Editing Russ Feingold

{{Short description|American politician (born 1953)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Russ Feingold
| image               = Portrait 3 (23855558943) (3x4).jpg
| caption             = Feingold in 2015
| jr/sr1              = United States Senator
| state1              = [[Wisconsin]]
| term_start1         = January 3, 1993
| term_end1           = January 3, 2011
| predecessor1        = [[Bob Kasten]]
| successor1          = [[Ron Johnson]]
| office              = [[Diplomatic rank|United States Special Envoy]] for the [[African Great Lakes]] and the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo-Kinshasa]]
| president           = [[Barack Obama]]
| term_start          = July 18, 2013
| term_end            = March 6, 2015
| predecessor         = [[R. Barrie Walkley|Barrie Walkley]]
| successor           = [[Tom Perriello]]
| state_senate2       = Wisconsin
| district2           = [[Wisconsin Senate, District 27|27th]]
| term_start2         = January 3, 1983
| term_end2           = January 3, 1993
| predecessor2        = [[Everett Bidwell]]
| successor2          = [[Joe Wineke|Joseph Wineke]]
| birth_name          = Russell Dana Feingold
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1953|3|2}}
| birth_place         = [[Janesville, Wisconsin|Janesville]], [[Wisconsin]], U.S.
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| spouse              = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Sue Levine|1977|1986|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|Mary Speerschneider|1991|2005|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|Christine Ferdinand|2013}}
}}
| children            = 2
| education           = [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br />[[Magdalen College, Oxford]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br />[[Harvard University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| signature           = Russ Feingold Signature.gif
| module              = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Sen. Russ Feingold Closes Debate on the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002.ogg|title=Russ Feingold's voice|type=speech|description=Feingold closes debate on the [[Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002]]<br/>Recorded March 20, 2002}}
}}

'''Russell Dana Feingold''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|aɪ|n|ɡ|oʊ|l|d}} {{Respell|FYNE|gold}}; born March 2, 1953) is an American politician and lawyer who served as a [[United States Senate|United States Senator]] from [[Wisconsin]] from 1993 to 2011. A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], he was its nominee in the [[2016 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|2016 election]] for the same U.S. Senate seat he had previously occupied.<ref name=politico>{{cite news|last1=Robillard|first1=Kevin|title=Feingold running for Wisconsin Senate|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2015/05/russ-feingold-wisconsin-senate-117948|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Politico|date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> From 1983 to 1993, he was a [[Wisconsin State Senate|Wisconsin State Senator]] representing the [[Wisconsin Senate, District 27|27th District]].<ref name=fact>{{cite news|last1=Nelson|first1=James|title=Sen. Ron Johnson claims Russ Feingold is a career politician|url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2016/feb/04/ron-johnson/sen-ron-johnson-claims-russ-feingold-career-politi/|access-date=10 February 2016|agency=PolitiFact|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=February 4, 2016}}</ref>

With [[John McCain]], Feingold received the 1999 [[Profile in Courage Award|John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Feingold wins JFK Profile in Courage award|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/stories/1999/05/24/daily8.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Milwaukee Business Journal|date=May 24, 1999}}</ref> He and McCain cosponsored the [[Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002]] (McCain–Feingold Act), a major piece of [[Campaign finance reform in the United States|campaign finance reform]] legislation. He was the only senator to vote against the [[Patriot Act|Patriot Act of 2001]].

Feingold was mentioned as a possible candidate in the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 presidential election]], but in November 2006 announced he would not run.<ref name="ruled_out">{{cite news | url=http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=529983 | title=Feingold rules out 2008 run for president | work=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]] | date=November 11, 2006 | access-date=March 3, 2015 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070320204649/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=529983 | archive-date=March 20, 2007}}</ref> In 2010, Feingold [[2010 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|lost his campaign for reelection]] to the U.S. Senate to [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee [[Ron Johnson]].<ref>{{cite news |title= Wisconsin's Feingold loses Senate re-election bid, NBC projects|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSWBT01422520101103|access-date=November 3, 2010|work=[[Reuters]] |first=Jeremy |last=Pelofsky |date= November 3, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Feingold Falls in Wisconsin, CBS News Projects |url= https://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20021577-503544.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101104015238/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20021577-503544.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= November 4, 2010|access-date=November 3, 2010|agency=[[CBS News]]|first=Neil|last=Katz|date=November 3, 2010}}</ref> On June 18, 2013, he was selected by [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[John Kerry]] to replace [[R. Barrie Walkley]] as a special envoy to the [[African Great Lakes#African Great Lakes Region|Great Lakes]] region of Africa.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/19/us/politics/ex-senator-feingold-chosen-as-special-envoy-to-african-region.html|title=Ex-Senator Feingold Chosen as Special Envoy to African Region|date=June 18, 2013|access-date=June 19, 2013|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|first=Steven|last=Lee Myers}}</ref>

On May 14, 2015, Feingold announced his candidacy for his old Senate seat in [[2016 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|2016]].<ref name=politico/> He was defeated by Johnson in a rematch of their 2010 Senate race.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/ron-johnson-defeats-russ-feingold-in-wisconsin-s-u-s/article_43e418f1-ec66-5aeb-8f37-702d2e52e134.html|title=Ron Johnson defeats Russ Feingold in Wisconsin's U.S. Senate race|newspaper=[[Wisconsin State Journal]]|date=November 9, 2016|access-date=November 9, 2016|first1=Mark|last1=Sommerhauser|first2=Steven|last2=Verburg}}</ref> In 2020, Feingold became president of the [[American Constitution Society]].

==Early life, education, and career==
Feingold was born in [[Janesville, Wisconsin]], to a [[American Jews|Jewish]] family. His grandparents were immigrants from [[Russia]] and [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicia]].<ref>U.S. Census, January 1, 1920, Wisconsin, Rock County, Janesville, enumeration district 112, p. 22-B, family 556. U.S. Census, January 1, 1920, Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, enumeration district 109, p. 2-A, family 29. Rachel Binstock entry; SS ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' Passenger Manifest, 17 February 1913, p. 932, line 8.</ref> His father, Leon Feingold (1912–1980), was an attorney; his mother, Sylvia Feingold (née Binstock; 1918–2005), worked at a [[title (property)|title]] company. Feingold was one of four children. Feingold's father and his older brother David, a [[Vietnam War]] conscientious objector, were the major influences on his political development as a youth.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Martelle|first1=Scott|title=Feingold biography just skims the surface|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-jul-23-et-book23-story.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=Los Angeles Times|date=July 23, 2007}}</ref> As a boy he was also involved with the [[BBYO|B'nai B'rith Youth Organization]] and [[Aleph Zadik Aleph]].

