Editing Rinkai Line

{{Short description|Train line in Tokyo, Japan}}
{{For|the proposed subway line connecting Tokyo Station and the Ariake district along Tokyo Bay|Tokyo Rinkai Subway Line}}
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width   =
| name        = Rinkai Line
| native_name = 東京臨海高速鉄道りんかい線<ref name="ekimeihyo">[https://ekimeihyo.net/e/twr/ 東京臨海高速鉄道の駅名標]</ref>
| native_name_lang = ja
| other_name      = R
| color       = 00b48d
| color2      = 00418e
| logo        = {{RKLS|50}}
| logo_width  = 
| image       = Rinkai-line Series70-000 70-030.jpg
| image_width = 300px
| caption     = A [[TWR 70-000 series]] train on the Tokyo Waterfront Railway, heading towards {{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}}
| system      =
| status      =
| locale      = [[Tokyo]]
| start       = {{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}}
| end         = {{STN|Ōsaki|x}}
| stations    = 8
| routes      =
| daily_ridership = 200,200<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.twr.co.jp/enterprise/gaiyou_h22_final_outline.pdf | title=企業・採用｜お台場電車 りんかい線}}</ref>
| open        = 1996
| close       =
| owner       = [[Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit]]
| operator    = 
| character   =
| depot       = Yashio
| stock       = [[TWR 70-000 series]], [[E233-7000 series]]
| linelength  = {{convert|12.2|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| tracklength = 
| tracks      = 
| gauge       = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}}
| electrification = 1,500 V DC [[overhead catenary]]
| speed       = 
| elevation   =
| map         = {{routemap|inline=1
|map = 
ABZg2\STRc3\\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Keiyō Line]]
STR+c1\STR+4\KBSTa\\~~ ~~ ~~Shin-Kiba Depot
BHF!~HUBaq\BHF!~HUBq\BHF!~HUBeq\\~~0.0~~R01 {{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}}
hKRZWae\hKRZWae\hKRZWae\\
STRr\STR\tSTRa\\
tSTRq\KRZt\tSTRr\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tokyo Metro Yurakucho Line]]{{rint|tokyo|y}}
\BHF\\\~~2.2~~R02 {{STN|Shinonome|x|Tokyo}}
\tSTRa\\\
uSTRq\mtKRZ\uBHFq!~HUBa\uSTR+r\~~ ~~ ~~{{STN|Ariake|x|Tokyo}}
\tBHF!~HUBaq\HUBrf\uSTR\~~3.5~~R03 {{STN|Kokusai-Tenjijō|x}}
\tSTR\\uABZgl\uKBSTeq~~ ~~ ~~Ariake Depot
\tSTR\\uHST\~~ ~~ ~~{{STN|Tokyo Big Sight|x}}
uSTR+r\tSTR\\uSTR\~~ ~~ ~~[[Yurikamome]]
uHST\tSTR\\uSTR\~~ ~~ ~~{{STN|Odaiba-kaihinkōen|x}}
uSTR\tBHF\\uSTR\~~4.9~~R04 {{STN|Tokyo Teleport|x}}
uSTR\tSTR\\uHST\~~ ~~ ~~{{STN|Aomi|x}}
uHST\tSTR\\uLSTR\~~ ~~ ~~{{STN|Daiba|x|Tokyo}}
uSTRl\mtKRZ\uSTRq\uSTRr\
\tKRZW\\\
\tDST\\\~~6.8~~Shinagawa-futō
\tABZgl\tSTReq\KDSTeq\~~Yashio Depot
STRq\tKRZ\STRq\BSTq\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tokyo Freight Terminal]]
\tKRZW\\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tōkaidō Freight Line]]
BHFq!~HUBa\tKRZ\STR+r\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tokyo Monorail]]
HUBlf\tBHF!~HUBeq\STR\\~~7.8~~R05 {{STN|Tennōzu Isle|x}}
\tBHF\STR\\~~8.9~~R06 {{STN|Shinagawa Seaside|x}}
\tSTR\STRl\\
STRq\tKRZ\STRq\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Keikyu Main Line]]
\tSTR\\\
STRq\tKRZ\STRq\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tōkaidō Main Line]]
STRq\tKRZ\BHFq!~HUBa\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Keihin-Tōhoku Line]]
KBHFa!~HUBaq\tBHF!~HUBq\HUBrf\\~~10.5~~R07 {{STN|Ōimachi|x}}
STRl\tKRZ\STRq\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tokyu Oimachi Line]]
\tSTRl\tSTR+r\\
KBSTa\tSTR\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tokyo General Rolling Stock Centre]]
STR\tSTRe\STR+l~~ ~~ ~~[[Shōnan–Shinjuku Line]] (Osaki Branch Line)
STRq\KRZu\KRZu\KRZu\~~ ~~ ~~[[Tokaido Shinkansen]]
ABZq+r\KRZu\KRZu\KRZu\~~ ~~ ~~[[Yokosuka Line|Hinkaku Line]]
STR2\STR3u\STR+c2\STR3\
STR+r!~STR+1u\STR+4\ABZg+1\STRc4\~~ ~~ ~~[[Yamanote Line]]
BHF!~HUBaq\STR!~HUBq\BHF!~HUBeq\\~~12.2~~R08 [[Ōsaki Station]]
STR\STR2\STR+c3\\~~ ~~ ~~[[Saikyō Line]]
STR\STRc1\ABZg+4\\~~ ~~ ~~・Shonan–Shinjuku Line (Yamanote Freight Line)
}}
| map_state   = collapsed
}}

