Editing Sabadell

{{other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Sabadell
| settlement_type                 = [[Municipalities of Catalonia|Municipality]]
| official_name                   = <!-- if different from name -->
| native_name                     = <!-- if different from name -->
| image_skyline                   = Sabadell - Eix Macià.jpg
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = Eix Macià business district
| image_flag                      = Flag_of_Sabadell.svg
| image_shield                    = Coat of Arms of Sabadell.svg
| nickname                        = 
| motto                           = 
| image_map          = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=285|frame-height=180|frame-align=center|frame-coordinates={{Coord|39.5|N|3.7|W}}|zoom=4|type=point|title=Sabadell|marker=city|type2=shape|stroke-width2=2|stroke-color2=#808080|text=Interactive map of Sabadell.}}
|map_caption              = Location of Sabadell
| image_map1         = [[File:Localització de Sabadell respecte del Vallès Occidental.svg|150px]]
| map_caption1       = Location in Vallès Occidental county
| pushpin_map             = Spain Catalonia vegueries#Spain
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| subdivision_type  = [[Sovereign state]]
| subdivision_name  = [[Spain]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Community]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Catalonia]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Vegueries of Catalonia|Region]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Àmbit metropolità de Barcelona|Barcelona]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Comarques of Catalonia|County]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Vallès Occidental]]
| subdivision_type4  = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name4  = [[Province of Barcelona|Barcelona]]
| seat_type                       = <!-- [[Capital (political)|Capital]] -->
| seat                            = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|41|32|54.93|N|2|6|27|E|type:city(200905)|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes           = 
| elevation_m                     = 190
| elevation_min_m                 = 
| elevation_max_m                 = 
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name=idescat>{{cite web|url=http://www.idescat.cat/emex/?lang=en&id=081878|title=El municipi en xifres: Sabadell|publisher=[[Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya|Statistical Institute of Catalonia]]|access-date=2015-11-23|archive-date=25 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125045244/http://www.idescat.cat/emex/?lang=en&id=081878|url-status=live}}</ref>
| area_total_km2                  = 37.8
| established_title               = <!-- Founded -->
| established_date                = 
| population_as_of                = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes            = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total                = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_demonym              = ''Sabadellenc'',&nbsp;''sabadellenca''&nbsp;([[Catalan language|ca]])<br>''Sabadellense''&nbsp;([[Spanish language|es]])
| population_note                 = 
| population_density_km2          = auto
| blank_name_sec1                 = [[Languages of Spain|Official language(s)]]
| blank_info_sec1                 = Catalan, Spanish
| timezone                        = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset                      = +1
| timezone_DST                    = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = +2
| postal_code_type                = [[List of postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code                     = 08200 to 08208 and 08805
| area_code_type                  = [[Telephone numbers in Spain|Dialing code]]
| area_code                       = 
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = [[Marta Farrés]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2019/06/15/5d04372dfc6c8332068b4585.html
|title=El mapa de las nuevas alcaldías 2019-2023
|date=15 June 2019
|publisher=El Mundo
|access-date=15 June 2019
|archive-date=15 June 2019
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615162225/https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2019/06/15/5d04372dfc6c8332068b4585.html
|url-status=live
}}</ref>
| leader_party                    = [[Socialist Party of Catalonia|PSC]]
| blank_name_sec2                 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec2                 = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]
| website                         = {{URL|sabadell.cat}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}

'''Sabadell''' ({{IPA|ca|səβəˈðeʎ}}) is a city and municipality in [[Catalonia]], [[Spain]]. It is in the south of the ''comarca'' of [[Vallès Occidental]], where it is one of the two capitals, the other being [[Terrassa]]. It is located on the [[River Ripoll]], {{convert|20|km|abbr=on}} north of [[Barcelona]], {{convert|190|m|abbr=on}} above sea level.

Sabadell pioneered the [[Industrial Revolution]] in [[Catalonia]] with its [[textile]] mills, together with its archrival Terrassa. Thus, in the mid-19th century, it became the most important wool city in Spain, being nicknamed the "Catalan [[Manchester#Industrial Revolution|Manchester]]". Today many mills from that period can still be seen, with most of them having been refurbished as residential buildings or other services. Nowadays, Sabadell is basically a commercial and industrial city; there are no significant agricultural activities.