In 1972, Feingold volunteered for the [[U.S. presidential election, 1972|presidential campaign]] of [[List of mayors of New York City|New York City mayor]] [[John Lindsay]]. He later supported the presidential campaigns of [[Mo Udall]] and [[Ted Kennedy]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Opin |first=Ken |title=Dole Rip, Gore Fire Up Crowd |publisher=[[Wisconsin State Journal]] |date=August 27, 1996 |url=http://www.madison.com/archives/read.php?ref=/madison.com/html/archive_files/wsj/1996/08/27/9608270138.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206220626/http://www.madison.com/archives/read.php?ref=%2Fmadison.com%2Fhtml%2Farchive_files%2Fwsj%2F1996%2F08%2F27%2F9608270138.php |archive-date=February 6, 2009}}</ref>

After graduating from [[Joseph A. Craig High School]], Feingold attended the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] and graduated in 1975 with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree with [[Latin honors|honors]] in political science. He was a member of the [[Phi Beta Kappa]] honor society and was inducted into the [[Iron Shield Society]], which is considered the highest honor achievable by University of Wisconsin-Madison undergraduate students.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron Shield Society » Wisconsin Union |url=https://union.wisc.edu/get-involved/iron-shield-society/ |access-date=2022-09-05 |website=union.wisc.edu}}</ref> Feingold then went to [[Magdalen College, Oxford|Magdalen College]] at the [[University of Oxford]] on a [[Rhodes Scholarship]], where he graduated in 1977 with a [[British undergraduate degree classification|first-class honours]] Bachelor of Arts in jurisprudence. Upon returning to the U.S., he attended [[Harvard Law School]], receiving his [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]] with honors in 1979.<ref name=fact/><ref>[https://rhodesscholars.wordpress.com/2008/11/06/russ-feingold/ How Rhodes Scholars Think]; Ben Eastaugh and Chris Sternal-Johnson; 2009</ref>

Feingold worked as an attorney at the private law firms of [[Foley & Lardner]] and La Follette & Sinykin from 1979 until 1985.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kertscher|first1=Tom|title=Ron Johnson ad says Sen. Russ Feingold has never held a job outside of politics|url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2010/sep/14/ron-johnson/ron-johnson-ad-says-sen-russ-feingold-has-never-he/|access-date=10 February 2016|agency=PolitiFact|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=September 14, 2010}}</ref>

==Wisconsin Senate==
In 1982, Feingold was elected to the [[Wisconsin Senate]], where he served for ten years until his election to the [[United States Senate]]. After he was elected to the United States Senate, Feingold was succeeded in the state senate by [[Joe Wineke]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/WI/WI-idx?type=goto&id=WI.WIBlueBk1985&isize=M&submit=Go+to+page&page=75|title=The State: The state of Wisconsin 1985-1986 blue book: Biographies and pictures|work=wisc.edu}}</ref>

==U.S. Senate==
[[File:Russ Feingold Official Portrait 3.jpg|thumb|2009 official portrait of Feingold]]

=== Elections ===

==== 1992 ====
{{Main|1992 United States Senate election in Wisconsin}}

Feingold's senatorial career began in 1992 with a victory over incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] Senator [[Bob Kasten]]. Feingold had little name recognition in the state and was campaigning in a primary against Congressman [[Jim Moody]] and businessman Joe Checota, but adopted several proposals to gain the electorate's attention. He painted five promises on his garage door, calling it a [[contract]] with Wisconsin voters.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Stiles|first1=Andrew|title=Feingold Breaks Garage Door Promise|url=http://www.nationalreview.com/battle-10/251410/feingold-breaks-garage-door-promise-andrew-stiles|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=National Review|date=October 28, 2010}}</ref> Among Feingold's promises was a pledge to rely on Wisconsin citizens for most of his contributions<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drusch|first1=Andrea|title=Feingold's Early Fundraising Breaks Longtime Campaign-Finance Pledge|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/08/feingolds-early-fundraising-breaks-longtime-campaign-finance-pledge/435132/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=The Atlantic|date=August 13, 2015}}</ref> and a pledge to hold a "listening session" in each of [[List of counties in Wisconsin|Wisconsin's 72 counties]] each year he was in office.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ross|first1=JR|title=Russ Feingold and His Ghosts|url=http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/05/russ-feingold-ghosts-117974|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Politico|date=May 14, 2015}}</ref><ref name=tune>{{cite news|last1=Nelson|first1=James B.|title=Russ Feingold changes his tune on campaign contributions|url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2015/oct/28/russ-feingold/russ-feingold-changes-his-tune-campaign-contributi/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=PolitiFact|date=October 28, 2015}}</ref>

Feingold released an advertisement featuring an [[Elvis Presley]] impersonator endorsing his candidacy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wisconsin Senate: The Candidates|newspaper=Washington Post|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/keyraces98/wisen/candidates.htm|access-date=June 5, 2007|date=September 9, 1998}}</ref> His Republican opponent, [[Bob Kasten]], responded to the ad with one of his own featuring another Elvis impersonator attacking Feingold's record.<ref>{{cite news|last=Marcus |first=Greil |title=The Elvis Test |work=[[San Francisco Examiner]] |date=January 17, 1993 |url=http://eyecandypromo.com/GM/Elvistest.html |access-date=June 6, 2007 |archive-date=April 5, 2007 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070405205820/http://eyecandypromo.com/GM/Elvistest.html }}</ref>

During the primary campaign, Feingold unveiled an 82-point plan that aimed to eliminate the [[Government budget deficit|deficit]] by the end of his first term.<ref>{{cite news |last=Odegard |first=Sue |title=Feingold tackles health care, capital punishment, COPS grants at River Falls Listening Session |publisher=River Falls Journal|year=1999|url= http://rivertowns.net/news1999/rfjrival/week46/frontpage/np/LOCAB06.HTM|access-date=June 6, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031127131632/http://www.rivertowns.net/news1999/rfjrival/week46/frontpage/np/LOCAB06.HTM|archive-date=November 27, 2003}}</ref> The plan called for a raise in [[tax]]es and cuts in the [[United States Department of Defense|defense budget]], among other things, and was derided as "extremist" by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]] and "too [[Liberalism|liberal]]" by his Democratic opponents. Feingold also announced his support for strict [[Campaign finance reform in the United States|campaign finance reform]] and a [[universal health care|national health care system]] and voiced his opposition to [[term limit]]s and new [[tax cuts]].<ref name="national-review-proxmire">{{cite news|last=Sykes |first=Charles J. |title=The next Bill Proxmire? — US Senate race between Democrat Russ Feingold and Republican Robert W. Kasten in Wisconsin |publisher=[[National Review]] |date=November 2, 1992 |url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n21_v44/ai_12936559 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060212211439/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n21_v44/ai_12936559 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 12, 2006 |access-date=June 6, 2007 }}</ref>

Feingold won by positioning himself as a quirky underdog who offered voters an alternative to what was seen by many as negative campaigning of opponents [[Jim Moody]] and Joe Checota.<ref name="wagner-blog">{{cite web|last=Wagner|first=Jeff|title=A Republican Senator from Wisconsin in 2004?|publisher=[[WTMJ-AM]] |date=September 17, 2004|url= http://www.620wtmj.com/_content/talk/jeffwagner/index.asp?id=14&entry=4202|access-date=June 6, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060103021529/http://www.620wtmj.com/_content/talk/jeffwagner/index.asp?id=14&entry=4202|archive-date=January 3, 2006}}</ref> On primary day, Feingold, who had polled in the single digits during much of the campaign, won 70% of the vote.<ref name="national-review-proxmire" /> Seven weeks later, while [[Bill Clinton]], [[George H. W. Bush]], and [[Ross Perot]] split the Wisconsin presidential vote 41%-37%-21%, Feingold beat Kasten, 53% to 46%.<ref name="wagner-blog" />