The {{nihongo|'''Rinkai Line'''|りんかい線|Rinkai-sen}} is a railway line in [[Tokyo]], Japan. It is the only line operated by the [[Public-Private Partnerships In Japan|third-sector]] company [[#Operating company|Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit]]. It connects central Tokyo to the [[artificial island]]s of [[Aomi]] and [[Odaiba]]. The line is served by some trains on the [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) [[Saikyō Line]] which continue on to {{STN|Shinjuku|x}}, {{STN|Ikebukuro|x}}, {{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}, and {{STN|Kawagoe|x}}.

==Overview==
While not part of the [[Tokyo subway]] network (as it was built to JR specifications), the Rinkai Line is fully grade separated and runs underground for nearly {{Cvt|10|km}} of its {{Cvt|12.2|km}} distance, going as low as {{Convert|40|m|sp=us}} below the ground when crossing under the [[Port of Tokyo]]. The Shinonome &ndash; Shin-Kiba segment (which uses the former Keiyō Freight Line) is elevated.

== Station list ==
All stations are located in [[Tokyo]]. All trains stop at every station on the line.
[[File:TWR Linemap.svg|thumb|267x267px|Rinkai line route map]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!rowspan="2"|No.
!rowspan="2"|Station
!rowspan="2"|Japanese
!colspan="2"|Distance (km)
!rowspan="2"|Transfers
!rowspan="2"|Location
|-
!Between<br />stations
!Total
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|01|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}}
|新木場
|style="text-align:center;"| -
|style="text-align:right;"|0.0
|{{Plainlist|
* {{JRLS|JE}} [[Keiyo Line]]
* {{TSLS|Y}} [[Tokyo Metro Yurakucho Line]] (Y-24)
}}
|rowspan="4"|[[Kōtō, Tokyo|Kōtō]]
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|02|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Shinonome|x|Tokyo}}
|東雲
|style="text-align:right;"|2.2
|style="text-align:right;"|2.2
|&nbsp;
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|03|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Kokusai-Tenjijō|x}}
|国際展示場
|style="text-align:right;"|1.3
|style="text-align:right;"|3.5
| [[File:Yurikamome line symbol.svg|18px]] [[Yurikamome]] ({{STN|Ariake|x|Tokyo}}: U-12)
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|04|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Tokyo Teleport|x}}
|東京テレポート
|style="text-align:right;"|1.4
|style="text-align:right;"|4.9
| [[File:Yurikamome line symbol.svg|18px]] Yurikamome ({{STN|Odaiba-Kaihinkōen|x}}: U-06, {{STN|Aomi|x}}: U-10)
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|05|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Tennōzu Isle|x}}
|天王洲アイル
|style="text-align:right;"|2.9
|style="text-align:right;"|7.8
|{{JRLS|MO}} [[Tokyo Monorail]]
|rowspan="4"|[[Shinagawa, Tokyo|Shinagawa]]
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|06|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Shinagawa Seaside|x}}
|品川シーサイド
|style="text-align:right;"|1.1
|style="text-align:right;"|8.9
|&nbsp;
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|07|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Ōimachi|x}}
|大井町
