wayback Machine]
*[http://hockey.ballparks.com/NHL/ClevelandBarons/index.htm Arenas by Munsey & Suppes]
{{s-start-collapsible|header={{s-sta|et}}}}
{{succession box 
 | title = Home of the<br>[[Cleveland Cavaliers]]
 | years = 1974–1994
 | before = [[Cleveland Arena]]
 | after = [[Rocket Arena|Gund Arena/Quicken Loans Arena/Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse/Rocket Arena]]
}}
{{succession box 
 | title = Home of the<br>[[Cleveland Barons (NHL)|Cleveland Barons]]
 | years = 1976–1978
 | before = [[Oakland Coliseum Arena]]<br>(Team was known as [[California Golden Seals]])
 | after = [[Met Center]]<br>(Team merged with [[Minnesota North Stars]])
}}
{{succession box 
 | title = Host of the<br> [[NBA All-Star Game]] 
 | years = [[1981 NBA All-Star Game|1981]] 
 | before = [[Capital Centre (Landover, Maryland)|Capital Centre]] 
 | after = [[Brendan Byrne Arena]]
}}
{{end}}
{{Cleveland Barons}}
{{Cleveland Cavaliers}}
{{Cleveland Thunderbolts}}
{{Former NBA arenas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Former music venues in the United States]]
[[Category:Demolished sports venues in Ohio]]
[[Category:Ice hockey venues in Ohio]]
[[Category:Defunct National Hockey League venues]]
[[Category:World Hockey Association venues]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Summit County, Ohio]]
[[Category:Cleveland Barons (NHL)]]
[[Category:Sports in Richfield Township, Summit County, Ohio]]
[[Category:Defunct indoor soccer venues in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct indoor arenas in Ohio]]
[[Category:Former NBA venues]]
[[Category:Defunct boxing venues in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct ice hockey venues in Ohio]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 1974]]
[[Category:1974 establishments in Ohio]]
[[Category:Sports venues demolished in 1999]]
[[Category:1999 disestablishments in Ohio]]
[[Category:Cleveland Cavaliers]]
[[Category:Richfield Township, Summit County, Ohio]]