==== 1998 ====
{{Main|1998 United States Senate election in Wisconsin}}
During his 1998 reelection campaign, Feingold was outspent by his Republican opponent, Representative [[Mark Neumann]], and targeted by the [[National Republican Senatorial Committee]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Nichols |first=John |title=Rockin' in the Real World |work=[[The Nation]] |date=September 22, 2002 |url=http://www.thenation.com/blogs/thebeat?pid=83 |access-date=June 6, 2007 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120915084605/http://www.thenation.com/blogs/thebeat?pid=83 |archive-date=September 15, 2012 }}</ref> Feingold placed a cap on his own [[fundraising]], pledging not to raise or spend more than $3.8 million (one dollar for every citizen of Wisconsin) during the campaign, and turning away Democratic Party [[Soft money#Hard money and soft money|soft money]].<ref name=cnn>{{cite magazine|last1=Ratnesar|first1=Romesh|title=The system bites back|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/time/1998/10/19/wisc.feingold.html|access-date=10 February 2016|magazine=Time|publisher=CNN|date=October 26, 1998}}</ref> He requested that several [[lobby group]]s, including the [[AFL–CIO]] and the [[League of Conservation Voters]], refrain from airing pro-Feingold "issue ads".<ref name=pbs>{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/shields&gigot/october98/sg_10-30.html |title=Online NewsHour |access-date=10 February 2016 |publisher=PBS |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000305162627/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/shields%26gigot/october98/sg_10-30.html |archive-date=5 March 2000}}</ref> Some Democrats were angry at Feingold for "putting his career at risk" with these self-imposed limits.<ref name=pbs/> Neumann also limited himself to $3.8 million in spending, but allowed soft money to be used in his favor by outside groups.<ref name="cnn" /> A strong showing in the Democratic strongholds of [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]] and [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]] allowed Feingold to win the election by about two percentage points.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Morton|first1=Bruce|last2=Rothenberg|first2=Stuart|title=Feingold survives bid by Republican Neumann|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/11/03/election/senate/wisconsin/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=CNN}}</ref>

==== 2004 ====
{{Main|2004 United States Senate election in Wisconsin}}

In the [[U.S. Senate election, 2004|2004 Senate election]], Feingold defeated the Republican candidate, businessman Tim Michels, by 11 percentage points (55%-44%), earning a third term.<ref>{{cite web|title=2004 Statewide Election Results|url=http://www.gab.wi.gov/sites/default/files/2004_FallElection_Results_Summary.pdf|publisher=Government Accountability Board|access-date=10 February 2016|archive-date=13 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813132113/http://www.gab.wi.gov/sites/default/files/2004_FallElection_Results_Summary.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> During the campaign, Feingold refrained from imposing spending caps on himself as he had in the past, and raised and spent almost $11 million. In 2004, Feingold spent nearly $3.7 million, or about 67%, more than his opponent. [[PolitiFact.com]] rated Feingold's frequent assertion that he had been outspent by opponents in every U.S. Senate election "pants on fire."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kertscher|first1=Tom|title=Russ Feingold says he's been outspent by opponents in every U.S. Senate election|url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2010/sep/20/russ-feingold/russ-feingold-says-hes-been-outspent-opponents-eve/|access-date=10 February 2016|agency=PolitiFact|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=September 20, 2010}}</ref>

In late December 2004, Feingold was appointed to be one of four deputy [[whip (politics)|whips]] for the Senate Democrats.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Moyers|first1=Bill|title=Senator Russ Feingold|url=https://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/12052008/profile.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=PBS|date=December 5, 2008}}</ref>

==== 2010 ====
{{main|2010 United States Senate election in Wisconsin}}
Feingold was defeated for reelection on November 2, 2010, by [[Oshkosh, Wisconsin|Oshkosh]] businessman [[Ron Johnson]], 52% to 47%.<ref>{{cite journal| url=http://www.newsweek.com/what-feingolds-loss-means-progressives-69751 | title=What Feingold's Loss Means for Progressives | author=Johnson, Dirk | journal=[[Newsweek]] | date=November 2, 2010}}</ref>

==== 2016 ====
{{main|2016 United States Senate election in Wisconsin}}

On May 14, 2015, Feingold announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate against the incumbent, Republican [[Ron Johnson]].<ref name=politico/>

In his 2016 campaign, Feingold said he would no longer adhere to his longstanding pledge to raise the majority of his campaign funds from Wisconsin residents. Feingold said the pledge had been made on an election-to-election basis and no longer made sense.<ref name=tune/><ref>{{cite news|last1=Gilbert|first1=Craig|title=Johnson hits Feingold for dropping past fundraising pledge|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/johnson-hits-feingold-for-dropping-past-fundraising-pledge-b99556775z1-321819341.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=August 13, 2015}}</ref> As of March 2016, Feingold had raised the most money among all U.S. Senate candidates challenging an incumbent. Nearly three-fourths of his individual contributions were from outside Wisconsin.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sommerhauser|first1=Mark|title=Russ Feingold's national profile powers fundraising, but out-of-state money rankles critics|url=http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/russ-feingold-s-national-profile-powers-fundraising-but-out-of/article_58a558c5-7317-5fd7-9f6d-892197a0a5a0.html|access-date=28 March 2016|publisher=Wisconsin State Journal|date=March 13, 2016}}</ref>

Groups financially supporting Feingold's election bid included [[Planned Parenthood]], the [[League of Conservation Voters]], [[American Bridge 21st Century]], and the [[National Abortion Rights Action League]].<ref name=outside/> In May 2016, Senator [[Bernie Sanders]] endorsed Feingold and engaged in fundraising for him.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2016/05/bernie-sanders-russ-feingold-223603|title=Sanders fundraising for Russ Feingold|website=[[Politico]] |date=26 May 2016 }}</ref>

In the November 8, 2016, general election, Feingold was defeated by Johnson. Feingold received slightly less than 47%, and Johnson received slightly more than 50%, of the vote.<ref name="NYT1">{{cite news|title=Wisconsin U.S. Senate Results: Ron Johnson Wins|url=https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/wisconsin-senate-johnson-feingold|access-date=17 November 2016|work=The New York Times|date=November 16, 2016}}</ref>

===Committee assignments===
* '''[[United States Senate Committee on Budget|Committee on the Budget]]'''
* '''[[United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Committee on the Judiciary]]'''
** [[United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight and the Courts|Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight and the Courts]]
** [[United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution|Subcommittee on the Constitution]] (chairman)
** [[United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Drugs|Subcommittee on Crime and Drugs]]
* '''[[United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations|Committee on Foreign Relations]]'''
** [[United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs|Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs]]
** [[United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African Affairs|Subcommittee on African Affairs]] (chairman)
** [[United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs|Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs]]
** [[United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on International Operations and Organizations, Democracy and Human Rights|Subcommittee on International Operations and Organizations, Democracy and Human Rights]]
* '''[[United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence|Select Committee on Intelligence]]'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Biography of U.S. Senator Russ Feingold |url=http://feingold.senate.gov/news/biography.html |publisher=U.S. Senator Russ Feingold |access-date=10 February 2016 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326191721/http://feingold.senate.gov/news/biography.html |archive-date=March 26, 2008 }}</ref>