|style="text-align:right;"|1.6
|style="text-align:right;"|10.5
|{{Plainlist|
* {{JRLS|JK}} [[Keihin-Tohoku Line]]
* {{TQLS|OM}} [[Tokyu Oimachi Line]]
}}
|-
|{{center|{{RKSN|08|size=40}}}}
|{{STN|Ōsaki|x}}
|大崎
|style="text-align:right;"|1.7
|style="text-align:right;"|12.2
|{{Plainlist|
* {{JRLS|JA}} [[Saikyo Line]]
* {{JRLS|JY}} [[Yamanote Line]]
* {{JRLS|JS}} [[Shonan-Shinjuku Line]]
}}
|-
| colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"|↓ [[Through train|'''Through-running''']] '''to/from {{STN|Kawagoe|x}} via the [[Saikyō Line|Saikyō]] and [[Kawagoe Line]] ↓'''
|}

==Rolling stock==
* [[TWR 70-000 series]] 10-car EMUs (since 1996)
* JR East [[E233-7000 series]] 10-car EMUs (since 30 June 2013)

The TWR 70-000 series [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) trains are based at Yashio Depot, which is accessed via a spur located between Tennōzu Isle Station and Tokyo Teleport Station (the spur track also provides access to [[Tokyo Freight Terminal]]), while the E233 series trains are based at Kawagoe Depot.

The first of a fleet of 31 new 10-car [[E233-7000 series]] sets were introduced on [[Saikyō Line]], [[Kawagoe Line]], and Rinkai Line services between {{STN|Kawagoe|x}} and {{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}} from 30 June 2013, displacing the fleet of 205 series EMUs.<ref name="jreast20120410">{{Cite web| script-title=ja:秋田新幹線用車両と埼京線・横浜線用車両の新造について|trans-title=Akita Shinkansen, Saikyo Line, and Yokohama Line new train details| publisher = JR East| date = 10 April 2012| url = http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2012/20120404.pdf| language = ja| access-date = 10 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="saitamashimbun20130607">{{cite web|url= http://www.saitama-np.co.jp/news06/07/04.html|script-title= ja:新型車両で快適に 埼京・川越線、３０日から導入|trans-title= Comfortable new trains to be introduced on Saikyo/Kawagoe Line from 30th|date= 7 June 2013|publisher= The Saitama Shimbun|location= Japan|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130609084841/http://www.saitama-np.co.jp/news06/07/04.html|archive-date= 2013-06-09|access-date= 7 June 2013|url-status= dead}}</ref>

A new train type will be introduced in 2024, replacing the 70-000 series.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.twr.co.jp/Portals/0/resources/info/2021/tyuukikeieikeikaku2022.pdf|title=中期経営計画２０２２|trans-title=2022 Mid-term Management Plan|date=March 2022|accessdate=3 April 2022}}</ref> The new type was revealed to be designated as [[TWR 71-000 series|71-000 series]] on 6 November 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=東京臨海高速鉄道，りんかい線に71-000形を導入へ |trans-title=Tokyo Waterfront Railway to introduce 71-000 series trains on the Rinkai Line |url=https://railf.jp/news/2023/11/06/140500.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106070442/https://railf.jp/news/2023/11/06/140500.html |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=6 November 2023 |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |language=ja}}</ref> The revised entry into service is scheduled to take place in the middle of 2025 rather than 2024.

