Editing Robopsychology

{{Short description|Study of personalities and behavior of intelligent machines}}
'''Robopsychology''' is the study of the personalities and behavior of [[intelligent machine]]s. The term was coined by [[Isaac Asimov]] in the short stories collected in ''[[I, Robot]]'', which featured robopsychologist [[Susan Calvin|Dr. Susan Calvin]], and whose plots largely revolved around the protagonist solving problems connected with intelligent [[robot]] behaviour.<ref name="Enterprise1987">{{cite book|author=IDG Enterprise|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IIpG6vryR8AC&pg=PA32-IA13|title=Computerworld|date=19 October 1987|publisher=IDG Enterprise|pages=32–}}</ref><ref name="Miller2020">{{cite book|author=Gavin Miller|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zd7QDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20|title=Science Fiction and Psychology|date=29 January 2020|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-1-78962-471-7|pages=20–}}</ref><ref name="Nicholls1979">{{cite book|author=Peter Nicholls|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NzAqAQAAIAAJ|title=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction: An Illustrated A to Z|publisher=Unknown Publisher|year=1979|isbn=978-0-246-11020-6}}</ref> The term has been also used in some academic studies from the field of psychology and [[human–computer interaction]]s,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Libin|first1=A.V.|last2=Libin|first2=E.V.|date=November 2004|title=Person-robot interactions from the robopsychologists' point of view: the robotic psychology and robotherapy approach|journal=Proceedings of the IEEE|volume=92|issue=11|pages=1789–1803|doi=10.1109/JPROC.2004.835366|s2cid=18191095|issn=1558-2256}}</ref> and it refers to the study of the psychological consequences of living in societies where the application of [[robotics]] is becoming increasingly common.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Krägeloh |first1=Christian U. |last2=Bharatharaj |first2=Jaishankar |last3=Albo-Canals |first3=Jordi |last4=Hannon |first4=Daniel |last5=Heerink |first5=Marcel |date=2022 |title=The time is ripe for robopsychology |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |volume=13 |page=968382 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2022.968382 |pmid=36211890 |pmc=9536172 |issn=1664-1078|doi-access=free }}</ref>

==In real life==

Andrea Kuszewski, a self-described robopsychologist gives the following examples of potential responsibilities for a robopsychologist in [[Discover (magazine)|Discover]].

*"Assisting in the design of [[cognitive architectures]]
*Developing appropriate lesson plans for teaching  AI targeted skills
*Create guides to help the AI through the learning process
*Address any [[maladaptive]] machine behaviors
*Research the nature of ethics and how it can be taught and/or reinforced
*Create new and innovative therapy approaches for the domain of computer-based intelligences"<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2012/02/07/i-robopsychologist-part-1-why-robots-need-psychologists/#.WgC-i1S0PIU |title=I, Robopsychologist, Part 1: Why Robots Need Psychologists |publisher=[[Discover (magazine)|Discover]]}}</ref>
 
There is a robopsychology research division at [[Ars Electronica Futurelab]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dizik |first=Alina |date=March 16, 2017 |title=How Movies Can Help Robots and People Get Along |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-movies-can-help-robots-and-people-get-along-1489372002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724181413/https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-movies-can-help-robots-and-people-get-along-1489372002 |archive-date=24 July 2017 |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref>

The term "robopsychology" has been proposed to indicate a "sub-discipline in psychology to systematically study the psychological corollaries of living in societies where the application of robotic and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is becoming increasingly common."<ref name=":1" /> According to proponents of robopsychology, such a discipline does not currently exist: a systematic review of scientific literature shows that in 2022 there was no psychological sub-discipline dedicated to the study of the effects robots have on people's lives.<ref name=":1" />

A.V. Libin and E.V. Libin define the term as follows: "[it is] a systematic study of compatibility between people and artificial creatures on many different levels [...]. Robotic psychology studies individual differences in people’s interactions with various robots, as well as the diversity of the robots themselves, applying principles of differential psychology to the traditional fields of human factors and human–computer interactions. Moreover, robopsychologists study psychological mechanisms of the animation of the technological entity which result in a unique phenomenon defined as a robot’s “personality.”"<ref name=":0" />

==In fiction==
As described by Asimov, robopsychology appears to be a mixture of detailed [[mathematics|mathematical analysis]] and traditional [[psychology]], applied to robots. Human psychology is also a part, covering human interaction with robots. This includes the "[[Frankenstein complex]]" – the irrational fear that robots (or other creations) will turn on their creator.

==See also==
* [[Cybernetics]]
* [[Human-robot interaction]]
* [[Psychohistory (fictional)|Psychohistory]]
* [[Three Laws of Robotics]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Robot series}}

[[Category:Foundation universe]]
[[Category:Fictional science]]
[[Category:Cybernetics]]
[[Category:Robotics]]
[[Category:Human–computer interaction]]