==Tenure==
[[File:U.S. Senator Russ Feingold signs down as a member of Working America, August 4, 2008.jpg|thumb|left|Feingold signs up as a member of [[Working America]], August 4, 2008.]]
During his time in the U.S. Senate, Feingold gained a reputation as a political maverick with an independent streak. When he broke with his own party, it was often because he was taking a more liberal or populist position than other Democrats.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nichols|first1=John|title=Russ Feingold, the Senate's True Maverick|url=http://www.thenation.com/article/russ-feingold-senates-true-maverick/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=The Nation|date=September 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name=maverick/> Throughout his congressional tenure, several ranking systems placed Feingold among the nation's most liberal or progressive senators.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Silver|first1=Nate|title=Liberal-Conservative Rankings Done Right|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/liberal-conservative-rankings-done/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=FiveThirtyEight|date=June 10, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Corasaniti|first1=Nick|title=Russ Feingold Will Run for Senate in Wisconsin|url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2015/05/14/russ-feingold-will-run-for-senate-in-wisconsin/|access-date=10 February 2016|work=New York Times|date=May 14, 2015}}</ref>

During the [[impeachment trial of Bill Clinton]], Feingold was the only Democratic senator to vote against a motion to dismiss Congress's impeachment case against President [[Bill Clinton]]. Feingold ultimately voted against conviction on all charges.<ref name=maverick>{{cite news|last1=Gilbert|first1=Craig|title=Feingold's votes support maverick label|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/103218149.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=September 19, 2010}}</ref>

Feingold opposed [[North American Free Trade Agreement|NAFTA]] and numerous other [[free trade]] agreements.<ref name=maverick/>

[[File:Wisconsin labor leaders with Senator Russ Feingold.jpg|thumb|Feingold with labor leaders in [[Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]], September 1, 2008.]]
In 2001, Feingold was the only senator to vote against the [[Patriot Act]] (H.R. 3162).<ref>{{cite news|last1=Friedersdorf|first1=Conor|title=Russ Feingold Tried to Warn Us About Section 215 of the Patriot Act|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/06/russ-feingold-tried-to-warn-us-about-section-215-of-the-patriot-act/276878/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=The Atlantic|date=June 14, 2013}}</ref> Also in 2001, Feingold voted for the confirmation of [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]] [[John Ashcroft]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Feingold vote paves way for Ashcroft|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2001/jan/31/20010131-020936-9536r/|access-date=10 February 2016|work=Washington Times|date=January 31, 2001}}</ref>

On December 21, 2004, Feingold wrote an article for the website ''[[Salon (website)|Salon]]'' about a golfing trip to [[Greenville, Alabama]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Feingold|first=Russ|title=Goin' South|work=[[Salon.com]]|date=December 21, 2004|url= http://www.salon.com/2004/12/21/alabama_6/|access-date=June 6, 2007}}</ref> After noting how friendly the people were, and that [[Wisconsin]] had many similar places, he expressed his sorrow that such a poverty-stricken area was "the [[Red state vs. blue state divide|reddest]] spot on the whole map" despite Republican policies that Feingold considered destructive to the well-being of the poor and middle class. [[Governor of Alabama|Alabama Governor]] [[Bob Riley (Alabama)|Bob Riley]] and Greenville Mayor Dexter McLendon, both Republicans, were perturbed at Feingold's description of "check-cashing stores and abject [[trailer parks]], and some of the hardest-used cars for sale on a very rundown lot." McLendon invited Feingold back for a more complete tour of the city, and Feingold agreed. He visited the city on March 28, 2005, making amends and increasing speculation about his presidential plans for 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Gilbert|first=Craig|title=Feingold in Dixie on mission of diplomacy|publisher=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]]|date=March 29, 2005 |url= http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=313522|access-date=June 6, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060820171046/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=313522 |archive-date= August 20, 2006}}</ref>

In May 2006, Feingold voted in favor of bill S.2611, the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2006, an [[immigration reform]] bill that was designed to give most illegal immigrants a chance to become legal citizens.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Umhoefer|first1=Dave|title=Ron Johnson says U.S. Sen. Russ Feingold voted to give Social Security benefits to illegal immigrants|url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2010/nov/01/ron-johnson/ron-johnson-says-us-sen-russ-feingold-voted-give-s/|access-date=10 February 2016|agency=PolitiFact|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=November 1, 2010}}</ref>

Feingold co-sponsored a number of failed bills calling for the abolition of the death penalty.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Isenstadt|first1=Alex|title=Feingold pushes end to death penalty|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2009/03/feingold-pushes-end-to-death-penalty-020258|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Politico|date=March 20, 2009}}</ref><ref name=atlantic>{{cite news|last1=Friedersdorf|first1=Conor|title=Comparing Hillary Clinton to Russ Feingold, Whose Record Is Better?|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/06/hillary-clinton-vs-russ-feingold-a-wake-up-call-for-democrats/372553/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=The Atlantic|date=June 11, 2014}}</ref>

In 2009, Feingold voted against confirmation of [[Timothy Geithner]] to be [[United States Secretary of the Treasury]], citing Geithner's personal tax issues.<ref>{{cite news|title=Uphill in Wisconsin|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/13/opinion/13wed1.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=New York Times|date=October 12, 2010}}</ref> Also in 2009, Feingold announced that he was planning to introduce a [[constitutional amendment]] that would prohibit [[governor]]s from making temporary Senate appointments instead of holding special elections.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Thrush|first1=Glenn|title=Feingold wants Constitutional amendment to ban gov appointments|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/on-congress/2009/01/feingold-wants-constitutional-amendment-to-ban-gov-appointments-015648|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Politico|date=January 25, 2009}}</ref>

Feingold cosponsored the Veterans Health Care Budget Reform and Transparency Act, which was signed into law in October 2009.<ref>{{cite news|title=Obama signs Feingold sponsored bill|url=http://www.wkow.com/story/11369688/obama-signs-feingold-sponsored-bill|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=WKOW|date=October 22, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811111035/http://www.wkow.com/story/11369688/obama-signs-feingold-sponsored-bill|archive-date=2018-08-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Campaign finance reform===
Feingold is perhaps best known for his work with Senator [[John McCain]] on the [[Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act]] of 2002, better known as the McCain–Feingold Act.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Taylor|first1=Jessica|title=Taking Aim At Money In Politics, Feingold Announces Comeback Bid|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2015/05/14/406700612/taking-aim-at-money-in-politics-feingold-announces-comeback-bid|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=National Public Radio|date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> The legislation, which took seven years to pass, became defunct in the wake of several U.S. Supreme Court decisions.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Schouten|first1=Fredreka|title=Avalanche of big money headed Feingold's way in Senate rematch|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2016/2015/05/14/russ-feingold-campaign-finance-crusader-will-face-unlimited-political-money-in-senate-race/27324133/#|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=USA Today|date=May 14, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Seelye|first1=Katharine|title=In Feingold's Loss, Independents Turn on One of Their Own|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/05/us/politics/05feingold.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=New York Times|date=November 4, 2010}}</ref>

===Wall Street reform===
On May 20, 2010, Feingold was one of two [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] senators to vote against the [[Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act|Dodd–Frank]] Wall Street reform bill,<ref>[https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=111&session=2&vote=00162 "U.S. Senate: Roll Call Vote"], ''[[United States Senate]]'', May 20, 2010</ref> citing his belief that the measures did not go far enough.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dennis |first=Brady |date=2010-07-16 |title=Congress passes financial reform bill |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/15/AR2010071500464.html |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=2015-06-24 }}</ref> On July 15, 2010, he became the only Democratic senator to vote against the bill when it was brought up again; it passed by a 60–39 vote.<ref>[https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=111&session=2&vote=00208 "U.S. Senate: Roll Call Vote"], ''[[United States Senate]]'', July 15, 2010</ref>

===Patriot Act===
[[File:Feingold Patriot Act Remarks.jpg|thumb|left|Feingold speaking on the Senate floor about his opposition to the [[Patriot Act]], October 25, 2001.]]

