Editing SNCASE

{{Short description|French aircraft manufacturer}}
{{Infobox company
|name=''Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du Sud-Est''
|logo=SNCASE-logo.svg
|type=
|industry=[[Aerospace]], [[defense industry|defence]]
|genre=
|fate=Merged
|predecessor=[[Lioré et Olivier]], [[Potez]], [[Chantiers Aéro-Maritimes de la Seine]], [[Chantiers aéronavals Étienne Romano]] & [[Société Provençale de Constructions Aéronautiques]]
|successor=[[Sud Aviation]]
|founder=
|defunct={{End date|1957|03|01}}
|area_served=
|key_people= [[René Mouille]]
|products=Aircraft<br />Missiles
|production=
|services=
|revenue=
|operating_income=
|net_income=
|aum=
|assets=
|equity=
|owner=
|num_employees=
|parent=
|divisions=
|subsid=
|footnotes=
|foundation=France ({{Start date|1937|02|01}})
|location_city=Toulouse
|location_country=France
|location=
|locations=
|homepage=
}}

'''SNCASE'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&CLE=CONSTRUCTEUR&MOTCLEF= |title=Les avions, hélicoptères ou autres aéronefs construits par SNCASE |publisher=Aviafrance |date= |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref> (abbreviated from '''''Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du Sud-Est''''')<ref name = "Hartmann1">{{citation
|last1=Hartmann
|first1=Gérard
|title=Les réalisations de la SNCASE
|url=http://www.hydroretro.net/etudegh/sncase.pdf
|accessdate=2009-07-15
|date=2005-01-05
|language=French
|quote=Alors qu’on ne sait pas très clairement si les sociétés nationales sont des « usines de production de guerre » sans indépendance et sans bureau d'études, la SNCASE est officiellement formée le 1er février 1937.}}</ref> or '''Sud-Est'''<ref name = "Hartmann1" /> was a French aircraft manufacturer. The company was formed on February 1, 1937, by the nationalization and merger of [[Lioré et Olivier]], [[Potez]], [[Chantiers Aéro-Maritimes de la Seine|CAMS]], [[Romano (company)|Romano]] and [[Société provençale de constructions aéronautiques|SPCA]].<ref name = "Hartmann1" />

==History==

Following the [[Matignon Agreements (1936)|resolution]] of the 1936 [[general strike]] of French heavy industry, the government of [[Léon Blum]] introduced an act to nationalize the French war industry. The act provided for the creation of seven nationalized aeronautical manufacturing companies: six for aircraft (SNCASE, [[SNCASO]], [[SNCAN]], [[SNCAO]], [[SNCAM]], [[SNCAC]]), and one for aircraft engines ([[Société nationale de Construction de Moteurs|SNCM]] - [[Lorraine-Dietrich]]).<ref name = "Hartmann1" />

SNCASE incorporated the facilities of Potez in [[Berre-l'Étang]], CAMS in [[Vitrolles, Bouches-du-Rhône|Vitrolles]], Romano in [[Cannes]], SPCA in [[Marseille]] and [[Lioré et Olivier]] at [[Argenteuil]] and [[Marignane]]. SNCASE became the largest of the aeronautical ''{{lang|fr|Sociétés nationales}}'', with {{nowrap|{{gaps|225|000}} m<sup>2</sup>}} of space in six factories and {{gaps|2|550}} employees. ({{gaps|1|700}} of the workforce came from Lioré et Olivier, along with 90% of then-current manufacturing contracts.<ref name = "Hartmann1" />)

In 1941, during the Second World War, the Paris design bureaus of both the nationalized and the private aircraft firms were relocated to avoid capture. SNCASE acquired the failing [[SNCAM]] and moved its engineering operations to SNCAM's headquarters at the former [[Dewoitine]] factory in [[Toulouse]].<ref name = "Hartmann1" />{{rp|13}}

During the rationalisation of the nationalised Aircraft Industry during the 1950s, SNCASE merged with SNCASO to form [[Sud Aviation]] on March 1, 1957, which in turn was later amalgamated into [[Aérospatiale]] and eventually the [[Airbus]] group.

==Products==
Most early Sud-Est aircraft retained their earlier designations, such as the [[Lioré et Olivier LeO 451]] bomber. The first aircraft produced under the Sud-Est marque was the [[Sud-Est SE 100]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=1512&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-100 - Chasseur - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=1999-10-02 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref> (formerly Leo 50) fighter.

As well as fixed winged aircraft work, SNCASE carried out research into rotary-winged aircraft capitalising on the experience gained from absorbing the Liore et Olivier team which had license-built the [[Cierva C.30]] design (as the LeO C.30 and C.301 to C.305 variants), and designing and building the LeO C.34 (derived from [[Kellett Autogiro Corporation|Kellett]] designs). After World War II further work on autogyro's produced the [[SNCASE SE-700|SE.700]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9552&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-700 - SE 700 - Autogire de liaison - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=2002-12-08 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref> and SE.700A multi-seat Liaison autogyros, which were quickly over-shadowed by the rapid development of helicopters.