Sabadell is an important communications point. Two motorways run beside the city: the C-58 (from Barcelona to [[Manresa]]) and the [[Autopista AP-7|AP-7]] (from [[France]] and [[Girona]] to [[Tarragona]], [[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]], and [[Andalusia]]), and some roads link Sabadell with nearby cities and towns: Barcelona, Terrassa, [[Cerdanyola del Vallès]], [[Sant Quirze del Vallès]], [[Barberà del Vallès]], [[Sant Cugat del Vallès]], [[Castellar del Vallès]], [[Sant Llorenç Savall]], [[Granollers]], [[Rubí, Barcelona|Rubí]], [[Sentmenat]], and [[Molins de Rei]].

A railroad line crosses the city (the [[Rodalies de Catalunya|Rodalies]] Barcelona line from Barcelona to [[Lleida]]) and another one terminates in the city (the [[Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya|FGC]] line from Barcelona to Sabadell via Sant Cugat del Vallès).

==History==
In Roman times, a little village called ''Arragone'' existed near where the church of La Salut  now stands. This grew into the town called ''Arraona'' or ''Arrahona'' in the [[Middle Ages]]. Another little village was built just on the other side of the river. This second village, called Sabadell, located on a plain, began to grow and its population was about 600 people (152 houses) in 1378. Sabadell was enclosed by a wall, but due to population growth in the 16th century, some houses were built outside the wall. At that time the first textile industries appeared in the town, devoted especially to [[wool]]en clothing. The woolen industry grew over the next centuries, and in 1800 the town's population was about 2000 people.

The 19th century brought two important developments to the town: in 1856 the railway arrived, and in 1877 the town was dubbed a "city". In the 1897 census the population of the city was 23,044 people. The city had become the most important producer of woolen clothing in Spain, and these clothes achieved worldwide fame.

The ''[[modernisme]]'' movement (related to [[Art Nouveau]]) had an important influence in the architecture of the city in the early 20th century  and distinctive buildings such as the ''modernista'' Hotel Suís (1902), Despatx Lluch (1908), and the Caixa d'Estalvis de Sabadell (1915), as well as the Torre de l'Aigua (1918) and the [[Central Market, Sabadell|Mercat Central]] (1930), were built during the first half of the century.

In the early 20th century, Sabadell, with [[Terrassa]], was the textile city par excellence, being the driving force of a territory poor in natural resources. The population was multiplied by eight, its industry boosted, particularly textiles and metals, and its economy was modernized in the service sector. Due to this industrial activity, Sabadell received massive waves of immigration in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s leading to uncontrolled urban expansion and the creation of some new neighborhoods such as Ca n'Oriac and Torre-Romeu.

There has always been since those days a rivalry between Terrassa and Sabadell, because both of them wanted to be capitals of the Vallés Occidental, as both were pretty relevant while this rise textile industry. Nowadays, still there are some popular sayings: "Sabadell mala pell" (Sabadell bad skin) and "Terrassa mala raça" (Terrassa bad race).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Verdaguer|first=Joaquim|date=2013-05-04|title="Terrassa mala raça, Sabadell mala pell" {{!}} La torre del Palau|url=https://www.naciodigital.cat/latorredelpalau/noticia/25021/terrassa/mala/raca/sabadell/mala/pell|access-date=2020-08-09|website=Nacio Digital|language=ca|archive-date=27 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227072705/https://www.naciodigital.cat/latorredelpalau/noticia/25021/terrassa/mala/raca/sabadell/mala/pell|url-status=live}}</ref>

The growth of industry and population favored the emergence of an important [[Labor movement in Spain|workers' movement]], and [[Catalanist]], socialist and anarchist parties were very influential up until the upheavals of the [[Spanish Civil War]] (1936–39). The victory of the Fascist faction in the war was a step backwards for the city, but in the fifties industry recovered and grew once more.  Industries needed workers, and many people came from [[Andalusia]], [[Murcia]], [[Extremadura]], [[Castile (historical region)|Castile]] and other parts of [[Spain]] to work in the textile and the metal industry. Again, a new workers' and Catalanist movement emerged, this time against [[Francisco Franco]]'s regime and with the support of the [[Roman Catholic Church]].

Sabadell was the host of some sessions of the [[Assembly of Catalonia|Assemblea de Catalunya]], a multi-party organization that brought together communists, socialists, Catalan nationalists, Catholics and others against the Franco regime. The [[1973 oil crisis]] and Franco's death in 1975 meant an important change in [[Spain]] and, of course, in Sabadell. The economic crisis compelled the city to diversify its economic activities. New commercial and leisure areas (the ''Eix Macià'') appeared next to the traditional industries, leading to important economic development for the city. An [[ETA (separatist group)|ETA]] [[car bomb]]ing in 1990 [[Sabadell bombing|killed]] six [[Mossos d'Esquadra|police]] officers.