Feingold was the only senator to vote against the [[Patriot Act]] when it was first introduced in 2001,<ref name=Good>{{cite journal| url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/02/rand-paul-vs-the-patriot-act/71323/ | title=Rand Paul vs. the PATRIOT Act | author=Good, Chris | journal=[[The Atlantic]] | date=February 15, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 107th Congress — 1st Session|publisher=[[U.S. Senate]]|url= https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&session=1&vote=00313|access-date=June 6, 2007}}</ref> saying that its provisions infringed upon citizens' [[civil liberties]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Feingold|first=Russ|title=Russell Feingold — On Opposing The U.S.A. Patriot Act|publisher=Archipelago|date=October 12, 2001|url= http://www.archipelago.org/vol6-2/feingold.htm|access-date=June 6, 2007}}</ref>

When the bill was up for renewal in late December 2005, Feingold led a [[Bipartisanship|bipartisan]] coalition of senators – including [[Lisa Murkowski]], [[Ken Salazar]], [[Larry Craig]], [[Dick Durbin]] and [[John E. Sununu|John Sununu]]  – to remove some of the act's more controversial provisions.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nichols|first1=John|title=Feingold Beats Bush In Patriot Act Fight|url=http://www.thenation.com/article/feingold-beats-bush-patriot-act-fight/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=The Nation|date=December 16, 2015}}</ref> Feingold led a [[filibuster]] against renewal of the act. In February 2006, the Senate voted 96–3 to break the filibuster and to extend the Patriot Act.<ref>{{cite news|title=Senate ends filibuster of Patriot Act|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2006/feb/17/20060217-125721-4105r/?page=all|access-date=10 February 2016|work=Washington Times|date=February 17, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kellman|first1=Laurie|title=Feingold filibusters Patriot Act extension|url=https://www.boston.com/news/nation/washington/articles/2006/02/16/feingold_filibusters_patriot_act_extension/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=The Boston Globe|date=February 16, 2006}}</ref>

In 2009, when the act was again up for reauthorization, Feingold introduced the [[JUSTICE Act (S. 1686)]] "To place reasonable safeguards on the use of surveillance and other authorities under the USA PATRIOT Act."<ref>{{cite web|title= S. 1686|url= http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s111-1686 |publisher= govtrack.us|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref> Senator [[Patrick Leahy]] then introduced an alternative bill, about which Feingold later said "...while narrower than the JUSTICE Act that Senator Durbin and I have championed, [it] did contain several important and necessary protections for the privacy of innocent Americans." After what Feingold saw as the further watering down of civil liberty protections in the bill, it passed out of the [[United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Senate Judiciary Committee]] on October 8 by a vote of 11 to 8<ref>{{cite web|author= Bankston, Kevin|title= Obama Sides with Republicans; PATRIOT Act Renewal Bill Passes Senate Judiciary Committee Minus Critical Civil Liberties Reforms|date= 8 October 2009|url= https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2009/10/obama-sides-republicans-patriot-act-renewal-bill-p|publisher= Electronic Frontier Foundation|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref> with Feingold voting against it.<ref>{{cite web|author= Feingold, Russ|title= It's Not the Prosecutors' Committee, it's the Judiciary Committee|url= http://www.dailykos.com/story/2009/10/8/791144/-Its-Not-the-Prosecutors-Committee,-its-the-Judiciary-Committee|publisher= Daily Kos|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref>

===War in Iraq===
Feingold was one of 23 senators to vote against [[Iraq Resolution|H.J. Resolution 114]], which authorized President [[George W. Bush]] to use force against [[Iraq]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 107th Congress — 2nd Session|publisher=[[U.S. Senate]]|url= https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&session=2&vote=00237 |access-date= January 4, 2011}}</ref>

On August 17, 2005, he became the first senator to call for the withdrawal of troops from Iraq and urge that a timetable for that withdrawal be set. He called other Democrats "timid" for refusing to take action sooner, and suggested December 31, 2006, as the date for total withdrawal of troops. On the subject of Bush's assertion that a deadline would be helpful to Iraqi [[Iraqi insurgency (Iraq War)|insurgents]], Feingold said, "I think he's wrong. I think not talking about [[Glossary of chess#Endgame|endgames]] is playing into our enemies' hand."<ref name="autogenerated1" />

On April 27, 2006, Feingold announced that he would move to amend an [[Appropriation (law)|appropriations]] bill granting $106.5 billion in emergency spending measure for Iraq and [[Hurricane Katrina]] relief to require that troops withdraw completely from Iraq.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hulse|first=Carl|title=Tough road ahead on Iraq funding|work=[[San Jose Mercury News]]|date=April 27, 2007|url= http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_5762762|access-date=June 6, 2007}}</ref>

===Call for a vote of censure against President Bush===
On March 14, 2006, Feingold introduced a resolution in the Senate to [[censure in the United States|censure]] President Bush.<ref>{{cite web|title=Relating to the censure of George W. Bush. (Introduced in Senate)|publisher=[[Library of Congress]]|date=March 13, 2006|url=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c109:S.RES.398:|access-date=June 6, 2007|archive-date=October 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017203958/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c109:S.RES.398:|url-status=dead}}</ref> This was a result of allegations of [[warrantless wiretapping|illegal wiretapping]] under the [[Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act]] of 1978 (FISA), which mandates use of a [[surveillance]] court for approval of [[wiretaps]] on Americans. Feingold made a 25-minute speech on the Senate floor, declaring that Congress must "hold the president accountable for his actions". It received support from Senators [[Tom Harkin]] of [[Iowa]] and [[Barbara Boxer]] of [[California]], but most Democratic senators avoided expressing an opinion on it. Senators [[John Kerry]] of [[Massachusetts]] and [[Patrick Leahy]] of [[Vermont]] expressed support for the bill, but Feingold was able to find only three co-sponsors.