SNCASE continued experimenting with helicopters with the help from a team from [[Focke Achgelis]] building the [[Sud-Est SE.3000|SE.3000]], which was a French version of the twin-rotor [[Focke Achgelis Fa 223|Focke Achgelis Fa 223 Drache]], and the smaller, more conventional, [[Sud-Est SE-3101|SE.3101]]. With this experience SNCASE went on to design the [[Sud-Est SE-3110|SE.3110]] and eventually the [[Sud-Est Alouette|SE.3120 Alouette]] which first flew on 21 July 1951 and broke the helicopter distance and speed records in July [[1953 in aviation|1953]]. Production versions of the Alouette emerged as the commercially successful [[Aérospatiale Alouette II|Alouette II]] and [[Aérospatiale Alouette III|Alouette III]], resulting in production runs of several hundreds, with many exported.

Fixed wing aircraft were also developed post World War II, with several jet research aircraft and two significant airliners: The [[Sud-Est Armagnac|SE-2010 Armagnac]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=609&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-2010 'Armagnac' - Armagnac - Transport civil - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=2016-04-18 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref> and the [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|SE-210 Caravelle]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9058&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-210 'Caravelle' - Caravelle - Transport civil - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=2001-01-07 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref> airliners. Production licences were also obtained from [[de Havilland]] for the [[de Havilland Sea Venom]] to provide all-weather and day fighters for the Aéronautique Navale., with 121 two-seat and single-seat Aquilon 20 / 201 / 202 / 203 / 204 built from 1952.<ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9862&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. 'Aquilon' 20 - Aquilon - Chasseur tous temps - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=2004-10-20 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9073&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. 'Aquilon' 202 - Aquilon - Chasseur tous temps - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=2001-01-15 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Bruno Parmentier |url=http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9863&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |title=S.N.C.A.S.E. 'Aquilon' 203 - Aquilon - Chasseur tous temps - Un siècle d'aviation française |publisher=Aviafrance.com |date=2004-10-20 |accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref>

===SNCASE aircraft production===
Early three digit sequence
* [[SNCASE SE.100]] (developed from Liore et Olivier LeO 50) (1939)
* [[SNCASE SE.161 Languedoc]] (developed from Bloch 160) (1939)
* [[Sud-Est SE.200 Amphitrite|SNCASE SE.200 Amphitrite]] (1942)
* [[SNCASE SE-400]] (1939)
* [[SNCASE SE-700]] & 700A (1945)

Four digit model sequence
* [[SNCASE SE-1010]] (1948) <!--reconnaissance-->
* [[SNCASE SE-1210]] (1948) <!--reconnaissance-->
* [[SNCASE Armagnac|SNCASE SE-2010 Armagnac]] (1949)
* [[SNCASE SE-2100]] (1945) <!--sport aircraft-->
* [[SNCASE SE-2300|SNCASE SE-2300 & 2310]] (1945) <!--sport aircraft-->
* [[Sud-Est Grognard|SNCASE SE-2410 & 2415 Grognard]] (1950)
* [[SNCASE Baroudeur|SNCASE SE-5000 & 5003 Baroudeur]] (1953)

Helicopters (3000-series designation sequence)
* [[Focke-Achgelis Fa 223|SNCASE SE-3000]] (development of Focke-Achgelis Fa 223) (1948)
* [[SNCASE SE-3101]] (1948)
* [[SNCASE SE-3110]] (1950)
* [[SNCASE SE.3120 Alouette]] (1951)
* [[Aérospatiale Alouette II|SNCASE SE-3130 Alouette II & SE-3131 Gouverneur]] (1955)
* [[Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama|SNCASE SE-3150 Lama]] (1969)
* [[Aérospatiale Alouette III|SNCASE SE-3160 Alouette III]] (1959)
* [[SNCASE SE.3200 Frelon|SNCASE SE-3200 Frelon]] (1959)

Late three digit designation sequence
* [[Sud Aviation SE-116 Voltigeur|SNCASE SE-116 & 117 Voltigeur]] (1958)
* [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|SNCASE SE-210 Caravelle]] (1955)
* [[SNCASE SE.212 Durandal]] (1956)

===Designs built under licence===
* [[de Havilland Vampire|SNCASE SE-532-535 Mistral]]; license-built de Havilland Vampire (1951)
* [[de Havilland Sea Venom|SNCASE Aquilon]]; license-built de Havilland Sea Venom (1952)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&CLE=CONSTRUCTEUR&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E.]
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9862&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. 'Aquilon' 20]
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9073&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. 'Aquilon' 202]
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9863&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. 'Aquilon' 203]
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9058&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-210 'Caravelle']
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=609&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-2010 'Armagnac']
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=1512&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-100]
* [http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9552&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=1144&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= Aviafrance - S.N.C.A.S.E. SE-700]

{{SNCASE}}
{{SNCASE aircraft}}
{{SNCASO}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sncase}}
[[Category:Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France]]
[[Category:Defunct helicopter manufacturers]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1957]]
[[Category:Sud Aviation]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1937]]
[[Category:French companies established in 1937]]
[[Category:1957 disestablishments in France]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Toulouse]]
[[Category:SNCASE aircraft| ]]