Editing Rosmarinus

{{Short description|Clade of herbs}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2009}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Rosemary (390002797).jpg
|image_caption = 
|display_parents = 2
|taxon = Rosmarinus
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10549 |title=Genus: ''Rosmarinus'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2004-09-10 |access-date=2010-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507022712/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10549 |archive-date=2009-05-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

'''Rosmarinus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|r|ɒ|s|m|ə|ˈ|r|aɪ|n|ə|s}} {{respell|ROSS|mə|RY|nəs}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Sunset Western Garden Book|year=1995|pages=606–607}}</ref>) is a small taxonomic clade of woody, [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[herb]]s with fragrant [[evergreen]] needle-like leaves in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Lamiaceae]], [[native plant|native]] to the [[Mediterranean Basin]].

In 2017 the species in the genus ''Rosmarinus'' were moved into the large genus ''[[Salvia]]'' based on taxonomic evidence.<ref name="Drew17">{{cite journal|last=Drew|first=Bryan T.|journal=Taxon|volume=66|pages=133–145|title=Salvia united: The greatest good for the greatest number|year=2017|doi=10.12705/661.7|s2cid=90993808}}</ref> Thus ''Rosmarinus'' is no longer a genus, but still a monophyletic clade of species within ''Salvia''.

==Description==
''[[Salvia rosmarinus]]'' (rosemary), widespread in the Mediterranean region, and ''[[Salvia jordanii]]'' (formerly ''Rosmarinus eriocalyx''), native to northwest Africa and southern Spain have long been widely recognized. ''[[Salvia granatensis]]'' (formerly ''Rosmarinus tomentosus'') was first recognized as a separate species in 1941. ''[[Rosmarinus palaui]]'' was first described as a species in 2002, although recognition of this species remains controversial. Recent research has indicated that while ''S. granatensis'' forms a [[monophyletic]] group, this group is nested within a [[paraphyletic]] ''S. jordanii''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1= Rossello, J.A. |year= 2006 |title= Intragenomic diversity and phylogenetic systematics of wild rosemaries (''Rosmarinus officinalis'' L. s.l., Lamiaceae) assessed by nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS)|journal= Plant Systematics and Evolution |volume= 262 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 1–12 |doi= 10.1007/s00606-006-0454-5 |bibcode= 2006PSyEv.262....1R |s2cid= 25645455 |display-authors=etal}}</ref>

''Salvia jordanii'' differs from the well-known herb rosemary in its smaller [[leaf|leaves]], only {{convert|5|–|15|mm|abbr=on}} long and less than {{convert|2|mm|abbr=on}} broad, and densely hairy flower stems. It also tends to be lower-growing, often under {{convert|25|cm|abbr=on}} tall and prostrate, and never exceeding {{convert|1|m|abbr=on}} tall (''S. rosmarinus'' can reach {{convert|1.5|m|abbr=on}}, exceptionally {{convert|2|m|abbr=on}}, tall).

Rosemary can be propagated from seed or cuttings in summer,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Botanica : the illustrated A-Z of over 10,000 garden plants for New Zealand gardens and how to cultivate them|date=1997|publisher=David Bateman|others=Bryant, Geoff, Burnie, Geoffrey.|isbn=1-86953-376-3|location=North Shore City, N.Z.|pages=801|oclc=154295480}}</ref> and can be spread by carelessly discarding garden waste.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=4199|title=''Salvia rosmarinus'' {{!}} New Zealand Plant Conservation Network|website=nzpcn.org.nz|access-date=2019-11-30}}</ref>

==Species==
;Species and [[nothospecies]] accepted by the Kew World Checklist<ref>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=179854 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Scientific name !! Common name !! Distribution
|-
|[[File:Rosmarinus eryocalix.jpg|120px]]||''[[Salvia jordanii]]'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>  || Algerian rosemary||Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Libya 
|-
|[[File:Rosmarinus officinalis 13zz.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Rosemary|Salvia rosmarinus]]'' <small>L.</small>  || Rosemary||Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, Egypt, Cyprus,  Turkey; naturalized in Bulgaria, Crimea, Madeira islands, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Bermuda, Texas, central Mexico
|-
| ||''[[Rosmarinus palaui]]'' <small>(O.Bolòs & Molin.) Rivas Mart. & M.J.Costa</small>  || ||
|-
|[[File:Rosmarinus tomentosus13.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Salvia granatensis]]'' <small>Hub.-Mor. & Maire</small>  || cliff rosemary||southern Spain
|-
|}

==Natural hybrids==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Scientific name !! Parents !!Distribution
|-
| ||[[Salvia × lavandulacea|''Salvia'' × ''lavandulacea'']] <small>de Noé</small> || (''S. jordanii'' × ''S. rosmarinus'')|| Andalusian rosemary||Spain, Morocco, Algeria
|-
|[[File:Rosmarinus × mendizabalii flowers.JPG|120px]] ||[[Salvia × mendizabalii|''Salvia'' × ''mendizabalii'']] <small>Sagredo ex Rosua</small>  || (''S. rosmarinus'' × ''S. granatensis'') || Granadan rosemary||Granada region of Spain 
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|Rosmarinus|''Rosmarinus''}}
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Rosmarinus|''Rosmarinus''}}

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[[Category:Lamiaceae genera]]
[[Category:Flora of Macaronesia]]
[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants of Africa]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants of Europe]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Africa]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Europe]]
[[Category:Salvia]]