Feingold again called for Bush's censure in July 2007 for his management of the Iraq war, accusing him of mounting an "assault" against the [[United States Constitution]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/22/AR2007072200386.html | title=Sen. Feingold Proposes Censuring Bush | newspaper=Washington Post | date=July 22, 2007 | access-date=March 3, 2015}}</ref>

===Health care policy===
[[File:Senator Russ Feingold.jpg|thumb|right|Feingold in 2005.]]
Feingold supports the creation of a system of [[universal health care]] in America. During his first run for the Senate, he endorsed the [[Single-payer healthcare|single-payer model]], in which the government pays for all healthcare costs.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sen. Russ Feingold (D-Wisconsin)|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/06/05/AR2006060500236.html|access-date=11 February 2016|newspaper=Washington Post|date=June 5, 2006}}</ref>

On July 24, 2006, at a [[news conference|press conference]] at the Martin Luther King Heritage Health Center in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]], Feingold announced that he had authored the State-Based Health Care Reform Act, a bill to create a [[pilot program]] for a system of universal healthcare under which each [[U.S. state]] would create a program to provide its citizenry with universal health insurance and the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] would provide the funding. The bill would create a [[non-partisan|nonpartisan]] "Health Care Reform Task Force," which would provide five-year [[federal grant]]s to two or three states. The program was expected to cost $32 billion over 10 years.<ref>{{cite news |last=Schmid |first=John|title=Feingold would give states sway over health care|publisher=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]]|date=July 24, 2006|url= http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=475836 |access-date= June 6, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060823221828/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=475836|archive-date=August 23, 2006}}</ref>

Feingold voted for the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]] that passed the Senate on December 24, 2009.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kertscher|first1=Tom|title=Russ Feingold cast deciding vote on Obamacare, Ron Johnson says|url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2015/may/27/ron-johnson/russ-feingold-cast-deciding-vote-pave-way-obamacar/|access-date=11 February 2016|agency=PolitiFact|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=May 27, 2015}}</ref>

===Gun policy===
Feingold has voted in favor of certain gun-control legislation while also voting to expand certain gun rights.<ref name=guns>{{cite news|last1=Gilbert|first1=Craig|title=Feingold blurs lines on gun rights|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/100703729.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=August 14, 2010}}</ref> He signed the congressional amicus brief in ''[[District of Columbia v. Heller]]'', the U.S. Supreme Court case that overturned a handgun ban in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gilbert|first1=Craig|title=D.C. case will examine individual vs. collective right to bear arms|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/president/29496954.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=March 18, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216011917/http://www.jsonline.com/news/president/29496954.html|archive-date=16 February 2016}}</ref>

Feingold has voted in favor of bills to require [[background check]]s for handgun buyers, to require background checks for firearms purchases at [[gun show]]s, and to require that handguns be sold with [[trigger lock]]s.<ref name=guns/> He supported President Barack Obama's 2016 executive orders to expand background checks and strengthen enforcement of existing gun laws.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Cieslewicz|first1=Dave|title=Feingold steps up on guns|url=http://isthmus.com/opinion/citizen-dave/feingold-steps-up-on-guns/|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Isthmus|date=January 13, 2016}}</ref>

===Social issues===
Feingold supports abortion rights.<ref name=outside>{{cite news|last1=Bice|first1=Daniel|title=Big money pouring into Senate race|url=http://www.jsonline.com/watchdog/noquarter/money-pouring-into-Senate-race-322638532.html|access-date=10 February 2016|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=August 23, 2015}}</ref>

In 1996, Feingold was in a minority of legislators who voted against the [[Defense of Marriage Act]], which President Bill Clinton signed into law.<ref name=atlantic/> In an April 4, 2006 interview, Feingold announced that he favored the legalization of [[same-sex marriage]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Balz|first1=Dan|title=Feingold Backs Legalizing Same-Sex Marriages|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/04/AR2006040401624.html|access-date=10 February 2016|newspaper=Washington Post|date=April 5, 2006}}</ref>

On May 18, 2006, Feingold walked out of a meeting of the [[United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Senate Judiciary Committee]] shortly before a vote on a [[Federal Marriage Amendment|constitutional amendment]] to ban same-sex marriage. Feingold objected to both the amendment and decision of Chairman [[Arlen Specter]] (R-PA at the time) to move the meeting to an area of the [[United States Capitol|Capitol Building]] not open to the public. Later that day, the committee voted to send the amendment to the full Senate.<ref>{{cite news|title=Senate committee approves gay marriage ban|work=[[NBC News]]|date=May 18, 2006|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna12853948|access-date=June 5, 2007}}</ref>

==2008 possible presidential bid==
[[File:Russ Feingold 01A.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Feingold on the campaign trail, stumping for [[Maria Cantwell]] (D-WA), October 2006.]]

In late January 2005, Feingold told the [[Tiger Bay Club]] of [[Volusia County, Florida]] that he intended to travel around the country before deciding whether or not to run in 2008.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gilbert |first=Craig|title=Feingold sizes up presidential race|work=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]] |date=February 4, 2005 |url=http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=298859|access-date=June 6, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061031122026/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=298859 |archive-date=October 31, 2006}}</ref> In March 2005, his Senate campaign staff registered the domain <nowiki>www.russfeingold08.com</nowiki>, as well as the .org and .net versions.<ref>{{cite news|last=Conklin|first=Melanie|title=Feingold For Virtual President 2008|work=[[Wisconsin State Journal]]|date=March 16, 2005|url=http://www.madison.com/archives/read.php?ref=/wsj/2005/03/16/0503160325.php|access-date=June 6, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206220632/http://www.madison.com/archives/read.php?ref=%2Fwsj%2F2005%2F03%2F16%2F0503160325.php|archive-date=February 6, 2009}}</ref> On June 1, 2005, Feingold launched a [[political action committee]] (PAC), the Progressive Patriots Fund. A "draft Feingold" movement was established independently of his campaign.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.runrussrun.com/ |title=Draft Russ Feingold for President |work=runrussrun.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403222846/http://www.runrussrun.com/ |archive-date=April 3, 2007}}</ref>

On August 17, 2005, Feingold became the first U.S. Senator of either party to suggest a firm date for American withdrawal from the [[Iraq War]], saying that he favored a complete withdrawal by no later than December 31, 2006.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news|last=Baker|first=Peter|title=Feingold Urges Troop Withdrawal By End of '06|newspaper=Washington Post|date=August 18, 2005|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/08/17/AR2005081701778.html|access-date=June 6, 2007}}</ref>

Feingold supported [[John Roberts Supreme Court nomination|John Roberts's Supreme Court nomination]] in September 2005, and was one of three Democrats on the [[U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Senate Judiciary Committee]] to vote in favor of sending the nomination to the floor for a final vote. Feingold graduated from Harvard Law School the same year as [[John Roberts|Roberts]], 1979.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nichols|first1=John|title=Most Disappointing Vote for John Roberts|url=http://www.thenation.com/article/most-disappointing-vote-john-roberts/|access-date=11 February 2016|work=The Nation|date=September 22, 2005}}</ref> Four months later, in January 2006, he voted against [[Samuel Alito]]'s nomination to the Court in committee and against [[cloture]] of debate on the nomination.<ref>{{cite news|title=Update: Kohl & Feingold Vote Against Alito|url=http://www.wsaw.com/news/headlines/2222846.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729133350/http://www.wsaw.com/news/headlines/2222846.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 29, 2014|access-date=11 February 2016|publisher=WSAW|date=January 24, 2006}}</ref>

Considered a long shot for president, Feingold announced in November 2006 that he would not seek his party's nomination in 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sarasohn|first1=Judy |title=Feingold Won't Seek Democratic Nomination in 2008|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/12/AR2006111200269.html |access-date=11 February 2016|newspaper=Washington Post|date=November 12, 2006}}</ref> He said that a presidential campaign would detract from his focus on the Senate, and the resulting scrutiny "would dismantle both my professional life (in the Senate) and my personal life."<ref name="ruled_out" /> In his parting comments he warned his supporters against supporting anyone for the presidency who voted for the Iraq War, whether they later regretted it or not, saying his first choice for president in 2008 was someone who voted against the war, and his second choice is someone who was not in Congress but spoke out against the war at the time.<ref name="ruled_out" />