<gallery widths=180>
File:TWR 70-000 series Z2.jpg|TWR 70-000 series EMU in June 2022
File:Rinkai-line SeriesE233-7000 101.jpg|A JR East E233-7000 series EMU on the Rinkai Line in June 2022
</gallery>

===Former rolling stock===
* JR East [[205 series]] 10-car EMUs (2002&ndash;2016)<ref name="jrr2012">{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2012冬 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations - Winter 2012| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = October 2011| location = Japan| page = 66| isbn = 978-4-330-25611-5}}</ref>

<gallery widths=180>
File:JRE 205-SAIKYOLINE.jpg|A JR East 205 series EMU on the Rinkai Line in July 2008
</gallery>

==History==
Construction of the line started in 1992, with the eastern end of the line using the right-of-way of the Keiyō Freight Line (abandoned in 1983).<ref name="jrtr">[http://jrtr.net/jrtr42/pdf/f38_end.pdf JRTR 38: Rapid Transit and Related Urban Development in Tokyo Waterfront Area]</ref> The first portion of the line between {{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}} and {{STN|Tokyo Teleport|x}} opened for service on March 30, 1996, initially under the name {{nihongo|'''Rinkai Fukutoshin Line'''|臨海副都心線|Rinkai-fukutoshin-sen}}. The name was officially changed to the Rinkai Line on September 1, 2000.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=企業情報 |trans-title=Company Information |url=https://www.twr.co.jp/enterprise/tabid/201/Default.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130043850/https://www.twr.co.jp/enterprise/tabid/201/Default.aspx |archive-date=30 November 2023 |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=twr.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref> The extension to {{STN|Tennōzu Isle|x}} opened on March 31, 2001,<ref name=":0" /> and the final portion to Osaki on December 1, 2002.<ref name=":0" />

The project ran severely over budget, with an estimated final cost of over ¥440 billion.<ref name="jrtr"/> In 2005, the Rinkai Line's average ridership was 140,000 passengers per day<ref name="jrtr"/> and, in 2006, the line finally registered its first operational profit, although interest payments on ¥389 billion yen in debt have resulted in a consistent net loss since 1991. By comparison, the competing elevated [[Yurikamome]] line is profitable, thanks to lower construction expenses, higher ticket prices and popularity among tourists and leisure visitors for its scenic views.<ref name="jrtr16">[http://jrtr.net/jrtr16/pdf/f15_iwata.pdf JRTR 16: Tokyo’s New Waterfront Transit System]</ref>

However, the Rinkai Line's ridership has steadily increased since, reaching 200,200 passengers per day in 2010. The ridership is forecast to increase further due to future development planned for the area served by the line.

Station numbering was introduced to all Rinkai Line stations in 2016 with stations being assigned station numbers R01 (Shin-Kiba) and R08 (Osaki).<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2016 |title=りんかい線「駅ナンバリング」の導入について |trans-title=Introduction of Rinkai Line "Station Numbering" |url=https://www.twr.co.jp/tabid/101/ItemId/218/dispmid/860/Default.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109050253/https://www.twr.co.jp/tabid/101/ItemId/218/dispmid/860/Default.aspx |archive-date=9 January 2023 |access-date=9 January 2023 |website=twr.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref>