==Main sights==
*Little church of ''Sant Nicolau'' (11th century) is a vestige of the town of Arraona
*''Casa Duran'' is a traditional rural house (16th century) placed in the middle of the city
*''Hotel Suís'' (Swiss Hotel, 1902)
*''Caixa d'Estalvis'' (1915)
*''Torre de l'Aigua'' (water tower, 1918)
*''[[Central Market, Sabadell|Mercat Central]]'' (Central Market, 1930)
*''{{Ill|Tower of Feu|ca|Castell de Can Feu}}'' (1879)

==Geography==
Sabadell is located in the middle of the [[Comarques of Catalonia|comarca]] named [[Vallès Occidental]], approximately  {{convert|20|km|abbr=on}} from [[Barcelona]]. It borders (clockwise, starting from the north) with [[Castellar del Vallès]], [[Sentmenat]], [[Polinyà]], [[Santa Perpètua de Mogoda]], [[Barberà del Vallès]], [[Badia del Vallès]], [[Cerdanyola del Vallès]], [[Sant Quirze del Vallès]], and [[Terrassa]].

The city covers an area of {{convert|37.79|km2|abbr=on}} and its population density is {{convert|5337.57|/km2|abbr=on}} as of 2007. The altitude is {{convert|200|m}}.<ref>IDESCAT. Geographical indicators. Land, density and population entities. [http://www.idescat.net/territ/BasicTerr?TC=5&V0=1&V1=08187&V3=215&V4=396&ALLINFO=TRUE&PARENT=91&CTX=B Sabadell] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907210410/https://www.idescat.cat/pub/?id=inddt |date=7 September 2023 }}</ref>

=== Climate ===
{{Weather box
|location = Sabadell <small>(data from 1938–1969)</small>
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 11.2
|Feb high C = 12.2
|Mar high C = 14.4
|Apr high C = 17.6
|May high C = 20.8
|Jun high C = 24.3
|Jul high C = 27.6
|Aug high C = 27.1
|Sep high C = 24.0
|Oct high C = 19.3
|Nov high C = 14.7
|Dec high C = 11.9
|year high C = 18.8
|Jan mean C = 8.0
|Feb mean C = 8.9
|Mar mean C = 10.9
|Apr mean C = 12.9
|May mean C = 16.3
|Jun mean C = 20.2
|Jul mean C = 23.0
|Aug mean C = 23.1
|Sep mean C = 20.4
|Oct mean C = 15.9
|Nov mean C = 11.6
|Dec mean C = 8.6
|year mean C = 15.0
|Jan low C = 3.8
|Feb low C = 4.5
|Mar low C = 7.2
|Apr low C = 8.9
|May low C = 12.2
|Jun low C = 16.2
|Jul low C = 19.0
|Aug low C = 19.2
|Sep low C = 16.9
|Oct low C = 12.6
|Nov low C = 8.5
|Dec low C = 4.3
|year low C = 11.1
|source 1 = Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.ucm.es/info/cif/station/es-sabad.htm
 |title=ESP BARCELONA – SABADELL
 |access-date=13 September 2012
 |archive-date=4 April 2008
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404231222/http://www.ucm.es/info/cif/station/es-sabad.htm
 |url-status=live
 }}</ref>
|date=September 2012}}

==Sports==
[[Image:Catalonia-Sabadell.jpg|thumb|right|Plaça de Sant Roc in Sabadell]]
During the [[1992 Summer Olympics|1992 Barcelona Olympic Games]], Sabadell was one of the cities where the football competition took place. The matches were played in the  Nova Creu Alta stadium, which is also home to the main football club in town: [[CE Sabadell FC|Centre d'Esports Sabadell]]. 
This local team, currently in the [[Segunda División]], has played 14 seasons in the [[La Liga|Primera División]] (First Division), once in the [[UEFA Cup]] and has even reached the final of the [[Copa del Rey]].

Other major sports clubs are [[Club Natació Sabadell]] (Waterpolo and Swimming Club), with more than 30,000 members, [[OAR Gràcia Sabadell]] (Handball), currently playing in the First National Division (Group C) of the Spanish Handball League, the [[Unió Excursionista de Sabadell - UES]] (Hikers Club), with almost 3,000 associates, two basketball teams, the [[Sabadell Bàsquet]] and [[Sant Nicolau]], both of them currently playing  at [[EBA League]], the Fourth Division of the Spanish Basketball League, and two historical tennis clubs, [http://www.cerclesabadelles.cat/ Cercle Sabadellès 1856] and [http://www.cts.cat/ Club de Tennis Sabadell], with 4,000 and 3,500 associates respectively.