On February 22, 2008, he said he had voted for Obama in Wisconsin's [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] presidential primary election.<ref>[http://www.madison.com/tct/news/273831 Feingold: I voted for Obama]. February 22, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225185334/http://www.madison.com/tct/news/273831 |date=February 25, 2008}}</ref>

== Post-congressional career ==
Following his 2010 defeat, Feingold was appointed a visiting professor at [[Marquette University Law School]].{{citation needed|date=October 2019}} He wrote a book titled ''While America Sleeps: A Wake-Up Call to the Post-9/11 World'', and supported Obama's [[Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012|reelection]] in [[2012 United States presidential election|2012]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/05/feingold-plans-book-and-teaching-stint/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105185436/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/05/feingold-plans-book-and-teaching-stint/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 5, 2012|title=Feingold plans book and teaching stint|first=Peter|last=Hamby|date=January 5, 2011|access-date=January 6, 2011 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> In February 2012, it was announced that Feingold would be a co-chair of Obama's reelection campaign.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/politico44/2012/02/obama-campaign-announces-cochairs-115161.html|title=Obama campaign announces co-chairs|author=Byron Tau|work=Politico}}</ref> In 2012, he was the Mimi and Peter E. Haas Distinguished Visitor at [[Stanford Law School]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/october/feingold-haas-center-100311.html|title=Former Sen. Feingold to serve as distinguished visitor at Stanford's Haas Center|date=October 3, 2011|publisher=Stanford University|last1=Leighton|first1=Joy|access-date=11 February 2016}}</ref> In 2012–13, he was the Stephen Edward Scarff Distinguished Visiting professor at [[Lawrence University]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.lawrence.edu/news/2012/07/former-u-s-senator-russ-feingold-named-lawrence-university-scarff-professor.html |title=Former U.S. Senator Russ Feingold Named Lawrence University Scarff Professor |work=Lawrence University News |date=July 10, 2012 |access-date=March 3, 2015}}</ref>

{{multiple image
 | width =
 | image1 = Protest IMG 6550 (5521155317) (Russ 4 Governor).jpg
 | alt1 = Man holding sign reading "Russ 4 Governor"
 | image2 = Russ–Help!!! (50940045987).jpg
 | alt2 = Sign in a crowd of protesters reading "Russ: help!!!"
 | footer = Feingold received encouragement to run for governor of Wisconsin in [[2012 Wisconsin gubernatorial recall election|the 2012 recall election]], but declined to run
}}
In February 2011, Feingold formed Progressives United, a [[Political Action Committee]], and an affiliated nonprofit entity called Progressives United Inc.<ref name=fact/> Progressives United's stated aim was "directly and indirectly supporting candidates who stand up for our progressive ideals."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Epstein|first1=Jennifer|title=Feingold launches progressive PAC|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2011/02/feingold-launches-progressive-pac-049629|access-date=10 February 2016|work=Politico|date=February 16, 2011}}</ref> From 2011 to 2015, the two groups raised and spent $10 million. The PAC has helped raise money for more than 50 progressive candidates, including the largest beneficiary, then-candidate [[Elizabeth Warren]], who successfully defeated incumbent [[Scott Brown (politician)|Scott Brown]] in 2012.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://madison.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/bill-lueders-feingold-cause-plays-big-in-state/article_1fa75d28-ea4e-11e2-ae59-001a4bcf887a.html |title=Bill Lueders: Feingold cause plays big in state |first=Bill |last=Lueders |work=The Cap Times}}</ref> Progressives United Inc. shut down in late 2014, and the Progressives United PAC suspended its fundraising activities in May 2015 in order to avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest with Feingold's 2016 Senate campaign.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bice|first1=Daniel|title=Russ Feingold's PAC funded fees, salaries for former staffers, himself|url=http://www.jsonline.com/watchdog/noquarter/russ-feingolds-pac-funded-salaries-for-former-staffers-himself-b99518602z1-307322531.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=June 15, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Behr|first1=Madeleine|title=What did Feingold's PAC spend its money on?|url=http://www.postcrescent.com/story/news/politics/2015/10/07/what-did-feingolds-pac-spend-its-money/73392202/|access-date=10 February 2016|work=USA Today|date=October 19, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title="Progressives United," PAC founded by Democrat Russ Feingold suspends fundraising|url=http://fox6now.com/2015/05/21/progressives-united-pac-founded-by-democrat-russ-feingold-suspends-fundraising/|access-date=10 February 2016|agency=Associated Press|date=May 21, 2015}}</ref>

Feingold had received encouragement from Democrats to run for office in an expected [[recall election]] against Wisconsin Governor [[Scott Walker (politician)|Scott Walker]], but in August 2011 he announced that he had no plans to run for office in 2012 in either [[2012 Wisconsin gubernatorial recall election|a gubernatorial recall election]] or [[2012 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|the election to Wisconsin's other U.S. senate seat]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=James |first1=Frank |title=Russ Feingold Decides Not To Run For Wis. Governor, U.S. Senate |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2011/08/19/139786843/russ-feingold-decides-not-to-run-for-wis-governor-senate |website=NPR |access-date=25 January 2024 |date=August 19, 2011}}</ref>

[[File:US Special Envoy to the Great Lakes (9782991231).jpg|thumb|As special representative, Feingold meets with UK Foreign Office Minister [[Mark Simmonds]]]]

On June 18, 2013, Feingold was appointed United States Special Representative for the [[African Great Lakes]] region and the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] by United States Secretary of State [[John Kerry]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/06/210779.htm|title=Press Briefing Announcement Regarding Great Lakes Special Representative|publisher=U.S. Department of State|access-date=2019-01-06}}</ref> He announced his departure from the position on February 24, 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usip.org/events/senator-feingold-final-speech-us-special-envoy-the-drc |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222044201/http://www.usip.org/events/senator-feingold-final-speech-us-special-envoy-the-drc |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 22, 2015 |title=Senator Feingold: Final Speech as U.S. Special Envoy to the DRC |publisher=[[United States Institute of Peace]] |date=February 24, 2015 |access-date=March 3, 2015}}</ref>

In 2016, Feingold ran for his former senate seat and lost the election to Johnson again.<ref name="NYT1"/>

In November 2019, Feingold became a member of the ReFormers Caucus of [[Issue One]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.issueone.org/reformers/#reformer-full-list|title = Issue One – ReFormers Caucus| year=2023 }}</ref>

In February 2020, Feingold was named president of the [[American Constitution Society]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thomsen |first1=Jacqueline |title=Russ Feingold Takes the Helm at the American Constitution Society |url=https://www.law.com/nationallawjournal/2020/03/22/nlj_apr2020_1on1_feingold/?slreturn=20200308143958 |access-date=8 April 2020 |agency=The National Law Journal |publisher=Law.com |date=March 22, 2020}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Feingold resides in [[Middleton, Wisconsin]]. He is a member of Beth Hillel Temple in [[Kenosha, Wisconsin]], where his sister, Dena Feingold, is [[rabbi]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Cohen |first1=Leon |title=Kenosha shul celebrates rabbi's 25 years there |url=http://www.jewishchronicle.org/article.php?article_id=12024 |access-date=10 February 2016 |publisher=Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle |date=February 25, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322013918/http://www.jewishchronicle.org/article.php?article_id=12024 |archive-date=22 March 2014}}</ref>