==Operating company==
{{Infobox company
| name     = Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit, Inc.
| native_name = 東京臨海高速鉄道株式会社
| native_name_lang = ja
| romanized_name = Tōkyō Rinkai Kōsoku Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha
| logo     = [[File:東京臨海高速鉄道ロゴマーク.svg|200px|TWR Lines Logo|class=skin-invert]]
| type     = [[Kabushiki gaisha]]
| predecessor      = 
| foundation       = March 12, 1991
| location_city    = [[Kōtō, Tokyo]]
| location_country = Japan
| area_served      = [[Tokyo]]
| key_people       = Hiroyasu Kawasaki, Representative Director and CEO
| industry         = [[Rail transport]]
| products         = 
| services         = Rinkai Line rail service
| revenue          = 15.588 billion yen (FY2008)<ref name="corpstats">[http://www.soumu.metro.tokyo.jp/02gyokaku/dantai/keiei-jokyo/data/26rinkai_ka.htm 東京臨海高速鉄道（株）] Accessed March 9, 2010. {{in lang|ja}}</ref>
| operating_income = 1.623 billion yen (FY2008)<ref name="corpstats"/>
| net_income       = -2.503 billion yen (FY2008)<ref name="corpstats"/>
| assets           = 303.408 billion yen (FY2008)<ref name="corpstats"/>
| equity           = 
| owner            = [[Tokyo Metropolitan Government]] (91.32%)<br />[[East Japan Railway Company|JR East]] (2.41%)<br />[[Shinagawa|Shinagawa Ward]] (1.77%)<br />[[Mizuho Bank]] (0.70%)<br />(as of 1 April 2014)
| num_employees    = 247
| divisions        = 
| subsid           = 
| homepage         = {{URL|www.twr.co.jp}}
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit, Inc.'''|東京臨海高速鉄道株式会社|Tōkyō Rinkai Kōsoku Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha}} was founded on March 12, 1991, for the express purpose of constructing and operating the railway line. It is a [[Public-Private Partnerships In Japan|third-sector]] company, and, as of 1 April 2013, 91.32% of shares are held by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 2.41% by [[JR East]], 1.77% by [[Shinagawa, Tokyo|Shinagawa Ward]], 0.70% by [[Mizuho Bank]], 0.46% by [[MUFG Bank]], 0.34% by [[Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation]], and the remaining 3% by 41 other companies.<ref name="yahoo20140822">{{cite web|url= http://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/hl?a=20140822-00010002-norimono-ind|script-title= ja: JR東日本のりんかい線買収でどう変わる？|trans-title= What will change if JR East buys out the Rinkai Line?|date= 22 August 2014|location= Japan|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140829065210/http://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/hl?a=20140822-00010002-norimono-ind|archive-date= 2014-08-29|access-date= 30 August 2014|url-status= dead}}</ref>

In spite of its severe financial situation, TWR was discovered to have made a five million yen donation to the [[Tokyo Metropolitan Government]] on October 16, 2009, to encourage the city's [[Tokyo bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics|bid for the 2016 Olympic Games]].<ref>報道特集NEXT, Tokyo Broadcasting System. November 7, 2009.</ref> The company stood to benefit financially if the games were held in Tokyo, as several of the proposed venues were located along the Rinkai Line.

In addition to its ownership and operation of the Rinkai Line, TWR is also involved in real estate and subcontracting/management of station- and building-related design.

==Future plans==
{{See also|Haneda Airport Access Line Plan}}
In August 2014, it was revealed that JR East was in negotiations to buy out the Rinkai Line.<ref name="yahoo20140822"/> This would make it easier to incorporate the line into its plans for a direct line to [[Haneda Airport]] as well as providing through services to and from the JR  [[Keiyo Line]].<ref name="yahoo20140822"/>

{{Clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit}}
*[http://www.twr.co.jp Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit] (official) {{in lang|ja}}

{{Metro systems in Japan}}
{{Tokyo transit}}
{{Rapid transit in Asia}}

[[Category:Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit| ]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Japan]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Tokyo]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1996]]
[[Category:1067 mm gauge railways in Japan]]
[[Category:Japanese third-sector railway lines]]
[[Category:1500 V DC railway electrification]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in Japan]]