[[FC Barcelona]] player [[Sergio Busquets]] was born in Sabadell on 16 July 1988.

[[Image:Sabadell - Torre de l'aigua editada.jpg|upright|thumb|Torre de l'Aigua at night]]

==Institutions==
* [[Banco Sabadell]], a major bank
* [[CE Sabadell FC]], a football club

==European Cooperation==
* Covilhã is a member city of the [[Eurotowns network]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://eurotowns.org/ |title= Eurotowns |access-date= 19 November 2012 |archive-date= 29 January 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230129232429/https://www.eurotowns.org/ |url-status= live }}</ref>

==Notable people==
[[File:Castellers de Sabadell - Primer 2 de 8 amb folre carregat - Festa Major de Sabadell 2011.jpg|thumb|First 2 de 8 amb folre carregat by [[Castellers Sabadell]] in the Festa Major in 2011]]
*[[Agnès Armengol]] (1852-1934), writer, pianist, composer
*[[Joan Oliver i Sallarès]] (1899–1986): Catalan-language poet and playwright, also known as [[Pere Quart]]
*[[Aleix Gómez|Aleix Gómez Abello]] (born 1997): handball player 
*[[Ramon Barnils i Folguera]] (1940–2001): journalist and translator born in Sabadell
*[[Benet Casablancas]] (1956–): composer and musicologist
*[[Juan Fernández (racing driver)|Juan Fernández]] (1930–2020): racing driver
*[[Jordi Gené]] (1970–): racing driver
*[[Marc Gené]] (1974–): racing driver and former F1 driver
*[[David Meca]] (1974–): professional swimmer
*[[Sergio Dalma]] (1964–): [[pop (music)|pop]] singer
*[[Aschwin Wildeboer]] (1986–): swimmer
*[[Olaf Wildeboer]] (1983–): swimmer
*[[Bernat Quintana]]: Actor in ''[[El Cor de la Ciutat]]'', Max
*[[Xavier Oriach]] (1927–): painter
*[[Sergio Busquets]] (born 1988), footballer
*[[Moisés Hurtado]] (born 1981), footballer
*[[Miguel Ángel Lozano]] (born 1978), footballer
*[[Oleguer Presas]] (born 1980), footballer
*[[Alberto Edjogo-Owono]] (born 1984), footballer ([[Equatorial Guinea]]'s [[Equatorial Guinea national football team|international]])
*[[Juvenal Edjogo Owono]] (born 1979), footballer ([[Equatorial Guinea]]'s [[Equatorial Guinea national football team|international]])
*[[Óscar García Junyent]] (born 1973), former footballer
*[[Roger García Junyent]] (born 1976), former footballer
*[[Dani Pedrosa]] (born 1985), Moto GP racer
*[[Kilian Jornet Burgada]] (born 1987), mountain runner
*[[Jordi Masip]] (born 1989), footballer
*[[Cristian Tello]] (born 1991), footballer
*[[Isaías Sánchez]], footballer
* [[Alfons Borrell i Palazón]], painter
* [[Manel Navarro]], singer, entering [[Eurovision Song Contest 2017]] with 'Do It for Your Lover'
*[[Jimmy Jump]], pitch invader
*[[Ricard Zapata Barrero|Ricard Zapata-Barrero]] (born 1965), scholar of migration studies

==See also==
*[[Transport in Sabadell]]
*[[Sabadell Metro]]
*[[Murder of Helena Jubany]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
* Panareda Clopés, Josep Maria; Rios Calvet, Jaume; Rabella Vives, Josep Maria (1989). ''Guia de Catalunya'', Barcelona: Caixa de Catalunya. {{ISBN|84-87135-01-3}} (Spanish). {{ISBN|84-87135-02-1}} (Catalan).

==External links==
{{EB1911 poster|Sabadell}}
*[http://www.sabadell.cat/ The ''Ajuntament'' (Town Hall) web site]
* [http://aplicacions.municat.gencat.cat/index.php?page=consulta&mostraEns=0818780001 Government data pages] {{in lang|ca}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Sabadell
|N  = [[Castellar del Vallès]]
|NE = [[Sentmenat]]
|E  = [[Polinyà]]
|SE = [[Santa Perpètua de Mogoda]]
|S  = [[Barberà del Vallès]]<br>[[Badia del Vallès]]
|SW = [[Cerdanyola del Vallès]]
|W  = [[Sant Quirze del Vallès]]
|NW = [[Terrassa]]
}}
{{Navboxes
|title= Articles related to Sabadell
|list=
{{Valles Occidental}}
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}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Sabadell| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities in Vallès Occidental]]