Feingold was married to Sue Levine from 1977 until 1986. They had two children. He married Mary Speerschneider in 1991; in 2005, the couple announced they would divorce.<ref>{{cite news|last=Skiba|first=Katherine M.|title=Feingold, wife announce plans to end marriage|publisher=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]]|date=April 12, 2005|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/nat/apr05/317534.asp|access-date=June 5, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050905061416/http://www.jsonline.com/news/nat/apr05/317534.asp |archive-date=September 5, 2005 }}</ref> In 2013, Feingold married Dr. Christine Ferdinand, a fellow at Magdalen College at Oxford University in England.<ref>{{cite news|last=Holloway|first=Nigel|title=Democrat Oxonian Russ Feingold on his fight to win back Wisconsin|publisher=Oxford Today|date=August 27, 2015|url=http://www.oxfordtoday.ox.ac.uk/interviews/democrat-oxonian-russ-feingold-his-fight-win-back-wisconsin|access-date=September 1, 2015|archive-date=August 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811112927/http://www.oxfordtoday.ox.ac.uk/interviews/democrat-oxonian-russ-feingold-his-fight-win-back-wisconsin|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2011, Feingold received a [[Four Freedoms Award#Freedom Medal|Freedom Medal]] from the [[Roosevelt Institute]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Awards|url=http://rooseveltinstitute.org/fdr-four-freedoms-awards-1/|publisher=Roosevelt Institute|access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref>

==Electoral history==
<!-- The primary could use a source and vote totals...-->
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:90%"
|+1992 U.S. Senate Race — Democratic Primary
!|Candidate
!|Pct
!
!|Candidate
!|Pct
!
!|Candidate
!|Pct
|-
|{{nowrap|'''Russ Feingold'''}}
|69%
|
|[[Jim Moody]]
|14%
|
|Joe Checota
|14%
|}

{|class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ [[List of United States Senators from Wisconsin|Wisconsin Senator (Class III)]] results: 1992–2004<ref name="clerkresults">{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html |title=Election Statistics |access-date=August 8, 2007 |publisher=Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080730201058/http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html |archive-date=July 30, 2008}}</ref>
!|Year
!
!|Democrat
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
!|Republican
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
!|3rd Party
!|Party
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
!|3rd Party
!|Party
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
!|3rd Party
!|Party
!|Votes
!|Pct
!
|-
|[[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 1992|1992]]
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{nowrap|'''Russ Feingold'''}}
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right"|1,290,662
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|53%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|{{nowrap|[[Robert W. Kasten, Jr.|Bob Kasten]]}} (inc.)
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right"|1,129,599
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|46%
|
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|{{nowrap|Patrick W.}} Johnson
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|16,513
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|1%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|William Bittner
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|9,147
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|<1%
|
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|{{nowrap|Mervin A.}} {{nowrap|Hanson, Sr.}}
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|3,264
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|<1%
||'''*'''
|-
|[[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 1998|1998]]
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''Russ Feingold''' (inc.)
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right"|890,059
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|51%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|{{nowrap|[[Mark Neumann]]}}
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right"|852,272
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|48%
|
|{{Party shading/Constitution}}|Robert R. Raymond
|{{Party shading/Constitution}}|[[Constitution Party (United States)|U.S. Taxpayers]]
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} align="right"|7,942
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} align="right"|<1%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|Tom Ender
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|5,591
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|<1%
|
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|Eugene A. Hem
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|4,266
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|<1%
||'''*'''
|-
|[[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 2004|2004]]
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''Russ Feingold''' (inc.)
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right"|1,632,697
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|55%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|Tim Michels
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right"|1,301,183
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|44%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|Arif Khan
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|8,367
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|<1%
|
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|Eugene A. Hem
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}}|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|6,662
|{{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} align="right"|<1%
||'''*'''
|-
|[[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 2010|2010]]
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{nowrap|Russ Feingold}} (inc.)
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right"|1,020,958
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|47%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|{{nowrap|'''[[Ron Johnson]]'''}}
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right"|'''1,125,999'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|'''52%'''
|
|{{Party shading/Constitution}}|Rob Taylor
|{{Party shading/Constitution}}|[[Constitution Party (United States)|Constitution]]
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} align="right"|23,349
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} align="right"|1%
|-
|[[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 2016|2016]]
|
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{nowrap|Russ Feingold}}
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} align="right"|1,380,335
|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|47%
|
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|'''{{nowrap|[[Ron Johnson]]}}''' (inc.)
|{{Party shading/Republican}} align="right"|'''1,479,471'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}}|'''50%'''
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|Phil Anderson
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right"|87,531
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}}|3%
|}
{{refbegin}}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 1992, Robert L. Kundert received 2,747 votes, Joseph Selliken received 2,733 votes, and other write-ins received 459 votes. In 1998, write-ins received 706 votes. In 2004, write-ins received 834 votes.

{{refend}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|title=Feingold: A New Democratic Party| first=Sanford D. |last=Horwitt | isbn=978-1-4165-3492-1| publisher=Simon & Schuster| year=2007}}

==See also==

*[[List of Harvard University politicians]]
* [[List of Jewish members of the United States Congress]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|d=Q356475|c=Category:Russ Feingold|s=Author:Russell Dana Feingold|b=no|v=no|voy=no|wikt=no|species=no|m=no|mw=no|n=no}}
* {{official website}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110226141036/http://www.progressivesunited.org/ Progressives United] (archived)
* {{CongLinks | congbio=f000061 | votesmart=53361 | fec=S8WI00026 | congress= }}<!--
Links formerly displayed via the CongLinks template:
* [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/300042 Congressional profile] at [[GovTrack]]
* [http://www.opencongress.org/people/show/300042_Russell_Feingold Congressional profile] at [[Participatory Politics Foundation|OpenCongress]]
* [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00000036 Financial information (federal office)] at [[Center for Responsive Politics|OpenSecrets.org]]
* [http://www.legistorm.com/member/41/Sen_Russell_Dana_Feingold.html Staff salaries, trips and personal finance] at LegiStorm.com
* [http://www.ontheissues.org/Senate/Russell_Feingold.htm Issue positions and quotes] at [[On the Issues]]
* [http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n2007-37390 Works by or about Russ Feingold] in libraries ([[WorldCat]] catalog)
* [http://www.c-spanvideo.org/person/25174 Appearances] on [[C-SPAN]] programs
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2010876 Appearances] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/f/russell_d_feingold/index.html Collected news and commentary] at ''[[The New York Times]]''
* -->
* {{C-SPAN|25174}}
* {{ballotpedia|Russ_Feingold|Russ Feingold}}

{{s-start}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Everett Bidwell]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[Wisconsin State Senate|Wisconsin Senate]]<br />for the [[Wisconsin Senate, District 27|27th]] district|years=1983–1993}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Joe Wineke]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ed Garvey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[Wisconsin]]<br />([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[1992 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|1992]], [[1998 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|1998]], [[2004 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|2004]], [[2010 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|2010]], [[2016 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|2016]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mandela Barnes]]}} 
|-
{{s-par|us-sen}}
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|-
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef|before=[[R. Barrie Walkley|Barrie Walkley]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Special Envoy|United States Special Envoy]] for the [[African Great Lakes]] and the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo-Kinshasa]]|years=2013–2015}}
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{{s-prec|usa}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence|Order of precedence of the United States]]<br>''{{small|as Former US Senator }}''|years=}}
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{{Patriot Act}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Feingold, Russ}}
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